A souvenir (from French, for a remembrance or memory), memento, keepsake or token of remembrance is an object a person acquires for the

memories the owner associates with it. The term souvenir brings to mind the mass produced kitsch that is the main commodity of souvenir and gift shops in many tourist traps around the world. But a souvenir can be any object that can be collected or purchased and transported home by the traveler. The object itself has no real significance other than the psychological connection the possessor has with the object as a symbol of past experience. Without the owner's input, the object's meaning is invisible and cannot be articulated. Travelers may buy souvenirs as gifts for those who did not make the trip. Souvenirs as objects include mass-produced merchandise such as clothing: T-shirts and hats; collectables: postcards, refrigerator magnets, miniature figures; household items: mugs, bowls, plates, ashtrays, egg timers, spoons, notepads plus many others. Souvenirs also include nonmass-produced items like folk art, handicrafts and antiques, and non-commercial items such as natural objects, and anything else that a person attaches nostalgic value to and collects among his personal belongings Camping is an outdoor recreation activity. The participants (known as campers) leave in urban their home region, or civilization and enjoy nature while spending one or several nights outdoors, usually at a campsite. Camping may involve the use of tent , caravan, motorhome, cabin, a primitive structure, or no shelter at all. In many parts of the world , 'camping' refers exclusively to the use of tents or similar portable structures Camping as a recreational activity became popular in the early 20th century . Campers frequent national or state parks, other publicly own natural areas, and privately owned campgrounds. Camping is a key part of the program of many youth organizations around the world, such as scouting. It is used to teach self-reliance and team work Camping resorts" can range in style from rustic-opulent to rustic-for-real, but in general you may find these features: swimming pools and playgrounds activities such as canoeing, horse-riding, etc. kids programs in summer time a variety of lodging options, including cabins and bungalows. Other choices might be: canvas tents with cots; tent-bungalows with cooking facilities; "park model" portable units in cabin styles.

 the informal sector or informal economy as defined by governments, scholars, banks, etc. is the part of an economy that is not taxed, monitored by any form of government, or included in any gross national product (GNP), unlike the formal economy In developing countries, some 60% of the potential working population earn their living in the informal sector The term informal sector was used in many earlier studies, and has been mostly replaced in more recent studies which use the newer term. The English idioms under the table and off the books typically refer to this type of economy
Dimension Informal sectors in tourism

Aspects easier for job seeker to get work. Hierarchically organized labor force in the establishments of formal sectors Reproduces socio-economic in equalities prevalent in a society Establish older employ Less mechanised tecniques

ESSENTIALS OF COMMUNICATION Dos Always think ahead about what you are going to say. Use simple words and phrases that are understood by every body. Increase your knowledge on all subjects you are required to speak. Speak clearly and audibly. Check twice with the listener whether you have been understood accurately or not In case of an interruption, always do a little recap of what has been already said. Always pay undivided attention to the speaker while listening. While listening, always make notes of important points. Always ask for clarification if you have failed to grasp others point of view. Repeat what the speaker has said to check whether you have understood accurately. DONTS

Do not instantly react and mutter something in anger. Do not use technical terms & terminologies not understood by majority of people. Do not speak too fast or too slow. Do not assume that every body understands you. While listening do not glance here and there as it might distract the speaker. Do not interrupt the speaker. Do not jump to the conclusion that you have understood every thing.

 A Street Guide helps in planning, organising & conducting various kinds of tours & trips for individuals and groups. A guide plans the itinerary applying knowledge of countryside to determine best routes and sites. A Guide helps in arrangements of transport, hotels, meals, tickets and offers information on history, culture, religion and society of the visiting places. duties of a Guide? India Tourist guides are an essential part of the Indian tourism industry. A tourist guide conducts organised tours for groups of tourists in a wide range of locations throughout India. A tourist guide informs and explains visitors about India heritage sites, history, culture, religion, social and attractions such as stately homes, monuments, wildlife, museums, archaeological sites, etc. Adventure Tour Guide - Adventure tour guides need to be fit and full of energy. Activities include high-energy thrills like parachuting, hang-gliding, zip-lining and mountain climbing. Nightlife Tour Guide - Besides being able to handle a wild inebriated group of customers, a nightlife guide should also know where the hot spots are and how to get the best deals. Historical Tour Guide - A very strong understanding of the history of the area is require Nature Tour Guide - Nature guides provide tours of plants and wildlife. They need a strong understanding of biology and must be knowledgeable of the dangers in the area. Food Tour Guide - 'Food tour guides' provide culinary tours. They require a deep understanding of food, not only from the perspective of an enthusiast, but also from the perspective of their customers. Qualities of a guide Have a clear voice and self-confidence when speaking in public . Be enthusiastic and knowledgeable about their subject. Be able to absorb and remember large amounts of information . Be aware and able to keep track of people in the group . Be flexible to cope with emergencies or unexpected incidents . Have patience . Provide a high standard of customer service . Have fluency in another language or languages, if working with non-english speaking tourists.