Graphs Lines

Math and Graph Refresher • Linear Equations

Lines (contd.) Lines (contd.) • Intercepts
• Horizontal Lines
• Parallel lines have exact same slope (M). • Angle lines have different slope but same Y • Vertical Lines
• E.g. below three lines have same M hence are intercept. • Positive Slope
parallel. • E.g. below three lines have same Y intercept • Perfect
hence are at an angle.
Compliment
• Negative Slope
X + Y = 11 3Y = 15 – 3X 2X - 20 = X - Y X + Y = 11 Y = 11 - 2X 5X - 22 = -2Y • Perfect Substitute
• Shifts (Parallel
Lines)
• Rotations (angle
lines)
• Elasticity and
implications of
slope
• Intersection and
Equilibrium
• Maxima and
Minima of straight
line regions

Parallel lines indicate parallel shift as core X,Y
relationship and constant M is same but Y
intercept C changes e.g. in Demand curves
income increase can cause affordability which
means same or more quantity (X) can be
purchased at higher prices of say TVs (Y).
Angle lines indicate rotation shift as core X,Y
relationship and constant C is same but slope
M changes e.g. strong winter causing base
prices (Y intercept) of liquor to stay same but
demand of higher quantities (X) at the same
price (Y) is observed.

Thus one can see that under constant conditions where C and M are unchanged, a given
economic phenomenon (demand or supply) can be analyzed and predicted. But when either
of the constants changes the phenomenon shows a shift or a rotation. But when both
constants change the behavior and phenomenon becomes totally different.