PRACTICAL RESEARCH

CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

BY: NORIEL LUMBES

GLAIZA MARIE MASBATE
FATEMA LACAY
GIZZLE MARIE SORSOGON
MARK MADRONA
REA LORIO
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• RESEARCH DESIGN

• SAMPLE OF THE POPULATION

• SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

• INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION

• METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Calculus as a major subject in Senior High

School students of Bicol College, the research
questions, the limitations and the scope, we
as the researcher realized that it is
appropriate to adopt both the qualitative and
quantitative data gathering techniques i.e.
the survey method, using the questionnaire
as the instrument and supported by
qualitative data obtained through structured
interviews.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Another reason for adopting both qualitative

and quantitative data gathering techniques
was that since there had been little
documentation on the subject matter, it was
therefore important to get to the source of
primary information so that each method
could complement and substantiate the
other and making the findings more
concrete.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The objective of this study is to determine

the rate of the students who likes to take up
the subject Calculus as their major subject in
Senior High School in Bicol College.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

Research design essentially refers to the

plan or strategy of shaping the research
(Henn, Weinstein and Foard, 2006), that
might include the entire process of
research from conceptualizing a problem to
writing research questions, and on to data
collection, analysis, interpretation and
report writing (Creswell, 2007).
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

Descriptive research would suits best
because according to Sekaran (2000) an
exploratory study research was performed
when a researcher had little knowledge
about the situation or had no information
on how similar problems or research issues
had been solved in the past. It embarks on
investigating and finding the real nature of
the problem. In addition, solutions and new
ideas could surface from this type of
research (Richardson, 2005).
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Researchers conducted an interview to the

Senior High School STEM students of Bicol
College. During these field work, the researcher
had talked, discussed, questioned and seek the
student’s opinion about taking up the subject
Calculus. The researchers way of gathering
information was purely explorative, to see how
students react about taking up the subject as
their major subject so that the questionnaires
will be formulated according to their viewpoint.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
THE SAMPLE
Qualitative data would be obtained through
structured interviews. Qualitative research
methods provide flexibility and questions could
be adopted as they went along (Johns, 1998),
Subsequently for the quantitative method, the
self-completion questionnaire was used as the
instrument for the survey. An advantage of
using self-completion questionnaire was that
they were an entirely standardized measuring
instrument because the questions were always
phrased exactly in the same way for all
respondents (Sapsford, 2007).
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A total of 15 interviews was done, intended

to investigate and know the student’s point of
view about the subject Calculus. Some
questions to the structured interview were
similar to the questionnaire for the
quantitative method, for the purposes of re-
affirmation and consolidation and to gauge at
some convergence of findings.

The researcher also conducted structured

interviews by visiting 15 Senior High School
STEM students in Bicol College. As for the
researcher.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• close association with the pre-determined

questions was strictly observed to ensure
not so many detours would take place.
• The respondents were allowed to express
freely their own thoughts without any
input or help from the researcher to avoid
any kinds of bias
• The interviews were structured and guided
in order to get the best possible answers in
tandem with the research objectives.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

THE INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION

STEM students who likes to take up the
subject Calculus as their major subject in
Senior High School in Bicol College.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

researchers conducted survey in every 15

students of Grade 11 and 12 whose
strand was STEM (Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics) through
the use of survey questionnaire.

At the end of the test periods the

students’ scores were gathered, tallied,
and evaluated for the purpose of the
study.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

The data gathered for this research were
taken from the results of the prepared test
administered to the respondents. The
respondents were randomly selected in
two grade levels of Senior High School in
Bicol College.
Survey questionnaires were prepared by
the researcher for the respondents in each
grade level.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS

For the analysis of the data, the statistical
tool used is the frequency distribution in
determining the performance (scores) of
each respondents.