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Chapter 5 Water and Solution

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* What is acid?? A chemical substances that has hydrogen

atom, whose in aqueous solutions are characterized by:a sour taste the ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals to form salts.

1. 2. 3.

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* What is alkali?? A chemical substances that has hydroxide

atom, whose in aqueous solutions are characterized by:a bitter taste the ability to turn red litmus blue, and the ability to react with acid and certain metals to form salts.

1. 2. 3.

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

pH values less than 7 Have a sour taste. Turn blue litmus to red. Corrosive React with metals and form salt and hydrogen gas.

example:

Hydrochloric acid + Zinc => Zinc Chloride + Hydrogen

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Properties of Acids

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acid + metal
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salt + hydrogen

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

pH values more than 7 Have a bitter taste. Turn red litmus to blue. Corrosive React with ammonium salts and form salt and ammonium gas. example: Sodium hydroxide + Ammonium Chloride => Ammonia + Water + Sodium Chloride

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Properties of Alkalis

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alkali + ammonium salts

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salt + water + ammonium gas

Acids and alkalis show their properties in the presence of water

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soft drink contains carbonic acid vinegar contains ethanoic acid

lemon contains citric acid

yogurt contains lactic acid

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The degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance can be expressed by its in pH value shown by the pH scale

Has values raging from 0 to 14 Acids have pH values less than 7 Alkalis have pH values more than 7 Neutral solutions have pH value of 7

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Definition

*Neutralisation is a chemical reaction in

which an acid and an alkali react to form salt and water.

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Definition * Titration is a method used for neutralisation.

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Calamine lotion(alkali) can be use to

reduce acidity in the stomach.

neutralise the bee/red ants stings(acid).

Antacids contain alkali that can be use to Toothpaste(alkali) neutralize the acid form
from food in the mouth/teeth.

Lime(alkali) is use to neutralize the soil

acidity for planting.

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