Diodes, Thyristors,

& Transistors
 01 02
INTRODUCTION DIODES

TABLE OF CONTENTS
What are the The uses, kinds, and
components all about? the applications of the
Diodes

03 04
THYRISTOR TRANSISTOR
The uses, kinds, and The uses, kinds, and
the applications of the the applications of the
Thyristor Transistor
01
INTRODUCTION
What are the components all
about
 SEMI-CONDUCTORS NATURAL SEMI-CONDUCTORS
Between a conductor and a • Silicon
insulator • Germanium

INTRODUCTION
PROPERTY ALTERATION APPLICATIONS
Boron and Phosphorus are Can depend on
added to Silicon and temperatures, lighting
Germanium crystal to alter conditions, or the amount
their properties or direction of the voltage
applied to them
02
DIODES
The uses, kinds, and the
applications of the Diodes
DIODES

● An example of solid-state

FEATURES OF THE TOPIC

switches
● Devices in which the
switching action are caused
by non-mechanical motion
● Diode is a directional element
that allows current to flow in
1 direction
● Highly non-linear and does
not follow Ohm’s Law
 DIODE APPLICATION
DIODES RECTIFICATION DIODE CLAMP
Used for The alteration from AC Limiting the range of a
RECTIFICATION, DIODE voltage to DC voltage signal in a circuit
CLAMP, and FLYBACK
 DIODE APPLICATION
FLYBACK DIODE
Limits voltage spikes
when switching off
inductive loads.
ZENER DIODES

● Works as normal diode on

Forward Bias
● Conduct current without
destroying itself when the
voltage exceeds the
breakdown voltage.

ZENER DIODE
● Zener Voltage, can be smaller
than the normal.
● Regulates the output voltage
in a circuit when the supply
voltage is unstable or
variable.
LED or Light Emitting Diodes

● Emits light on forward biased

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE

● Typically encased in a colored
plastic
● It takes small power to light
the diode
PHOTODIODE

● Acts like an LED but in an

opposite application
● The amount of current the it
passes is proportional to the
amount of light it receives
● Commonly used as Light

PHOTDIODE
Sensors
02
THYRISTORS
The uses, kinds, and the
applications of the Thyristor
THYRISTOR

● Silicon Controlled Rectifier

(SCR)
● Behaves like a diode but with
extra terminal, Gate
● When a small current flows
into the gate, it allows as
much more current to flow

THYRISTOR
from anode to cathode
(forward biased)
 THYRISTOR APPLICATION
OVERVOLTAGE
POWER CONTORL PROTECTION
Control dimming Protect from power
switches, and motors. surges or power-supply
malfunction problems.
03
TRANSISTORS
The uses, kinds, and the
applications of the Transistors
BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS
(BJT)
● A solid-state switch that
opens or closes a circuit
● caused by non-mechanical
motion and is due to the
change in the electrical
characteristics of the device

TRANSISTOR
● One terminal is used as the
control input
● Another is connected to the
load voltage
● While the third is connected
to ground or a constant
potential
TRANSISTOR
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BJT

● An active device that requires

power to operate
● A current-controlled device
whose operation depends on
the magnitude of the current
supplied to the base

TRANSISTOR
● small base current allows a
much larger current to flow
between the collector and the
emitter
● Has three states of operation