Communication is the process of

Communication is the process of

Exchanging information
A key barrier in communications
A key barrier in communications

Distance
Which of the following is not a major
communications medium?
Which of the following is not a major
communications medium?

Water
The communications medium causes the
signal to be?
The communications medium causes the
signal to be?

Attenuated
Which of the following is not a source of
noise?
Which of the following is not a source of
noise?

Another communications signal

Simultaneous two-way communications is
called
Simultaneous two-way communications is
called

Full Duplex
The original electrical information signal to be
transmitted is called
The original electrical information signal to be
transmitted is called

Baseband Signal
Continuous voice or video signals are referred
to as being
Continuous voice or video signals are referred
to as being

Analog
Recovering information from a carrier is
known as
Recovering information from a carrier is
known as

Detection
Transmission of graphical information over
the telephone network is accomplished by
Transmission of graphical information over
the telephone network is accomplished by

Facsimile
Receiving electromagnetic emissions from
stars is called
Receiving electromagnetic emissions from
stars is called

Radio Astronomy
A personal communication hobby for
individual is
A personal communication hobby for
individual is

Ham radio
Radar is based upon
 Radar is based upon

Reflected Radio signals

The voice frequency range is
The voice frequency range is

300 to 3000 Hz
Another name for signal in the HF range is
Another name for signal in the HF range is

Short waves
Television broadcasting occurs in which
ranges?
Television broadcasting occurs in which
ranges?

VHF
Electromagnetic waves produced primarily by
heat are called
Electromagnetic waves produced primarily by
heat are called

Infrared rays
The wavelength of infrared rays is
approximately
The wavelength of infrared rays is
approximately

0.7 to 10 microns
The wavelength of red light is approximately
The wavelength of red light is approximately

7000 Angstrom
In the United States, the electromagnetic
spectrum is regulated and managed by
In the United States, the electromagnetic
spectrum is regulated and managed by

FCC
For a given bandwidth signal, more channel
space is available for signals in the range of
For a given bandwidth signal, more channel
space is available for signals in the range of

EHF
 Having an information change some
characteristic of a carrier signal is called
 Having an information change some
characteristic of a carrier signal is called

Modulation
Which of the following is not true about AM?
Which of the following is not true about AM?

The carrier frequency changes

The opposite of modulation is
The opposite of modulation is

Demodulation
The circuit used to produce modulation is
called a
The circuit used to produce modulation is
called a

Modulator
A modulator performs what mathematical
operation on its two inputs?
A modulator performs what mathematical
operation on its two inputs?

Multiplication
The ratio of the peak modulating signal voltage
to the peak carrier voltage is referred to as
The ratio of the peak modulating signal voltage
to the peak carrier voltage is referred to as

The modulation index

If m is greater than 1, what happens?
If m is greater than 1, what happens?

Information signal is distorted

The outline peaks of a carrier has the share of the
modulating signal and is called the
The outline peaks of a carrier has the share of the
modulating signal and is called the

Envelope
Overmodulation occurs when
Overmodulation occurs when

Vm > Vc
The new signals produced by modulation are called
The new signals produced by modulation are called

Sidebands
A display of signal amplitude versus frequency is
called the
A display of signal amplitude versus frequency is
called the

Frequency domain
Most of the power in an AM signal is in the
Most of the power in an AM signal is in the

Carrier
In an AM signal, the transmitted information is
contained within the
In an AM signal, the transmitted information is
contained within the

Sidebands
An AM signal without the carrier is called a(n)
An AM signal without the carrier is called a(n)

SSB
What is the minimum AM signal needed to transmit
information?
What is the minimum AM signal needed to transmit
information?

One sideband
The main advantage of SSB over standard AM or
DSB is
The main advantage of SSB over standard AM or
DSB is

Less spectrum space is used

In SSB, which sideband is the best to use?
In SSB, which sideband is the best to use?

Neither
 Distortion of the modulating signal produces
harmonics which cause an increase in the signal
 Distortion of the modulating signal produces
harmonics which cause an increase in the signal

Bandwidth
What services uses HF CW communications?
What services uses HF CW communications?

Police
The signal which is superimposed on a high
frequency sine wave is called
The signal which is superimposed on a high
frequency sine wave is called

Information
What is the purpose of a beat frequency
oscillator(BFO)?
What is the purpose of a beat frequency
oscillator(BFO)?

Generates a 1kHz tone to Morse

reception
A type of information signal which is made up of
rapid and unpredictable variations in amplitude
frequency.
A type of information signal which is made up of
rapid and unpredictable variations in amplitude
frequency.

Speech
He was the one who developed the mathematical
solution to a complex repetitive waveform.
He was the one who developed the mathematical
solution to a complex repetitive waveform.

J. Fourier
A diagram which shows the relationship between RF
signal phase and maximum bunching of the electron
beam in velocity-modulated devices.
A diagram which shows the relationship between RF
signal phase and maximum bunching of the electron
beam in velocity-modulated devices.

Applegate Diagram
It is the liberation of electrons by thermionic means
used as the principal source of electron emission in
microwave vacuum tube devices.
It is the liberation of electrons by thermionic means
used as the principal source of electron emission in
microwave vacuum tube devices.

Edison Effect
It is the representation of a complex waveform in
such a way that the sinusoidal components are
displayed as a function of time.
It is the representation of a complex waveform in
such a way that the sinusoidal components are
displayed as a function of time.

Time Domain
 An Adjustable resonant cavity calibrated in
frequency and which undergoes some power
absorption at resonance.
 An Adjustable resonant cavity calibrated in
frequency and which undergoes some power
absorption at resonance.

Frequency Meter
What is the amount of power lost in a device due to
its presence in the path of energy flow?
What is the amount of power lost in a device due to
its presence in the path of energy flow?

Insertion loss
It is the representation of a waveform in such a way
that its amplitude is displayed as a function of
frequency.
It is the representation of a waveform in such a way
that its amplitude is displayed as a function of
frequency.

Frequency Domain
The big breakthrough in electronic communications
came with the invention of the _____ in 1844.
The big breakthrough in electronic communications
came with the invention of the _____ in 1844.

Telegraph
 In 1877, he invented a method of making a
permanent record of sound with his invention of the
phonograph.
 In 1877, he invented a method of making a
permanent record of sound with his invention of the
phonograph.

Edison
He was the one who developed the wireless
telegraph.
He was the one who developed the wireless
telegraph.

Marconi
Which came first, the invention of the telephone or
the invention of the phonograph?
Which came first, the invention of the telephone or
the invention of the phonograph?

Telephone
What is a device such as the microphone and
headset sometimes called?
What is a device such as the microphone and
headset sometimes called?

Reproducer
What distinguishes one electromagnetic wave from
another?
What distinguishes one electromagnetic wave from
another?

Frequency
The entire range of _____ of electromagnetic
radiation is called the frequency spectrum.
The entire range of _____ of electromagnetic
radiation is called the frequency spectrum.

Frequencies
When did the first transatlantic radio
communications took place?
When did the first transatlantic radio
communications took place?

1901
What determines the station that will be selected by
a tuner?
What determines the station that will be selected by
a tuner?

The resonant frequency of the

tuner.
Name a periodic waveform that consists of only odd
harmonics.
Name a periodic waveform that consists of only odd
harmonics.

Square wave
Best describe as an amplifier used in radio
telephony.
Best describe as an amplifier used in radio
telephony.

Class C
The audio is reconstructed from the radio wave by:
The audio is reconstructed from the radio wave by:

The action of a filter capacitor

connected across the headset
What is the main difference between an AF
amplifier and an RF amplifier?
What is the main difference between an AF
amplifier and an RF amplifier?

The range of frequencies that they

amplify
What is the purpose of conversion frequency
oscillator?
What is the purpose of conversion frequency
oscillator?

To provide a conversion frequency

What circuit is used to create vestigial transmission?
What circuit is used to create vestigial transmission?

Diplexer
What does AFC mean?
 What does AFC mean?

Automatic Frequency Control

Amplitude Modulation is the same as
Amplitude Modulation is the same as

Analog Multiplication
In a diode modulator the negative half of the AM
wave is supplied by a(n)
In a diode modulator the negative half of the AM
wave is supplied by a(n)

Tuned Circuit
Amplitude modulation can be produced by
Amplitude modulation can be produced by

Having the carrier vary a resistance

Amplitude modulators that vary the carrier
amplitude with the modulating signal by passing it
through an attenuator work on the principle of
Amplitude modulators that vary the carrier
amplitude with the modulating signal by passing it
through an attenuator work on the principle of

Variable resistance
The component used to produce AM at very high
frequencies is a
The component used to produce AM at very high
frequencies is a

Varactor
Amplitude modulation generated at a very low
voltage or amplification is known as
Amplitude modulation generated at a very low
voltage or amplification is known as

Low Level Modulation

The most commonly used amplitude demodulator is
the
The most commonly used amplitude demodulator is
the

Envelope Detector
A circuit that generates the upper and lower
sidebands but no carrier is called a(n)
A circuit that generates the upper and lower
sidebands but no carrier is called a(n)

Balanced Modulator
A widely used balanced modulator is called the
A widely used balanced modulator is called the

Lattice Modulator
In a diode ring modulator, the diodes act like
In a diode ring modulator, the diodes act like

Switches
The output of a balanced modulator is
The output of a balanced modulator is

DSB
The principal circuit in the popular 1496/1596 IC
balanced modulator is a
The principal circuit in the popular 1496/1596 IC
balanced modulator is a

Differential Amplifier
The most commonly used filter in SSB generators
uses
The most commonly used filter in SSB generators
uses

Crystals
The equivalent circuit of a quartz crystal is a
The equivalent circuit of a quartz crystal is a

Series Resonant circuit

Parallel Resonant Circuit
Where is ISB primarily used?
Where is ISB primarily used?

Telephone and telegraph

communications
What is a major problem with very high frequency
oscillator?
What is a major problem with very high frequency
oscillator?

poor frequency stability

What does ALC means?
 What does ALC means?

Automatic level control

What is an ideal pulse?
 What is an ideal pulse?

a perfect square wave with zero

rise time
What happens to the spectrum of repetitive pulse as
the pulse width decreases?
What happens to the spectrum of repetitive pulse as
the pulse width decreases?

a perfect square wave with zero

rise time
A major advantage of the vacuum tube is its need
for a _______ to give energy to the electrons.
A major advantage of the vacuum tube is its need
for a _______ to give energy to the electrons.

heater
Keyed AGC is AGC that:
 Keyed AGC is AGC that:

Is used is TV receivers so that

transmitted picture brightness does
not affect the AGC
What is the main disadvantage of a single-tube
transmitter
What is the main disadvantage of a single-tube
transmitter

Frequency instability
What is the name of the operation that uses an
antenna changeover switch?
What is the name of the operation that uses an
antenna changeover switch?

Simplex
Which of the following falls under the high
frequency band of the radio spectrum?
Which of the following falls under the high
frequency band of the radio spectrum?

8.2345 MHz
What is reduced by rounding off square-wave
emissions?
What is reduced by rounding off square-wave
emissions?

Bandwidth
What is gained by operating an oscillator on some
sub harmonic of the transmission frequency?
What is gained by operating an oscillator on some
sub harmonic of the transmission frequency?

Frequency stability
What type of coupling discriminates against
harmonic transmission?
What type of coupling discriminates against
harmonic transmission?

Inductive
What class of bias should produce least harmonics?
What class of bias should produce least harmonics?

Class A
What type of field does a Faraday shield stop?
What type of field does a Faraday shield stop?

Electrostatic
Term for transmission of printed picture by radio.
Term for transmission of printed picture by radio.

Facsimile
What is another name for an AF volume control?
What is another name for an AF volume control?

Gain
What device can be used to make a modulated envelope
visible?
What device can be used to make a modulated envelope
visible?

Oscilloscope
Which of the following is not an advantage of SSB over AM?
Which of the following is not an advantage of SSB over AM?

Simple receiver circuit

What is the result if a balanced modulator is not perfectly balanced?
What is the result if a balanced modulator is not perfectly balanced?

Carrier transmitted
If two signals are in quadrature, what is their phase relation?
If two signals are in quadrature, what is their phase relation?

90 degrees
What method can be used to invert speech?
What method can be used to invert speech?

Frequency translation
In SSB, voice compression is better in the AF or RF section?
In SSB, voice compression is better in the AF or RF section?

RF
 What is the circuit that changes modulated RF
to AF?
 What is the circuit that changes modulated RF
to AF?

Demodulator
What kind of crystal is used in oscillator?
What kind of crystal is used in oscillator?

Quartz
Which of the following services would use crystal local
oscillators?
Which of the following services would use crystal local
oscillators?

Aircraft
What does VOX mean?
What does VOX mean?

Voice-operated transmission
What is an NO RY?
What is an NO RY?

Normally Open Relay

What kind of system relays has remote readings?
What kind of system relays has remote readings?

Telemetering
What causes audio signals to be distorted in the
receiver?
What causes audio signals to be distorted in the
receiver?

Harmonics
Which of the following is not normally tested in a
transmitter?
Which of the following is not normally tested in a
transmitter?

Amplitude
Which of the following items need not to be
checked with receivers?
Which of the following items need not to be
checked with receivers?

Gain
What is the source of wheel static?
What is the source of wheel static?

Brakes
_______ Frequencies are exact multiples of the
fundamental frequency.
_______ Frequencies are exact multiples of the
fundamental frequency.

Harmonic
Amplitude distortion results from _______
amplification.
Amplitude distortion results from _______
amplification.

Nonlinear
A _____ is a resonant circuit tuned to reject an
undesired signal by reducing the gain at the trap
frequency
A _____ is a resonant circuit tuned to reject an
undesired signal by reducing the gain at the trap
frequency

Wave trap
A subcarrier has a(n) _____ frequency than the main
carrier.
A subcarrier has a(n) _____ frequency than the main
carrier.

Lower
Amplitude limiting in the IF section eliminates ___
interference from the FM signal.
Amplitude limiting in the IF section eliminates ___
interference from the FM signal.

AM
With which emission type is capture-effect most
pronounced?
With which emission type is capture-effect most
pronounced?

FM
The parameter of a high frequency carrier that may
be varied by a low frequency intelligence signal is
The parameter of a high frequency carrier that may
be varied by a low frequency intelligence signal is

Amplitude
Frequency
Phase
A carrier signal has ____.
A carrier signal has ____.

Constant peak amplitude

The type of emission for FM stereo(multiplex)
broadcasting is
The type of emission for FM stereo(multiplex)
broadcasting is

F8E
The method of generating FM used by broadcast
station is ______.
The method of generating FM used by broadcast
station is ______.

Direct
Indirect
Insertion
In TV broadcasting in the Philippines, the aspect
ratio of the picture frame is ____.
In TV broadcasting in the Philippines, the aspect
ratio of the picture frame is ____.

4:3
Horizontal blanking time in TV.
Horizontal blanking time in TV.

63.5 µs
The standard coaxial impedance for CATV
applications is_______.
The standard coaxial impedance for CATV
applications is_______.

75 ohms
 The service area in which the ground wave field of
1mV/m is not subject to objectionable interference.
 The service area in which the ground wave field of
1mV/m is not subject to objectionable interference.

Primary
Which frequency band is the standard AM radio
broadcast?
Which frequency band is the standard AM radio
broadcast?

MF
CATV trunk and feeder system amplifier input
voltage of _____.
CATV trunk and feeder system amplifier input
voltage of _____.

220 V
Which antenna does not use the ground?
Which antenna does not use the ground?

Yagi
The width of television broadcast channel
The width of television broadcast channel

6MHz
What happens to the bandwidth of an antenna as it
is shortened through the use of loading coils?
What happens to the bandwidth of an antenna as it
is shortened through the use of loading coils?

It is increased
What is the polarization of a discone antenna?
What is the polarization of a discone antenna?

Vertical
When speaking of antennas, ___________ is a
section which would be a complete antenna by
itself.
When speaking of antennas, ___________ is a
section which would be a complete antenna by
itself.

bay
In what range of frequencies are most
omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas
used?
In what range of frequencies are most
omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas
used?

VHF, UHF
 If the current ratios of the two or more elements
must be held 5% and the phase angle to 3 degrees,
the antenna is called a
 If the current ratios of the two or more elements
must be held 5% and the phase angle to 3 degrees,
the antenna is called a

critical phased array

A device that converts high frequency current into
electromagnetic wave.
A device that converts high frequency current into
electromagnetic wave.

Antenna
Which is a non-resonant antenna?
Which is a non-resonant antenna?

Rhombic antenna
Gain of a half-wave dipole antenna over isotropic.
Gain of a half-wave dipole antenna over isotropic.

2.15 dB
Very low signal strength in antenna.
Very low signal strength in antenna.

Null
 What is the gain of the Hertzian dipole over
isotropic antenna?
 What is the gain of the Hertzian dipole over
isotropic antenna?

1.76 dB
____________ is the measurement of a unilateral
antenna property of directivity.
____________ is the measurement of a unilateral
antenna property of directivity.

Beam width
In testing transmitter to prevent interfering with
other stations, which type of antenna must be used?
In testing transmitter to prevent interfering with
other stations, which type of antenna must be used?

Dummy antenna
The best solution of fading is
The best solution of fading is

space diversity
_____________ is the amount of uncertainty in a
system of symbols.
_____________ is the amount of uncertainty in a
system of symbols.

Entropy
Top loading is used in an antenna in order to
increase its _______________.
Top loading is used in an antenna in order to
increase its _______________.

effective height
All elements in a beam ____________ antenna are
in line.
All elements in a beam ____________ antenna are
in line.

collinear
Which does not use vertical polarization antenna?
Which does not use vertical polarization antenna?

FM Broadcasting
Lightning rods must be mounted a top structure not
less than ____________ above the highest point.
Lightning rods must be mounted a top structure not
less than ____________ above the highest point.

30 cm
_____________ is the antenna with a number of
half-wave antenna on it.
_____________ is the antenna with a number of
half-wave antenna on it.

Antenna array
Which antenna radiates an omnidirectional pattern
in the horizontal plane with vertical polarization?
Which antenna radiates an omnidirectional pattern
in the horizontal plane with vertical polarization?

Marconi antenna
An antenna with very high gain and very narrow
beamwidth.
An antenna with very high gain and very narrow
beamwidth.

Parabolic dish antenna

What determines antenna polarization?
What determines antenna polarization?

The direction of the electric field

vector
______________ is the horizontal pointing angle of
an antenna.
______________ is the horizontal pointing angle of
an antenna.

Azimuth
What is the estimated medium wind loading in the
Philippines for antenna tower design?
What is the estimated medium wind loading in the
Philippines for antenna tower design?

200 kph
Discone radiation pattern is
Discone radiation pattern is

omnidirectional
___________ is an open-ended slot antenna.
___________ is an open-ended slot antenna.

Notch antenna
Which antenna is a properly terminated?
Which antenna is a properly terminated?

Rhombic
What is the radiation characteristic of a dipole
antenna?
What is the radiation characteristic of a dipole
antenna?

Bidirectional
How will you increase the gain of an antenna?
How will you increase the gain of an antenna?

By focusing the radiated energy in

one desired direction
An antenna which is one-tenth wavelength long.
An antenna which is one-tenth wavelength long.

Elementary doublet
What is the minimum number of turns a helix
antenna must have?
What is the minimum number of turns a helix
antenna must have?

3
Which of the following improves antenna
directivity?
Which of the following improves antenna
directivity?

Parasitic element
The antenna radiates __________ polarized waves
when the transmitter antenna is horizontally
installed.
The antenna radiates __________ polarized waves
when the transmitter antenna is horizontally
installed.

horizontally
Comparing the signal strength arriving at the driven
element from the desired direction to the signal
strength reaching the driver from the opposite
direction.
Comparing the signal strength arriving at the driven
element from the desired direction to the signal
strength reaching the driver from the opposite
direction.

Beamwidth
______________ of an antenna is a measure of how
the antenna concentrates its radiated power in a
given direction.
______________ of an antenna is a measure of how
the antenna concentrates its radiated power in a
given direction.

Gain
Shortening effect of an antenna that makes it
appears as if it were 5% longer.
Shortening effect of an antenna that makes it
appears as if it were 5% longer.

End effect
Harmonic suppressor connected to an antenna.
Harmonic suppressor connected to an antenna.

Low-pass filter
A simple half-wavelength antenna radiates the
strongest signal
A simple half-wavelength antenna radiates the
strongest signal

at right angles to its axis

The current maximum in a Marconi antenna is found
at
The current maximum in a Marconi antenna is found
at

the base of the antenna

If an antenna is too short for the wavelength being
used, the effective length can be increased by
adding:
If an antenna is too short for the wavelength being
used, the effective length can be increased by
adding:

inductance in series
Which of the following antennas is used for testing
and adjusting a transmitter for proper modulation,
amplifier operation and frequency accuracy?
Which of the following antennas is used for testing
and adjusting a transmitter for proper modulation,
amplifier operation and frequency accuracy?

Dummy
How is it possible to lower the resonant frequency
of Hertz dipole antenna?
How is it possible to lower the resonant frequency
of Hertz dipole antenna?

By connecting an inductor in series

with the antenna
Which of the following antennas receive signals in
the horizontal plane equally well from all directions?
Which of the following antennas receive signals in
the horizontal plane equally well from all directions?

A vertical antenna which is a

quarter-wavelength long
If the length of a Hertz dipole is decreased
If the length of a Hertz dipole is decreased

its resonant frequency will be

increased
A one-quarter wavelength shunt-fed vertical
Marconi antenna
A one-quarter wavelength shunt-fed vertical
Marconi antenna

must have a vertical receiving

antenna for the best reception
A shunt-fed quarter-wavelength Marconi antenna
A shunt-fed quarter-wavelength Marconi antenna

has zero DC resistance to ground

The parasitic element of an antenna system will
The parasitic element of an antenna system will

increase its directivity

give the antenna unidirectional
properties
If the length of an antenna is changed from 2.5
meters to 2.8 meters, its resonant frequency will
If the length of an antenna is changed from 2.5
meters to 2.8 meters, its resonant frequency will

decrease
What is the effect of adding a capacitor in series
with an antenna?
What is the effect of adding a capacitor in series
with an antenna?

The antenna's resonant frequency

will increase
How does the electric field strength of a standard
broadcast station vary with the distance from the
antenna?
How does the electric field strength of a standard
broadcast station vary with the distance from the
antenna?

The field strength varies inversely

as the distance from the antenna
Stacking elements in a transmitting antenna system
Stacking elements in a transmitting antenna system

increases the field strength at the receiving antenna

increases the directivity of the transmitter antenna
A vertical loop antenna has a
 A vertical loop antenna has a

a bidirectional radiation pattern in

the horizontal plane
In order to get maximum radiation to all surrounding
points in the horizontal plane, the antenna used is a
In order to get maximum radiation to all surrounding
points in the horizontal plane, the antenna used is a

vertical quarter-wavelength rod

If the antenna current is doubled, the field strength
at a particular position is
If the antenna current is doubled, the field strength
at a particular position is

doubled
The rhombic antenna is primarily used for
The rhombic antenna is primarily used for

sky wave propagation

Actual height of antenna should be at least
Actual height of antenna should be at least

quarter wavelength
Which antenna is not properly terminated?
Which antenna is not properly terminated?

Resonant
_____________ is an antenna array which is highly
directional at right angles to the plane of the array?
_____________ is an antenna array which is highly
directional at right angles to the plane of the array?

Broadside array
The directivity pattern of an isotropic radiator is
The directivity pattern of an isotropic radiator is

a sphere
An isotropic radiator is
An isotropic radiator is

a hypothetical, omnidirectional
antenna
The purpose of stacking elements on an antenna.
The purpose of stacking elements on an antenna.

Sharper directional pattern

Increased gain
Improved band pass
The advantage of using top loading in a shortened
HF vertical antenna is
The advantage of using top loading in a shortened
HF vertical antenna is

improved radiation efficiency

Where are the voltage nodes in a half-wave
antenna?
Where are the voltage nodes in a half-wave
antenna?

At the feed point

In horizontal-dipole antenna, the polarization is
In horizontal-dipole antenna, the polarization is

in the horizontal direction

Increasing the electrical length of an antenna means
Increasing the electrical length of an antenna means

add an inductor in series

Stacking antennas at various angles results in
Stacking antennas at various angles results in

a more omnidirectional reception

What is driven element?
 What is driven element?

The element fed by the transmission

line
What is antenna bandwidth?
 What is antenna bandwidth?

The frequency range over which an

antenna can be expected to operate
satisfactorily
To lengthen an antenna electrically, add a
To lengthen an antenna electrically, add a

coil
What is the usual electrical length of a driven
element in an HF beam antenna?
What is the usual electrical length of a driven
element in an HF beam antenna?

1/2 wavelength
To electrically decrease the length of an antenna,
To electrically decrease the length of an antenna,

add a capacitor in the series

Strong interference from one particular station can
be eliminated by the use of
Strong interference from one particular station can
be eliminated by the use of

wave traps in the antenna circuitry

It is useful to refer to an isotropic radiator
 It is useful to refer to an isotropic radiator

when comparing the gains of

directional antennas
A disadvantage of using a trap antenna.
A disadvantage of using a trap antenna.

It will radiate harmonics

The input terminal impedance at the center of a
folded dipole antenna is
The input terminal impedance at the center of a
folded dipole antenna is

300 ohms
When a capacitor is connected in series with a
Marconi antenna?
When a capacitor is connected in series with a
Marconi antenna?

Antenna resonant frequency increases

Where are the current nodes in a half-wave
antenna?
Where are the current nodes in a half-wave
antenna?

At the ends
For a shortened vertical antenna, where should a
loading coil be placed to minimize losses and
produce the most effective performance?
For a shortened vertical antenna, where should a
loading coil be placed to minimize losses and
produce the most effective performance?

Near the center of the vertical radiator

The effect of adding parasitic elements of a Hertz
dipole is to
The effect of adding parasitic elements of a Hertz
dipole is to

increase the antenna's power gain

Stacking antenna elements
 Stacking antenna elements

increases sensitivity to weak signals

In the case of Marconi antenna, the actual length of
the radiating element is
In the case of Marconi antenna, the actual length of
the radiating element is

one-quarter wavelength
The antenna efficiency of an HF grounded vertical
antenna can be made comparable to that of a half-
wave antenna.
The antenna efficiency of an HF grounded vertical
antenna can be made comparable to that of a half-
wave antenna.

By installing a good ground radial

system
An antenna "efficiency" is computed by using one of
the following equations.
An antenna "efficiency" is computed by using one of
the following equations.

Efficiency = (radiation resistance /

total resistance) x 100%
Increasing the resonant frequency of an end-fed
Marconi antenna can be done by
Increasing the resonant frequency of an end-fed
Marconi antenna can be done by

adding a capacitor in series and

reducing the physical length
Factors that determine the radiation resistance of an
antenna.
Factors that determine the radiation resistance of an
antenna.

The location of the antenna with

respect to nearby objects
__________ is the angle between the half-power
radiation points.
__________ is the angle between the half-power
radiation points.

Beamwidth
What is the ratio of the maximum radiation intensity
to the average radiation intensity?
What is the ratio of the maximum radiation intensity
to the average radiation intensity?

Directivity gain
Good grounding is important for
Good grounding is important for

vertical antennas
An ungrounded antenna near the ground
An ungrounded antenna near the ground

acts as antenna array

One of the following is very useful as a multiband HF
receiving antenna
One of the following is very useful as a multiband HF
receiving antenna

Log-periodic
Which of the following antennas is best excited from
a waveguide?
Which of the following antennas is best excited from
a waveguide?

Horn
Indicate which of the following reasons for using
metal counterpoise with antennas is false.
Indicate which of the following reasons for using
metal counterpoise with antennas is false.

Protection of personnel working

underneath
Not a reason for the use of an antenna coupler.
Not a reason for the use of an antenna coupler.

To prevent reradiation of the local

oscillator
Which antenna is not a wideband?
Which antenna is not a wideband?

Marconi
One of the following is not a reason for the use of an
earth mat.
One of the following is not a reason for the use of an
earth mat.

protection of personnel working

underneath
One of the following makes an antenna physically
long but electrically short.
One of the following makes an antenna physically
long but electrically short.

Adding C in series
When antennas are closed to the ground, ________
polarization is ideal.
When antennas are closed to the ground, ________
polarization is ideal.

vertically polarized
_________ is an antenna made up of a number of
full wavelengths.
_________ is an antenna made up of a number of
full wavelengths.

Long wire
An energy which radiates in the form of radio waves,
infrared waves, light waves, x-rays, etc.
An energy which radiates in the form of radio waves,
infrared waves, light waves, x-rays, etc.

Electromagnetic
Which one is an antenna coupling unit?
Which one is an antenna coupling unit?

Diplexer
___________polarization is employed in AM
broadcasting.
___________polarization is employed in AM
broadcasting.

Vertical
___________polarization is employed in FM
broadcasting.
___________polarization is employed in FM
broadcasting.

Horizontal
Which antenna is not grounded at one end?
Which antenna is not grounded at one end?

Dipole
Which of the class station below is a regional
channel?
Which of the class station below is a regional
channel?

Class III-B
The permissible power in kW of stations II-A during
nighttime is
The permissible power in kW of stations II-A during
nighttime is

0.25 - 50
The television frequency which are now allocated to
the land mobile services.
The television frequency which are now allocated to
the land mobile services.

806 and 192 MHz

Numerical frequency band designation of Channel 9.
Numerical frequency band designation of Channel 9.

186 - 192 MHz

Cable TV systems originates from
Cable TV systems originates from

Pennsylvania
A term applied to third and higher order products,
which can greatly degrade the performance of a
system.
A term applied to third and higher order products,
which can greatly degrade the performance of a
system.

composite triple beat

A station similar to a translator station in terms of
equipment and service area, but is permitted to
originate programming from virtually any source.
A station similar to a translator station in terms of
equipment and service area, but is permitted to
originate programming from virtually any source.

Low Power Television (LPTV)

Three stations are licensed to eligible educational
entities for the distribution of program material to
students enrolled in instructional curricula.
Three stations are licensed to eligible educational
entities for the distribution of program material to
students enrolled in instructional curricula.

ITFS
ITFS means
ITFS means

Instructional Television Fixed Service

MDS means
MDS means

Multipoint Distribution Service

Direct broadcast satellite based allocation
Direct broadcast satellite based allocation

12.2 - 12.7 GHz for downlink and

17.3 - 17.8 GHz for uplink
What is the carrier frequency of an FM station with
channel number of 300?
What is the carrier frequency of an FM station with
channel number of 300?

107.9 MHz
If an FM station has an effective radiated power of
100 kW then it is under what class?
If an FM station has an effective radiated power of
100 kW then it is under what class?

Class C
The video signal amplitude determines the quality
of the picture otherwise known as
The video signal amplitude determines the quality
of the picture otherwise known as

contrast
_____ is defined as "to send out in all direction".
_____ is defined as "to send out in all direction".

broadcast
The ultimate Dolby surround system is the
The ultimate Dolby surround system is the

Dolby Prologic
A mechanism or device which enables the TV
camera to move in lateral and tilting motion.
A mechanism or device which enables the TV
camera to move in lateral and tilting motion.

pan/tilt device
Which of the following is the first component of any
MATV system to receive broadcast signals?
Which of the following is the first component of any
MATV system to receive broadcast signals?

antenna
Is the most common technique where apartment
houses, hotels, schools, condominiums, and multi-
unit buildings distribute TV and FM signals to a
number of receivers, using a single head-end.
Is the most common technique where apartment
houses, hotels, schools, condominiums, and multi-
unit buildings distribute TV and FM signals to a
number of receivers, using a single head-end.

CCTV
TV channels 2, 4, and 5 belong to
TV channels 2, 4, and 5 belong to

low band VHF

Which of the following is a solid state imaging
device?
Which of the following is a solid state imaging
device?

Charge Couple Device (CCD)

What is the local oscillator frequency in commercial
AM broadcast if it is equal to 455 kHz?
What is the local oscillator frequency in commercial
AM broadcast if it is equal to 455 kHz?

955 to 2055 kHz

What is the allowable deviation ratio of commercial
FM broadcast?
What is the allowable deviation ratio of commercial
FM broadcast?

5
_____ is the time duration for one horizontal trace.
_____ is the time duration for one horizontal trace.

52 μs
Facsimile permits remote duplications of which of
the following items?
Facsimile permits remote duplications of which of
the following items?

map
pictures
printed page
Television has a lot of features in common with
Television has a lot of features in common with

motion picture
The major component of the TV signal waveform is
the
The major component of the TV signal waveform is
the

video
For NTSC TV system, the image is scanned from
For NTSC TV system, the image is scanned from

top to bottom, left to right

One complete NTSC scanning cycle called field
consist of how many lines?
One complete NTSC scanning cycle called field
consist of how many lines?

525
The field rate in the NTSC television system.
The field rate in the NTSC television system.

60 Hz
What is the horizontal synchronous / blanking pulse
rate?
What is the horizontal synchronous / blanking pulse
rate?

15.75 Hz
What is the vertical blanking pulse rate?
What is the vertical blanking pulse rate?

60 Hz
The pulses riding on the vertical blanking pulse.
The pulses riding on the vertical blanking pulse.

equalizing (sync) pulse

serrated vertical sync pulses
Television camera pickup tube is called
Television camera pickup tube is called

vidicon or image orthicon or

plumbicon
The television picture tube magnetic fields can be
used for
The television picture tube magnetic fields can be
used for

beam focusing and beam deflection

What is the purpose of an indirectly-heated cathode
in a cathode ray tube?
What is the purpose of an indirectly-heated cathode
in a cathode ray tube?

beam production
Video modulation for television is
Video modulation for television is

both amplitude modulation and

vestigial sideband
Audio modulation for television is
Audio modulation for television is

frequency modulation
What is the maximum frequency deviation for audio
modulation in TV transmission?
What is the maximum frequency deviation for audio
modulation in TV transmission?

25 kHz
The video carrier and the audio carrier are separated
by _____ MHz
The video carrier and the audio carrier are separated
by _____ MHz

4.5
In practical image scanned at the NTSC rate, the
spectrum will include components clustered at the
fundamentals and harmonics of _____ kHz.
In practical image scanned at the NTSC rate, the
spectrum will include components clustered at the
fundamentals and harmonics of _____ kHz.

15.75
Brightness of an image is known as
Brightness of an image is known as

luminance
The colors at the vertices of the color triangle are
referred to as
The colors at the vertices of the color triangle are
referred to as

primary
A color signal which originate in the camera itself
with color television pickup?
A color signal which originate in the camera itself
with color television pickup?

red, green, blue

What are the three separate signals derived from a
matrix in a color TV transmitter?
What are the three separate signals derived from a
matrix in a color TV transmitter?

Y, I and Q
Range of a VHF television transmitter.
Range of a VHF television transmitter.

54 - 216 MHz
Range of a UHF television transmitter.
Range of a UHF television transmitter.

470 - 890 MHz

What is the approximate bandwidth occupied by the
chrominance video signal for color TV?
What is the approximate bandwidth occupied by the
chrominance video signal for color TV?

1.8 MHz
The colors found around the perimeter of the color
triangle are said to be
The colors found around the perimeter of the color
triangle are said to be

saturated
At what position of the color triangle will saturated
yellow be located?
At what position of the color triangle will saturated
yellow be located?

between red and green

What is the phase difference between the I and Q
color signal carriers?
What is the phase difference between the I and Q
color signal carriers?

90 deg
_____ is the most effective filter for separating
luminance and chrominance frequency components.
_____ is the most effective filter for separating
luminance and chrominance frequency components.

comb
The chrominance processing circuits can be
deactivated when monochrome broadcasts are
received by the
The chrominance processing circuits can be
deactivated when monochrome broadcasts are
received by the

color killer
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for
blanking?
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for
blanking?

75 %
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for
black?
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for
black?

70 %
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for
white?
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for
white?

0%
One should first perform _____ before a
convergence setup is performed.
One should first perform _____ before a
convergence setup is performed.

degaussing
If there are too many harmonics, one should check
the
If there are too many harmonics, one should check
the

coupling or tuning of circuits or

shielding
In transmitter amplifier design, an even-order
harmonics can be prevented or reduced by
In transmitter amplifier design, an even-order
harmonics can be prevented or reduced by

using a push-pull amplifier

The vertical and horizontal pulses are separated at
the
The vertical and horizontal pulses are separated at
the

sync separator
The reason why buffer stage is included in a
transmitter is to
The reason why buffer stage is included in a
transmitter is to

present a constant load to the

oscillator stage
Where is the operating position of a radio station?
Where is the operating position of a radio station?

at the control point

The alignment of the three color guns to a common
point is known as
The alignment of the three color guns to a common
point is known as

convergence
A _____ is equivalent to 525 scanning lines.
A _____ is equivalent to 525 scanning lines.

frame
A _____ represents one set of 262 1/2 scanning
lines.
A _____ represents one set of 262 1/2 scanning
lines.

field
The number of scanning lines is _____ per second.
The number of scanning lines is _____ per second.

15,750