CMC

(COORDINATED
MASTER CONTROL)
Definitions:

1) CMC:
Basically to control internal parameter’s of unit like (1) M S
Pressure, (2) Load. Also to coordinate sensitive turbine and slow
response of boiler auxiliaries, Good for network and Unit stability.
Both Boiler and Turbine control ON Auto.
 2) BFM:
Boiler follow turbine. Turbine on Load control- Boiler ON Auto-
control pressure with BLI as feed forward. MW demands are met by
Turbine firstly and lesser importance to unit stability.
 3) TFM:
Turbine follow Boiler. Boiler Master on manual control. Pressure
control. Turbine maintains pressure by varying MSCV ,Unit load
depends on steam output from boiler Best for unit stability
RUNBACK MODE.

under runback conditions the firing for the boiler

must be reduced to preset values, as close as possible to the
tolerable limits. Therefore the swings of firing rate caused
by the action of the PID controller must be avoided. As
consequence of this condition the system has to switched to
pure feed forward to control where the firing rate set point
is directly proportional to load capability signal. To avoid
any mismatch between steam production of the boiler and
the turbine load turbine has to be switched to initial
pressure control.
 04) RUNBACK:
In R/B mode boiler controls give command in proportion to unit
capability. Turbine – Pre. Control. R/B mode sets in automatically.
 
05) BOILER MASTER:
Basically a pressure controller

F/F Pre. Set point Actual pressure

+
BM
FEED FORWARD SIGNAL
 GNI OUTPUT - CMC
BLI - B.F.M
PRTD - T.F.M
GET BYPASSED - R/B
06) G N I :
Control tracking generator or set point control module. Generates
increase/decrease rate.
 Target to GNI:

CMC : Load dispatch center or unit- master [frequency

corrected]
BFM : Boiler demand (BM O/P)
TFM : Actual Load.
R/B : Unit capability.
 
07) UNIT CAPABILITY:
Capability to produce MW at that instant, W.C signal depends on the
number of auxiliaries in service and their contribution is expressed as
MW signal, which they can support.
08) FGMO:
Free Governing mode of operation Intro duce critical external parameter
i.e. freq. of network to our control system. To ensure stability of network
or grid it is necessary to have frequency regulation in CMC/EHC. But
frequency is network parameter, which cannot be controlled by few units
in the network. Total disturbance in network will be passed on to the
units having regulation by the many units do not have regulation.
09) CMC TABLE

Input
Boiler Feed Input
Mode Turbine controls To Boiler
To turbine control
controls Forward
Controls
Throttle Pressure Steam Flow MW error
BFM Pressure
MW
error [BLI] (Load controller active)

Pressure MW error MW error

CMC Pressure MW
error GNI O/P (Load controller active)

MW & Throttle- pressure PRTD

Pressure Pressure Turbine
TFM [Manual at
(Pressure
error load set
Pressure error
KORBA] controller active) point
Produces Throttle- pressure UNIT
RUN steam as per BM
unit
(Pressure Capability Pressure error
BACK Bypassed
capability controller active) Signal
BOILER FOLLOW
MODE
1. Turbine on load control
2. Boiler master on Auto-controls throttle steam Pressure with
steam flow as feed forward. Varying fuel I/P (firing rate) in the
furnace.

In this mode boiler has to supply the steam for whatever

load has been set from Turbine desk. In this way if the throttle
steam reaches a limit (10 kg below the set throttle steam Pr.)
“limit Pr. Engaged” condition comes and load would be scarified
to maintain/restore the throttle steam Pr.
 BOILER FOLLOW
  MODE
 
 
P
 
-  
 
 
+ - PR.
 
B
 
 
 
 
PID   PI G
T
FUEL  
MW F
FIRING  
DEVICE U F
 
+ -
MW SET
PT.
 
SELECTION OF BOILER FOLLOW MODE ( BFM)

1. Put air control on auto (at least one FD fan)

2. Put feeders speed control on auto after varying fuel master(FM) output
and making feeder speed controller error zero.
3. Vary Blr. Master O/P so that FM error becomes zero. Then put FM on
auto.
4. Make throttle pr. Set point and actual pr. Difference zero.
5. Put BM on auto.
If unit in turbine follow or coordinated mode change over to boiler
follow occurs under following condition :-
turbine goes to manual because of any reason or operator action
Pr CMC - Pr Lim > 60MW
TURBINE FOLLOW MODE: -

1. Boiler manually controlled

2. Turbine master On Auto -controls throttle steam Pre.
(With steam flow as feed forward) by varying load.

In T.F.M Pr. Controller comes into picture and the

throttle Steam Pre. Varies the opening of MSCV to
maintain the set throttle steam Pre.
   TURBINE FOLLOW MODE
 
 
 
-
P  
 
 
PR.
 
SET PT. +  
B PI
 
 
MW SET
 
PT.   T G
FUEL   N
FIRING
  F
DEVICE
+  -
PI  
- 
 
SELECTION OF TURBINE FOLLOW MODE ( TFM)

1. Boiler master on manual.

2. Throttle pressure deviation zero.
3. Turbine in auto.
4. Press. Turbine flow push button along with manual release on CMC desk
and turbine goes to initial pressure mode from LMT mode by itself.
5. Now load set point can be changed by varying the boiler master
manually.
 + +
Unit Target Freq. Deviation correction
Load

Boiler Turbine

CMC LOOP Logic Unit Load

Min
basic Capability

Runback Load Rate (Set)

Min
Permissive Load Rate form
Tracking integrator turbine stress evaluator (ESE)

Guidance load signal

+ + + -
PR.CORRECTION ±
CKT. P
PID Boiler Throttle
Controller Pr. error TURBINE CONT.

- +

Turbine
Pressure Set Signal PI Controller

Steam PR.

BOILER GEN MW
CMC controls the plant treating boiler and turbine as a unit. It aims is to generate
desired ‘MW’ O/P through coordinate regulation of boiler I/P & O/P (turbine I/P).
Turbine must not increase load without taking firing /boiler inertia in
consideration.
CMC coordinate sensitive turbine & slow response boiler & Auxiliaries.
IN CMC Boiler master on Auto
Turbine master on Auto
Unit master - Receiving load demand from ALDC or Manually
from desk.
In cmc sets the MW set point which will be pursued by boiler master by taking
throttle pressure error as final trimming input signal. Turbine will control the
MW by taking mw error as input. Th.pre. error will not be effecting the the mw
till it is beyond limits. Boiler master will change the air & fuel to provide the
desired steam. The respond will be slow when compared to turbine response. So it
may be reemphasized that this mode of operation gives maximum stability to the
units with optimum response taking boiler & turbine as a unit.
Pressure correction curve is basically a bridge between the slow boiler & fast
responding turbine control. Performance of CMC largely depends on the proper
tuning of the curve. Tuning of the curve varies with boiler & fuel .
 Pressure Correction in CMC
Under normal operating conditions including small load (pressure) variation
boiler and turbine are controlled independently as per set point from GNI. Any
unbalance in power generation and power consumption due to frequency variation in
FGMO , throttle pressure may increase or decrease which may cause dangerous
condition in the boiler.

If DP (Set throttle pre.- Actual throttle pre.) variation goes below set point
( - ve pressure deviation) , boiler storage capacity is used. However, any large variation
in throttle pressure shall restrict the Turbine output till the Boiler has produced the
additional output to match the increased demand. Similarly in case of +ve pressure
deviation turbine output will increase.

MW Note:-
THROTTLE PRESSURE (DP) correction
starts at +/- 1Kg and acts upto +/- 2Kg. It will
15MW add or subtract +/- 15 MW to the GNI output,
2 Kg 1 Kg 1 Kg thereby generating pressure corrected GNI
2 Kg output to EHC.
- DP
+ DP
15MW
 FREQUENCY INFULENCE ON CMC

K F

Min
+
GNI Frequency & Pr.
Unit O/p
P + Connected GNI O/P to EHC
Master +
- Adder
-
--
Maxn
Min

Pre. Correction
M
I
N M
A
X
1.5 % + + Delay
Adder Frequency connected GNI O/P P
Th.Pre. Set.Pre

MW F/F

Boiler master
10 PI+D
MW
3012

3992
20
MW

Air master Fuel master

 Frequency influence Turbine
load limiter UNIT Capability
M
LDC I
CMC UNIT load rate
N M + M
Unit
A I Target of unit M
Master
X +
P N I
-
TFM
N TSE upper margin
BFM UNIT
MAX
LOAD MAX COORDINATER
Runback limit
UNIT MIN
GNI
MIN

LIMITING M M
BLOCK A I TSE lower margin
X N
+
Actual TFM
+

MW P
D action

Boiler Delay
PR (CMC
demand BFM
+ P set
Pt to turbine)
P BLI

CMC
BFM F(x)
PULV A -J PRTD Set.Pre Th.Pre
F/D
PA FAN A
PA FAN B M Capability TFM
I + + + -

N Runback in
-
action Boiler master
PI+D

load
CMC LOOP Air master Fuel master

ST#II KORBA
 Max Min

Load Setter Max / Min.

Limiter EHC
TSE Influence

+ + +
( f) Load
Load +
Reference
+
+

GNI +
M
Load
+
I +
25MW
+ N
0. 2HZ
Delay Load
0. 125 HZ
Freq controller
Throttle Pressure Set. 40MW
-

+ +
Load Limiter
+

-
Pressure Frequency
Correction Unloading
Frequency
Actual Pressure Influence Characteristic
ON
Boiler Master

CMC LOOP
 TOTAL COAL FLOW

28.6%
85.7%
B

TOTAL OIL FLOW

X001 XM03 XP01 PT3 X001

-
-
Y1 Y2 A A
X Y P + P
B +
3X1.01

MW GENERATED

Y2 B/M O/P AIR

Y1
+ + CV Correction loop manipulates the coal
MIN
flow measurement signal by increasing or
XP01 P decreasing it, to show less coal is going
when coal quality is bad and more when
coal is good the effect is limited to 85% to
CV 100% of actual coal flow
FUEL MASTER
CORRECTED
COAL FLOW

CV CORRECTION
LOOP
A B J
 TOTAL FUEL FLOW BOILER DEMAND

AIR
Max
XN01
MASTER
XN01
LOOP
Max
TOTAL AIR
FLOW
RS04
HK7715D Y
W PI OXYGEN
P XP01 RL MASTER

Ui
80% XM02
20% ( = 0..1)
Ua = Ui 

XN01 + +


Max
O2 Correction loop manipulates the total
XN01
airflow measurement by increasing or
TOTAL MIN
AIR FLOW AIR FLOW decreasing O2 master to show less
AIR FLOW
DEMAND air/more air is flowing. This influence is
- + limited to 30% of the total air flow
AIR MASTER [Presently]

FDA FDB
O2 TRIM -

A section station and a setter for oxygen set point are provided
to achieve the desired excess air. If variable O2 set point (SP) is
selected, set point is generated by a function generator which is a
function of max ( air flow SP and total air flow). In other mode SP is set
from UCB. O2 in flue gas is compared with this SP and error is fed to
PI controller, output of which is limited between 0.8 and 1.2% of total
air flow.
 SELECTION OF CMC
1. Put air control on auto (at least one FD fan)
2. Put feeders speed control on auto after varying fuel master(FM) output
and making feeder speed controller error zero.
3. Vary Blr. Master O/P so that FM error becomes zero. Then put FM on
auto.
4. Make throttle pr. Set point and actual pr. Difference zero.
5. Put BM on auto.
6. Increase /decrease unit master output so that it becomes equal to actual
load. (wait unit load set value and load value matches as shown in the
CMC panel digital indicator).
7. Form TG desk put turbine control on auto.
8. Press coordinated push button along with manual release on CMC desk.
 FEED RATE

CURVE
GENERATOR
Generator

UCB Set Point

Max

Mill PA Flow

+ -
Controller

HAD

MILL PA FLOW GENERATION

CURVE
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  CURVE GENERATOR
SETTINGS  XU01 CARD
HAD SET POINT FOR PA FLOW AS
PER FEED RATE
 
 

FEED RATE (T/H) MILL PA FLOW SETPOINT (T/H)

0 70
17.5 75
20 77
30 92.5
40 96.5
50 100
60 105
70 108
 CURVE GENERATOR SETTING

140

120
108
105

100
MILL PA FLOW SETPOINT(T/H)
100
96.5
92.5

80
77
75
70
60

40

20

0
0 17.5 20 30 40 50 60 70

FEED RATE(T/H)
 TOTAL FUEL FLOW ~
A/M  PA FLOW FROM MILLS MAX
O2 O2

MAX - FLUE -

GAS O2
ANY 6 MILLS
P A RS04
A B C D E J AW02
/M
SEC.   PI AW
AIR FLOW (L)
Σ   MAX RL
MW AIR FLOW
  OOO +
SEC. Σ/n
AIR FLOW (R)  
 
80%
+
 
 
Σ ( = 0.1)
  20%
  + + - - + +
TOTAL AIR P Ua= Ui X∞
Σ
 
 
GAIN CHANGE PI
 
AIR FLOW CONTROL SCHEME
RL
 
  ( EXCESS AIR)
Y
 
 
- + + - - +
 
 
 
PI   PI
RL   RL OOO
OOO
Y Act Y Act
Y    Y  
 

+ +
 
 
 
AW02 P AW02
-
-  
  + - + -
 
 
- F(X)
FD FAN A BLADE BIAS FD FAN B BLADE
F(X) -
< PITCH PITCH <
THANK YOU