Education Technology

Paper III

TEACHING
TECHNOLOGY
by:-
Dr. Saroj Sharma
Education Technology by Dr. Saroj Sha
rma 
© 2021 by Dr Saroj Sharma is licensed
under CC BY 4.0                 
Do you know What is
Educational
Technology?
 EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IS...

According to Robert A. Cox

“Educational technology is the application of
scientific process to man’s learning conditions”.

According to G.O.M Leith

“Educational technology is application of scientific
knowledge about learning and the condition of
learning to improve”
 The scientific, inventions and technological
developments have influenced every walk of
human life. There is rapid mechanization in the
field of industries, defence, trade,
administration, etc.

 The educational process does not remain

untouched by these advances. It has necessitated
introduction of technology in the field of
education.

 Hence Educational Technology came with its

various forms which are as under:-
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT KINDS
OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY?

1.Teaching 2.Instructiona
Technology, l Technology,

4.Instructiona
3.Behavioural
l design
Technology,
Technology.
Do you know What
is Teaching
Technology?
 Teaching
 Teaching is purposeful activity. The ultimate goal
of teaching is to bring all-round development of a
child. The knowledge and practice which help in
realizing the goal is the content matter of teaching
technology.

 Teaching is an art as well as science because

teaching can be studied objectively and
scientifically. Teaching has the scientific
foundation.
 Technology
 The application of scientific knowledge for
practical purposes
This has evolved the concept of
‘teaching technology.’

Teaching

Art Science

Teaching technology
 Definition of teaching
technology

Teaching technology is the application

of philosophical, sociological and
scientific knowledge to teaching for
achieving some specific learning
objectives.
 Contributors of teaching
technology
I.K. Davies,
N.L. Gange,
Robert Gange,
Burner and
Robert Glaser
have contributed significantly in this area of
education.
Silverman has termed it as constructive
educational technology.
Teaching Technology
 Teaching technology involves

The mechanism of instructional process in the

classroom situations,

Levels of teaching,

Theories of teaching,

Principal teaching operations and

Establishing relations between theories and

teaching operations.
Components of teaching
technology

Manpower Methods

components

Materials Media
As a method , it implies making use
of a few devices such as…

Programmed Learning

Team Teaching

Micro Teaching

Personalized System of Instruction (PSI)

As materials, it comprises

Instructional materials

Programmed text books

Manuals, guides, text

Other written / print materials

which expose to the learner the contents

of these sources of material
As media, it implies audio or visual
or both audio-visual media such as…

Radio

tape recorders

films

educational television

as teaching aids to supplement effective

teaching and to promote better learning.
 Whatever the method, materials or media, it
requires manpower to operate / utilize a
whole sequence of chains of inputs/ facilitates
in teaching technology, it includes

Teachers

Administratio
n
Students

Parents
 Phases of technology of
teaching
 K. Davies and Robert Glaser (1962), have
developed the content of Technology of
Teaching and classified it into four phases:

1. Planning of Teaching,
2. Organisation of Teaching,
3. Leading of Teaching,
4. Controlling of Teaching.
 Planning
 It is first and very important phase.

 Planning involves tasks that must be

performed to attain learning objectives and
goals, outlining how the tasks must be
performed, and indicating when they should
be performed.
In this the teacher performs three activities:

Teacher analyses • Task

the content analysis

Determines and • Identification of

defines the
objectives
learning objectives
• Writing
Write objectives in
learning
clear terms
objectives
 Organisation
 It is the second phase.

 Organisation is the process of deciding

where decisions will be made,
who will perform what jobs and tasks, and
who will report to whom
 Teacher creates effective
environment

By selecting

Teaching
techniques Strategies Essential aids
methods

By
which

Students may achieve learning objectives through the

acquisition of appropriate learning experiences
 Leading
 It is the third phase

 Leading (Influencing) means guiding the

activities of the organization members in
appropriate directions.

 Objective is to improve productivity.

 Getting others to perform the necessary tasks by

motivating them to achieve the organization’s
goals.
 In leading

Learning
objectives
Students
are
start
achieved
taking
Teacher interest in
motivates teaching
the
students
 Controlling
 It is the fourth phase

 Process by which a person, group, or

organization consciously monitors performance
and takes corrective action.
 Steps:-

1. Gather information that measures recent

performance.
2. Compare present performance to pre-
established standards.
3. Determine modifications to meet pre-
established standards.
 In controlling
 Teacher observes the extent to which the
organization and leading phases have achieved
the learning objectives.

 Teacher uses various technique of measurement

and evaluation.

 If the objectives have not been achieved then he

brings essential changes and modifications in his
activities related to “organization” and
“leading” phase.
To achieve the teaching
learning goals
 Assumptions of Teaching
Technology
‘Technology of Teaching’ is based on the following
assumptions:
1. Teaching is a scientific process and it has two major
components: Content and communication.
2. The teaching activities can be modified and improved.
3. Teaching skills can be developed with the help of
feedback devices.
4. A close relationship may be established between
teaching and learning.
5. The learning objectives may be achieved by
performing teaching activities.
6. Appropriate conditions can be created by teaching for
effective learning.
 Characteristics of teaching
technology
1. It can make the teaching more effective
2. In this technology , assistance can be sought
from philosophy, sociology and psychology.
3. In this input , process and output are
involved.
4. Objectives of all three domains namely
cognitive, affective and psychomotor
domains, can be achieved by using this
technology.
5. With the help of this teaching from memory
level to reflective level can be organized.
 References
Technology of teaching
by N.R. Swarup Saxena and Dr. S. C. Oberoi

Educational Technology(teaching technology)

By R.L. Bhatia and B.N. Ahuja

Essentials of educational technology innovations

in teaching learning
By J.C. Aggarwal