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Edkifihawmftbud Tuj Adkvfcskyfrsl Bud Oef A&T, Lu&Def Edkifihor®Wxh O0Pfvtmay Ydkh
Edkifihawmftbud Tuj Adkvfcskyfrsl Bud Oef A&T, Lu&Def Edkifihor®Wxh O0Pfvtmay Ydkh
,lu&def;EdkifiHor®wxH o0PfvTmay;ydkh
aejynfawmf Mo*kwf 24
2009ckESpf Mo*kwf24&ufwGif usa&mufaom ,lu&def;EdkifiH\
vGwvf yfa&;aeUtcgor,ü jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkiif Hawmf Edkiif Hawmf
at;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf zGHUNzdK;a&;aumifpD Ouú| Adkvcf sKyfrSL;BuD;oef;a&TxHrS
1371 ckESpf? awmfovif;vqef; 5 &uf? 2009 ckESpf? Mo*kwf 24 &uf? wevFmaeY? twGJ (48)? trSwf (323) ,lu&de;f Edkiif H or®w rpöwmApfwm ,l&Scf seu f kdxHokdU 0rf;ajrmufaMumif;
o0PfvTm ay;ydkUonf/ (owif;pOf)
Edik if aH &;OD;wnfcsuf ( 4)&yf pD;yGm;a&;OD;wnfcsuf ( 4)&yf vl raI &; OD;wnfcsuf ( 4)&yf
Ä EdkifiHawmf wnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf; Ä pdkufysdK;a&;udk tajccHí tjcm;pD;yGm;a&; Ä wpfrsKd ;om;vk;H \ pdw"f mwfEiS hf tusiphf m&dwå
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Ä trsdK;om;jyefvnf pnf;vkH;nDñGwfa&; Ä aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGm jzpfay: Ä trsKd ;*kPf Zmwd*kPjf rifrh m;a&;ESihf ,Ofaus;rI
vma&; tarGtESprf sm;? trsdK;om;a&; vu©Pmrsm; aejynfawmf Mo*kwf 24
Ä cdkirf monfh zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'opf jzpfay:
Ä jynfwiG ;f jynfyrS twwfynmESihf t&if;tES;D
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raysmufysuaf tmif xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufa&; 2009ckESpf Mo*kwf 24&ufwiG f usa&mufaom ,lu&de;f Edkiif H\
wnfaqmufa&; Ä rsdK;cspfpw f efxufjrufa&;
d "f mwf &Sio vGwv f yfa&;aeU tcgor,ü jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkiif Hawmf Edkiif Hawmf0efBuD;csKyf
Ä jzpfay:vmonfh zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'opf
Ä Edkiif aH wmf pD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvk;H udk zefw;D Edkirf I
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vQHwiG ;f rS xdkUaemuf EdkifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifhtzGJU0ifrsm;onf wk&ifawmifajc&Sd
q;pOf/ jruefrSwpfqifh zGm;apmaus;&Gmtkyfpk uefaygufaus;&Gm uGif;trSwf
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jzpfxGef;atmifjrifrIonf a&ajr&moDOwktajctaeESifh pdkufysKd;olwdkY\
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atmuf&Gmü vdktyfonfxuf rdk;ydkrdk&Gmaecsdefü rdk;acgifa&&Sm;onfh tnm
a'owGif rdk;acgifaeojzifh pdkufysKd;ol awmifolv,form;rsm;twGuf MunfU½Ippfaq;
tcuftcJrsm; MuHKawGU&aMumif;/
EdkifiHawmf 0efBuD;csKyf
a&G;cs,fpdkufysKd;
AdkvfcsKyfBuD;odef;pdef ompnf-
xdkYaMumifh tnma'oü qnfwrHvkyfief;rsm;? jrpfa&wifvkyfief; anmif&rf;vrf;wGif ausmuf
rsm;udkomru ajratmufa& &&Sda&;vkyfief;rsm;udkyg aqmif&Gufay;NyD; acsmvrf; cif;aerIudk Munfh½I
pdkufysKd;a&&&Sdatmif BudK;yrf;pDrHay;vsuf&SdaMumif;? aomufokH;a&twGuf ppf a q;pOf /
omru pdkufysKd;a&twGufyg pufa&wGif;rsm;udk wdk;csJUwl;azmfay;aejcif; (owif;pOf)
jzpfaMumif;? awmifolv,form;rsm;uvnf; EdkifiHawmfu taxmuf
tuljyK zefwD;ay;xm;onfh tajctaersm;udk xdxda&mufa&muf tokH;cs
Edkifatmif BudK;pm;Mu&rSmjzpfaMumif;? rdrd\pm;0wfaea&;twGuf? rdrd\
pdkufysKd;a&;vkyfief; atmifjrifjzpfxGef;a&;twGuf rdrdudk,fwdkif BudK;yrf;
aiGcsnf (6)
tm;xkwf vkyfudkif&efvdktyfaMumif;? &moDOwktajctaeay;rItay:
jzpfxGef;atmifjrifEdkifaom oD;ESHrsm;udk rSefrSefuefuef a&G;cs,fpdkufysKd;
csnfrQif&Snf0g
wwf&efvdkaMumif;/ EdkifiHawmf 0efBuD;csKyf
tm;xkwfvkyfudkif Ad k v f c sKyf B uD ; od e f ; pd e f ompnf
EdkifiHawmftydkif;u a&&&Sda&;vkyfief;udkomru a'otvdkuf Nrd K Ue,f taysmuf a us;&G m &S d
ynma&;? usef;rma&;? vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&; wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmif awmif o l OD ; jrif h a tmif \
pDrHudef; a&wiftqifh(3)? vufwH(2)ajrmif;rS a&udkoG,f,lí pyg; rsm;\ pm;0wfaea&;vdktyfcsufrsm; wdk;wufjynfhpkHvmapa&;twGuf twwfEkdiq f k;H zdzpd ;D pD; yHyh kd;taxmuftul jyKoGm;rSmjzpfaMumif;? awmifol aiGcsnf (6) csnfrQif&Snf0g
pdkufysKd;aerIudk Munfh½Itm;ay;MuNyD; ,cifu pyg;vHk;0rpdkufysKd;cJhaom pdkufysKd;a& &&Sda&;vkyfief;rsm;? ,majrudk v,fajrrsm;tjzpf jyKjyif v,form;rsm;uvnf; rdrdudk,fwdkif tm;xkwfvkyfudkif&rnfh vkyfief;rsm; pd k u f y sKd ; atmif j rif a erI u d k
a'oü pyg;jzpfxGef;atmifjrifrIudk pHerlem,lí pyg;wdk;csJ Updkuyf sKd;Mu&ef ajymif;vJa&;vkyfief;rsm;? oD;ESHtvdkuf wpf{utxGufEIef;jrifhrm;a&; udk zdzdpD;pD; tm;xkwfvkyfudkifoGm;Mu&efjzpfaMumif;jzifh rSmMum;onf/ Munfh½IavhvmpOf/
EdkifiHawmfu aiGaMu;tukeftuscH BudK;yrf;wnfaqmufxm;aom vkyfief;rsm;udk zdzdpD;pD; tm;ay;aqmif&GufaeaMumif;? pdkufysKd;a&;vkyfief; (owif;pOf) (owif;pOf)
jrpfa&wifpDrHudef;udk tusKd;&Sd&SdtoHk;csMu&ef rSmMum;onf/
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xdkUaemuf anmifOD;NrdKUe,f avmueE´m vQyfppfjrpfa&wifpDrHudef;
&Sif;vif;aqmifodkU a&muf&SdMu&m v,f,mpdkufysKd;a&;ESifh qnfajrmif;
0efBuD;Xme a&t&if;tjrpftoHk;csa&;OD;pD;Xme nTefMum;a&;rª;csKyfESifh
wm0ef&o dS rl sm;u pDruH ed ;f aqmif&u
G Nf yD;pD;rIEiS fh pdkuyf sK;d ajrrsm;odkU a&ay;a0rI
tajctaersm;udk &Sif;vif;wifjyMuNyD; 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfBuD;omat;ESifh
wdkif;rª; AdkvfcsKyfwifaiGwdkUu jznfhpGuf&Sif;vif; wifjyMuonf/
&Sif;vif;wifjycsufrsm;ESihfpyfvsOf;í EdkifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfu vdktyf
onfrsm;udk rSmMum;NyD; jrpfa&wifpDrHudef;\ yifrjrpfa&wifaerIudk
Munfh½Ippfaq;onf/
avmueE´m vQyfppfjrpfa&wifpDrHudef;onf xyfqifha&wifpcef;
ajcmufckjzihf pdkufysKd;ajr {u 10000ausmfudk a&ay;a0&ef pDrHxm;&Sdonfh
pDrHudef;jzpfonf/
tm;ay;aqmif&Gufae
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aerIudk NrdKUe,f? ausmufyef;awmif;NrdKUe,fEiS hf anmifO;D NrdKUe,fwkdUrS a'ocHawmifol
if;pOf) rsm;tm; oufqdkif&mpk&yfrsm;ü awGUqkHtm;ay; rSmMum;&mwGif jynfol
nfolrsm; ausmufyef;awmif;NrdK Ue,f ykyÜm;aus;&Gmtkyfpk&Sd awmifol OD;xGef;xGef;\ aeMumpdkufcif;udk awGU&pOf/ (owif;pOf)
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EdkifiHawmftpdk;&u aqmif&Gufay;xm;aom
pda&m*g a&&&Sad &;vkyif ef;? ynma&;? usef;rma&;ESiUf vrf;yef;
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m;onf/
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jrefrmUwkdif;&if;aq;ynmESifU aoG;wkd;a&m*g (okawoeESihfzGHUNzdK;a&;)
,aeUurÇmwGif toHww d v f o l wform; (Silent Killer) [k ac:qkd jzpfaom aoG;wdk;? onf;ajcovdyfaMumifhjzpfaom aoG;wdk;[k jzpfay: aqmif&Gufjcif;ûyvkyfrSom pdwfaMumifhjzpfaomaoG;wdk; oufomapEkdif
owfrSwfMuonfh a&m*grsm;teuf aoG;wkd;a&m*gonfvnf; wpfck cHpm;&aom vu©Pmtvdkuf cGJjcm;owfrSwfavh&Sdygonf/ ygonf/ tqkdyg pdwfaMumifh aoG;wdk;a&m*gudk aq;wkdufauR;ygu
tygt0if jzpfygonf/ urÇmay:&Sd vloef;aygif; 1500ausmfonf aoG;wdk;a&m*grjzpfyGm;rD awGU&Sd&wwfonfh a&SUajy;vu©Pmrsm; tylkjidrf;aoG;aq;ESifhtbdnmOfaq;ukd wpfaeUoHk;Mudrf awmifMumOûywf
aoG;wkd;a&m*gcHpm;aeMuí ESpfpOf vlckepfoef;cefU aoG;wkd;a&m*gjzifh &nf? pyg;vifûywf&nf? xdu½Hk;ûywf&nf? w½kwfeHeHaphtqDwkdUjzifh
aoG;wkd;a&m*g jzpfawmhrnfqdkygu a&SUajy;vu©Pmrsm;tjzpf wkdufauR;&ef vkdtyfygonf/
aoqHk;aeMu&ygonf/ aoG;wk;d a&m*gonf vlom;wk\ Yd aexkid rf b I 0ykpH H
tdyfíraysmfjcif;? tdyf&mrSrxbJ tdyfcsifaejcif;? acgif;tjrJrl;aejcif;?
(Life- Style) ESifh tpm;taomufay:wGif rsm;pGmwnfrDSvsuf&Sdygonf/
pdwfwdkjcif;? a'gojzpfvG,fjcif;? a'gojzpfu acgif;udkufjcif;? qD;0g- taxmuftulûy ukxHk;rsm;
aoG;wk;d a&m*gonf ukex f kwpf rG ;f tm; tjynfth 0ay;pGr;f Ekid o
f nfh vlvwf
qD;enf;jcif;? a&aomufenf;jcif;? 0rf;csKyfjcif;? ttdyfysufjcif;? tpm; aoG;wdk;a0'em&Sit
f m; aq;wkud af uR;pOf aq;tmedoifykdrkx
d ufjruf
ykdif;ESifh vlBuD;ykdif;t&G,fwGif tjzpfrsm;avh&Sdojzifh aoG;wkd;&Sd^r&Sd
ysufjcif;? tpmraMujcif;? av;vHxdkif;rIdif;jcif;? tvkyfvkyfudkif&mwGif xda&mufap&ef 'efUovGe&f u G of wåK&nf? qifwkH;rEG,ûf ywf&nf? Budwrf eS f
aoG;aygifcsdef rSefrSefppfaq;&ef vkdtyfrnfjzpfygonf/ taemufwkdif;
pdwf0ifpm;rI enf;yg;jcif;? &Hzef&Hcg ajczsm;at;jcif;? acR;xGufenf;jcif; &Gujf yKwf&nf? bkrm® &mZmjrpfûywf&nf? uke;f c&mjrpfaoG;&nf? a&c&mjrpf
aq;ynmtvkdt& aoG;wkd;a&m*gqkdonfrSm txufaoG;aygifcsdef
[lonfh vu©Pmrsm;udk awGU&Sd&avh &Sdygonf/ aoG;&nfwdkY wGJzufí wpfaeYESpfBudrf aomufay;Edkifygonf/
(Systolic Pressure) 140rDvr D w D mrmusL&D (140mmHg) ESifh atmuf
aoG;wdk;a&m*gcHpm;ae&ol\ jzpfqJvu©Pm t&ufaomufjcif;? aq;vdyfaomufjcif;? pdwfzdpD;rIrsm;jcif;wdkY
aoG;aygifcsdef (Diastolic Pressure) 90rDvDrDwmrmusL&D (90mmHg) aMumifh onf;ajca'govGefuJ azmufjyefum tylaoG;wdk;jzpfwwfyg
txufaoG;zdtm; jrifhwufaoma&m*g jzpfygonf/ omrefusef;rmae jrefrmhwkdi;f &if;aq;ynmaboZÆe,t& aoG;wdk;a&m*gwGif OD;aqmif onf/ tyltpyfpm tpm;rsm;olwdkYwGifvnf; jzpfwwfygonf/ tyl
onfh vlwpfOD;\ aoG;zdtm;rSm txufaoG;aygifcsdef 90rS 119 rDvD vGeuf aJ om a'goudkrw l nfí vu©Pmrsm; uGjJ ym;avh&ydS gonf/ onf;ajc (OPS)udkNidrf;aprnfh tpm;tpmrsm;ESifh pdwfwnfNidrfapaom aq;tpm
rDwmrmusL&D (90-119 mmHg)ESifh atmufaoG;aygifcsdef 60rS79rDvD a'goaMumifhjzpfaom aoG;wdk;a&m*gwGif rsufvHk;eD? 0g? ajcmufaoGUjcif;? rsm; auR;&ygrnf/ avaMumifhjzpfaom 0doraoG;wdk;wGif usa&mufqJ
rDwmrmusL&D (60-79mmHg) [k a,bk,s owfrw S yf gonf/ txuf 0rf;oGm;vQif0rf;rmjcif;? csKyfjcif;? eDjcif;? 0ga&mifoef;jcif;? acR;xGujf cif;? a&m*gvu©Pmt& tyl(OPS)odkrY [kwf tat;(oDw)ukxkH;aq;csufrsm;
aoG; 140rS 159rDvrD w D mrmusL&D (140-159mmHg) ESihf atmufaoG; a&iwfjcif;? &ifyljcif;? ½kyfoGufvufjcif;? ZufaMumxdk;jcif;? aoG;zdtm; odkYr[kwf rQwaom ukxHk;aq;csufrsm;ay;&ygrnf/ qifhyGm;a&m*grsm;
90rS 99rDvrdD w D mrmusL&D (90-99mmHg) udk aoG;wk;d yxrtqif[ h k rsm;jcif;? tjrJvdkvdk rl;a0aewwfjcif;wdkU awGU&wwfygonf/ txufaoG; twGuf tajctaet&vdktyfaom ESvHk;tm;aq;? ausmufuyftm;aq;?
owfrw S í f txufaoG; 160rDvrD w D mrmusL&Dtxuf(>164mmHg)ESihf zdtm;om jrihfwufNyD; atmufaoG;zdtm; rwwfaMumif; awGU&ygonf/ OD;aESmufESifhtm½HkaMum tm;aq;wdkYaomuf&ef vdktyfygonf/
atmufaoG; 100rDvrD w D mrmusL&Dtxuf (>100mmHg) &Syd gu aoG;wdk; ovdyfa'goaMumifhjzpfom aoG;wdk;a&m*gwGif tom;ta&ESifh vQmwdkU
a&m*g 'kwd,tqifh[k owfrSwfaMumif; awGU&ygonf/ jzL-jym-ndK-npfjcif;? qD;-0rf;- avwdkUcsKyfí acR;rxGufjcif;? t0vGef aoG;wdk;a&m*g umuG,fjcif;rsm;
trnfESifh t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdcsuf jcif;? ESvHk;ckefjrefí aoG;wdk;jcif;wdkU awGU&wwfygonf/ 4if;ovdyf aoG;zdtm; yHkrSefxuftenf;i,fjrifhwufolrsm;tm; aoG;wdk;a&m*g
a'goaMumifh aoG;wdk;ygu txufaoG;a&m? atmufaoG;yg ESpfrsKd;pvHk; rjzpfyGm;ap&ef qm;ESifh tieft&om&Sd tpm;tpmrsm; avQmhí
jrefrmhwkdif;&if;aq;ynm a'oeme, tvkdt& uH-pdwf-OwkESifh wufaMumif;awGU&ygonf/ ava'goaMumihf aoG;wdk;a&m*gwGif- aoG; pm;aomufjcif;? udk,fvufvIyf&Sm;rIavhusihfcef;wpfrsKd;rsKd;udk aeYpOf
tm[m&wnf;[laom orkXmefav;yg;wkdYudk vGef-,kwf-vGJ rSm;pGm zdtm;jrifw
h uf&mwGif txufaoG;omvQif jrifw h ufavh&jdS cif;? onf;ajcESihf jyKvkyfjcif;? ,ckazmfjyrnfh aq;zuf0if tyifrsm;teuf vufvSrf;rD&m
usifoh kH;jcif;aMumifh aoG;twGi;f awaZm"mwfazmufjyefí yx0D-tmayg ovdyfaMumifhjzpfaom vu©Pmrsm; ,SOfwGJawGU&jcif;wdkU jzpfygonf/ wpfrsKd;rsKd;tm; oHk;pGJjcif;jzifh aoG;wdk;a&m*g rjzpfyGm;ap&ef BudKwif
"mwfvGefuJNyD; 0ga,m"mwftusOf;usaoma&m*gukd aoG;wkd;a&m*g[k aoG;wdk;a&m*g ukxHk;rsm; umuG,fEdkifrnf jzpfygonf/ w½kwfeHeH&Guf (odkYr[kwf) 'efUovGef&Guf
ac:qkdowfrSwfygonf/ aoG;wkd;a&m*gudk ygVdbmomjzifh ]]&wåp, (odkrY [kw)f jrif;cGm&Guf owåK&nf? wpfcgaomuf vufzuf&nf tMurf;
a&m*}}[k ac:qkdaMumif; usrf;pmrsm;t& od&Sd&ygonf/ jrefrmhwdkif;&if;aq;ynmwGif txufazmfjyyg vu©Pmrsm;ESifh yef;uefwpf0uf wpfaeYokH;Budr?f pyg;viftjrpf (odkrY [kw)f cHwufacguf
wdkufqdkifppfaq;í vGefuJaom a'go(taMumif;)udk OD;pGmESdrfeif;uko (odrkY [kw)f tvdkusL (odrkY [kw)f xdu½Hk; yOöig;yg; (odrkY [kw)f yJeUH omaph
aoG;wkd;a&m*gjzpfaMumif;ESifh aoG;wkd;jcif;trsKd;rsKd;
ygonf/ xdkUaemuf 4if;taMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:vmaom tusKd;udk jyKwf&nf wpfcgaomuf vufzuf&nf yef;uefwpf0uf wpfaeYoHk;Budrf?
jrefrmhwkdif;&if;aq;ynmt& aoG;wkd;a&m*g jzpfapwwfaom qufvufukoygonf/ onf;ajca'go(wdu©)aMumifhjzpfygu eHeufESifh
taMumwpfaxmif? odMum;rudk#f? ysm;NrD;&Guf? uGrf;&Guf? ZD&m? wrm
taMumif;rsm;rSm-uH? pdwf? OwkESifh tm[m&wnf;[laom orkXmef aeUv,faq;tjzpf wdkif;&if;aq;ukXmeoHk; aoG;aq;eDESifhtuif;q,fyg;
acguf? ukuúdKacguf? apmifcsrf;acguf(wpfrsdK;rsdK;)udk tajcmufvSef;?
taMumif;w&m; av;yg;tay:wGif wnfrSDaeygonf/ aoG;wkd;jcif; aq;qwl vufzuf&nfZGef;wpfZGef;udk oMum;&nfjzifh aomufay;&yg
trIefUBudwfí wpfcgaomuf vufzuf&nf ZGef;wpfZGef; wpfaeUokH;Budrf
taMumif;wpf&yfjzpfaom ur®orkXmefwGif x? xkdif? avsmif;? oGm; rnf/ naeaq;tjzpf tbdnmOf(1)aq;udk a&at;jzifhaomufí naq;
wdkufauR; okH;pGJEdkifygonf/ aoG;wdk;umuG,faq;tjzpf eHeufydkif;wGif
[laom £&d,mykwrf sm;rrQwjcif;? uk, d v
f ufvyI &f mS ;rIenf;jcif;? aq;vdy?f tjzpf 0rf;csKyfygu rkwfuJaq; ig;jym;udk a&at;jzifhvnf;aumif;?
wdkif;&if;aq;ukXmeokH; aoG;aq;eDESifh naeydkif;wGif jynfvkH;csrf;om
t&uf?vufzuf&nfwkdYudk vGefpGmrSD0JaomufoHk;jcif;? rdbrsKd;½kd;aMumifh 0rf;rcsKyfvQif onf;ajcaq; av;yJom;udk a&usufat;jzifhvnf;aumif;
aq;udk wpfcgaomuf vufzuf&nfZeG ;f wpfZeG ;f oHy&m&nfjzifh aomufEkdif
jzpfjcif;? pdwåorkXmefwGif pdwfvIyf&Sm;jcif;? pdwfaomursm;jcif;? aomuf&rnf jzpfygonf/
ygonf /
avmb? a'go? arm[ESifh rmersm;aMumifh pdwfzdpD;jcif;? OwkorkXmef ovdyfa'go(rE´)aMumifh jzpfygu eHeuf? aeUv,fESifhnaeaq;rsm;
wGif tat;vGefuJaomae&mwGif aexkdifjcif;? tyl-tat; rrQwjcif;? tjzpf aoG;aq;eDvufzuf&nfZeG ;f wpfZeG ;f tm; 'efUovGe&f u G o
f wåK&nfjzifh owdjyKqifjcifzG,f aoG;wdk;tEÅ&m,f
aeylrjd cif;? aeylxrJ jS yefa&mufa&mufcsif; a&csKd;jcif;? a&cJa&ponfaomuf vnf;aumif;? nykid ;f wGif rkwu f aJ q; ig;jym;tm; a&at;jzifh vnf;aumif; aoG;wdk;onf usm;? r ra&G;jzpfwwfaoma&m*gjzpfonf/ jyif;xef
oHk;jcif;? tm[m&t& qm;? ig;? ig;yd? iHjym&nfponfh tief"mwf tpmpm;jyD;csdefwGif tpmaMuavykyfxkwfaq; vufzuf&nfZGef; wpf0uf aom aoG;wdk;a&m*gwGif atmufaoG;jrifw h ufavh&odS jzifh a&m*gMumjrifh
vGefuJaom tpm;tpmrsm; vGefuJpGmpm;oHk;jcif; tqD? tap;? tom; aomufEkdifygonf/ vmygu- ajcvufwkefjcif;? rl;a0jcif;? armyef;jcif;? udk,fwpfjcrf;ao
"mwfrsm; vGeu f pJ mG pm;jcif; paomorkXmefav;yg; taMumif;w&m;wdkUudk ava'go(0dor)aMumifjh zpfygu eHeufwiG f aoG;aq;eDukd 'efUovGef avjzwfjcif; (odkUr[kwf) owdvpfarhajrmjcif;? cE¨mudk,fwpfckvkH;
vGef? ,kwf? vGJrSm;pGm usifhoHk;jcif;aMumifh awaZm"mwf azmufjyefí &Guf owåK&nfjzifhvnf;aumif;? aeUv,fwGif aq;ykvJuvmyfukd oabFm vIyf&Sm;í r&jcif;wdkUjzpfapí touftEÅ&m,f jzpfapwwfygonf/
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