Soal

Diketahui : Kons. Portal bertingkat tidak bergoyang (lihat gambar)

Ditanyakan :Hitung Momen desain

q2 = 600 kg/m' P2 = 600 kg

D
4 3
q1 = 600 kg/m'
P1 = 600 kg 3 m

A
1 2

4 m

B C

3 m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 m

Penyelesaian:
Data beban Dimensi balok = 0.3 x 0.5 m
q1 = 600 kg/m' Dimensi kolom = 0.3 x 0.7 m
q2 = 600 kg/m'
P1 = 600 kg
P2 = 600 kg

1. Menghitung kekakuan (K)

I 1/12 x 0.3 x 0.5 ³ I 1/12 x0.3 x 0.7 ³

K1A = = K1B = =
L 3 L 4
= 0.001 m³ / 0.001 m³ = 0.002144 m³ / 0.001 m³
= 1.042 = 2.144
I 1/12 x 0.3 x 0.5 ³ I 1/12 x 0.3 x 0.7 ³
K12 = = K23 = =
L 4 L 3
= 0.000781 m³ / 0.001 m³ = 0.002858 m³ / 0.001 m³
= 0.781 = 2.858
I 1/12 x 0.3 x 0.7 ³ K32 = 2.858
K14 = =
L 3 I 1/12 x 0.3 x 0.7 ³
K2C = =
= 0.002858 m³ / 0.001 m³ L 4
= 2.858 = 0.002144 m³ / 0.001 m³
K41 = 2.858 = 2.144
K21 = 0.781
 I 1/12 x 0.3 x 0.5 ³
K34 = =
L 4
= 0.000781 m³ / 0.001 m³
= 0.781
K43 = 0.781
I 1/12 x 0.3 x 0.5 ³
K3D = =
L 4
= 0.000781 m³ / 0.001 m³
= 0.781

2. Menghitung Momen primer (M̅ )

□ Batang A1 □ Batang 43
M̅1A = 1/12 x q x L ² M̅34 = 1/12 x q x L ²
= 1/12 x 600 x 3 ² = 1/12 x 600 x 4 ²
= 450 kgm = 800 kgm
M̅A1 = -450 kgm M̅43 = -800 kgm

□ Batang 12 □ Batang 3D
P x a x b ² P x a x b ²
M̅21 = M̅D3 =
L ² L ²
600 x 2 x 2 ² 600 x 2 x 2 ²
= =
4 ² 4 ²
= 300 kgm = 300 kgm
M̅12 = -300 kgm M̅3D = -300 kgm

τ1 = M̅1A + M̅12 τ3 = M̅ 34 + M̅ 3D
= 450 + -300 = 800 + -300
= 150 kgm = 500 kgm

τ2 = M̅ 21 τ4 = M̅ 43
= 300 kgm = -800 kgm

3. Menghitung ρ,ϒ dan m°

Menghitung ρ

ρ1 = K1A + K1B + K12 + K14 x 2 ρ3 = K32 + K3D + K34 x 2

= 1.042 + 2.144 + 0.781 + 2.858 x 2 = 2.858 + 0.781 + 0.7812 x 2
= 13.65 = 8.842

ρ2 = K21 + K2C + K23 x 2 ρ4 = K43 + K41 x 2

= 0.781 + 2.144 + 2.858 x 2 = 0.781 + 2.858 x 2
= 11.57 = 7.279
Menghitung ϒ

K1A 1.042 K32 2.858

ϒ1A = = = 0.076 ϒ32 = = = 0.323
ρ1 13.65 ρ3 8.842

K1B 2.144 K3D 0.781

ϒ1B = = = 0.157 ϒ3D = = = 0.088
ρ1 13.65 ρ3 8.842

K12 0.781 K34 0.781

ϒ12 = = = 0.057 ϒ34 = = = 0.088
ρ1 13.65 ρ3 8.842

K14 2.858 K41 2.858

ϒ14 = = = 0.209 ϒ41 = = = 0.393
ρ1 13.65 ρ4 7.279

K21 0.781 K43 0.781

ϒ21 = = = 0.068 ϒ43 = = = 0.107
ρ2 11.57 ρ4 7.279

K2C 2.144
ϒ2C = = = 0.185
ρ2 11.57

K23 2.858
ϒ23 = = = 0.247
ρ2 11.57

Menghitung m°

τ1 τ3
m1° = - m3° = -
ρ1 ρ3
150 500
= - = -
13.65 8.841666667
= -11 = -56.55

τ2 τ4
m2° = - m4° = -
ρ2 ρ4
300 -800
= - = -
11.56666667 7.279166667
= -25.94 = 109.9
4. Pemberesan Momen
Pemberesan Momen dimulai secara berurutan mulai dari titik (1) ke titik (2),(3),(4) dan kembali
ke titik (1),(2),(3),(4) dan seterusnya

Langkah 1
m1' = m1° + - ϒ12 x m2° + - ϒ14 x m4°
= -11 + - 0.057 x -25.94 + - 0.209 x 109.9
= -32.52

m2' = m2° + - ϒ21 x m1' + - ϒ23 x m3°

= -25.94 + - 0.068 x -32.52 + - 0.247 x -56.55
= -9.766

m3' = m3° + - ϒ32 x m2' + - ϒ34 x m4°

= -56.55 + - 0.323 x -9.766 + - 0.088 x 109.9
= -63.1

m4' = m4° + - ϒ43 x m3' + - ϒ41 x m1'

= 109.9 + - 0.107 x -63.1 + - 0.393 x -32.52
= 129.4

Perhitungan secara skematis dilakukan sesuai dengan rumusan yang telah diuraikan
sebelumnya, seperti berikut ini:

m1° = -11 m2° = -25.94 m3° = -56.55 m4° = 109.9

m1' = -32.52 m2' = -9.766 m3' = -63.1 m4' = 129.4
m1² = -37.54 m2² = -7.807 m3² = -65.46 m4² = 131.7
m1³ = -38.11 m2³ = -7.185 m3³ = -65.86 m4³ = 131.9
m1⁴ = -38.21 m2⁴ = -7.08 m3⁴ = -65.92 m4⁴ = 132
m1⁵ = -38.22 m2⁵ = -7.065 m3⁵ = -65.93 m4⁵ = 132
m1⁶ = -38.22 m2⁶ = -7.063 m3⁶ = -65.93 m4⁶ = 132
m1⁷ = -38.22 m2⁷ = -7.063 m3⁷ = -65.93 m4⁷ = 132

5. Momen Desain
Titik kumpul 1
M1A = K1A 2 m1⁷ + mA° + M̅ 1A
= 1.042 2 -38.22 + 0 + 450
= 370.3682 kg m

M1B = K1B 2 m1⁷ + mB° + M̅ 1B

= 2.144 2 -38.22 + 0 + 0
= -163.8822 kg m
M12 = K12 2 m1⁷ + m2⁷ + M̅ 12
= 0.781 2 -38.22 + -7.063 + -300
= -365.2414 kg m
 M14= K14 2 m1⁷ + m4⁷ + M̅ 14
= 2.858 2 -38.22 + 132 + 0
= 158.756 kg m
ΔM1 = 0 (OK)

Titik kumpul 2
M21 = K21 2 m2⁷ + m1⁷ + #REF!
= 0.781 2 -7.063 + -38.22 + 300
= 259.1029 kg m

M2C = K2C 2 m2⁷ + mC° + M̅ 2C

= 2.144 2 -7.063 + 0 + 0
= -30.28048 kg m

M23 = K23 2 m2⁷ + m3⁷ + M̅ 23

= 2.858 2 -7.063 + -65.93 + 0
= -228.823 kg m
ΔM2 = -0.000591
Titik kumpul 3
M32 = K32 2 m3⁷ + m2⁷ + M̅ 32
= 2.858 2 -65.93 + -7.063 + 0
= -397.0851 kg m

M3D = K3D 2 m3⁷ + mD° + M̅ 3D

= 0.781 2 -65.93 + 0 + -300
= -403.0152 kg m

M34= K34 2 m3⁷ + m4⁷ + M̅ 34

= 0.781 2 -65.93 + 132 + 800
= 800.1004 kg m
ΔM3 = 0.000125

Titik kumpul 4
M43 = K43 2 m4⁷ + m3⁷ + M̅ 43
= 0.781 2 132 + -65.93 + -800
= -645.2764 kg m
M41 = K41 2 m4⁷ + m1⁷ + M̅ 41
= 2.858 2 132 + -38.22 + 0
= 645.2764 kg m
ΔM4 = 0
Titik A
MA1 = KA1 2 mA° + m1⁷ + M̅ A1
= 0 2 0 + -38.22 + -450
= -450 kg m
Titik B
MB1 = KB1 2 mB° + m1⁷ + M̅ B1
= 0 2 0 + -38.22 + 0
= 0
Titik C
MC2 = KC2 2 mC° + m2⁷ + M̅ C2
= 0 2 0 + -7.063 + 0
= 0
Titik D
MD3 = KD3 2 mD° + m3⁷ + M̅ D3
= 0 2 0 + -65.93 + 300
= 300 kg m
Diagram Freebody

M43 M34 M3D MD3

M41 M32

M14 M23

MA1 M1A M12 M21

M1B M2C

MB1 MC2
 Tabel Momen di joint dan tumpuan
Titik Momen Nilai Satuan
M1A 370.3682 kg m
M1B -163.8822 kg m
1
M12 -365.2414 kg m
M14 158.756 kg m
#REF! #REF! kg m
2 #REF! #REF! kg m
#REF! #REF! kg m
#REF! #REF! kg m
3 #REF! #REF! kg m
#REF! #REF! kg m
#REF! #REF! kg m
4
#REF! #REF! kg m
A MA1 -450 kg m
B MB1 0 kg m
C MC2 0 kg m
D MD3 300 kg m

6. Reaksi Perletakan
□ Tinjau Batang A-1 □ Tinjau Batang B-1
VA = 926.5 HB = -41
V1 = 873.5 H1 = 40.97
□ Tinjau Batang 1-2 □ Tinjau Batang C-2
V1 = #REF! HC = #REF!
V2 = #REF! H2 = #REF!
□ Tinjau Batang 4-3 □ Tinjau Batang 1-4
V4 = #REF! H1 = #REF!
V3 = #REF! H4 = #REF!
□ Tinjau Batang 3-D □ Tinjau Batang 2-3
V3 = #REF! H2 = #REF!
VD = #REF! H3 = #REF!

7. Perhitungan M,D,N

Lintang (D)
□ Batang A-1-2 □ Batang 4-3-D □ Batang B-1-4
DAkanan = 926.5 D4kanan = #REF! DBkanan = -41
D1kiri = -873 D3kiri = #REF! D1kanan = #REF!
D1kanan = #REF! D3kanan = #REF! D4kanan = #REF!
D2kiri = #REF! DDkiri = #REF!
D2kanan = #REF! DDkanan = #REF!

□ Batang C-2-3
 DCkanan = #REF!
D2kanan = #REF!
D3kanan = #REF!

Normal (N)

N 1-4 = #REF! (Tekan)

N B-1 = #REF! (Tekan)
N 3-2 = #REF! (Tekan)
N 3-3 = #REF! (Tekan)
N A-1 = #REF! (Tarik)
N 1-2 = #REF! (Tekan)
N 4-3 = #REF! (Tarik)
N 3-d = #REF! (Tekan)

Momen (M)

□ Batang A-1
Mx = VA . x - 1/2 . q1 . x ²
= 926.5 . x - 1/2 . 600 . x ²
= 926.5 . x - 300 . x ²
Dx = 926.5 - 600 . x
Dx = 0
x = 1.544 m dari A
Mmaks. = 715.403 kg m

□ Batang 4-3
Mx = V4 . x - 1/2 . q2 . x ²
= #REF! . x - 1/2 . 600 . x ²
= #REF! . x - 300 . x ²
Dx = #REF! - 600 . x
Dx = 0
x = #REF! m dari A
Mmaks. = #REF! kg m

□ Batang 1-2
Mmaks. = V1 x 2
= #REF! x 2
= #REF! kg m

□ Batang 3-D
Mmaks. = V3 x 2
= #REF! x 2
= #REF! kg m