-•’-üµ¿-¢√®Ωç 4 -ÅéÓd-•®Ω’ 2006
Sankar: Hi Vishnu, you've been away for such
a long time that I felt lonely here.
(؈’ äçô-J-ûª-†çûÓ ¶«üµ¿-°æ-úËç-ûª-鬩ç
†’´¤y •ßª’-ô’-Ø√o´¤)
Vishnu: I felt the same too, without your company.
(F ≤ƒ£æ«-Ωuç ™‰éπ ؈÷ Å™«ØË ¶«üµ¿-°æú≈f)
Sankar: Why did it take so long for you?
(Åçûª-鬩ç áçü¿’èπ◊ °æöÀdçC?)
Vishnu: I had been away on a company
assignment. I returned this morning.
(éπç°F °æE-O’ü¿ ¢Á∞«x†’. Ñ §Òü¿’lØËo ´î√a†’)
Assignment = Å°æp-Tç-*† °æE.
ÅÂÆj-†tçö¸ – 'ÂÆj— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç.
Sankar: What kind of assignment?
(ᙫçöÀ °æE?)
Vishnu: Such a tough assignment that I had
to visit a number of places. I had to
see a number of dealers, watch the
movement of our products, and see
that the sales increased.
(Å¢Á÷t î√™« éπ≠d-¢æ Á’i† °æE. î√™« îÓôxèπ◊
(Ü∞¡xèπ◊) A®Ω-í¬-Lq-´-*açC. î√™«-´’çC
dealers †’ îª÷Æœ, ´÷ company ûªßª÷-
K© Å´’t-鬩’ ᙫ ÖØ√oßÁ÷ í∫´’-Eç*,
Å´’t-鬩’ °çî√-Lq† ¶«üµ¿uûª ÅC.)
dealers = äéπ éπç°F ûªßª÷-K©’ (Ææ®Ω-èπ◊©’)
Ţ˒t ¢√∞¡Ÿ}/ shops.
Movement = ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç = éπü¿-L-éπ(©’).
Ééπ\úø Å®Ωnç ã company ûªßª÷-K© Å´’t-éπ°æ¤
üµÓ®ΩùÀ. (Öü¿u´’ç ÅØË Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC.
Telangana Movement = ûÁ©ç-í¬ù Öü¿u´’ç)
Products= ûªßª÷K– ã éπç°F ûªßª÷®Ω’ îËÆ œ
Ţ˒t ´Ææ’h´¤. v§ƒúøé˙d q – 'v§ƒ— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç.
Sankar: What a time you had! I really pity
you, old boy! You do get a fat salary,
but you can't have a minutes leisure.
(áçûª éπ≠dçæ í¬ í∫úÕ-§ƒ¢˛! E†’o îª÷ÊÆh ñ«™‰-
Ææ’hçC, N’vûª´÷! Fèπ◊ ´’ç* @ûª¢Ë’
´Ææ’hçC é¬F éπ~ùç Nv¨»ç-A-™‰-ü¿’-éπü∆!)
Vishnu: It isn't the salary that matters. I like
the challenging nature of the job. It is
such a challenge that you have the
satisfaction of having done some-
thing. You feel happy that you've
achieved something.
(@ûªç é¬ü¿’ ´·êuç, Åéπ\úø Ø√ ÖüÓu-í∫ç™
Ö†o Ææ¢√©’ Ø√éÀ≠dçæ . Ç Ææ¢√©’ áçûªü¿çõ‰,
àüÓ éÌçûª ´’†´‚ ≤ƒCµç-î√ç-éπü∆ ÅØË
ûª%°œh N’í∫’-©’-ûª’çC (éπ©’-í∫’-ûª’çC). ؈÷
àüÓ ≤ƒCµç-î√†’./ ÉC ؈’ ≤ƒCµç-î√†’
ÅØË ûª%°œh Öçô’çC.)
that matters = ´·êuç. achieving = ≤ƒCµç-
îªôç; Achievement = ≤ƒCµç-*† N≠æߪ’ç
Sankar: Corporate culture has taken hold of you.
(°ü¿l ¢√u§ƒ®Ω Ææç≤ƒn ÆæçÆæ \ %A ÅDµ-†ç™
ÖØ√o´¤ †’´¤y).
Corporate =°ü¿l °ü¿l ¢√u§ƒ®Ω ÆæçÆæn-©èπ◊
Ææç•ç-Cµç-*†.
Corporate - pronunciation 鬧ÒJ/ È®ö¸.
Vishnu: And I am proud of it too.
(Å™« Ö†oç-ü¿’èπ◊ í∫Jy-Ææ’hØ√o.)
Sankar: Did you see any movies while you
were away?
(•ßª’-ô’-†o-°æ¤púø’ ÆœE-´÷-™‰-´’Ø√o îª÷¨»¢√?)
Vishnu: I saw two but they were such lousy
movies that I wished I hadn't seen
them.
(È®çúø’ îª÷¨». Å¢Áçûª îÁûªhçõ‰ îª÷úø-èπ◊çú≈
Öçú≈-LqçC ņ’-èπ◊Ø√o.)
Lousy = îÁûªh. Louse - ™˜Æˇ– Ê°†’ – ÅÆæ©®Ωnç–
Lousy - ÅÆæ-£æ«uçí¬/ îÁûªhí¬ ÖçC ÅE
Aôd-ú≈-EéÀ èπÿú≈ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’. Lousy fellow -
¢Áüµ¿´ ņoô’x.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
Sankar: Thank God. I wasn't with you.
(•A-éÀ-§Úߪ÷. FûÓ Øˆ’ ™‰†ç-ü¿’èπ◊.
(™‰èπ◊çõ‰ ؈÷ îª÷ú≈Lq ´îËaC)
Vishnu: What next now? Shall we have coffee?
(ûª®√y-ûËçöÀ? coffee BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ü∆´÷?)
Sankar: OK.
☯ ☯ ☯ ☯
éÀçü¿öÀ lesson ™ ´’†ç so ¢√úøéπç îª÷¨»ç éπü∆.
'so' Åçõ‰–
1) Åçûª
a) He isn't so tall. (Åûª-†çûª §Òúø’-Ííç-é¬ü¿’)
b) The place is so distant.
(Ç îÓô’ Åçûª ü¿÷®Ωç)
´·êuçí¬ so + adjective/ adverb + that (so
tall that/ so large that/ so nice that, etc.)
Åçõ‰ adjective/ adverb ©’ ûÁLÊ° à ¢Ë’®Ωèπ◊
ÅE ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úøû√ç.
2) American usage ™ î√™« ÅE Å®Ωnç.
a) Thank you so much.
(British: Thank you very much.)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
222
Thank you so much
b) You are so nice.
(British: You are very nice)
É°æ¤púø’ ü¿í∫_®Ω ü¿í∫_®Ω Å™«çöÀ Å®Ωnç, ¢√úø’éπ Ö†o
'such' N≠æߪ’ç îª÷ü∆lç.
Such Åçõ‰ Å™«çöÀ.
a) I don't like such things = Å™«çöÀ N≠æ-ߪ÷©’
Ø√éÀ-≠dçæ -™‰ü¿’.
b) He never smiles. Such men are very dan-
gerous = Åûª-ØÁ-°æ¤púø÷ †´yúø’. Å™«ç-öÀ-¢√∞¡Ÿ}
î√™« v°æ´÷ü¿ç.
c) She works very hard. Such people prosper
= Ç¢Á’ î√™« éπ≠dæ-°æ-úø’-ûª’çC. Å™«ç-öÀ-¢√∞¡Ÿ}
°jéÌ-≤ƒh®Ω’.
Such E É™« èπÿú≈ ¢√-úø-û√ç. (Such ... as èπÿ®Ω’pûÓ)
a) Such people as Gandhi are always
respected = í¬çDµ-™«çöÀ ´uèπ◊h©’ á°æ¤púø÷
íı®Ω´ç §Òçü¿’-û√®Ω’.
(´÷´‚©’ ûÁ©’í∫’ = í¬çDµ-™«çöÀ ´uèπ◊h-©†’
á°æ¤p-úø÷ íı®Ω-N-≤ƒh®Ω’)
b) Such trees as the coconut grow very tall
(éÌ•s-J-îÁôx ™«çöÀ îÁô’x à°æ¤í¬ °®Ω’-í∫’-û√®·)
Ééπ\úø such ¢√úË B®Ω’, Å™«çöÀ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ: such
+ noun + as + noun (à Ê°®Ω’-ØÁjØ√ noun Åçö«ç)
c) Such movies as Titanic are rare. (Titanic
™«çöÀ ÆœE-´÷©’ Å®Ω’ü¿’)
Ééπ\úø ´÷ô èπÿ®Ω’p:
Such + movies (noun) + as + Titanic (noun)
Å®·ûË äéπ ´·êu í∫´’-Eéπ: °∂晫Ø√ ´uèπ◊h©, N≠æ-ߪ÷©
™«çöÀ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ éπü∆ Ééπ\úø ´’†ç such ... as
¢√úø’-ûª’Ø√oç. É™« such ... as ¢√úøôç ÆæÈ®j-†-°æp-öÀéÃ,
ÉC é¬Ææh ví¬ç-C∑éπç, §ƒçúÕûªuç. Éçûª-éπç-õ‰ like ¢√úøôç
î√™« simple, better éπü∆! (™«çöÀ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ)
1) Such men as Gandhi are always respected
= Men like Gandhi are always respected.
2) Such trees as the coconut = Trees like the
coconut.
such ... as •ü¿’©’ like ¢√úøôç Ææ®Óy-ûªh´’ç éπü∆.
É°æ¤púø’ ÉC îª÷úøçúÕ:
a) I bought a variety of fruits such as the
mango, the apple, etc.
2
He is such a man that all like him =
(´÷N’úÕ, apple ™«çöÀ ®Ωéπ-®Ω-鬩 °æçúø’x éÌØ√o).
É™«ç-öÀ-îÓôx èπÿú≈ such as •ü¿’©’ like ¢√úøôç Åçü¿®Ω÷ É≠æd-°æúË ´uéÀh Åûª†’.
´’† ¶µ«≠憒 Ææ®Ω-∞¡çí¬, Ææ£æ«-ïçí¬ NE-°œç-îËô’x ÉD so ... that èπÿ, such ... that èπÿ Ö†o
îËÆæ’hçC. Ææç•çüµ¿ç, ûËú≈. ÉçéÓ N≠æߪ’ç èπÿú≈ îª÷ü∆lç.
b) There were a number of things such as a) He is such a good man that we all like him
pen, paper, etc., = There were a number of = Åûª†’ ¢Ë’´’ç-ü¿®Ωç É≠æd-°æ-úËçûª ´’ç*-¢√úø’.
things like ... b) He is so good a man that we all like him.
3) Now look at the following sentences from
(a) ™ such a good man = (b) ™ so good a
the conversation at the beginning of the
man
lesson.
c) She is so clever a woman that she can
a) You have been away for such a long time
solve any problem easily = She is such a
that I felt lonely.
clever woman that she can ...
b) such a tough assignment that I had to visit
a number of places. (à Ææ´’-Ææu-ØÁjØ√ °æJ-≠æ \-Jç-îª-í∫-L-T-†çûª ûÁL-N
c) ... they were such lousy movies that I -í∫-™«¢Á’)
wished that I hadn't gone to them. so clever a woman = such a clever woman
so + adjective/ adverb
d) India is such a large country/ so large a
+ that- Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫ç-™«ç-öÀüË
country that progress cannot be quick
°j sentences such
™
... that
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç èπÿú≈. (ÅGµ-´%Cl¥ Åçûª ûªyJûªç 鬆çûª °ü¿l ü˨¡ç
a) He is so good that all
¶µ«®Ωû˝)
like him= Åûª†’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥Eo •öÀd, so í¬F such í¬F ¢√úø-´îª’a.
Åçü¿®Ω÷ É≠æd-°æ-úËçûª Sentences from the conversation:
´’ç*-¢√úø’. M. SURESAN 1) You have been away for such a long time
b) He is such a good that I felt lonely.
man that all like him.
Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ so ¢√úø-´îª’a. Å®·ûË Â°j† îª÷°œ-†-
Åçü¿®Ω÷ Åûª-†çõ‰ É≠æd-°æ-úø-û√®Ω’. Åçûª ´’ç*-¢√-úø- ô’xí¬ such a long time, so long a time
ûª†’. = Åûª-†ç-ü¿®Ω÷ É≠æd-°æ-úËç-ûª- ´’ç-*-¢√úø’.
í∫´’-Eç-î√®Ω’ éπü∆. Ééπ\úø a) Å®Ωnç, b) Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰. Å´¤ûª’çC.
You have been away for so long a time that
c) The day was so hot that we couldn't go out
= ¢Ë’ç •ßª’-öÀéÀ ¢Á∞¡x-™‰-†çûª áçúøí¬ ÖçC Ç ®ÓV. ...
[so + adjective (hot) + that] 2) ... such a tough assignment that I had to
d) It was such a hot day that we couldn't go out. visit many places = so tough an assign-
sentence (c)
D†®Ωnç, Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰. í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ. ment that I had to visit many places ...
word order
Å®·ûË Ééπ\úø (´÷ô© èπÿ®Ω’p) ûËú≈. 3) ... they were such lousy movies that ... =
such + adjective (hot) + day (noun) + that
the movies were so lousy that ...
so
so ... that, such ... that
鬕öÀd È®çúÕçöÀ Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰. Å®·ûË, ûª®√yûª ÉO Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©’.
adjective/ adverb such
´Ææ’hçC. adjec-
ûª®√yûª,
tive noun
´*a, ü∆E ûª®√yûª
äéÓ\-≤ƒJ, noun ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ´Ææ’hçC.
èπÿú≈ ®√¢√L.
EXERCISE ANSWER
Pratap: E†o meeting èπ◊ î√™«-´’çC Pratap: Did a large number attend the meeting yesterday?
´î√a®√? / Was it a largely attended meeting yesterday?
Manish: áçûª Ææçêu™ ´î√a-®Ωçõ‰ Åçûª Manish: It was such a large number/ so large a number
°ü¿l Hall èπÿú≈ ÆæJ-§Ú-™‰ü¿’. that the hall wasn't enough.
Pratap: ´éπh ¶«í¬ ´÷ö«x-ú≈ú≈? Pratap: Did he speak well?
Manish: Åçü¿®Ω÷ E¨¡z-•lçí¬ èπÿ®Ω’aE Manish: He was such a great speaker/ so great a
v¨¡ü¿l¥ûÓ N†oçûª íÌ°æp ´éπh Çߪ’†. speaker that all heard him with all attention.
Pratap: àçö«-ߪ’† v°æÆæç-í∫ç™ N¨Ï-≥ƒ©’? Pratap: What were the special points/ highlights of his speech?
Manish: Çߪ’† îÁ°œp† Å稻©’ áçûª
Manish: He made such good points/ the points he made
were so good that we can easily practise them.
´·êu-¢Á’i-†-´çõ‰, ´’†ç Ææ’©¶µºçí¬
ņ’-Ææ-Jç--îªí∫-LÍíç-ûªN.
Pratap: Was it such a good speech/ so good a speech?
Pratap: Åçûª ´’ç* v°æÆæç-í∫´÷?
Manish: So good a speech/ such a good speech that
Manish: @Nûªç™ ´’Sx N†-™‰-†çûª ´’ç*
we can't hear it again.
v°æÆæçí∫ç.
Pratap: Unfortunately, I couldn't attend it.
Pratap: ü¿’®Ω-ü¿%≠ædç, ®√™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷†’.