No.

of
Students Class
Grades (f) Mark (x) fx <cf
90-94 2
92 184 30
85-89 5
87 435 28
80-84 8
82 656 23
75-79 12
77 924 15
70-74 3
72 216 3

Continue
 No. of
Students Class
Grades (f) Mark (x) fx <cf
90-94 2 92 184 30
85-89 5 87 435 28
80-84 8 82 656 23
75-79 12 77 924 15
70-74 3 72 216 3
Measures of Central
Tendency

MEAN
MEDIAN
MODE
 Measures of Central Tendency

• Numbers that are used to described set of data.

• That indicate the center or the most typical value of set data are
called Measures of Central Tendency often more simply referred to
as average.

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 Mean

• The average value of all data in the set.

• The most important,
Use themost
MEAN;frequently used
measure of central
1. tendency.
when the scores in a distribution are more or less
symmetrically grouped about a central point;
2. when the research problem requires a measure of
central tendency that will also form the basis of
other statistics such as measures ofcentral tendency.
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Mean

The Mean for Grouped Data

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 Example:

No. of
Students Class
Grades (f) Mark (x) fx <cf
90-94 2 92 184 30
85-89 5 87 435 28
80-84 8 82 656 23
75-79 12 77 924 15
70-74 3 72 216 3
N= 30 fx= 2415

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 Median

• The cetral value of an ordered distribution.

Use the MEDIAN;

1. when the research problem calls for the knowledge of the exact midpoint of
a distribution.
2. when the extreme values distort the mean as in our hypothetical example of
annual marriage, ceremonies, the mean reflects extreme values, the median
does not;
3. when dealing with “oddly-shaped” distributions.

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Median

The Median for Grouped Data

Where;
LLR = Lower real limit
n/2 = half of total frequency
<cf = cumulative number of frequency
f = frequency
i = interval
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 Example:

No. of
Students Class
Grades (f) Mark (x) fx <cf
90-94 2 92 184 30
85-89 5 87 435 28
80-84 8 82 656 23
75-79 12 77 924 15
70-74 3 72 216 3
N= 30 fx= 2415

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 Example:

No. of
Students Class
Grades (f) Mark (x) fx <cf
90-94 2 92 184 30
85-89 5 87 435 28
80-84 8 82 656 23
75-79 12 77 924 15
70-74 3 72 216 3
N= 30 fx= 2415

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 Mode

Use the Mode ;

1. when all that is required is a quick and appropriate way of determining
central tendency.
2. when referring to what is average.
• The value which occurs most frequently in the set.

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Mode

The Mode for Grouped Data

Where;
LLR = Lower real limit

d1 = difference between the highest frequency and the frequency

below it

d2 = difference between the highest frequency and the

frequency above it.
i = class interval
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 Example:

No. of
Students Class
Grades (f) Mark (x) fx <cf
90-94 2 92 184 30
85-89 5 87 435 28
80-84 8 82 656 23
75-79 12 77 924 15
70-74 3 72 216 3
N= 30 fx= 2415

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 Example:

No. of
Students Class
Grades (f) Mark (x) fx <cf
90-94 2 92 184 30
85-89 5 87 435 28
80-84 8 82 656 23
75-79 12 77 924 15
70-74 3 72 216 3
N= 30 fx= 2415
77.96
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 Example # 2:Solve for the measures of central tendecy.
No. of
Class Students Mean
Interval (f) Class Mark (x) fx <cf
15-17 1 16 16 1
18-20 0 19 0 1
21-23 1 22 22 2
24-26 2 25 50 4
27-29 12 28 336 16
30-32 6 31 186 22
33-35 10 34 340 32
36-38 2 37 74 34
39-41 1 40 40 35
N= 35 fx= 1064
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 Example # 2:Solve for the measures of central tendecy.
No. of
Class Students Median
Interval (f) Class Mark (x) fx <cf
15-17 1 16 16 1
18-20 0 19 0 1 n/2 = 35/2 = 17.5
21-23 1 22 22 2 LL R = 29.5
24-26 2 25 50 4 <cf = 16
f=6
27-29 12 28 336 16 i=3
30-32 6 31 186 22
29.5 + [17.5 – 16 ] 3
33-35 10 34 340 32 6
36-38 2 37 74 34 29.5 + (1.5 ) 3
6
39-41 1 40 40 35 29.5 + 0.75 30.25
fx=
N=35Aa 1064
 Example # 2:Solve for the measures of central tendecy.
No. of
Class Students Mode
Interval (f) Class Mark (x) fx <cf
15-17 1 16 16 1
18-20 0 19 0 1 LL R = 26.5
21-23 1 22 22 2 d1 = 12 - 2 = 10
d2 = 12 – 6 = 6
24-26 2 25 50 4 i=3
27-29 12 28 336 16
30-32 6 31 186 22 26.5 + [ 10 ] 3
10 + 6
33-35 10 34 340 32
26.5 + [ 10 ] 3
36-38 2 37 74 34 16

39-41 1 40 40 35 26.5 + 1.88

fx= 28.38
N=35Aa 1064
 Generalization:

Mean – is the average value of all data in the set

Median – is the central value of an ordered distribution
Mode - is the value which occurs most frequently in the
set.
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 Direction: Solve the mean, median and mode of the given data.

No. of Students
Grades (f) Class Mark (x) fx <cf
1-5 4 3 12 4

6-10 3 8 24 7

11-15 8 13 104 15

16-20 9 18 162 24

21-25 1 23 23 25

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