Solution

Concentrations
 Percent by Mass (m/m)
Mass of solute
×100 Solution = solute + solvent
Mass of solution
 Example 1
te en t
solu solv
An aquarium must contain 13.6 g NaCl per 100.0 g of water. What is
the percent by mass (m/m) of NaCl in the solution? is er
Wat s a
y
alwa t!!!
en
solv
Solute:13.6g (smaller #) Mass of solute
×100
Mass of solution
+Solvent: 100.0g (larger #)
Solution: 113.6g 13.6
×100 = 11.97% ≈
113.6
12.0%
 Example 2
You have a 650.0g KCL solution. If the percent by mass is 1.25% (m/m),
how many grams of solute is in the solution? How many grams of solvent
are in the solution?
Then remember: solute + solvent =
solution First find solute:
Solution:
and solve for solvent 650.0g solute
×100 = 1.25%
650.0
− Solute: 8.13g

Solvent = 641.87g ≈ 642g Solute =

8.13g
 Percent by Volume (v/v)
Volume of solute
×100 Solution = solute + solvent
Volume of solution
 Example 3
What is the percent by volume of ethanol in a solution that contains
45mL of ethanol dissolved in 145mL of water?
solu
te ent
solv
Then remember: solute + solvent =
solution
Solute:
and solve 45mL (smaller #)
for solvent 45
×100 = 23.68% ≈ 24%
190
+Solvent: 145mL (larger #)
Solution: 190mL
 M
diss eans
o
wate lved in
Example 4 is th r; wate
e so
lven
r
t

If you have 200.0 mL of a 35.0% aqueous solution of ethanol, what

volume of ethanol and water are in the solution?

First find solute:

Solution: 200.0mL solute
×100 = 35.0%
200.0
− Solute: 70.0mL

Solvent = 130.0mL Solute =

70.0mL
≈ 130. or 1.3×102 mL
Parts Per Million (ppm)

Solute 1 ppm = 1mg/L

×106
Solution
 Example 5
If 25 grams of a chemical is dissolved in 75 grams of water, what is
the concentration of the chemical in parts per million (ppm)?

Solute: 25g (smaller #)

+ Solvent: 75g (larger #)

Solution: 100g

25
×106 = 250,000 or 2.5×105 g
100
 Example 6
Suppose 17 grams of sucrose is dissolved in 183 grams of water.
What is the concentration of sucrose in ppm?

Solute: 17g (smaller #)

+ Solvent: 183g (larger #)

Solution: 200g

17
×106 = 85,000 or 8.5×104 g
200
 Example 7
150 mL of an aqueous sodium chloride solution contains 0.0045g NaCl.
Calculate the concentration of NaCl in parts per million (ppm).
Remember 1ppm = 1 mg/L So change the mL into L
and the g into mg

0.0045g 1000mg 1000mL = 30 mg/L = 30 ppm

150mL 1g 1L
 Example 8
Convert 0.0035% NaCl by mass into parts per million of
NaCl.
* Think of 0.0035% like your
grade on a test; 0.0035% means
0.0035 out of 100

0.0035
×106 = 35ppm
100