Armature Winding

 Lap Winding
 Wave Winding
Armature Winding Of A DC
Machine
Basically armature winding of a DC machine is
wound by one of the two methods, lap
winding or wave winding. The difference
between these two is merely due to the end
connections and commutator connections of the
conductor.
Lap Winding

In lap winding, the

successive coils overlap
each other. In a simplex
lap winding, the two
ends of a coil are
connected to adjacent
commutator segments.
Lap Winding

Advantages Disadvantages
• This winding is • It gives less emf
necessarily required for compared to wave
large current winding. This winding
application because it requires more number
has more parallel paths. of conductors for giving
• It is suitable for low the same emf, it results
voltage and high high winding cost.
current generators. • It has less efficient
utilization of space in
the armature slots.
Wave Winding
In wave winding, the coil
ends are connected to
commutator segments
very nearly, but never
exactly, equal to the
distance between poles
of the same polarity, that
is, 360 electrical degrees.
Characteristics and Advantages of
Simplex Wave Winding
• In this winding, only two brushes are required
but more parallel brushes can be added to make
it equal to the number of poles. If one or more
brushes set poor contacts with the commutator,
satisfactory operation is still possible.
• Number of conductors in each path = Z/2 where Z
is the total number of conductors.
• Generated emf=average emf induced in each
conductor x Z/2.
 Characteristics and Advantages of
Simplex Wave Winding
• For a given number of poles and armature conductors, it gives
more emf than that of lap winding. Hence wave winding is
used in high voltage and low current machines. This winding
is suitable for small generators circuit with voltage rating 500-
600V. In this winding, only two brushes are required but more
parallel brushes can be added to make it equal to the number
of poles. If one or more brushes set poor contacts with the
commutator, satisfactory operation is still possible.
• Current flowing through each conductor Ia is the armature
current. Current per path for this kind of winding must not be
exceeded 250A.
• Resultant emf around the entire circuit is zero.
Disadvantage of Simplex Wave
Winding
Wave winding cannot be used in the machines
having higher current rating because it has only
two parallel paths.
Coil End Connection
Simplex Lap
The coil ends are connected
to adjacent commutator
segments
Simplex Wave
The coil ends are connected
to commutator segments
very nearly, but never
exactly, equal to the
distance between poles of
the same polarity, that is,
360 electrical degrees.