DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

TELANGANA STATE

Name : G.NAVEEN
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Civil Engineering
Institute : GOVT POLTECHNIC
HUSNABAD
Year/Semester : llI Semester
Subject : Engineering Mechanics
Subject Code : CE-302
Topic : Centroid of Hollow sections
 Hollow sections

• Some times we may come across an area where certain

portion of it is removed. Such sections are termed as
Hollow sections

2
Centroid of plane figures having hollow portions

• In some applications it may be necessary to remove

certain area from section, which are termed as hollow

sections.
• The centroid of such areas shall be found by treating the

cut out portion as the negative area, and the section

with out cut out portion is treated as positive.

Net Area = A1 – A2 A2 A1

3
Centroids of Hollow sections Analytical method:

It is known that Moment of area of a lamina

about any given axis
= Algebraic sum of moments of areas
A x  a1 x1  a 2 x 2
Area of hollow sections = AH = A1 – A2

a 1. x 1  a 2. x 2
x A2 A1
a1  a 2
a 1. y 1  a 2. y 2
y
a1  a 2
4
 Example:
B C

1. In a rectangular lamina 100 x

180 mm size, a rectangular
opening of 80 x 40 mm is
130
made as shown in fig. Find
180
the position of centroid of
the remaining area from the
top as shown in fig.1
40

10
A D
Note: All dimensions are In ‘mm’ 10 80 10
Fig. 1
5
Co-ordinate system:

• Choose the co-ordinate system such that the entire

lamina lies in the first quadrant so that centroid
distances x, y are positive

Consideration of areas: A1 180 mm

Area of portion before cutting = a1

Area of cut out portion = a2
100 mm
A2 40 mm

80 mm

6
 Axis of symmetry:

Observe that there exists a vertical axis about which the lamina
is symmetrical, hence the centroid of the lamina lies on this
axis of symmetry. And, the axis of symmetry lies at a distance
of 50 mm. Hence, (Refer fig.2)

100
x = x 1= x 2= =50 m m from the origin
2

7
 Y
C Y
B

Centroid

130
180 x  x1

y1
y
40 x  x2
40
y2
A 10
O D 0
X 80 X
10 80 10

Area a1 Fig.2
Area a2

8
a1 = 180 x 100 = 18,000 mm2

a2 = 80 x 40 = 3,200 mm2

Taking OX & OY as reference axes

y1 = 180/2 = 90 mm

y2 = 10 + 40/2 = 30 mm

a 1.y1-a 2.y2
y=
a 1-a 2

9
 (18000  90  3200  30 )
y 
(18000  3200 )

y = 102.973 mm above base

The centroid of the given lamina lies at

(x , y) i.e., (50 mm, 102.973 mm)

10