Complex Numbers

Presentation-1
Class 9th
Chapter# 2
Shah Khalid
Roll Number BY672748
Once upon a time…

1  no real solution
 Complex Number System
 

Reals  Pure Imaginary

Rationals , , , etc.
(Can be written as fractions)
Integers
(…, -1, -2, 0, 1, 2, …)
  Irrationals
Whole (Cannot be
(0, 1, 2, …) written as a
fraction)
Natural ,
(1, 2, …)
Since all number belong to the
Complex number field, C, all number
can be classified as complex. The
Real number field, R, and the
imaginary numbers, i, are subsets of
this field as illustrated below.

Complex Numbers
a + bi
Real Numbers Pure Imaginary Number
a + 0i 0 + bi
A Little History 
Math is used to explain our universe.
When a recurring phenomenon is seen
and can’t be explained by our present
mathematics, new systems of
mathematics are derived.
In the real number system, we can’t
take the square root of negatives,
therefore the complex number system
was created.
Complex numbers revolutionized
computer graphics
-In the set of real numbers, negative numbers do
not have square roots.

-Imaginary numbers were invented so that negative

numbers would have square roots and certain
equations would have solutions.
 -Thesenumbers were devised using an imaginary
unit named .

i  1
-The imaginary numbers consist of all numbers bi,
where b is a real number and i is the imaginary unit,
with the property that i² = -1.

-The first four powers of i establish an important

pattern and should be memorized.

Powers of i
i i
1
i  1
2
i  i
3
i 1
4
 i 1
4

i  i
3
i

i  1
2
Divide the exponent by 4
No remainder: answer is 1.
remainder of 1: answer is i.
remainder of 2: answer is –1.
remainder of 3:answer is –i.
Powers of i
 
1.) Find  i
 
2.) Find  1
 3.) Find i
 4.) Find 1
Simplify. -Express these numbers in terms of i.

1.)
3.) 5  1 5  i 5

4.)  7   1 7  i 7
2.)
 
3.)
5.) 99  1 99 ¿ 𝑖 √ 9 √11
 3i 11
You try…
6. 7  i 7

7.  36  6i
8. 160  4i 10
Multiplying
9. 47i  2  94i
10. 2i  5  2i  1 5  2i  i 5
 2i 2
5  2 5
11.  3  7  i 3  i 7  i 2
21

 (1) 21  21
Complex Numbers Day 2
Recap:

i  (  1)  1
2 2

i  i  i  (1)i  i
3 2

i  (i )  (1)  1
4 2 2 2
 Complex Numbers

a + bi
real imaginary
The complex numbers consist of all sums a + bi,
where a and b are real numbers and i is the imaginary
unit. The real part is a, and the imaginary part is bi.
 Add or Subtract
7.)
12. 7i  9i  16i

8.)
13. (5  6i)  (2  11i)  3 5i

9.)
14. (2  3i)  (4  2i)  2  3i  4  2i
 2  i
Multiplying & Dividing
Complex Numbers
 REMEMBER: i² = -1

Multiply
1) 3i  4i  12i  12(1)  12
2

2)  7i  2
 7 i  49( 1)  49
2 2
 You try…
3)
7i  12i  84i  84(1)
2

 84
4)   11i     11  i   121(1)
2 2 2

 121
 Multiply
5)  4  3i  7  2i 
 28 8i 21i 6i
2

 28  29i  6i 2

 28  29i  6(1)
 28  29i  6
 22  29i
 You try…
6)  2  i  3  10i 
 6  20i  3i  10i 2

 6  17i  10i 2

 6  17i  10  1
 6  17i  10
 16  17i
 You try…
7)
 5  7i  5  7i 
 2535i 35i 49i 2

 25  49(1)
 25  49
 74
 Conjugate
-The conjugate of a + bi is a – bi

-The conjugate of a – bi is a + bi
 Find the conjugate of each
number…
8) 3  4i 3  4i

9) 4  7i 4  7i
10) 5i 5i
11)6 6
Because 6  0i is the same as 6  0i
12)
Divide…
5  9i 1  i 5  5i  9i  9i 2

1 i 1 i 1 i  i  i 2

14  4i 14  4i

1 i 2 
2
 7  2i
You try…
13)
2  3i 3  5i 6  10i  9i  15i 2

3  5i 3  5i 9  15i  15i  25i 2

9  19i 9  19i
 2 
9  25i 34