QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE

SUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTED BY-

DR.ADITYA TRIPATHI SEWANI TRIPATHI
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR (MBAN1MG20015)
SCHOOL OF ARUNA SINGH
MANAGEMENT (MBAN1MG20047)
PRATIBHA METTA
(MBAN1MG20027)
ANANTH PAVAN KILARI
(MBAN1MG20021)
SANGEETH S
(MBAN1MG20029)
Age is a special case.

When we say "Sarah is 17" she stays "17" up until her

eighteenth birthday.

She might be 17 years and 364 days old and still be called
"17".

This changes the midpoints and class boundaries.

The ages of the 112 people who live on a tropical island

are grouped as follows:
 Age Number

0-9 20

10 - 19 21

20 - 29 23

30 - 39 16

40 - 49 11

50 - 59 10

60 - 69 7

70 - 79 3

80 - 89 1
•A child in the first group 0 -
9 could be almost 10 years old.

•So the midpoint for this group

is 5 not 4.5.

•The midpoints are 5, 15, 25, 35,

45, 55, 65, 75 and 85.

•Similarly, in the calculations of

Median and Mode, we will use the
class boundaries 0, 10, 20 etc
Mean:
Age Midpoint Number
x f fx

0-9 5 20 100
10 - 19 15 21 315
20 - 29 25 23 575
30 - 39 35 16 560
40 - 49 45 11 495
50 - 59 55 10 550
60 - 69 65 7 455
70 - 79 75 3 225
80 - 89 85 1 85
  Totals: 112 3360

Estimated Mean =  3360/112  = 30

Median:
The Median is the mean of the ages of the 56th and the
57th people, so is in the 20 - 29 group:

•L = 20 (the lower class boundary of the class interval

containing the median)
•n = 112
•B = 20 + 21 = 41
•G = 23
•w = 10

Estimated Median= 20 + (112/2) − 41/23 × 10

 = 20 + 6.52...
 = 26.5 (to 1 decimal)
 
Mode:
The Modal group is the one with the highest frequency,
which is 20 - 29:
•L = 20 (the lower class boundary of the modal class)
•fm-1 = 21
•fm = 23
•fm+1 = 16
•w = 10

Estimated Mode= 20 +  23 − 21/(23 − 21) + (23 − 16) ×

10
 = 20 + 2.22...
 = 22.2 (to 1 decimal)
Summary:
•For grouped data, we cannot find the exact Mean, Median and
Mode, we can only give estimates.

•To estimate the Mean use the midpoints of the class

intervals:Estimated Mean = Sum of (Midpoint × Frequency)Sum of
Frequency

•To estimate the Median use:Estimated Median = L +  (n/2) −

BG × w
where:
• L is the lower class boundary of the group containing the median
• n is the total number of data
• B is the cumulative frequency of the groups before the median
group
• G is the frequency of the median group
• w is the group width
To estimate the Mode use:
Estimated Mode = L +  fm − fm-1(fm − fm-1) + (fm − fm+1) ×
w
where:
• L is the lower class boundary of the modal group
• fm-1 is the frequency of the group before the modal
group
• fm is the frequency of the modal group
• fm+1 is the frequency of the group after the modal group
• w is the group width