ANCIENT

CIVILIZATIONS
The Fertile Crescent

4 early River Valley

Civilizations
Kabihasnan ng Sumerian : Tigris at Euphrates

Kabihasnang Ehipsiyo (Egyptian): Nile River

Kabihasnan ng Harappa: Indus at Ganges River
Kabihasnang Tsino: Huang Ho River (Yellow
River)

Mga Batayan ng
Sinaunang Kabihasnan

Bakit
maihahalintulad
ang pag-aaral ng
kasaysayan ng
daigdig at ng
sinaunang
kabihasnan sa pagaaral ng buhay ng
tao?

Batayan ng Sinaunang
Kultura

A. Harvesting grain; B. Musicians play for the workers in the fields; C. Women winnowing
the grain; D. Scribes tally the farmers taxes; E. The farmers son tending the livestock /
cattle.

Batayan ng Sinaunang
Pamahalaan
Dinastiya:
pamamahala na
minamana mula sa
pamilya

Kanan: nakatayo ang hubad na

"priest-king,"
ca. 33003000 B.C.;
Uruk.

Kaliwa: ipinakikita ang pari

bilang hari

Hammurabi- ang hari ng mga

babylonians

Batayan ng Sinaunang
Ekonomiya

Batayan ng Sinaunang
Paniniwala at Relihiyon

The Funerary Scene

This scene depicts what occurs after a person has died, according to the ancient Egyptians.
The Egyptians had an elaborate and complex belief in the afterlife.

Katangiang Pisikal ng
mga Unang Kabihasnan

Saan nagsimula
ang pangalang
Fertile Crescent?
Dahil sa hugis at
matabang lupain
tinawag itong
Fertile Crescent.

Fertile Crescent

Nagsumula ito s Isthmus ng Suez, tuloytuloy pahilaga at bumabaybay sa dulong

silangan ng Dagat Mediterannean
habang bumubuo ito ng hugis arko
patungo sa Asia Minor at Armenia.
Patuloy hanggang sa mga Ilog ng Tigris
at Euphrates hanggang Golpo ng Persia.
Ito ang matabang rehiyon na hugis
kalahating buwan.

Pangkat ng mga tao sa

Fertile Crescent
Sumerian
Babylonian
Hittites
Hebreo
Phoenician
Assyrian
chaldean

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia: Lupain sa
pagitan ng dalawang ilog
Ang Tigris at Euphrates
Nagmula sa mga Griyego ang
pangalang Mesopotamia
Bawat mananakop ay may ibinigay na
pangalan sa lupain. Halimbawa:
Sumerian- tinawag na Kengtir
Akkadian- tinawag ng Akkad
Babylonian- tinawag na Babylonia

Sa kasalukuyan ang ibabang bahagi ng dating

Mesopotamia ay kilala sa pangalang IRAQ,

IraqBaghdad

Mataba ang lupa sa Mesopotamia.

Naghatid ng maraming biyaya at
kayamanan sa kanila ang mga
tabing-ilog.
Sari-saring pagkain ang naaani ng
mga tao rito.
Gumamit ng mga bricks para sa mga
tahanan at gusali.

Tigris at Euphrates

Kambal na Ilog

Nagsisimulang dumaloy ang mga ilog na ito

mula sa mga kabundukan ng Armenia.
Ang Ilog Tigris na nasa silangang bahagi ay
umaagos nang 1,771 km patungong Golpo
ng Persia
Ang Ilog Euphrates na nasa Kanlurang
bahagi ay bumabagtas ng 2,737 km
Ang mga ilog ay umaapaw minsan sa isang
taon na nag-iiwan ng Silt o Banlik o
matabang lupa

Salamat sa Pakikinig

Vocabulary

Mesopotamia: The Development of Written

Language
city-state
Definition: A self-governing state consisting of a city and
surrounding territory
Context: Nippur was the most important city-state in
Sumer.
cuneiform
Definition: The system of writing used by the ancient
Sumerians
Context: Cuneiform writing looks more like symbols than
pictures.
demon
Definition: An evil spirit
Context: According to Sumerian legend, Gilgamesh killed
the demon Huwawa with the help of the sun god.

Vocabulary

Mesopotamia: The Development of Written

Language
epic
Definition: A long poem telling the deeds of a hero and often centering on the
ideals of a nation or culture
Context: The Epic of Gilgamesh teaches us to enjoy the time we have on
Earth.
immortality
Definition: The quality or state of having an endless life
Context: Gilgamesh was unable to achieve immortality, but he was able to
leave behind a legacy through the work he had done during his lifetime.
Mesopotamia
Definition: An ancient land located where we find the modern country of Iraq
Context: Mesopotamia means, land between the rivers and got its name
because it was located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Nippur
Definition: A major city-state in the ancient Sumerian region of Mesopotamia
Context: Nippur was a busy trading center in Sumer and its most important
religious city.

Vocabulary

Mesopotamia: The Development of Written

Language
scribe
Definition: A person paid to write, especially in ancient times
Context: Mesopotamian scribes worked closely with the priests and
kings.
stylus
Definition: A hard, pointed writing tool cut from a reed
Context: Sumerian scribe wrote with styluses they made from reeds.
Sumerians
Definition: Residents of Sumer, a region of the ancient land of
Mesopotamia
Context: The Sumerians developed many inventions, such as the wheel
and the plow.
tablet
Definition: A flat slab often of clay or stone suitable for an inscription
Context: The Sumerians etched symbols into wet clay tablets to create a
permanent document of their activities.

Vocabulary
Mesopotamia: From Nomads to Farmers
ancestors
Definition: People in ones family, from whom one is descended
Context: Your ancestors include your grandparents, great grandparents, and
great-great grandparents.

cuneiform
Definition: The system of writing used by the ancient Sumerians
Context: Cuneiform writing consists of characters with wedge-shaped parts.
domestication
Definition: The taming of wild animals to use for farming or to be kept as
pets
Context: The domestication of sheep and goats helped the Mesopotamians
become farmers.
Euphrates River
Definition: One of the rivers that borders what was the land of Mesopotamia.
Context: The Euphrates River bordered Mesopotamia to the west.

Vocabulary
Mesopotamia: From Nomads to Farmers

. journal
Definition: A record of personal experiences and thoughts kept on a regular
basis
Context: Writing a journal can help you understand yourself.
levee
Definition: Earthen dams constructed to hold back floodwaters
Context: A levee system helped the Mesopotamians farm their most fertile
land.
Mesopotamia
Definition: An ancient land located where we find the modern country of Iraq
Context: Mesopotamia means, land between the rivers and got its name
because it was located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

Vocabulary
Mesopotamia: From Nomads to Farmers

Nippur
Definition: A major city-state in the ancient Sumerian region of Mesopotamia
Context: Nippur was a busy trading center in Sumer and its most important
religious city.
scribe
Definition: A person paid to write, especially in ancient times
Context: The job of a scribe was considered important in Sumer.
stylus
Definition: A hard, pointed writing tool cut from a reed
Context: Sumerians pressed the point of a stylus into wet clay in order to
write.

Vocabulary
Mesopotamia: From Nomads to Farmers

. Sumerians
Definition: Residents of Sumer, a region of the ancient land of Mesopotamia
Context: Sumerians developed a culture whose members farmed and traded
instead of hunting and gathering to make a living.
Tigris River
Definition: One of the rivers that borders what was the land of Mesopotamia
Context: The Tigris River bordered Mesopotamia to the east.

Babylonia v. Assyria Venn

Diagram
Mesopotamia Empires
Babylonia

Assyria

Babylonia v. Assyria Venn

Babylonia

Assyria

Babylonia v. Assyria Venn

Babylonia
1. Wanted to get
rich
2. Warriors
3. Learning was
important
4. Grand cities

Assyria

Babylonia v. Assyria Venn

Babylonia
1. Roads
2. Caravans

1. Wanted to get
rich

3. Markets

2. Warriors

4. Hammurabi

3. Learning was
important

5. Rich from Trade

6. Geometry

4. Grand cities

Assyria

Babylonia v. Assyria Venn

Babylonia
1. Roads

Assyria
1. Skilled Warriors

2. Caravans

1. Wanted to get
rich

3. Markets

2. Warriors

4. Hammurabi

3. Learning was
important

4. Chariots

4. Grand cities

5. Expert archers

5. Rich from Trade

6. Geometry

2. Battering ram
3. Ninevah

6. Libraries

Law 1
In your own words:
If you kidnap someone then you will
be put to death.

Law 1
In your own words:
If you kidnap someone then you will
be put to death.
How is the law similar:
You will still be punished if you
kidnap someone

Law 1
In your own words:
If you kidnap someone then you will be
put to death.
How is the law similar:
You will still be punished if you kidnap
someone
How is the law different:
Today you will not be put to death for
kidnapping someone

Chapter 2 Review
(3 days) The Fertile Crescent

Chapter 1 Objectives:
Students will:
Found out how geography made the
rise of civilization in the Fertile
Crescent possible.
Learn about Sumers first cities.
Learn about the two most important
empires in Mesopotamia.

Essential Question:
What were the beginnings of
human society?
How has geography shaped the
patterns of history?

Geography Standard 1-4

History Standard 4

Warm Up:
Get out your book, study guide, and
your notes for this chapter!

Mrs. Millers

Agenda:

Warm Up
Study Guide

Class
RULES!!!