¨¡-E¢√®Ωç 29 -à-v°œ-™¸ 2006
Ravikanth: Hi Prakash, who is this book meant
for? I found it here.
(Ñ °æ¤Ææhéπç á´J éÓÆæç? Ø√éÀ-éπ\úø
éπ-E°œç-*ç-C.)
Prakash: It was left here by someone. I don't
remember.
(-ü∆-Eo á´®Ó Ééπ\úø ´CL ¢Á∞«x®Ω’. Ø√èπ◊
í∫’®Ω’h-®√-´ô癉ü¿’ ´’J)
Ravikanth: Who does it belong to?
(ÅC á´-JC?)
Prakash: No name is written on the book. Only
the bill of the book is found in the
book. No name in the bill either.
(°æ¤Ææhéπç O’ü¿ à Ê°®Ω÷ ®√Æœ™‰ü¿’. °æ¤Ææhéπç
é̆o-ô’dí¬ Bill ÖçC. ü∆E™ èπÿú≈ Ê°®Ω’-
™‰ü¿’.)
Ravikanth: Ok. Let's no more worry about the
book. Were you, by any chance, in
college last evening?
(ÆæÍ®, Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç í∫’Jç* ´C-™‰ü∆lç. E†o
≤ƒßª’çvûªç †’-¢Ëy-´’Ø√o college ™
ÖØ√o¢√?)
Prakash: I was asked to be there for the selec-
tions for the debate team. Someone
was invited to select the college
team. I have been picked up as a
reserve member.
(college debate team selections
èπ◊
††o-éπ\-úøèπ◊ ®Ω´’t-Ø√o®Ω’. College team †’
select îËߪ’-ö«-EéÀ á´-JØÓ °œL-î √®Ω’. ††’o
reserve member í¬ BÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’.)
Debate = ´éπh %ûªyç.
Pick up = choose. áç°œ-éπ-îË-ߪ’ôç.
Ravikanth: Where will the contest be held?
(§ÚöÃ áéπ\úø?)
(Contest = éπçõ„Æˇd = §ÚöÃ)
Prakash: It is going to be held this month end
at Rajamundry.
(®√ï-´’ç-vúÕ™ Ñ ØÁ™«-ê®Óx Öçô’çC)
Ravikanth: Wish you should be include in the
final team.
(final team ™ †’´¤yçú≈-©E Ø√ éÓJéπ)
Prakash: Thank you.
lllll
Last lesson ™ principles of changing verbs
from active to passive îª÷¨»ç éπü∆. Ææ÷n©çí¬
´’®Ì-éπ\-≤ƒJ í∫’®Ω’h-îË-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç.
-Ñ °æ-öÀdéπ -îª÷-úøç-úÕ.
ACTIVE
1. 1st RDW/ 2nd RDW (give, take, etc/
gives, takes, etc)
2. Past Doing Word
(gave, took etc)
3. shall/ should/ will/ would/ can/
could/ may/ might/ must etc + 1st
RDW
(shall take, will take, would take etc)
Shall have/ should have/ will have/
would have/ can have, etc + past
participle (would have taken, could
have taken etc)
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ -I
Now let's take a look at the verbs in the
passive form, used in the conversation
at the beginning of the lesson.
1) who is this meant for?
(verb- is meant- passive)
2) It was left here..
(verb- was left- was + pp -passive)
3) No name is written..
(verb- is written- is + pp -passive)
Last lesson ™ îÁ°œp-†ô’x ã °æE á´-J-´©x
4) I was asked..
ïJ-TçüÓ îÁ°æpôç É≠ædç ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√, éπ≠d-´æ ’-®·Ø√, Let's remember once again:
(verb- was asked- was + pp -passive) ü∆E-éπçûª v§ƒ´·êuç ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√, Passive Voice
Å´-Ææ®Ωç Å´¤-ûª’çC. ™‰èπ◊çõ‰ active always 1) Passive voice to be used only
5) Was invited...
preferable. when absolutely necessary.
(verb- was invited- was + pp -passive)
Passive voice questions practice îËü∆lç: 2) Question structure to be followed
1) Who is it meant for? in passive voice too.
(ÉC á´JéÓÆæç ÖüËl-Pç-îª-•-úÕçC? – Old usage - 3) In most cases where whom was
for whom is it meant?) used in the past, we now use
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 149 2) Where are these shirts sold? 'Who'.
(ÉN áéπ\úø Å´’t-•-úø-û√®·?)
When was the letter posted?
6) I have been picked up 3) How was he killed? EXERCISE
(verb- have been picked - have been + pp -
(ᙫ îªç°æ-•-ú≈fúø’?= éÀçC¢√öÀéÀ passive forms ®√ߪ’çúÕ:
ᙫ îªç§ƒ-®Ω-ûªEo?) 1) Åûª-úø’ †÷ûª† Åüµ¿u-èπ~◊-úÕí¬ áEo-éπ-ߪ÷uúø’.
passive) 4) Who were you seen
2) E†oöÀ accident ™ -†-©’í∫’®Ω’ îªE-§Ú-ߪ÷®Ω’.
7) When will the contest be held? by?
(verb- will be held- will be + pp -passive) (By Whom were you
°æ-C ´’çC í¬ßª’-°æ-ú≈f®Ω’.
3) ´®Ω-éπôoç EÊ≠-Cµç-î √®Ω’.
seen - old use
8) you should be included 4) í∫ûª Ææç´-ûªq®Ωç -Ø√-©’í∫’ éÌûªh È®j™‰y -™„j†’x ¢Ë¨»®Ω’.
=á´-JîË îª÷úø-•-ú≈f´¤? M. SURESAN
(verb- should be included- should be + pp - 5) Date of Interview ûªy®Ω-™ ØË Å¶µºu-®Ω’n-©èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’-
á´®Ω’ îª÷¨»®Ω’ -E†’o?)
passive) 5) What were you told? ñ‰-ߪ’ôç ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC.
= ANSWERS
°j °æöÀd-éπ™ É*a† transformation principles èπ◊ †’¢Ëyç îÁ°æp-•-ú≈f´¤? (FÍéç -îÁ-§ƒp®Ω’?)
6) When was the letter posted? = 1) He has been elected the new president.
Ñ 8 verbs in passive ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’-Ø√o®· Öûªh®Ωç á°æ¤púø’
post Post
îËߪ’-•-úÕçC? (á°æ¤púø’ î˨»®Ω’?) 2) Four were killed and ten injured in the acci-
éπü∆?Åçõ‰ dent yesterday.
Active voice passive
™ ™«ØË, ™ èπÿú≈ ques-
a) Active ™ RDWs Öçõ‰, passive, am/ is/ tion ™verb subject
´·çü¿÷, ûª®√yûª ´≤ƒh®·. 3) Dowry has been abolished.
are + past participle. Helping verb
™‰èπ◊çõ‰ main verb
èπ◊, èπÿ ´’üµ¿u™ 4) Four new rail lines were laid last year.
b) Active ™ PDW Öçõ‰, passive, was/ were subject ´Ææ’hçC. ÉC î√-™« ´·êuçí¬ í∫´’-Eç- 5) Candidates will soon be informed of the
+ past participle. î√Lq† N≠æߪ’ç. date of interview.
-ØË-öÀ
c) shall/ should/ will/ would, etc + 1st RDW
active Å®·ûË, OöÀ™ shall/ should, etc èπ◊
be îËJa, past participle îËJaûË passive. -áçÂÆ-ö¸
-™
d) shall be/ should be/ will be/ would be,
etc + 1st RDW active Å®·ûË, shall be/
should be/ can be, etc + past participle -
passive.
-ví¬ç-ú˛-õ„Æˇd
-Ñ -Ø√-©’í∫’ patterns í∫’®Ω’hç-èπ◊ç-õ‰ passive
-î√-™« easy. Now practise the following in English use Bhramara: Not yet. some more work is left.
passive forms only where necessary: Lavanya: When will it be completed too?
Lavanya: °æ†çû√ °æ‹®Ωh-®·çü∆? Bhramara: It may be completed by tomorrow
PASSIVE
Bhramara: Éçé¬ ™‰ü¿’. Éçé¬ éÌçûª N’TL ÖçC. afternoon.
1. am + pp / is + pp / are + pp. Lavanya: ÅC èπÿú≈ á°æ¤púø’ °æ‹®Ωh-´¤-ûª’çC? Lavanya: Have all the invitations been post-
(am given, is given, are given etc) Bhramara: Í®°æ¤ ´’üµ∆u-£æ…o-EéÀ °æ‹-Jh鬴a. ed?
2. Was+pp/ Were+pp Lavanya: Invitations ÅFo post Å-ߪ÷uߪ÷? Bhramara: Yes, most of them. But then there
(was given / were given) are invitations for which the
Bhramara: Yes î√-™« ´’ô’èπ◊. Å®·ûË O’®Ω’
addresses have to be written by
3. É™«çöÀ verbs N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ shall/ should/ will/ would... addresses ®√ߪ÷-Lq-†N éÌEo ÖØ√o®·.
you/ you have to write the address-
°æéπ\† be °öÀd, ü∆EéÀ Past Participle îË®Ωaôç. ¢√öÀE O’È®-°æ¤púø’ °æ‹JhîËߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’? es. When can you complete it?
shall be taken (shall + be + past participle) / will Lavanya: éÌEo addresses Éçé¬ ®√¢√L. ÅN
Lavanya: Some addresses are yet to be
be taken, etc. ®√í¬ØË ®√ÊÆ-≤ƒh†’. received, once they are received, I
verbs N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ shall have/ should have/ Bhramara: ÅN O’®Ω’ °æ‹JhîËÊÆh ÅFo éπL°œ post
É™«çöÀ will write the addresses.
will have, etc °æéπ\† been °öÀd, ü∆EéÀ past partici- îËߪ’-´îª’a. Bhramara: If you complete them, all of them
ple (would have been taken, could have ANSWER
îË®Ω’≤ƒhç. may be posted together/ we may
been taken, etc) Lavanya: Has the work been completed? post all of them together.