…

WELCOME
TO
OUR CLASS
(2ND QUARTER)
PE - 1
 …NUTRITION…
Nutrients
Are substances found in food that perform
three major functions in the body:
(1) provide energy,
(2) help regulate metabolism, and
(3) build and repair tissues.
 ……

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

supply the body with energy, and are
regarded as fuel nutrients while
vitamins, minerals, and water are the
regulatory nutrients.
 …CARBOHYDRATES…

- are the major source of energy for most of

the body's functions: muscle contraction,
regulating fat and metabolizing protein,
generating heat, and maintaining the cells.

- Carbohydrates are classified as simple

and complex
 ……
Simple carbohydrates are divided
into a monosaccharide (one-sugar
molecule) and a disaccharide (two-
sugar molecule). Monosaccharide's
include glucose, fructose, and
galactose. Disaccharides include
sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
 … Types of monosaccharide’s …
(1) Glucose (used as the cells' chief
energy source),
(2) Fructose (found in fruits and honey),
and
(3) GA lactose (produced from milk
sugar in the mammary glands of
lactating animals).
 ……
Glucose - is the most important simple sugar in the
human metabolism.

Both fructose and GA lactose must be converted to

glucose to be used for energy by the cells.

Glucose may be stored in the muscles and liver in

the form of glycogen
 … Disaccharides …

Sucrose – Combination of Sugar

Lactose – Natural Milk
Maltose – Less sweet
 ……
Glycogen
Storage form of glucose in humans and animals.

Dietary fiber
Generally refers to diverse carbohydrate
polysaccharides of plants that exist in two basic forms:
insoluble and soluble.
…Soluble versus Insoluble Fibers …
Insoluble fibers are not easily
dissolved in water and the body cannot
digest it

Soluble fibers are dissolved in water or

metabolized in the intestines
 …Peristalsis…
Involuntary muscle
contractions of our intestinal
walls involved in the passage
of food residues.
 ……
Monosaccharide's and disaccharides are also
known as simple carbohydrates or simple sugars.
They should account for 10% or less of our daily
total calories because they have little nutritive
value.
Examples are soda, cakes, and candies
 ……

On the other hand) complex carbohydrates,

or polysaccharides should contribute 55-
60% of the total daily energy intake. sugars
in unrefined foods such as fruits and
vegetables are preferable because they are
accompanied by many other nutrients (e.g.
vitamins and minerals).
 ……
Speeding the passage of food residues
seem to lower the risk for colon cancer
because it reduces the amount of time
that cancer-causing agents are in
contact with the intestinal wall.
 …ACTIVITY 1…
SIMPLE AND COMPLEX
Instruction: list and draw down
at least 5 examples simple and
complex carbohydrates.