Science

Quarter 3 – Module 3
Nervous System
 LESSON 1 :
PARTS AND FUNCTIONS
OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM
After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. describe the parts and functions of the nervous system;

2. create a concept map of the nervous system; and

3. cite ways on how to care for the nervous system.

What is the nervous system?

The nervous system is your body's decision

and communication center
The nervous system is made up of two main divisions

Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System

(CNS) (PNS)

• composed of the brain • includes all of the nerves.

and the spinal cord
that receives and
processes all
information from all
parts of the body
 THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

A. The Brain

The brain is the control center of the nervous system

• parts: Forebrain, Midbrain and Hindbrain.

• regions: the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem.
 THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

A. The Brain
 THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
B. The Spinal Cord
• about 40-50 cm long.
• the brain and the body becomes interconnected
• Composing the nerve tissues of the cord is a
gray and white matter
• transmits impulses all over the body to and
from the brain.
• responsible for involuntary movements.
grey matter contains the cell bodies, dendrites and the axon
terminals, where all synapses are. The white matter is made up of
axons, which connect different parts of grey matter to each other
 THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

The PNS contains all the nerves outside the brain and the spinal
cord. It carries impulses from the sensory nerves to the CNS
and from the CNS to the motor nerves. The PNS is further
divided into two more divisions – the somatic and autonomic
nervous systems.
 THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

A. The Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

• regulates the activities that are under conscious control.

• It includes all the nerves controlling the muscular system
and external sensory receptors.
• Specifically, these receptors refer to the external sense
organs – the eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue.
 THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

B. The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

• regulates all activities that are considered as involuntary

or those reflexes that are done without conscious will.
• subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic
nervous systems
 THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

B. The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

1. Sympathetic - It is known as the “fight or flight

response” which controls the internal functions of the
body in times of stress. In addition, it is responsible for
the acceleration of heart rate, the constriction of blood
vessels and the rise of blood pressure.
 THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

B. The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

2. Parasympathetic – It is known as the “rest and

digest” which is the opposite of the sympathetic
nervous system. It controls the internal functions at
rest. Thus, it slows down the heart rate and
increases the intestinal and gland activities
What are the
ways in care
our the nervous
system?