COMPUTER NETWORKS

FIRST SEMESTER, A.Y. 2019-2020

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. define Computer Network;
2. identify and Differentiate types of Network
Configuration and Transmission Technologies;
3. share insights on today’s need for technological skills in
connection to the importance of Computer Network
 MOTIVATION

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Yahoo! Skype Snapchat Tesla Motors TripAdvisor

WHAT IS A COMPUTER NETWORK?
WHAT IS A COMPUTER NETWORK?

 A computer network is a set of computers

connected together for the purpose of sharing
resources.
 The most common resource shared today is
connection to the Internet.
TWO TYPES OF COMPUTER
NETWORKS
TWO TYPES OF COMPUTER CONFIGURATION

 Peer to Peer
 Client - Server
 PEER TO PEER (P2P)
 In its simplest form, a peer-to-peer (P2P) network is
created when two or more PCs are connected and share
resources without going through a separate server
computer.

 Files, such as word or spreadsheet document, and other

devices such as printers or scanners, can be easily shared
across this network.
PEER TO PEER
 CLIENT TO SERVER

 The client–server model is a distributed

application structure that partitions
tasks or workloads between the
providers of a resource or service, called
servers, and service requesters, called
clients.
CLIENT TO SERVER
 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY
BETWEEN P2P AND CLIENT -
SERVER
 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY
PEER TO PEER (P2P)
Easy to Setup
Less Expensive
Can be implemented on a wide range of
operating systems
Time consuming when maintaining the
software since every members/ element
must be individually managed.
Low level security
Ideal with less than to computers
Demands a moderate skill level in
network management
CLIENT - SERVER
More difficult to set up
More expensive
A number of operating systems can be
supported on client computers, but the
server needs to run an OS that
supports network creation.
Easily and quickly maintained since
every member/ element in managed by
the server.
High level security
No limit to the number of computer
Requires a high level of IT skills from
the system administrator and a good
working knowledge of a server-based
operating system
TYPES OF TRANSMISSION
TECHNOLOGIES
TWO TYPES OF TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIES

 Broadcast Network
 Point to Point Network
 BROADCAST NETWORK
 has a single communication channel that is
shared within a computer network.

 Packets or short messages, are sent and

received by the networked devices.
BROADCAST NETWORK
 POINT-TO-POINT NETWORKS
 has many connections between devices pairs.
 Packets or short messages, are sent and
received by the networked devices.
 A transmitted message may go through more
than one devices for it to reach the
destinations.
POINT-TO-POINT NETWORK
EXAMPLES OF COMMUNICATION
DEVICES
 MODEM (MODULATOR DEMODULATOR)
 is a device that process digital signals to analog
for transmission over a telephone network
system.
 CODEC
 is a device that performs the opposite function of a
modem.
 It is capable of encoding or decoding digital signals
and is normally used in video conferencing, video
streaming, and video editing.
 LINE DRIVER
 is a device that transmits signals over short distances.
 It doesn’t modulate or demodulate signals but users
filters to reduce the high frequency components which
are then over transmission media.
 DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF
COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF COMMUNICATION CHANNELS

 Two-Wire Open Line

 Twisted Pair Cable
 Coaxial Cable
 Fiber Optic Cable
 Radio Microwaves and Satellite Channels
 TWO-WIRE OPEN LINE
 This is used for communication of up to 50cm.

 It consist of a pair of metallic wires made of coppers or

aluminum, which is insulted from each other.
 TWISTED PAIR CABLE
 This is made of a pair insulated conductors that are twisted
together.

 It is used for communication up to a distance of 1km.

 It is the standard transmission line of telephone networks as it

provides sufficient resistance to interfering noise signals.

UNSHIELDED TWISTER PAIR CABLE

 COAXIAL CABLE
 This is usually used in TV cables and has a solid
conductor inside that’s surrounded by braided
annual conductors separated by layers of
insulation.
 FIBER OPTIC CABLE
 A fiber optic cable distributes data in the form of light that’s
reflected in a glass or plastic cable.

 It is usually used for long distance communication of for high-

speed data connection since light travels practically without
any significant resistance in the medium
 RADIO MICROWAVES AND SATTELITE
 These cover large geographical areas, are wireless, and
much cheaper than wired installation.
NETWORK CATEGORIES
 LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
 This type of network is often privately-owned and may
work only within the area of single building or a school.

 It is also links personal computers and workstations in

that share resources, like printers and other devices.
 METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)
 MAN is simply a more expensive version of LAN but uses the
similar technology.

 MAN supports digital and analog voice essentially works like a

cable television network.
 WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
 WAN covers a wide geographical area. It uses cables or
telephone lines that connects routers.
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
 WIRELESS NETWORK
 Wireless networks don’t requires cables for
connections but they come in different type.

 Computers may digitally communicate directly

with the wireless or they can tap into a wireless
fidelity hotspot which cellular phone providers
readily offer.
WHAT IS A WIRELESS NETWORK?
WHAT IS A TOPOLOGY?

 Topology refers to the physical layout of

the network in which devices are
connected.
STAR TOPOLOGY?
 Communication in Star topology is dependent on the
central station.
BUS TOPOLOGY?
 The stations are connected by a single communication
line.
RING TOPOLOGY?
 Each station is linked to a neighboring station
using P2P connections that form a physical ring
configuration.
QUESTIONS? CLARIFICATIONS?
THANK YOU! :)