frogs

Reproductive systems
 hello!
though all information in this
PowerPoint was found by me,
the template was from
slidesgo.com, so credit to them
:)
Table of contents
01 02 03
All about the frog Frogs' reproduction system Humans reproductive system

A basic explanation of A summary of the frog's A summary of the human's

everything about the frog reproductive system reproductive system

04 05 06
comparison Liver transplants Australia Australian transplant stats

Summary of transplants in
Comparison of the two Outline of how liver
Australia and how the system
organisms' systems transplants work in Australia
could be improved
 01
All about the frog
frogs
The humble frog is a tailless amphibian,
they are predominantly aquatic, however
occasionally they live on land, in burrows,
or in trees. On average, they live about 2-
10 years, and have a diet of mostly
insects. Frogs, unlike humans, go through
a complete metamorphism, so their
young look completely different to an
adult.

In this PowerPoint I will explain the

reproductive system of that of a frog,
and compare it to that of a humans
02
Frog’s reproductive system Produce &
Main organs highlighted
carry egg
Vasa efferentia to cloaca
Transports sperm

Testis Ovary Produce and

Produces sperm
carry egg

oviduct to cloaca

Urinogenital duct
Carries sperm and waste
products Cloaca Digestive and
urogenital product pass
through
Frogs Reproductive system

Frogs have a marked sexual dimorphism, meaning there are visible differences
between the male and female reproductive system. Males tend to be smaller and
more flexible, their skin is rougher, and they develop small finger pads on their
legs. A frogs reproduction starts with the male mounts himself on top of the
female (this position Is called “amplexus” and it stimulates egg spawning). Frogs
reproduce externally, meaning the fertilisation of these eggs via a male occurs
outside the female. Frog’s genitalia is located inside their body, but they
technically have no penises and vaginas. Instead, they release their sex cells
through specific holes in their body. A female than expels between 3000-20000
eggs in a gelatinous lump, typically into water (as eggs require high levels of
moisture) for a male to fertilise them with their sperm
 Human Reproductive system
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Uterus Fallopian tubes

The tube an ovum passes
The organ that holds
an unborn child through & is fertilised in.

Prostate gland
Adds fluid to sperm so they
can make it to the egg

Vas deferens
Tube that sperm travels through
ovary
penis Organ that
produces eggs
Inserted into the vagina
to deposit sperm testis
Sperm production & storage
cervix
https://www.nyp.org/healthlibrary/multimedia/male-reproductive- vagina One of the most powerful
Receives sperm, baby comes out
system organs, holds in the baby
until childbirth
Human reproductive system
Humans, like frogs, also have a marked sexual dimorphism.
A basic explanation of a human's reproductive cycle begins
with ovulation, or the process of expulsion of an ovum or egg
from one of the ovaries. Then the ovum is fertilised by a sperm
cell released by the penis during sexual intercourse. Once the
ovum is fertilised, it becomes a blastocyst (aka, the early-stage
development of an embryo), and is transported to the uterus,
where is implanted into the wall of the uterus
Then, a placenta is formed to provide necessary materials for
the unborn child during gestation (the time in-between
conception and birth). Once the child is fully grown, it is
removed from the body via childbirth, along with the placenta.
 04
comparison
Comparison of the two
organisms' systems
 comparison
“There are many similarities and differences between the reproductive system of a frog
comparing to a human.
Frogs fertilise eggs externally, whereas humans reproduce and grow offspring internally.
Furthermore, a male human's sexual organs are external, however even a male frog's
organs are internal, and instead they release sex cells through specific holes in their
body. Another different characteristic is the fact that a frog lays about 3000 – 20000
eggs, and a human can only have up to 3 young at a time.

There are also many similarities, such as their shared trait of a marked sexual
dimorphism. Also, they both must have some sort of intercourse to reproduce, and
neither can reproduce asexually. They also have similar sets of organs, for example, they
both have ovaries, or testis. Thus you can see that there are many similarities and many
differences between the frog and human reproductive system
Transplants in Australia
liver transplantsA liver transplant is a surgery that consists of
removing a liver that is not working from the
body and replacing it with a healthy working one
from a donor. Liver transplants are possible with
a live donor, as the anatomy of a liver allows for
part of it to be safely removed from a living
person.

currently, in Australia, approximately 260 liver

transplants occur annually. In 2021, there were
253 liver transplants, and 1850 people were left
waiting, as there are only 678 people registered
to donate organs. This surgery, like others, can
be very dangerous. Out of the 678 donors, 454
died, and only 224 survived. As well as this, 224
of the 1224 survived, and 1148 did not.

In Australia, the system for becoming an organ

donor is simple, you can sign up to donate an
organ on official government websites.
image source:
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/news/media-library/17492
Info source:
https://www.donatelife.gov.au/all-about-donation/statistics-in-a
 Transplants in Australia
Australia vs Spain

For many years Spain has been at the top of the leaderboard for
national organ donor statistics, with about 35.3 doners pmp. This
is most likely because of the opt-out system, which assumes that
everyone consent to organ donations, unless told otherwise.

If Australia changed to an opt-out system, instead of an opt-in, we

will most definitely see extreme results like that of Spain’s
massive success.