Blood vessels

9th class biology

Chapter : transport
Heart structure overview
 Blood vessels?

Introduction

Blood vessels are hollow tubes like pipes that carry blood throughout the animal body.

Function
Blood vessels provide a safe pathway to blood as the blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to all parts of
your body and removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide.

Composition
Blood vessels contain only smooth muscle cells. These muscle cells reside within the tunica media along
with elastic fibers and connective tissue
 Types of Blood vessels?

Three types

Veins Capillaries Arteries

 Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart

Function
In adults, all arteries with the exception of the pulmonary arteries, carry
oxygenated blood

Structure
When arteries
The outermost innermost The hollow enter body
The walls of The middle
layer is made layer is made internal cavity organs, they
an artery are one is made
up of up of in which blood divide into
composed of up of smooth endothelial flows is called smaller vessels
connective
three layers muscles and cells. lumen known as
tissue
elastic tissue arterioles.
Cross section of
Arteries
 Capillaries
smallest blood vessels present in tissues

Function
exchange of materials between blood and tissue fluid is carried out through capillaries

Structure
is so thin that
The walls of Capillaries are so small
molecules of the Waste products
capillaries are that the red blood cells
digested food, such as carbon
composed of only need to partially fold
oxygen and water dioxide and urea
a single layer of into bullet-like shapes in
etc. can pass can diffuse from
cells order to pass through
through them and tissue fluid into
i.e. endothelium them in single file.
enter tissue fluid. blood.
 Veins
A vein is a blood vessel that carries blood towards heart

Function
In adults, all veins with the exception of pulmonary veins, carry deoxygenated blood.

Structure
middle layer
walls of vein In a tissue, Most veins
of vein has The lumen of
are composed So, the capillaries have flaps
less smooth the veins is
of the same middle layer join to form called valves
muscles and broader than
three layers as of vein is small venules, that prevent
elastic tissue that of
are present in comparatively which join to the backflow
as compared arteries.
artery wall, thin form veins. of blood.
to artery
Veins
Exchange of Blood Vessels
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