VECTOR

Presented by: Arnie Paler

Kristine Claire Taruc
 What is Vector?
A quantity that has both a direction and a
magnitude, especially when used to determine the
relative position of two points in space.

A vector is a number or phenomena with two

distinct properties: magnitude and direction.

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 TYPES OF VECTORS

Proper Vector
Axial Vector
Initial Vector

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 PROPER VECTOR
All the non-zero vectors are called proper vectors.
In physics, a vector is a quantity with both magnitude and direction. It's usually
represented by an arrow with the same direction as the amount and a length
proportionate to the magnitude of the quantity.
A vector does not have position, even though it has magnitude and direction. A
vector is represented here by an arrow. Its length is its magnitude, and the direction
of the arrow indicates its orientation. OQ (bold print) or OQ with an arrow above it
can be used to represent the vector. Its magnitude (or length) is denoted by the letters
OQ (absolute value symbols).
Examples of proper vector are displacement, force, momentum, etc.

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VECTOR EXAMPLES

• Magnitude • Velocity
• Direction • Displacement
• Force
• Momentum

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SCALAR EXAMPLES

• Magnitude • Mass
• Time
• Temperature

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 Vectors are represented by drawing arrows

The length and direction of a vector should be drawn to a reasonable scale size
and show its magnitude
10 km
20 km

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Who discovered Vectors physics?
In their modern form, vectors appeared late in the 19th century
when Josiah Willard Gibbs and Oliver Heaviside (of the United
States and Britain, respectively) independently developed vector
analysis to express the new laws of electromagnetism discovered by
the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell.
 Why do scientists use vectors?
Vectors are used in science to describe anything that
has both a direction and a magnitude.You could make a
map of airflow at any point in time, then, by drawing wind
vectors for a number of different geographic locations. Many
properties of moving objects are also vectors.

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 AXIAL VECTOR
A vector which does not change its sign on changing the
coordinate system to a new system by a reflection in the origin.
Acts along the axis of rotation

An example of an axial vector is the vector product of two polar vectors,

such as A = x × m, where A is the angular momentum of a particle, x is its
position vector, and m is its momentum vector.

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 PSEUDO or INITIAL VECTOR
The vectors used to make an inertial frame of reference into
the inertial frame of reference are called pseudo or inertial
vectors.
The vector may be further divided as:
✘ Unit vectors
A unit vector is that whose magnitude is unity i.e 1 and has any given
direction only. A unit vector is obtained by dividing the vector with
magnitude.
✘ Free vector
A vector which can be displaced parallel ti itself and applied at any
point is called a free vector.

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 ✘ Position vector ✘ Negative vector
A vector that represents the position A vector having the same magnitude as
of a point with reference to a fixed point that of the given vector but the opposite
is called position vector direction is called a negative vector.

✘ Null vector
A vector whose magnitude is zero and has no direction, it may have
all directions is said to be a null vector. A null vector can be obtained by
adding two or more vectors.

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 ✘ Like or Parallel vectors
If two vectors have the same direction but the different magnitude is
called parallel or like vectors.

✘ Unlike vectors
Two vectors having opposite directions and unequal magnitudes are
called, unlike vectors.

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 ✘ Equal vectors
Two vectors are said to be equal if they have equal magnitudes.

✘ Co-initial vectors
If vectors have a common initial point, then these types of vectors
are called co initial vectors.

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 ✘ Co-linear vectors
Vectors are called co-linear if they have in the same line or
parallel.

✘ Co-planar vectors
Vectors which are lying in the same plane are called coplanar vectors.

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 VECTOR APPLICATION
✘ ADDITION: When two (2) vectors point in the
same direction, simply add them together.

✘ When vectors are added together they should be

drawn head to tail to determine the resultant or
sum vector.

✘ The resultant goes from tail of A to head of B.

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 VECTOR APPLICATION
Example:
A man walks 46.5 m east, then another 20 m east.
Calculate his displacement relative to where he started.

46.5 m, E + 20 m, E

66.5 m, E

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 VECTOR APPLICATION
SUBTRACTION: When two (2) vectors
point in the opposite direction,
simply subtract them.
Example:
A man walks 46.5 m east, then another 20 m west. Calculate
his displacement relative to where he started.
46.5 m, E
-
20 m, W

26.5 m, E
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Main concept of a Vector
 A quantity that has both
magnitude and direction.

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