DISASTER READINESS

AND RISK REDUCTION

 ACCOMPLISHED OBJECTIVES
• Explain the meaning of disaster;
• Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters;
• Describe the effects of disasters on one’s life;
• Explain how and when an event becomes a disaster;
• Identify areas/locations exposed to hazards that may lead to disasters;
 1. EXPLAIN THE MEANING OF DISASTER
• Disaster
• Vulnerability
• Hazards
a. Natural hazards ( Geophysical, Hydrological, Climatological,
Meteorological, Biological)
b. Technological or man-made hazards (Pollution, Environmental
Degradation, Accidents)
• Risks
 2. DIFFERENTIATE THE RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING
DISASTERS

• Disaster Risk
Formula : Disaster Risks = Hazards X Exposure X Vulnerability

• Risks Factors
a. Climate Change
b. Environmental Degradation
c. Globalized Economic Development
d. Poverty and Inequality
e. Poorly planned and Managed Urban Development
f. Weak Governance.
 3. DESCRIBE THE EFFECTS OF DISASTERS ON ONE’S LIFE
4. EXPLAIN HOW AND WHEN AN EVENT BECOMES A DISASTER;
5. IDENTIFY AREAS/LOCATIONS EXPOSED TO HAZARDS THAT MAY LEAD TO
DISASTERS;
• Three categories of Disaster’s effects
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
 6. ANALYZE DISASTER FROM THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES (PHYSICAL,

PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIO-CULTURAL, ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL).

• Different perspectives of Disaster effects/ damages.

a. Physical – the most visible and quantifiable effects
Assessment of disaster focused on the following questions.
1. How many families are affected? ( displacement, injuries and
deaths)
2. How many houses were damaged or wash-out? (in case of
super typhoons)
3. How many roads, bridges, dams, and other infrastructures
damages? (In case of floods, lahar flows and earthquakes)
4. What is the extent of damage in the agricultural industry?
(crop losses, damaged fish cages, wash out rice fields, etc.)
b. Psychological – serious mental health consequences for victims.
Disaster (psychological context) – occurrence involving an unexpected or uncontrollable event rather than a long-term
experience.
1. Emotional Effects
2. Cognitive Effects
3. Physical Effects
4. Interpersonal Effects

c. Socio-Cultural – the disaster is analyzed on how people respond having as parameters their
social condition and socio-cultural examples.
Socio-cultural effects of disaster
1. Changes in individual roles
2. Disruption of social relationships and personal connections
d. Economic – physical damage of disaster to assets, machineries and livestock aside from
property loss
economic effects of disaster
1. loss of life
2. unemployment
3. loss of property
4. loss of household articles
5. loss of crops and public infrastructure
 d. Political – government interventions should be present in the
following phases of disaster.
1. Prevention
2. Mitigation
3. Preparedness
2. Recovery
e. Biological – the disturbing effects caused by a prevalent disease or
virus in the epidemic or pandemic level.
a. Epidemic level – affects within a given community.
b. Pandemic Level – larger regions (entire continents or
the globe).