”INSTRUMENT

TRANSFORM
ER”
Presented by :
PUSHPENDRA KUMAR MEENA
J.En. (ELECTRICAL)
Ajmer Workshop (NWR)
[ Contents
] Instrument
▪ transformer
 Introduction
 Classification
▪ Current transformer
Principle of Operation

Construction & Classification

 Application & Specification

2
▪ Potential Transformer
Principle of operation

Construction ,Classification &

Application
▪Electromotive
voltage transformer
Introduction

Construction & Application

3
▪ Capacitive voltage
 [ Introduction of instrumen

iael drev]ice which help in

rtanAselfeoctrrmc
measurement of high voltage or current.
It provide low range current and voltage to
the protection system.
By using low range ammeter can
measure high current.
By using low range voltmeter can
measure high voltage. 4
[ Types of instrument
transformer ]
Instrument transformer has two
type
1) Current transformer
2)Potential
transformer

5
 [ current transformer
]
 It is normally known as CT.
This is a type of step up transformer.

This is step up transformer because

when we step up, the voltage increases
and current decrease.
The current is step down in a known
ratio called current ratio.
6
[Construction of current
transformer]
The current transformer has primary
coil of one or less no. of turns of thick
wire which is connected in series with
the transmission line.
It’s core is made of by rolled steel.

The secondary consist of large number

of turns of fine wire.
The secondary and primary winding are
insulated to each other and oil 7
Current
transformer

8
CURRENT
TRANSFORMER

9
[classification of current
transformer]
On the basis of primary winding
1)Wound type
2)Bar type

On the basis of secondary

winding
3)Ring type
4)Stadium type
5)Rectangular type

On the basis of working

3) Interposing 1
0
6)Summation CT.
CT.
[ Standards
] The Indian ⁞and international⁞ standard for

o Standard
CT Standard no. Year

British ⁞ BS 3938 ⁞ 1973

 American
⁞ ANSI ⁞ 1978
C.57.13
 Australian
⁞ AS 1675 ⁞ 1986
(International ⁞ IS 2705
 India electro technical commission) ⁞ 1992
⁞ IEC 60044-1 ⁞ 1996
 IEC
Manufacturing company
1
 BHEL,CGL,ABB,Joti,Siemens… 1
[ Testing of current transformer
]
Different type of test :
Accuracy test
Dielectric insulation test
Temperature rise test
Verification of polarity
test
Different method of
testing
Mutual induction method 1
2
[ Specification
]
 For a 11 kv
CT.
 System voltage : 11 kv
Insulation level voltage : 12/28/75 kv
Ratio : 200/1-1-0.577 A
Core 1 : 1 A metering
Core 2 : 1 A protection
Core 3 : 0.577 A, Class power
supply
Short time rating 20 kA for 1 sec 1
3
[ POTENTIA
L
TRAPoNteSntFailOtraRnsMofrEmRer
PT.

] That is a type of step down

n ormally known as
transformer.
Step down transformer ,step down
the voltage and rise the current.
The voltage is step down in the
14

known ratio called voltage ratio.

[ principle of operation
]
It is always connected in parallel to
the transmission line.
It’s secondary winding is very low
with respect to the primary.
The secondary winding is designed so
that a voltage of 100 to 150 v is
delivered to the instrument load.
Line voltage =voltmeter reading/Ratio 15
POTENTIAL
TRANSFORMER

16
POTENTIAL
TRANSFORMER

17
[ construction of potential
transformer ]

Core size is large and made of by

steel.
Primary side large no. of turn.

Secondary side only few no. of turn.

Secondary and primary winding are

insulated to each other and oil 18
[ classification of potential
transformer ]
Types of potential transformer
1)Shell type
2)Dry type
3)Oil type
Rating
Below 5000 v Shell type
Type
5000 – 138000 Dry or oil
v type Only
Above 138000 Oil type
19
v
[ Standards ]
P
The Indian and international standard
T
for
o Standard ⁞ Standard no. ⁞
Year
 British
⁞ BS 3841 ⁞ 1973

 American
⁞ ANSI C.57.13 ⁞ 1978

 Australian
⁞ AS 1243 ⁞ 1982

 India
⁞ IS 3156 ⁞ 1992 2
0
⁞ ⁞
[ Testing of Potential
transformer ]
Different type of test :
Accuracy test
Dielectric insulation test
Temperature rise test
Verification of polarity test

Different method of testing

Absolute null method
Employing capacitance divider 21
[ specification
]
For a 11 kv VT :

System voltage : 11kv

Insulation level voltage : 12/28/75

kv
Number of phase : Three

Vector Group : star/star

22
[ Electro motive voltage
transformer ]
o Why not conventional type
potential transformer.
Above 100 kv , size are very large.

Insulation problem

High heating effect

Costly to build
23
 [ designs
1.]Insulated casing
 Use high voltage insulated oil
2. Moulded rubber potential
transformer
 Replace oil and porcelain bushing
to the synthetic rubber.
3. Cascaded transformer
 For voltage divider cascaded n no. 24

of transformer.
[ capacitive voltage
transformer ]
A less expensive alternative of
electro magnetic voltage
transformer.
Use no. of capacitor as a
voltage divider.
Less insulation problem.
25

Very cheaper.
 CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER

26
[ Design
]Use capacitor band.
Use an Auxiliary transformer.

Secondary have very low voltage.

Any bus bar protection system or any

measuring device connect to the
secondary of the auxiliary
transformer. 27
CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER

28
Application of instrument
transformer
* It help in measurement of voltage or
It provide low voltage and currentcurrent.
*high to the electrical
device.
*It’s measure application is in the protection system
where relay is work on low amount of voltage and
current

29
REFERENCES
:
• Introduction to the electrical
machines. Macmillan.
• Hand book of transformer design
and applications. McGraw-Hill.
• IEEE Transactions on power
Apparatus And System.

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 ANY
Query ??
?
31
Thank
You !