Intelligent Decision Technology

Support in Practice 1st Edition Jeffrey

W. Tweedale
Visit to download the full and correct content document:
https://textbookfull.com/product/intelligent-decision-technology-support-in-practice-1st
-edition-jeffrey-w-tweedale/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

Intelligent Data Analytics for Decision-Support Systems

in Hazard Mitigation: Theory and Practice of Hazard
Mitigation Ravinesh C. Deo

https://textbookfull.com/product/intelligent-data-analytics-for-
decision-support-systems-in-hazard-mitigation-theory-and-
practice-of-hazard-mitigation-ravinesh-c-deo/

Intelligent Decision Support Systems for Sustainable

Computing Paradigms and Applications 1st Edition Arun
Kumar Sangaiah

https://textbookfull.com/product/intelligent-decision-support-
systems-for-sustainable-computing-paradigms-and-applications-1st-
edition-arun-kumar-sangaiah/

Decision Support Systems VIII Sustainable Data Driven

and Evidence Based Decision Support Fatima Dargam

https://textbookfull.com/product/decision-support-systems-viii-
sustainable-data-driven-and-evidence-based-decision-support-
fatima-dargam/

Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency

Settings Decision Support Tools and Smart Technology
Applications for Emergency Sanitation 1st Edition Fiona
Zakaria (Author)
https://textbookfull.com/product/rethinking-faecal-sludge-
management-in-emergency-settings-decision-support-tools-and-
smart-technology-applications-for-emergency-sanitation-1st-
Decision-Making in Veterinary Practice 1st Edition
Kipperman

https://textbookfull.com/product/decision-making-in-veterinary-
practice-1st-edition-kipperman/

Real World Decision Support Systems Case Studies 1st

Edition Jason Papathanasiou

https://textbookfull.com/product/real-world-decision-support-
systems-case-studies-1st-edition-jason-papathanasiou/

Large Group Decision Making Creating Decision Support

Approaches at Scale Iván Palomares Carrascosa

https://textbookfull.com/product/large-group-decision-making-
creating-decision-support-approaches-at-scale-ivan-palomares-
carrascosa/

Decision Support Systems VII. Data, Information and

Knowledge Visualization in Decision Support Systems:
Third International Conference, ICDSST 2017, Namur,
Belgium, May 29-31, 2017, Proceedings 1st Edition
Isabelle Linden
https://textbookfull.com/product/decision-support-systems-vii-
data-information-and-knowledge-visualization-in-decision-support-
systems-third-international-conference-icdsst-2017-namur-belgium-
may-29-31-2017-proceedings-1st-e/

Trends in Spatial Analysis and Modelling: Decision-

Support and Planning Strategies 1st Edition Martin
Behnisch

https://textbookfull.com/product/trends-in-spatial-analysis-and-
modelling-decision-support-and-planning-strategies-1st-edition-
martin-behnisch/
Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies 42
Jeffrey W. Tweedale
Rui Neves-Silva
Lakhmi C. Jain
Gloria Phillips-Wren
Junzo Watada
Robert J. Howlett Editors

Intelligent Decision
Technology Support
in Practice

123
Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies

Volume 42

Series editors
Robert J. Howlett, KES International, Shoreham-by-Sea, UK
e-mail: rjhowlett@kesinternational.org

Lakhmi C. Jain, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia, and

University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
e-mail: Lakhmi.jain@unisa.edu.au
About this Series

The Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies book series encompasses the
topics of knowledge, intelligence, innovation and sustainability. The aim of the
series is to make available a platform for the publication of books on all aspects of
single and multi-disciplinary research on these themes in order to make the latest
results available in a readily-accessible form. Volumes on interdisciplinary research
combining two or more of these areas is particularly sought.
The series covers systems and paradigms that employ knowledge and
intelligence in a broad sense. Its scope is systems having embedded knowledge
and intelligence, which may be applied to the solution of world problems in
industry, the environment and the community. It also focusses on the knowledge-
transfer methodologies and innovation strategies employed to make this happen
effectively. The combination of intelligent systems tools and a broad range of
applications introduces a need for a synergy of disciplines from science,
technology, business and the humanities. The series will include conference
proceedings, edited collections, monographs, handbooks, reference books, and
other relevant types of book in areas of science and technology where smart
systems and technologies can offer innovative solutions.
High quality content is an essential feature for all book proposals accepted for
the series. It is expected that editors of all accepted volumes will ensure that
contributions are subjected to an appropriate level of reviewing process and adhere
to KES quality principles.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8767

Jeffrey W. Tweedale Rui Neves-Silva
•

Lakhmi C. Jain Gloria Phillips-Wren

•

Junzo Watada Robert J. Howlett

•

Editors

Intelligent Decision
Technology Support
in Practice

123
Editors
Jeffrey W. Tweedale Gloria Phillips-Wren
School of Engineering, KES Centre Sellinger School of Business
University of South Australia and Management
Adelaide, SA Loyola University Maryland
Australia Baltimore, MD
USA
Rui Neves-Silva
FCT Campus Junzo Watada
UNINOVA Graduate School of IPS
Caparica Waseda University
Portugal Fukuoka
Japan
Lakhmi C. Jain
School of Engineering Robert J. Howlett
University of South Australia KES International
Adelaide, SA Shoreham-by-Sea
Australia UK

ISSN 2190-3018 ISSN 2190-3026 (electronic)

Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies
ISBN 978-3-319-21208-1 ISBN 978-3-319-21209-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-21209-8

Library of Congress Control Number: 2015945130

Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from
the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or
for any errors or omissions that may have been made.

Printed on acid-free paper

Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media

(www.springer.com)
This book is dedicated to all researchers
seeking inspiration on how they can generate
practical applications containing Intelligent
Decision-making Technology. Its content
reflects the unwavering support
and innovative success of numerous
scientists within the Knowledge-Based,
Intelligent Information and Engineering
Systems community.
Foreword

The Intelligent Decision-making Technologies (IDT) domain is a fast growing area

of research that integrates various aspects of computer science and information
systems. This includes intelligent systems, intelligent technology, intelligent agents,
artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic, neural networks, machine learning, knowledge
discovery, computational intelligence, data science, big data analytics, inference
engines, recommender systems or engines, and a variety of related disciplines.
Innovative applications that emerge using IDT often have a significant impact on
decision-making processes in government, industry, business, and academia in
general. This is particularly pronounced in finance, accounting, healthcare, com-
puter networks, real-time safety monitoring and crisis response systems. Similarly,
IDT is commonly used in military decisions-making systems, security, marketing,
stock market prediction, and robotics.
This is the main reason why KES International (UK) made a great conceptual
decision in 2009 when it organized the annual international conference on
Intelligent Decision making Technologies (KES-IDT). The main goal of this pro-
fessional meeting is to provide scholars, developers and practitioners with an
excellent opportunity to meet well-known experts from all over the world and
discuss innovative ideas, findings and results of research project, applications, and
best practices in emerging intelligent decision making technology area.
The main content of this book is based on research papers and presentations
of the 2013 KES-IDT international conference. It covers important IDT topics that
include, but not limited to:
• knowledge visualization and reasoning mechanisms to support
decision-making process;
• decision support systems and their applications in management;
• neural networks to support data analysis and classification;
• applications of decision-making technologies in scalable and
evolvable environments;
• intelligent systems to support social networking and media;
• 3D human-machine interfaces, 3D modeling, and visualization technology;

vii
viii Foreword

• Intelligent agents and multi-agent systems;

• collaborative decision making technologies and collaborative systems;
• service-oriented architectures to implement decision making components;
• recommender systems; and
• cognitive models, processes and interfaces.
The book provides a well-thought out and balanced combination of carefully
selected papers that cover various challenging theoretical aspects, sounding tech-
nological achievements, real-world practical applications, and implementations of
intelligent decision making technologies. The chapters deliver practical and quite
often complementary problem-solving techniques. The depth and breadth of this
ground-breaking content employs numerous IDT tools, techniques, and method-
ologies to generate innovative applications. Intelligent Decision Technology
Support in Practice will undoubtedly be a valuable reference for experts,
researchers, and Ph.D. students in the intelligent decision-making technologies
domain.

Prof. Vladimir Uskov

Computer Science and Information Systems
Director, InterLabs Research Institute
Bradley University
Peoria, IL, USA
Preface

Intelligent Decision-making Technology (IDT) is a field of study related to gath-

ering, processing, and exploiting data to achieve intelligent tasks. Research is
predominantly software based, however, it requires and incorporates technology to
build new or innovative tools that ultimately benefit society. Industry continues to
invest in IDT, with many creating internal research facilities. Big data is the latest
field to attract a significant investment from industry and a lot of research is being
targeted to solve real-world problems.
IDT relies on innovative use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to employ
human-like intelligence to emulate decision-making and solve data intensive
problems. Researchers continue to improve existing techniques within the domain.
This evolution in information processing and data centric decision-making has
become a pervasive phenomenon within the community, especially for mobile
computing. Technology is enabling the community to use mobile devices to access
information on-the-go, forcing researchers to deliver more intelligent systems.
Researchers continue to leverage off recent advances in information technologies
and now collaborate across several domains to solve problems. The major threads
in the book discuss the generation of strategy, controlling energy, interacting with
social media, reasoning and research, or industry inspired applications. Intelligent
Systems are becoming ubiquitous in a wide range of situations. These include facets
of simple everyday actions on mobile devices through to more advanced
enterprise-level applications in numerous domains. Society benefits daily, through
digital news, socialization of relations, and enhancements derived from expert
decision-making within knowledge-based systems.
All contributions in this book were sourced from authors supporting the series of
activities associated with IDT. A call for chapters was issued following the 5th
Conference on Intelligent Decision Technologies, held at Sesimbra, Portugal during
26–28 June 2013. Based on the submissions received, select authors were invited to
enter a competitive process prior to acceptance. Following an iterative review

ix
x Preface

process, an innovative subset of topics and techniques have been included in this
volume. The editors believe these promote or enhance decision-making techniques
using AI techniques.

July 2015 Jeffrey W. Tweedale

Lakhmi C. Jain
Acknowledgments

This publication would not be possible without the dedication and innovation of
researchers within the field of intelligent decision-making technologies. The editors
are proud to present a number of hand selected papers that have been expanded into
chapters. These contributions span a number of domains and research environments
that solve real-world problems. We must thank a large number of people who have
contributed to the success of this endeavor as reviewers of one or more submis-
sions, especially the former papers and final submissions. Similarly, for the efforts
of the chairs who organized the 5th KES International Conference on Intelligent
Decision Technologies, held in 2013 at Sesimbra, Portugal [1]. The scene for this
topic was stimulated through the rich source of contributions to this annual event.
The authors were selected based on their initial contributions published by KES.
These include the following subjects:
• Stability of Financial Market: The Introduction to the JAVA Simulation of
Agent-Based Model [2]
• Approach for decision support for energy savings and emissions trading based
on industrial requirements [3]
• Hybrid RBF-ART Model and Its Application to Medical Data Classification [4]
• MobiS—Personalized Mobility Services for energy efficiency and security
through advanced Artificial Intelligence techniques [5]
• Advancing collaborative decision making through alternative visualizations and
reasoning mechanisms [6]
• Multilingual Agents in a Dynamic Environment [7]
• Defining a Decision-Support Framework in AC3M [8]
• Developing Intelligent Agents with Distributed Computing Middleware [9]
• Rendering of wind effects in 3D landscape scenes [10]
• SOAda: Service-Oriented Architecture with a Decision Aspect [11]
• Method to share responsibility knowledge of dependability cases [12]
• A TV Program Recommender Framework [13]
• Incompleteness and fragmentation in spoken language syntax and its relation to
prosody and gesturing: cognitive processes vs. possible formal cues [14]

xi
xii Acknowledgments

The continuous evolution of techniques and methodologies are rapidly being

adapted to more diverse problems, ultimately enhancing the features in modern-day
applications. This culmination of multi-disciplined skills are being employed to
create innovative solutions for classifiers, data mining, knowledge management,
Intelligent Decision Technology, and a number of models that can be used to solve
industrial-level problems. Obviously without the contribution of the founding
subject matter experts, these existing researchers may have pursued completely
different disciplines. This book provides prospective researchers with a vital source
for motivation and help formulate their vision to ultimately produce innovative
solutions in the future.
The editors extend special thanks to the chairs of the 5th KES International
Conference on Intelligent Decision Technologies for hosting the conference in
Sesimbra, Portugal from 26 to 28 June 2013. They include: Neves-Silva, R.,
Watada, J., Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L.C., Howlett, R.J. We also wish to
acknowledge the support of the UNINOVA research institute for contributing to the
success of this symposium.

References

1. Neves-Silva, R., Watada, J., Phillips-Wren, G. (eds.): Intelligent Decision Technologies:

Proceedings of the 5th KES International Conference on Intelligent Decision Technologies.
IOS Press, Amsterdam (2013)
2. Šperka, R., Spišák, M., Górecki, J.: Stability of financial market: The introduction to the java
simulation of agent-based model. In: Neves-Silva, R., Watada, J., Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L.
C., Howlett, R.J., eds.: Intelligent Decision Technologies. Volume 241 of Frontiers in
Artificial Intelligence and Applications, pp. 380–389. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2013)
3. Marques, M., Neves-Silva, R.: Approach for decision support for energy savings and emis-
sions trading based on industrial requirements. In: Neves-Silva, R., Watada, J., Phillips-Wren,
G., Jain, L.C., Howlett, R.J., eds.: Intelligent Decision Technologies. Volume 255 of Frontiers
in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, pp. 74–83. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2013)
4. Tan, S.C., et al.: A hybrid RBF-ART model and its application to medical data classification.
In: Neves-Silva, R., Watada, J., Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L.C., Howlett, R.J., eds.: Intelligent
Decision Technologies. Volume 255 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications,
pp. 21–30. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2013)
5. Costa, R., et al.: Mobis - personalized mobility services for energy efficiency and security
through advanced artificial intelligence techniques. In: Neves-Silva, R., Watada, J.,
Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L.C., Howlett, R.J., (eds.): Intelligent Decision Technologies. Volume
241 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, pp. 296–306. IOS Press,
Amsterdam (2013)
6. Christodoulou, S., Karacapilidis, N., Tzagarakis, M.: Advancing collaborative decision mak-
ing through alternative visualizations and reasoning mechanisms. In: Neves-Silva, R., Watada,
J., Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L.C., Howlett, R.J., (eds.): Intelligent Decision Technologies.
Volume 241 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, pp. 38–47. IOS Press,
Amsterdam (2013)
Acknowledgments xiii

7. Tweedale, J., Jain, L.: Multilingual agents in a dynamic environment. In: Nakamatsu, K.,
Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L., Howlett, R., (eds.): New Advances in Intelligent Decision
Technologies. Volume 199 of Studies in Computational Intelligence, pp. 193–202. Springer
Berlin Heidelberg (2009)
8. Consoli, A., Tweedale, J., Jain, L.: Defining a decision-support framework in AC3M. In:
Nakamatsu, K., Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L., Howlett, R., (eds.): IDT’09: First KES
International Symposium in Intelligent Decision Technologies, pp. 203–212. (2009)
9. Sioutis, C., Dominish, D.: Developing intelligent agents with distributed computing middle-
ware. In: Watada, J., Phillips-Wren, G., Jain, L., Howlett, R., (eds.): Intelligent Decision
Technologies. Volume 10 of Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 863–872. Springer
Berlin Heidelberg (2011)
10. Favorskaya, M., Tkacheva, A.: Rendering of wind effects in 3d landscape scenes, 17th
International Conference in Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering
Systems. Procedia Comput. Sci. 22, 1229–1238 (2013)
11. Boumahdi, F., Chalal, R.: Soada: Service oriented architecture with a decision aspect, 17th
international conference in knowledge based and intelligent information and engineering
systems. Procedia Comput. Sci. 22, 340–348 (2013)
12. Saruwatari, T., Hoshino, T., Yamamoto, S.: Method to share responsibility knowledge of
dependability cases, 17th international conference in knowledge based and intelligent infor-
mation and engineering systems. Procedia Comput. Sci. 22, 1073–1082 (2013)
13. Chang, N., Irvan, M., Terano, T.: A TV program recommender framework, 17th International
Conference in Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems.
Procedia Comput. Sci. 22, 561–570 (2013)
14. Hunyadi, L.: Incompleteness and fragmentation in spoken language syntax and its relation to
prosody and gesturing: Cognitive processes vs. possible formal cues. In: Cognitive
Infocommunications (CogInfoCom), 2013 IEEE 4th International Conference on, 211–218.
December 2013
Contents

1 Advances in Intelligent Decision-Making Technology Support. ... 1

Jeffrey W. Tweedale, Gloria Phillips-Wren and Lakhmi C. Jain
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Decision Support System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.1 Data-Driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.2 Genetic Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.3 Neural Networks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.4 Rule Based Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.5 Fuzzy Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.6 Case Based Reasoning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.7 Machine Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3 Intelligent Decision Support System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.5 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2 Asset Management Strategies: Risk and Transaction

Costs in Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 17
Roman Šperka
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2 Literature Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3 Mathematical Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3.1 Original Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3.2 Extension of Original Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.4 JADE Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.5 Simulation Results and Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.6 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

xv
xvi Contents

3 Decision Support System for Energy Savings and Emissions

Trading in Industrial Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 31
Maria Marques and Rui Neves-Silva
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.2 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.2.1 Requirements for Decision Support Services . . . . . . . 33
3.3 Approach for Decision Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.1 Categorization of LifeSaver Decision Support. . . . . . . 35
3.4 Methodology to Support Immediate Reaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.4.1 Decision Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.5 Methodology to Support Process Reconfiguration
and ETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 38
3.5.1 Main Criteria for Process Reconfiguration
and ETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 38
3.5.2 Decision Algorithm for Process Reconfiguration
and ETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 39
3.6 Test Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 41
3.6.1 Test Case 1: Decision Support for Immediate
Reaction at Cement Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 41
3.6.2 Test Case 2: Decision Support for Process
Reconfiguration and ETS at Paint Production . . . . . . . 43
3.7 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.8 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4 A Parsimonious Radial Basis Function-Based Neural

Network for Data Classification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 49
Shing Chiang Tan, Chee Peng Lim and Junzo Watada
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 49
4.2 The Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 51
4.2.1 Radial Basis Function Network with the Dynamic
Decay Adjustment Algorithm (RBFNDDA) . . . . . . . . 51
4.2.2 Fuzzy ARTMAP (FAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.2.3 k-Harmonic Mean (k-HM) Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.2.4 The Proposed RBFNDDA-FAMHM Model . . . . . . . . 56
4.3 The Experimental Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.3.1 Performance Comparison with RBFNDDA . . . . . . . . 57
4.3.2 Performance Comparison with Other Classifiers . . . . . 58
4.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Contents xvii

5 Personalized Intelligent Mobility Platform: An Enrichment

Approach Using Social Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 61
Ruben Costa, Paulo Figueiras, Carlos Gutierrez
and Luka Bradesko
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.2 Conceptual Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
5.2.1 Technological Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.3 Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.4 Methodological Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
5.4.1 Base Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
5.4.2 Smart Graph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
5.4.3 Personalized Smart Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
5.5 Methodology for Domain Knowledge Formalization . . . . . . . . 74
5.6 Knowledge Base Vocabulary Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
5.7 Approach for Extracting Real-Time Traffic Events
from Twitter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
5.7.1 Preliminary Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
5.8 Mobile Traveling Companion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
5.9 Technological Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
5.10 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

6 Exploiting Alternative Knowledge Visualizations

and Reasoning Mechanisms to Enhance Collaborative
Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89
Spyros Christodoulou, Nikos Karacapilidis and Manolis Tzagarakis
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.2 Requirements and Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.3 Multi-criteria Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.4 The Dicode Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6.5 Collaborative Decision Making in Dicode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
6.5.1 Mind-Map View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.5.2 The Formal Argumentation View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.5.3 The Multi-criteria Decision Making View . . . . . . . . . 98
6.6 Scenario of Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
6.7 Discussion and Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

7 Decision-Making in a Distributed and Dynamically

Scalable Environments . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... 107
Jeffrey W. Tweedale
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... 107
7.2 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... 110
xviii Contents

7.3 Decision-Making Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

7.4 Intelligent Decision Support System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.5 Dynamic Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
7.6 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

8 Enhancing the Tactical Data Link Decision Support System . .... 125
Christos Sioutis
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
8.2 Network Monitoring and Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
8.3 Modelling the TDLNM Decision Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
8.4 Software Agent Design Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
8.5 Distributed Object Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
8.6 Agent Architecture Framework (AAF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
8.7 Design of the Agent-Based Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
8.8 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

9 AC3M: The Agent Coordination and Cooperation

Cognitive Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 141
Angela Consoli
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 141
9.2 Background and Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 142
9.2.1 Intelligence, Organisational Theory and Distributed
Artificial Intelligence (DAI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
9.2.2 Cognitive Science and Agency Theory . . . . . . . . . . . 145
9.2.3 Coordination and Cooperation Methodologies. . . . . . . 146
9.2.4 Coordination Methodology of AC3 M . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
9.2.5 Cooperation Methodology of AC3 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
9.3 The Methodology of AC3 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
9.3.1 Design of AC3 M’s Multi-Agent Organisation
and Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 150
9.4 Implementation of AC3 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 152
9.4.1 Multi-Agent Environment and Organisational
Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
9.4.2 Agent Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
9.5 The Frameworks of AC3 M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
9.5.1 Stimulus/Perceptor Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
9.5.2 Situational Assessment Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
9.5.3 Decisional Support Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
9.6 Linking Coordination and Cooperation in AC3 M . . . . . . . . . . 159
9.7 Application of AC3 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
9.7.1 The Need for Enhanced Team Automation
in Unmanned Vehicle Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 161
Contents xix

9.7.2 Concept of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

9.8 Conclusion and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

10 Wind Rendering in 3D Modeling Landscape Scenes . . . . ....... 169

Margarita Favorskaya and Anastasia Tkacheva
10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 169
10.2 Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 171
10.3 Tree Modeling Based on a Cloud of Laser Points
and L-System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
10.4 Algorithms of Wind Rendering in Landscape Scenes. . . . . . . . 177
10.4.1 Weak Wind Rendering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
10.4.2 Rendering of Middle Speed Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
10.4.3 Storm Rendering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
10.5 Software Tool and Experimental Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
10.6 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

11 Extending the Service Oriented Architecture to Include

a Decisional Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 185
Fatima Boumahdi and Rachid Chalal
11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
11.2 State of the Art. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
11.3 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
11.4 The Decision-Making Processes in the Organizations . . . . . . . 189
11.5 Dimensions of SOAda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
11.5.1 Conceptual Dimension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
11.5.2 Architectural Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
11.6 Case study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
11.7 Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
11.8 Conclusion and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

12 An Extended Dependability Case to Share Responsibility

Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 201
T. Saruwatari, T. Hoshino and S. Yamamoto
12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
12.2 Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
12.3 Dependability Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
12.3.1 The ‘d* Framework’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
12.4 Introduction of a Responsibility Attribute
in Dependability Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 205
12.4.1 Concept of Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 205
12.4.2 Meta Model of Responsibility Attribute . . . . . ...... 206
xx Contents

12.4.3 Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

12.4.4 Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
12.5 Discussions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
12.5.1 Organizational Structure and Dependability Cases . . . . 212
12.5.2 Actor and Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
12.5.3 Notational Extensions of d* framework . . . . . . . . . . . 213
12.5.4 Meta Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
12.5.5 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
12.5.6 Limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
12.6 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

13 Designing a Hybrid Recommendation System

for TV Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 217
Na Chang, Mhd Irvan and Takao Terano
13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
13.2 Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
13.3 Framework of TV Content Recommendation System. . . . . . . . 221
13.3.1 The Content Analysis Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
13.3.2 The User Analysis Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
13.3.3 The Preference Learning Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
13.4 Important Design Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
13.4.1 Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
13.4.2 Novelty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
13.4.3 Explanation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
13.4.4 Group Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
13.5 Final Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

14 Incompleteness and Fragmentation: Possible Formal

Cues to Cognitive Processes Behind Spoken Utterances . . . . . ... 231
L. Hunyadi, H. Kiss and I. Szekrenyes
14.1 A Generative Model of Human–Human Communication . . ... 232
14.1.1 The Scheme of the Generative
Theoretical-Technological Model . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 233
14.1.2 Structural Primitives as Minimal Building Blocks . ... 234
14.1.3 Primitives Realized as Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 234
14.1.4 Noisy Markers with Cognitive Bias
in the Decision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 234
14.2 The Annotation of Spoken Syntax of Hungarian
in the HuComTech Corpus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
14.2.1 Principles of Syntactic Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
14.2.2 The Taxonomy of Syntactic Annotation. . . . . . . . . . . 237
14.2.3 What the Syntactic Data Suggest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Contents xxi

14.3 Spoken Syntax Versus the Non-verbal Modalities

of Prosody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
14.3.1 Spoken Syntax Versus Prosody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
14.3.2 Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
14.3.3 Intonation and Intensity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
14.3.4 Establishing a More Comprehensive Relation
Between Spoken Syntax and Prosody
Beyond Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 249
14.4 Spoken Syntax Versus the Non-verbal Modality
of Gesturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 250
14.4.1 Gestures and Pauses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 251
14.4.2 The Temporal Alignment of Gestures
and Clauses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 252
14.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 255
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 256

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Contributors

Fatima Boumahdi LRDSI Laboratory, Sciences Faculty, Saad Dahlab University,

Blida, Algeria
Luka Bradesko Jozef Stefan Institute, Jubljana, Slovenia
Rachid Chalal Laboratory LMCS, Algiers, Algeria
Na Chang Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Spyros Christodoulou Computer Technology Institute & Press “Diophantus”, and
University of Patras, Rio Patras, Greece
Angela Consoli Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh,
Australia
Ruben Costa UNINOVA, Centre of Technology and Systems, Caparica, Portugal
Margarita Favorskaya Siberian State Aerospace University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Paulo Figueiras UNINOVA, Centre of Technology and Systems, Caparica,
Portugal
Carlos Gutierrez UNINOVA, Centre of Technology and Systems, Caparica,
Portugal
T. Hoshino Software Innovation Center NTT, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
L. Hunyadi University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Mhd Irvan Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Lakhmi C. Jain Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics,
University of Canberra, Belconnen, Australia
Nikos Karacapilidis Computer Technology Institute & Press “Diophantus” and
University of Patras, Rio Patras, Greece

xxiii
xxiv Contributors

H. Kiss University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

Chee Peng Lim Centre for Intelligent Systems Research, Deakin University,
Geelong, Australia
Maria Marques UNINOVA-FCT Campus, Caparica, Portugal
Rui Neves-Silva FCT-UNL-FCT Campus, Caparica, Portugal
Gloria Phillips-Wren Sellinger School of Business and Management, Loyola
University Maryland, Maryland, USA
T. Saruwatari Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University,
Nagoya, Japan; Software Innovation Center NTT, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Christos Sioutis Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, SA,
Australia
Roman Šperka School of Business Administration in Karviná, Silesian University
in Opava, Opava, Czech Republic
I. Szekrenyes University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Shing Chiang Tan Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
Takao Terano Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Anastasia Tkacheva Siberian State Aerospace University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Jeffrey W. Tweedale Aerospace Division, Defence Science and Technology
Organization, Adelaide, Australia; School of Engineering, University of South
Australia, Adelaide, Australia
Manolis Tzagarakis Computer Technology Institute & Press “Diophantus”, and
University of Patras, Rio Patras, Greece
Junzo Watada Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
S. Yamamoto Strategy Office, Information and Communications Headquarters,
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Acronyms

AAF Agent Architecture Framework

ABMS Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation
AC3M Agent Coordination and Cooperation Cognitive Model
ACL Agent Communication Language
ACT Australian Capital Territory
ADSS Adaptive Decision Support System
ADSTG Automatic Diagnosis System Based on Thyroid Gland
AHP Analytic Hierarchy Process
AHP Analytical Hierarchy Processing
AI Artificial Intelligence
AIP Advanced Information Processing
AIRS Artificial Immune Recognition System
AJAX Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
ANN Artificial Neural Network
API Application Programming Interface
APL A Programming Language Interface
ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ART Adaptive Resonance Theory
ARTMAP Adaptive Resonance Theory MAP
ATLAS Agent Transportation Layer Adaption System
ATM Automatic Teller Machine
AWB Australian Workplace Barometer
BDI Beliefs, Desires, Intentions
BISC Berkeley Initiative in Soft Computing
BPMN Business Process Management Notation
C2 Command and Control
C4ISR Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence,
Surveillance, and Reconnaissance
CATI Computer Aided Telephone Interviews
CBR Case-Based Reasoning

xxv
xxvi Acronyms

CCM CORBA Component Model

CHRIS Cognitive Hybrid Reasoning Intelligent Agent System
CI Computational Intelligence
CO-O2 Coordination and Cooperation
CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture
COT Computational Organizational Theory
COTS Commercial Off-The-Shelf
CRUD Creation, Reading, Updating, and Deleting
CSE Cognitive Systems Engineering
CWA Cognitive Work Analysis
DAI Distributed Artificial Intelligence
DAML DARPA Agent Markup Language
DAML-OIL DAML—Ontology Interface Language
DAML-OWL DAML—Ontology Web Language
DAML-S DARPA Agent Markup Language—Services
DAML-W DAML-OWL
DA Decision Analyzer
DCE Distributed Computing Environment
DCOM Distributed Component Object Model
DDA Dynamic Decay Adjustment
DDAA Dynamic Decay Adjustment Algorithm
DMoS Decisional Model of Service
DMS Data-base Management System
DOC Distributed Object Computing
DON Dicode ONtology
DPS Distributed Problem Solving
DSS Decision Support System
EC European Commission
ECC Energy Cost Centers
EIS Executive Information System
EOQ Economic Order Quantity
EP Evolutionary Programming
ES Expert System
ESTDD Expert System for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
ETS Emissions Trading Scheme
EURIDICE Euridice Knowledge Model—FP7 IP
FAM Fuzzy ARTMAP
FCA Frequency Clearance Agreement
FIPA Foundation of Intelligent Physical Agents
FL Fuzzy Logic
FMM Fast Marching Method
GA Genetic Algorithm
GDSS Group Decision Support Systems
GIS Geographic Information Systems
GP Genetic Programming
Acronyms xxvii

GPS Global Positioning System

GSN Goal Structuring Notation
GTFS Googles Generic Transit Feed Specifications
GUI Graphical User Interface
HCI Human Computer Interaction
HDD Hard Disk Drive
HM Harmonic Means
HMI Human Machine Interface
HTML Hypertext Markup Language
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
HTTPS HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure
IA Intelligent Agent
IAF Intelligent Agent Framework
I-MAS Intelligent Multi-Agent
ICD Interface Control Documents
IDC Intelligent Design Choice
IDE Integrated Development Environment
IDL Interface Description Language
IDS Intelligent Decision Support
IDSS Intelligent Decision Support System
IDT Intelligent Decision Technologies
iLand Individual-based LANdscape and Disturbance model
IMADA Intelligent Multi-Agent Decision Analyser
IMS Information Management System
INS Inertial Navigation System
IoT Internet of Things
IRR Internal Rate of Return
IS Information System
ISR Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance
IT Information Technology
ITS Intelligent Transport System
JADE Java Agent Development Framework
JTIDS Joint Tactical Information Distribution System
JWO J.W. Ostendorf GmbH & Co. KG
KA Knowledge Acquisition
KAOS Keep All Objectives Satisfied
KB Knowledge Base
KBS Knowledge Based Systems
KES Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering
Systems
KIF Knowledge Interchange Format
KM Knowledge Management
KMS Knowledge Management Systems
KQML Knowledge Query Manipulation Language
L16 Link 16
xxviii Acronyms

LC Learning Component
LDM Lexicographic Decision-Making
LISP LISt Processing
LOD Levels of Detail
LOS Line of Sight
MANET Mobile ad-hoc NETwork
MAPE-K Monitor, Analyse, Plan, Execute, and Knowledge
MAS Multi-Agent System
MAUT Multi-Attribute Utility Theory
MCDA Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
MCDM Multiple Criteria Decision-Making
MIACS Manufacturing Information and Control System
MIDS Multi-functional Information Distribution System
MI Machine Intelligence
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MTBF Mean Time Between Failure
MTTR Mean Time To Repair
NE Named Entity
NER Named Entity Recognition
NLP Natural Language Processing
NMS Network Management System
NN Neural Network
NPV Net Present Value
NSW New South Wales
NT Northern Territory
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
OLAP Online Analytical Processing
OMG Object Management Group
OODA Observe-Orient-Decide-Act
OPM Option Performance Matrix
OSM Open Street Maps
OWL Ontology Web Language
OWL-S OWL-Services
PAI Parallel Artificial Intelligence
PDA Personal Digital Assistant
PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PNN Probabilistic Neural Network
RAM Random Access Memory
RBF Radial Basis Function
RBFN Radial Basis Function Network
RBFNDDA RBFNN trained with DDA
RBFNN Radial Basis Function Neural Network
RCEN Restricted Coulomb Energy Network
RF Radio Frequency
RMI Remote Method Invocation
Acronyms xxix

RP Risk Percentage
RPC Remote Procedure Call
RVV Relative Value Vectors
SA South Australia
SCA Space Colonization Algorithm
SD Standard Deviation
SIDATE Supervised Interoperable Dynamic Agent Teaming Environment
SOAda Service-Oriented Architecture with decisional aspect
SoaML Service-Oriented architecture Modeling Language
SOA Service-Oriented Architecture
SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
SVM Support Vector Machine
TAS Tasmania
TDL Tactical Data Link
TDLNM TDL Network Manager
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TIDS Tactical Information Distribution System
TNC Trust, Negotiation, Communication
TSDF Time Slot Duty Factor
UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
UE-FTT EU–Financial Transaction Tax
UML Unified Modeling Language
UPnP Universal Plug and Play
URI Uniform Resource Identifier
VFM Vector FM
WA Western Australia
WBC Wisconsion Breast Cancer
Web-MAT Web-based Multi-Agent System Test-bed
WSDL Web-Services Description Language
WSM Weighted Sum Model
WWW World Wide Web
XML eXtensible Markup Language
Chapter 1
Advances in Intelligent Decision-Making
Technology Support

Jeffrey W. Tweedale, Gloria Phillips-Wren and Lakhmi C. Jain

Abstract A succession of data-bases, Advanced Information Processing (AIP) and

Intelligent Decision-Making Technologies (IDT) have evolved rapidly over the past
five decades. This cumulative evolution of Intelligent Decision Support Systems
(IDSSs) has served to stimulate industrial activity and enhanced the lives of most
people that the modern world. This publication highlights a series of current contri-
butions to enhance the collective body of knowledge. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and
Computational Intelligence (CI) techniques continue to be successfully employed
to generate human-like decision-making, while simultaneously providing greater
access to information to solve data intensive problems. This book documents inno-
vative contributions that represent advances in Knowledge-Based and Intelligent
Information and Engineering Systems. New research recognises that society is famil-
iar with modern AIP and increasingly expect richer IDT systems. Today there is a
growing reliance on automatically processing information into knowledge with less
human input. Society has already digitised its past and continues to progressively
automate knowledge management for the future and increasingly expect to access this
information using mobile devices. This book seeks to inform and enhance the
exposure of research on intelligent systems and intelligence technologies that utilize

J.W. Tweedale (B)

School of Engineering,
University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
e-mail: jeffrey.tweedale@unisa.edu.au
J.W. Tweedale
Defence Science and Technology Organization,
Edinburgh, Adelaide, Australia
e-mail: jeffrey.tweedale@dsto.defence.gov.au
G. Phillips-Wren
Sellinger School of Business and Management, Loyola University Maryland,
Maryland, USA
e-mail: gwren@loyola.edu
L.C. Jain
Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics,
University of Canberra, Belconnen, Australia
e-mail: lakhmi.jain@canberra.edu.au

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 1

J.W. Tweedale et al. (eds.), Intelligent Decision Technology
Support in Practice, Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies 42,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-21209-8_1
2 J.W. Tweedale et al.

novel and leading-edge techniques to improve decision-making. Each chapter con-

centrates on the theory, design, development, implementation, testing or evalua-
tion of IDT techniques or applications. These approaches have the potential to sup-
port decision making in the areas of management, international business, finance,
accounting, marketing, healthcare, production, networks, traffic management, crisis
response, human interfaces and, military applications. All fourteen chapters repre-
sent a broad spread of topics across the domain and highlight how research is being
realised to benefit society. Students, professionals and interested observers within
the knowledge-based and intelligent information management domain will benefit
from the diversity and richness of the content.

Keywords Artificial intelligence · Computational intelligence · Data ·

Decision-making · Decision support · Information · Intelligence · Knowledge ·
Wisdom

1.1 Introduction

When McCarthy developed LISP, it enabled Bachman to create the first information
data storage system [1]. Although this research stimulated the creation of the first
Database Management System (DMS), Feigenbaum quickly exploited the technique
to apply constraints within a prescribed search space. This Decision Support System
(DSS) employed Heuristic techniques to explain experimental data in organic chem-
istry. Buchhanan and Lederberg reported the benefits of this Heuristic DENDRAL
program in 1971 [2].1 DMSs were used to collect, fuse and analyze data in order
to aggregate information and ultimately generate knowledge. The context influences
the technique used. These typically included: communication-driven, data-driven,
document-driven, knowledge-driven and model-driven architecture. This era was
accompanied with an expansion in research into a variety of intelligent decision sup-
port systems that where created to derive greater confidence in the decision being
generated [3].
After the introduction of desktop computers in the mid-eighties, most Intelligent
Decision-Making Technologies (IDT) research involved the progressive use of tech-
nology to collect and interpret data, prior to translating this into information based on
‘folk law’ or ‘symbology’. The wealth of data continues to become unwieldy, forc-
ing researchers to explore data-mining, warehousing and Knowledge Based Systems
(KBS), however the key research domains remained focused on problem solving
using formal/structured or reasoning systems [4]. This era was accompanied with an
expansion in research into a variety of intelligent decision support systems that were
created to derive greater confidence in the decision being generated [3]. The growing

1 The term DENDRAL originally stood for ‘DENDRitic ALgorithm’. This invoked a procedure

engaged in exhaustive topologically search used to arrange any given set of atoms into a consistent
configuration based on their chemical valence.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
Tanis, 259

Tardinghen, 96, 98

Tarwelant, 120

Tate, 98

Tatinga villa, 97

Tatinghem, 97

de Tavernier, 140

Teade, 230

Teake, 223

Teakele, 214

Teatske, 220, 223

Teetaert, 144, 145

Tegelbakkers (Teghelbackers) van Stekene, 71, 77

Teirlynck, 137

Tem, Tamkje, 185

de Temmaeker, 134

Temmerman, 139

Temseke, Theemsche, 71, 73, 81

Ternaard, 36

Ter Oele, 237

Terpsma, 245

Terpstra, 237
Tet, Tette, Tetsje, 230

Tétar, 145

Tethard, 145, 201

Tetman, 201

Tetta, 230

Texbrighe, 121

Texel, 63, 83, 89

Thalheim, 126

Theekisten van Binnewijzend, 63

Theemsche, Temseke, 71, 73, 81

Theodo, 230

Theresia, 210

Thetinga-sate, 239

Thé-unken van Hindeloopen, 29

Thiadlef, 201

Thiadlindis, 201

Thiadmar, 253

Thiadrik, Theodorik, 202, 249

Thieda, Theoda, 231

Thiedhart, 236

Thiedo, 230 [324]

Thijs, 228
Thjeunken en Thjoaten van Hindeloopen, 29

Thomas, Maes, 179

Thomas Mesmaker, 269

Thomas Schleyswick, 257, 271

Thoolnaars van Reppelmonde, 77

Thorbodessem, Thorbodeshem, 127

Thorbodo, 127

Thorhout, Thorout, 77, 78

Thorigny, 110

Thunum, 57

Tialcke-moer, 264

Tialle Hanss, 259

Tiard Bauckez, Tjaard Baukes, 258

Tiard Burmannie, Tjaard Burmania, 257, 260, 261

Tiard, Tyard, Tyaert, Tsjaerd (Tjaard), 273

Tibbaert, 146

Tiberius, 207

Tiebbe, Tsjebbe (Tjebbe), 262, 273

Tiede, 212, 230

Tielman, 194

Tienen, 73

Tiensma, 237
Tiepke, Tsjepke (Tjepke), 273

Tiepke Jelles, 259

Tierck, Tsjerk (Tjerk), 273

Tierck Scherrier, 268

Tierck Tapper, 268

Tierssoene, 147

Tiete, 212, 221, 225, 228, 230

Tiethe Tiercks, Tiete Tjerks, 258

Tietje, 231

Tietjerk, 36

Tillema, 239

Timen, 227

Timotheus, 227

Tine, Tynke, 217, 251

Tisselt, 72

Titus, 225, 228

Tjadmer, 253

Tjeerdsma, 236

Tjeeunken, Tjeunken van Hindeloopen, 14, 29

Tjokkers van Arendonk, 72

Tobbedounsers (Tobbedansers) van Harlingen, 5, 14

Toddington, 129
Todincthun, 103, 106, 129

Toerkefretters van Wirdum, 36, 50

Toermjitters van Oldeboorn, 34, 40

Tolle, 212, 249

Tollenaere, 140

Toovenaars van Schiedam, 66, 67, 71

Tooverheksen van Onkerzeele, 71, 73

Top, 134

Torenblusschers van Neerpelt, 73

Torenkruiers van Zierikzee, 67

Totendal, 117

Tourlincthun, 103

Traanbokken van de Helder, 63, 89

Tramezeele, 113

Treeske, 210

Trelinghem, 97

Trensaert, 144

Treutenaere, 134

Troelstra, 237

Trossaert, 144

Trotters van Desteldonk, 73

Truy, 132
Trye-hoarne-finne, 120

Tryn, 274

Trynes, 185

Tryn Gaeles, 264

Tryn Gernants, 264, 276

Tryn Heyndricks, 258

Tryn Hermane, 260, 261, 264

Tryntsje (Trijntje), 217, 228, 250

Tserclaes, 147

Tservranckx, 147

Tsjaerd (Tjaard), 202, 235

Tsjaerda (Tjaarda), 235

Tsjalf, Thiadlef (Tjalf), 201

Tsjalke (Tjalke), 215

Tsjalle (Tjalle), 212

Tsjalling (Tjalling), 126, 127, 216, 227, 272

Tsjamke, Tzamck (Tjamke), 273

Tsjamme (Tjamme), 212, 253

Tsjeard (Tjeerd), 202, 236

Tsjeardtsje (Tjeerdje), 217, 250

Tsjebbe (Tjebbe), 212

Tsjepke (Tjepke), 215

Tsjerne (Tjerne), 202

Tsjerk (Tjerk), 202, 205

Tsjerkebûrren (Kerkeburen), 292

Tsjetske (Tjetske), 250

Tsjettelfeart (Ketelvaart), 291

Tsjibbe (Tjibbe), 207

Tsjiisfordounsers (Kaasverdansers), van Grouw 36, 41

Tsjitse (Tjitse), 215, 221, 230

Tjitske (Tjitske), 250

Tsjitte (Tjitte), 212, 221, 225, 230

Tsjoaten van Hindeloopen, 29

Tsjoensters van Molkwerum, 36, 48, 67, 71

Tubersent, 127

Tulen van Wieringen, 63

Tunsingers van Cleverns, 57

de Turck, 143

Turken van den Andel, 56, 71

Turken van Glabbeek, 71, 73

Turken van Opperdoes, 63, 71

Turnhout, 71, 72

Tuuschers van Theemsche, 81

Twisk, 63 [325]
Tyalle Smid, 267

Tyalle, Tsjalle (Tjalle), 273

Tyatye Martena, 274

Tyburn, 117

Tyesse Mennes, 258

Tyesse, Thyesse, Tsjesse (Tjesse), 273

Tyeths moer, 264

Tynke, Tine, 217

Tzalingh, 272, 273

Tzalingh Tiebbez (Tjalling Tjebbes), 258

Tzem, Tsjam (Tjam), 273, 274

Tzomme, 273

Tzomme Backer, 266

Tzum, Tjum, 34, 40

Ubbo, 221

Ublant, 202

Ubo, 229

Uddel, 60

Udeman van Thefelen, 181, 190

Udeman, Udo, 190, 194

Uffo, 115

Ugo, 233
Uilen van Hindeloopen, 30

Uilen van Jisp, 63

Uilen van Lutjebroek, 63

Uilen van Wormer, 63

Uilke, Uiltje, Uiltzen, 230

Uitgeest, 63

Uke, 250

Ulbern, 202

Ulfbold, 201

Ulo, 230

Umberto, 169

Une, 235

Unia, Uninga, 235

Upen, 127

Upke Scutefergier, 269

Upke Smidt, 266

Ureterp, 34

Ursem, 63

Ursula-klooster, -poel (Sinte), 281, 282

Uskwerd, 56

Utrecht, 62

Utrechtsche Vlamingen van de vier Ambachten, 81

Uulke (Uilke), 220

Uulkje (Uilkje), 250

Uultsen, 221

Vaartkapoenen van Willebroek, 73

Vachtploters van Poperingen, 81

Vachtpluckers van Poperynghe, 76, 79, 81

de Valck, 143

Valkenberge, 116

Valom, 36

Van Acker, 134

— Altema, 153

— Assen, 236

— Cauwenberghe, 134

— Cuyck, 138

— den Abeele, 134

— — Kerckove, 134

— der Colme, 134

— — Veene, 134

— de Velde, 134

— — Walle, 134

— Eeke, 134

— Elslandt, 134
— Graefschepe, 134

— Heeghe, 134

Vanpoel Venpoel, 128

Van Velsen, 236

Varinckdorschers van Baardeghem, 73

Veenwouden, 36

Veesaert, 144

Venloo, 67

Verbout Boeckbinder, 269

Verclytte, 134

Vergrietens, 185

Vergulder, 139

Verlincthun, 103

Verstavel, 134

Verwaten lieden van Werveke, 81

Verzeylders van Heyst, 77

Veurne, Vuerne, 76, 78

Victor, 159, 204

Vier-Ambachten, 81

Vierberg, 116

Vierhornstic, 120

Vijfeiken, van Vijfeyken, Vijfeyken, 180

Vijgen van Enkhuizen, 63

de Vincke, 143

Vinckevleugel, 134

Vincquestraet, 120

Vinken van Broek in Waterland, 63

Virginie, Virse, 150

de Vis, 143

Vischteven van Egmond aan Zee, 63, 64

de Visscher, 140

Visschers van Blankenberghe, 77

Visschers van Mariakerke, 71, 73

Vitringa, 113

Vlaardingen, 66, 67

Vlasblooters van Zele, 77

Vlashalen van Oude-Bildtzijl, 36

Vleeschauwer, 140

Vleesch-eters van Driel, 60, 61

Vleet van Vlaardingen, 66, 67

Vleurinck, 146

Vliegenvangers van Ronse, 73, 79

Vlieghe, 143

de Vliegher, 141
Vlodorp, Vloedorp, 189

de Vogelaere, de Voghelaere, 140

Volbringen, Folkbrechtingen, 278

Volckeryk, 167

Volckrik, 146, 164, 166

Volkaerts, 278

Volkering, 278

Volkerinkhove, 278

Volkers, 278

Volkerswurth, 279

Volkert, 100, 146

Volk van Klaas Kompaan van Oostzaan, 63

Volkwardingen, 279

Vollbeding, 278

Vollmaringen, 278

Volmerinck, Volmerink, 278

Volquardtsen, 278

Voorvechters van Cassele, 76, 78, 82

de Vos, 134, 143

Vranck, 189

Vranck van den Dyck, 181, 189

 Colofon
Beschikbaarheid

Dit eBoek is voor kosteloos gebruik door iedereen overal, met vrijwel
geen beperkingen van welke soort dan ook. U mag het kopiëren,
weggeven of hergebruiken onder de voorwaarden van de Project
Gutenberg Licentie in dit eBoek of on-line op www.gutenberg.org ↗️.

Dit eBoek is geproduceerd door het on-line gedistribueerd

correctieteam op www.pgdp.net ↗️.

Metadata

Titel: Studiën in Nederlandsche

namenkunde
Auteur: Johan Winkler (1840–1916) Info ↗️
Aanmaakdatum bestand: 2023-09-19 19:51:34 UTC
Taal: Nederlands (Spelling De Vries-Te
Winkel)
Oorspronkelijke 1900
uitgiftedatum:

Codering

Dit boek is weergegeven in oorspronkelijke schrijfwijze. Afgebroken

woorden aan het einde van de regel zijn stilzwijgend hersteld.
Kennelijke zetfouten in het origineel zijn verbeterd. Deze
verbeteringen zijn aangegeven in de colofon aan het einde van dit
boek.

Documentgeschiedenis
 2023-07-12 Begonnen.

Verbeteringen

De volgende verbeteringen zijn aangebracht in de tekst:

Bladzijde Bron Verbetering Bewerkingsafstand

1, 200 ) [Verwijderd] 1
4 Roermonde Roermond 1
5, 15, 31,
45, 91,
92, 196,
265, 265 » „ 1
7 Dumkefretters Dúmkefretters 1/0
7, 134,
160, 177,
188, 188,
314 [Niet in bron] ) 1
8 stotte slotte 1
15 halbertsma Halbertsma 1
19 krijgstropeeën krijgstropheeën 1
Passim. [Niet in bron] , 1
20 vind vindt 1
23 ”. .” 2
24 ik it 1
25 [Niet in bron] ” 1
27 eenigsten eenigen 2
31, 44,
47, 67,
261 [Niet in bron] „ 1
32 vroolike vroolijke 1
38, 43 huisselijk huiselijk 1
39 diere-
mishandeling dierenmishandeling 1
43 huisselijke huiselijke 1
48 ’ ” 1
53 nram naam 1
55 volk volks 1
60 Nymegen Nijmegen 2
64, 75,
100, 230,
233 , . 1
69, 96,
128, 215,
215, 233,
249, 258,
283 [Niet in bron] . 1
69 Hoogditsche Hoogduitsche 1
69 . [Verwijderd] 1
73, 111,
113, 162,
312 ; , 1
76 Curtijcke Curtrijcke 1
78, 137,
258, 307,
316, 317,
321 . , 1
78 ven van 1
78 Sint-Anna-ter Sint-Anna-ter-
Muiden Muiden 1
95 Saint-Pierre-lez- Saint-Pierre-les-
Calais Calais 1
95, 158,
266, 271,
283 eenigste eenige 2
99 artesischen Artesischen 1
108 omstuimige onstuimige 1
110 gehuchtbeteeken
t gehucht beteekent 2
112 l’ Homme l’Homme 1
112 [Niet in bron] zijn 5
115 [Niet in bron] een 4
131 huisselijken huiselijken 1
145, 177 [Niet in bron] ( 1
152 s’ ’s 2
154 Glocestershire Gloucestershire 1
157 mansnaams mansnaam 1
158 vermeld vermeldt 1
161 , ( 2
164 Zurich Zürich 1/0
179, 182 weèr weêr 1/0
180 waneer wanneer 1
180, 180,
181, 181 : ; 1
181 [Niet in bron] ; 1
183 weer weêr 1/0
187 opstellen op stellen 1
193 éen één 1/0
197 voor namen voornamen 1
199 Mitthei ungen Mittheilungen 1
201 ( [Verwijderd] 1
213 aanhangels aanhangsels 1
214 [Niet in bron] º 1
222 aeuglein äuglein 2/1
222 der den 1
229, 230 , [Verwijderd] 1
234 [Niet in bron] m. 2
240 bakkeF bakker 1
254 navorscheren navorschen 2
260 Kaminga Kamminga 1
270 immmers immers 1
290 Over-Flakee Over-Flakkee 1
290 Flakeesche Flakkeesche 1
294 Allaart Allaert 1
298 237 238 1
298 Bernlof Bernlef 1
300 Maesschalck Maesschalk 1
306 Hamersna Hamersma 1
312 Termunten Ter Munten 2
312 Koog-aan Koog aan 1
316 Oenze Oentje 2
317 Pelinctun Pelincthun 1
319, 319 - [Verwijderd] 1
321 76 77 1
323 Sint—Quintens- Sint-Quintens-
Lennik Lennik 1
325 Denpoel Venpoel 1

Afkortingen

Overzicht van gebruikte afkortingen.

Afkorting Uitgeschreven
d.i. dat is
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK STUDIËN IN
NEDERLANDSCHE NAMENKUNDE ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions

will be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.

copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright
in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and
distribute it in the United States without permission and without
paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General
Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and
distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the
PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project
Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if
you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the
trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the
Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is
very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such
as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and
printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in
the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright
law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially
commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE