GZ CURVE REVISION

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

With the aid of sketches explain the
changes/likely changes in a GZ curve due to:
• A rise in G
• A horizontal shift of Cargo
• An initially stable vessel becoming unstable due to a rise in G
• Bilging an empty midships compartment
• An increase in beam

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

A rise in G

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Effect on GZ curve of a vertical shift of G
D

GV ZV

G Z

K B

D
Reduction = GGv sin q

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Effect of Vertical Rise of G on GZ
Curve (p 2) Curve A
Righting lever
curve BEFORE
shift in G.
GMA

GMA

Angle of
heel

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Effect of Vertical Rise of G on GZ
Curve (p 2) Curve A
Righting lever
Reduction = GGv sinѲ curve BEFORE
shift in G.
GMA

Curve B
Righting lever
curve AFTER
shift in G.
GMB

GMA
GMB

Angle of
heel
GM
?

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Effect of Vertical Rise of G on GZ
Curve (p 2) Curve A
Righting lever
Reduction = GGv curve BEFORE
sinѲ shift in G.
GMA

Curve B
Righting lever
curve AFTER
shift in G.
GMB
Residual
Dynamic
Stability
GMA
GMB

Angle of heel
It can be seen that raising G;
• decreases initial stability
• decreases the range of stability
• decreases GZ levers
• dynamic stability at all angles of heel is
reduced CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential
Horizontal shift of G

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Effect on GZ curve of a horizontal shift of G
D
Reduction = GGH cos q

Z
G
GH ZH
B

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

 Effect of Horizontal shift of G on
GZ Curve (p 12)
For EXAMS
Righting lever curve before shift in G

GZ (m)

GM
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
57.3
Angle of Heel (°)

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

 Effect of Horizontal shift of G on
GZ Curve (p 12)
For EXAMS
Righting lever curve before shift in G

Heeling arm curve after horizontal

shift in G
GZ (m)

GM
GGH

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
57.3
θLIST Angle of Heel (°)

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

 For EXAMS it
can be seen

Righting lever curve before shift in G

Heeling arm curve after horizontal

shift in G

Residual Dynamic Stability

GZ (m)

GM
GGH

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
57.3
θLIST Angle of Heel (°)
GZ values reduced due to horizontal shift of G:
GGH x cos θ
θDE an angle of list,
reduces the angle of vanishing stability,
and reduces the range of stability CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential
 Righting lever curve before
For EXAMS it shift in G
can be seen Heeling arm curve after
horizontal shift of G
GZ (m)

GM
GGH

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
GZ values reduced 57.3
θList Angle of Heel (°)
due to horizontal
shift of G: GGH x cos θ

θDE an angle of list,

reduces the angle of vanishing stability,
and reduces the range of stability
CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential
• Loll

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Loll

GZ
(m)

57.3 Angle of heel °

Angle of loll

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Bilging Midships comp

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

GZ curve before bilging

GZ (m)

GM
before
bilging

Heel °
What happens to; GM after bilging?
Freeboard / DEI?
GZ curve?
CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential
GZ curve after bilging
Note fbd reduced
DEI sooner

GZ (m)
After
Before

Heel °

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Increase in beam

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

 Increasing beam at constant draft
& fbd (p 18)

Righting lever curve NARROW beam

GM?
GZ (m)

GM
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
57.3
Angle of Heel (°)

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

 Increasing beam at constant draft
& fbd (p 18)

Righting lever curve NARROW beam

GM increase
GZ (m)

GM
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
57.3
Angle of Heel (°)

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

 Increasing beam at constant draft
& fbd (p 18)

Righting lever curve NARROW beam

θDE Righting lever curve WIDE beam

GM increase
GZ (m)

GM
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
57.3
Angle of Heel (°)
The greater beam increases the vessel's stiffness over the
whole range of positive stability, particularly at the smaller
angles of heel.
The two curves converge at 90-o heel.
may converge actually variable!!!
CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential
 Righting lever curve NARROW beam

Righting lever curve WIDE beam

GM increase
GZ (m)

GM
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
57.3
θDE
θDE
Angle of Heel (°)

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential

Summary: Effect of Beam
• Increase in beam
• Increase in GM
• Increase GZ
• Increase in dynamic stability
• DEI earlier
• Range +ve stab - varies

CLASSIFICATION: 2 - Internal / Non-Confidential