STRESS

TRANSFORMATION
INTRODUCTION
o Consider a state of plane stress
o Mohr’s circle helps us in determining the
maximum and minimum values of normal
stress i.e. principal stresses
o What about the maximum value of shear
stress?
o Is the in-plane maximum shear stress the
real maximum shear stress?
o Can the maximum shear stress be out-of-
plane?
 HOW TO FIND MAXIMUM
SHEAR STRESS?
o Consider the tensile in-plane principal stresses
acting at a point
o We can have three two dimensional views of the
element
 CLASS ACTIVITY
o Draw Mohr’s circles for each of the given cases

𝜎2
𝜎1 𝜎1
𝜎2

0 0 0
 CLASS ACTIVITY
o Combine the Mohr’s circles for each of the given cases using a single axis

𝜎2
𝜎1 𝜎1
𝜎2

0 0 0
 MAXIMUM SHEAR
STRESS 𝜏 𝑥´ ´𝑧
𝜏 𝑥´ 𝑦´
Maximum in-plane shear stress: 𝜏 ´𝑦 𝑧´
yz plane - 𝜎2
𝜎1
0
xy plane -
xz plane -

For all three circles, the maximum in-plane

shear stress is 𝜏 𝑥´ 𝑦´
𝜏 𝑥´ ´𝑧
The absolute maximum shear stress 𝜏 ´𝑦 𝑧´
where and have the same sign 0
𝜎1
𝜎2

and have opposite signs

Note: In second case, the maximum in-plane and absolute
maximum shear stress are the same
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM
SHEAR STRESS
Important when designing members made of a ductile material, as
strength depends on shear resistance
 EXAMPLE
The point on the surface of the
cylindrical pressure vessel in figure is
subjected to the state of plane stress

Determine the absolute maximum shear

stress at this point
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
 EXAMPLE
Due to an applied loading, an element at the point on a machine shaft is
subjected to the state of plane stress shown in the figure.
Determine the principal stresses and the absolute maximum shear stress at
the point
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
PRACTICE PROBLEM SET
Problem 9.84 – 9.91