INTRODUCTION TO THE

DISCIPLINES OF APPLIED SOCIAL

SCIENCES
 Definition
Applied - is the application of social science
Social theories, concepts, methods, and
findings to problems identified in the
Science wider society.
- is an integrated science cutting across
and transcending various social science
disciplines in addressing a wide range of
issues in a contemporary, innovative, and
dynamic way.

- it integrates theory, social research,

skills and professional experience, and
critical thinking skills necessary to
fully address social phenomena.
 Definition
Applied
-It aims at presenting a well-developed
Social understanding of social systems, social
theory, and social policy.
Science - is a broad field that draws on different
social theories and perspectives and
combines theory and practice drawn
from different social disciplines that
highlight the complexity of social
issues.
- focuses on the practical application in
the real-life settings of the diverse
theories, frameworks, concepts, and
methodologies learned from the social
sciences.
Relationship between Social Sciences and
Applied Social Sciences
Social sciences are more specific and focused on a distinct
facet of a social phenomenon while applied social science
attempts to focus on a distinct issue but use arising from
various social science disciplines.

While social science may explore broadly their distinct

disciplines, some of their input may easily become applied
while others may remain theoretical.

When social science theories, concepts, methods, and

findings gain application to problems identified in the
wider society, then applied social science is achieved.
Functions and Effects of Applied Social Sciences
They generate knowledge in an organic way for evidence-
based actions and solutions to social problems and issues.

They provide learning feedback by simultaneously

engaging the experts and the stakeholders that form a
social world.

They cause social sciences to do things rather than

just remain a source of factual knowledge with little or
no utility at all.

They generate practical solutions to complex social

problems. The provision of knowledge by social
science becomes the moral basis for applied science
to address the issues or problems of society.
Functions and Effects of Applied Social Sciences
Communication provides accessibility to
information and thereby serves the rights of an
individual and the public to be informed and to
be heard by their elders and communities.
Counseling provides healing, courage, and
strength for an individual to face his/her issues
and take up the best possible option in
moments of life crises.
The Social Work promotes social change,
problem solving in human relationships, and
the empowerment and liberation of people to
enhance their holistic well-being.
Public Perception of Social Sciences and Applied
Social Science Practitioners
Public perceptions tend to be discipline-specific as
how people view counselors, social workers, and
media.
Media tend to be perceived as biased and in certain
moments, confusing and therefore unreliable.
Social work has been perceived as purely distributors
of goods during calamities and social welfare.
The social work profession promotes social change,
problem solving in human relationships and the
empowerment and liberation of people to enhance
well-being
Utilizing theories of human behavior and social
systems, social work intervenes at the points where
people interact with their environments.
Photo Analysis
Photo Analysis

What is counseling?
Why do you think counseling is considered a discipline
of the applied social science?
AGREE OR DISAGREE
1. Counseling as an art is the subjective dimension of
counseling. It acclaims a flexible and creative process
whereby the counselor modifies the approach to meet
the developing needs of the clients.
2. Remedial goals refer to assisting a client to
overcome and treat an undesirable development.
3. Counseling happens when a person who is
distressed asks and permits another person to enter
into a particular kind of connection with him/her.
4. A licensed professional scholar may render to
individuals, groups, organizations, or the
general public counseling services involving the
application of clinical counseling principles,
methods, or procedures to assist individuals in
achieving more effective personal, social,
educational, or career development and
adjustment.
5. The way we perceive or view things, people,
events and our environment, is influenced by
our values.
6. Counselors treat with confidence personal
information about clients, whether obtained directly
or indirectly by inference.
7. In view of the theory of utilitarianism in relation to
beneficence, the application of utilitarianism would
be to apply an ethical decision in the light of costs
and benefits for each participant.
8. Marriage and family counseling refers to the efforts
to establish an encouraging relationship with a couple
or family and appreciate the complications in the
family system.
9. A counselor's primary responsibility
is to respect the dignity and to
promote the welfare of clients.
10. Counselors accept employment
only for positions which they are
qualified by education, training,
supervised experience, state and
national professional credentials, and
appropriate professional experience.
The Discipline of Counseling
DEFINITION COUNSELING
Basically an art and a science
wherein you endeavor to weigh the
objective and subjective facets of
the counseling process.

As art is the subjective

dimension of counseling
DEFINITION COUNSELING
It upholds a flexible and creative
process whereby the counselor
modifies the approach to meet the
developing needs of the clients.

It is also associated with the act of

giving oneself and being
compassionate in counseling
processes.
DEFINITION COUNSELING
Counseling as a science is the
objective dimension of the
counseling process.

It is about counselors who are

discerning and possesses skills to
formulate objective observations
and inferences
DEFINITION COUNSELING
The art and science of counseling
signifies an intensification of the
scientist-practitioner model or the
Boulder Model

The model indicates an integration of

the art and science in counseling
which shapes guidelines that combine
science and practice.
 Goals of Counseling
Relating Self- Self-
Insight with others acceptance
awareness
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and able to form and aware of of a positive

development of maintain thoughts and attitude toward
emotional meaningful and feelings that had self, marked by
difficulties, satisfying been blocked off an ability to
leading to an relationships or denied, or acknowledge
increased with other developing a areas of
capacity to take people: for more accurate experience that
rational control example, within sense of how self had been the
over feelings the family or is perceived by
subject of self-
and actions workplace others
criticism and
rejection
 Goals of Counseling
Self- Problem- Psychological
Enlightenment
actualization Solving education

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of fulfilling the client specific

client to
potential or to arrive problem that acquire ideas
achieving an the client had and
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integration
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state of and acquiring a
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awakening problem-solving behavior
 Goals of Counseling
Acquisition of Cognitive Behavior Systemic
Social Skills change change
change
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behavior
 Goals of Counseling
Empowerment Restitution Generativity
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Working on Inspiring in the

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person a desire
skills, client to make and capacity to
awareness, and care for others and
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 1. afford counseling services to
individuals, groups, organizations, or the
general public comprising of application
Scope of of clinical counseling principles,
methods, or procedures to assist
Counseling individuals in realizing effective personal,
social, educational, or career
development and adjustment.
2. "apply clinical counseling principles, methods,
and procedures," means an approach to counseling
that emphasizes the counselor's role in
systematically assisting clients through all of the
following: assessing and analyzing emotional
conditions, exploring possible solutions, and
developing and providing a treatment plan for
mental and emotional adjustment or development.
It may include counseling, appraisal, consulting,
supervision, administration, and referral.
 3. engage in the diagnosis and treatment
of mental and emotional disorders when
under the supervision of a professional
Scope of clinical counselor, psychologist,
psychiatrist, independent marriage and
Counseling family therapist, or independent social
worker.

4. provide training supervision for

students and registered counselor
trainees when services are within their
scope of practice, which does not
include supervision of the diagnosis
and treatment of mental and
emotional disorders.
CORE VALUES AND
ETHICAL
PRINCIPLES
OF
COUNSELING
1. Autonomy of individuals
**is based on the right to freedom of
action and freedom of choice in so far
as the pursuit of these freedom does
not interfere with the freedom of
others; counseling cannot happen
unless the client has made a free
choice to participate

**personal autonomy is not a simple

one and not sufficient as a guide to
action and good practice in all
circumstances
2. Principle of Nonmaleficence
**this refers to instruction to all helpers or
healers that they must, above all, do no harm;

**beneficense refers to the order to promote

human welfare

**both nonmaleficence and beneficence occur in

the prominence in codes of practice that
counselors must warrant that they are trained to
an appropriate level of competence, that they
must monitor and maintain their competence
through supervision, consultation, and training,
and they must work only within the limits of
their competence
**one of the areas of concern is the
riskiness of the therapeutic technique;
the principle of autonomy might
suggest that if the client has given
informed consent for the intervention
to take place, then the client has the
responsibility for the consequences;

**moral dilemmas like beneficence are

often resolved by recourse to utilitarian
ideas; it might depend on whether it
could be predicted that, on balance, the
benefits of the therapy outweighed the
costs and risks.
3. Principle of Justice

**concerned with the fair

distribution of resources and
services, unless there is some
acceptable reason for treating
them differently

**for counseling, the principle

has particular relevance to the
question of access.
**commitment to be fair
goes beyond that of the
ordinary person; in view of
the agreement to promote
worth and dignity of each
individual, counselors are
required to be concerned
with equal treatment for all
individuals (Kitchener,
1984 as cited in McLeod,
2003)
4. Principle of Fidelity
**shares to the presence of
loyalty, reliability, depend-
ability and action in good faith
**the rule of confidentiality
reveals the importance of
fidelity; entering into a contract
means to stay with the client
and give the case his/her efforts
THANK YOU
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