Integrated Science

Form 1.1
11th February 2022
Objectives
Students should be able to:
•Understand the concept of diffusion
•Describe how substances move in and
out of cells by diffusion.
What we must know first!

• All matter is made up of

particles
• All solids, liquids and
gases are made up of
particles
Concentration
• The amount of particles in a
particular area
• High concentration- A place
where there are many
molecules of a particular type.
• Low concentration- A place
where there are few molecules
of a particular type.
 Diffusion
• Diffusion is the movement of
substances from a place where there
is a lot (high concentration) to a place
where there is a little (low
concentration).
• Diffusion is the movement of
molecules from a high concentration
to a low concentration.
•
Examples of diffusion in everyday life
• Smelling food cooking in the kitchen while standing out in the yard.
• The scent of air freshener spreads across a room when it was sprayed
in one area.
• Seeing and smelling smoke from a bush fire that is a long way off.
• The scent of pain from a distance
• The scent of perfume spreads across a room.
• The scent of disinfect when mopping spreads across a room.
• Kool aid spreads through a jug when making juice.
 Diffusion in our bodies
• Substances needed for
the survival of our cells
need to get in and out of
the cell. To get in and out
molecules must pass
through the cell
membrane this happens
by the process of
diffusion.
 Substances that move into and out of our cells
• Oxygen is needed for respiration
• Carbon dioxide produced from respiration
diffuses out of the cell
• Nutrients needed for growth and repair
• Water in a special type of diffusion called
osmosis
Partially permeable membrane
• Cell membranes are said to be
partially permeable this means
that they allow some substance
to pass through and not all
substances. Only molecules that
are small enough to fit through
the membrane will be allowed
to pass through.