-≤Ú-´’¢√®Ωç 5 -´÷-Ja 2007 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 1

°œ©’°æ¤ Éî√a®Ω’ éπü∆?) called ûª®√yûª 'as' ¢√úøç.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 282
Prahlad: You were talking about some book
yesterday. What is it called?
(EØËoüÓ °æ¤Ææhéπç í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-ú≈´¤. ü∆E
Ê°Í®çöÀ?)
Bhagat: (Do) you mean the fat book with yel-
low covers? It's Mathematics Made
Easy by prof Ganith. A very useful
book really.
(°æÆæ’°æ¤ Åö«d Ö†o ™«´¤ °æ¤Ææhéπç í∫’Jç-
îËØ√ †’´¤y ´÷ö«x-úËC? ÅC Prof
(Professor) Ganith ®√Æœ†
Mathematics Made Easy. î√™« Ö°æ-
Boycott = E®Ω-Ææí¬ ã ´uéÀhE í¬F/ ã °æEE é¬F
•£œ«-≠æ \-Jç-îªôç)
Prahlad: That's true, but they called it off
when he told them that he didn't
mean to insult them.
(Eï¢Ë’ é¬F, Nü∆u-®Ω’n-©†’ Å´´÷-EçîË
ÖüËl¨¡ç ûª†èπ◊ ™‰ü¿E Çߪ’† îÁ°æp-ôçûÓ,
¢√∞¡Ÿx-ü∆Eo Ö°æ-Ææç-£æ«-Jç--èπ◊-Ø√o-®Ω’.
®Ωü¿’lîËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’.)
Bhagat: Teaching really calls for a lot of
patience. Impatience and teaching
do not go together. it calls for a lot of
preparation too.
(Teaching èπ◊ ã®Ω’p -î√™« Å´-Ææ®Ωç.
ã®Ω’p-™‰O’, -¶-üµ¿-† Ñ È®çúø÷ äéπ ü∆EûÓ
äéπöÀ §ÒÆæ-í∫-´¤. Éçé¬ öÃ*çí˚èπ◊ prepa-
b) Now that she is married to
Mr.Sinha, she will be called
Mrs.Sinha from now on.
(ÆœØ√|ûÓ Â°∞¡x-®·çC éπü∆ Ç¢Á’èπ◊
É°æpöÀ †’ç* Ç¢Á’ Mrs. Sinha
ÅE °œ©-´-•-úø’-ûª’çC. Mrs. response.
Sinha ÅE °œ©’-≤ƒh®Ω’.) (´÷¢Ó-®·-Ææ’d© •çü˛ °œ©’-°æ¤-†èπ◊ Ææpçü¿-†-™‰ü¿’.)
3) Ééπ call èπ◊ ´÷´‚-©’í¬ Ö†o ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç, §∂ÚØ˛ 6) ... because he called students names
îËߪ’ôç. - Call (someone) names Åçõ‰ äéπ-JE ü¿÷≠œç-
a) I called your home but there was no îªôç, ü¿’®√s¥-≠æ-™«úøfç ÅE. (Idiot, fool,
response. scoundrel, rogue ™«çöÀ ´÷ô-©ûÓ Aôdôç)
(O’ ÉçöÀéÀ §∂ÚØ˛ î˨»†’. Ææpçü¿-†-™‰ü¿’.) a) He is good at calling names.
b) I'll call you back. (Éûª-®Ω’-©†’ Aôd-ôç™ ¢√úø’ íÌ°æp)
(Fèπ◊ ´’Sx/-A-JT §∂ÚØ˛ îË≤ƒh†’.) b) Unable to bear her husband's ill treatment
OöÀéÀ ûÓúø’ callèπ◊ Ö†o ´’J-éÌEo Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©’ she called him names.
(¶µº®Ωh ¢ËCµç-°æ¤©’ û√∞¡-™‰éπ Ç¢Á’ ÅûªúÕE ü¿÷≠œç-*çC.)
7) But they called off...
Call off =

WE CALL OUR COUNTRY

ßÁ÷-í∫-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† °æ¤Ææhéπç)
Made Easy = àüÁjØ√ Æ涄èb π◊d†’ Ææ’©-¶µºçí¬ N´-JçîË
°æ¤Ææh-é¬-EéÀ É™«çöÀ Ê°®Ω’ °úø-û√®Ω’.
Maths Made Easy, Physics Made Easy.
Made Easy =
Ææ’-©’-´¤í¬ -îËÆœ†
Prahlad: How about lending it to me for a few
days?
(éÌEo-®Ó-V©’ Ø√èπ◊ Ç °æ¤Ææh-é¬Eo Å®Ω’-N-
´y¢√?)
lend= Å®Ω’´¤/ Å°æ¤p É´yôç.
Bhagat: Call me tomorrow evening about this
time. I'll let you know If I am done
with it and if I can give it to you.
(Í®°æ¤ ÑÆæ-´’-ߪ÷-EéÀ Ø√èπ◊ §∂ÚØ˛îÁ®·u.
؈’ Féπ-°æ¤púø’ îÁ•’-û√†’, Ø√èπ◊ ü∆çûÓ°æ†-
®·-§Ú-®·çü∆ ™‰ü∆ ÅE, ü∆Eo FéÀ-´y-í∫-©Ø√
™‰ü∆ ÅE)
If I am done with it - be done with something
= äéπ N≠æߪ’ç °æ‹®Ωh-´ôç/ üËEûÓ Å®·Ø√ °æE-°æ‹-®Ωh-
´yôç Éçéπ-ü∆E Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰éπ-§Ú-´ôç.
Prahlad: How long can I keep it?
(ØËØÁç-ûª-鬩ç Öç-éÓ-´îª’a ü∆Eo)
Bhagat: Call me back in a week. You can
keep it as long as that.
(äéπ-¢√®Ωç ûª®√yûª AJT §∂ÚØ˛ îÁß˝’.)
Prahlad: Is the book really good?
(Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç Eïçí¬ íÌ°æpü∆/ ¶«´¤çü∆?)
Bhagat: It's really good. Some of the difficult
problems have been worked out
very clearly. Our lecturer's teaching
isn't as good as that.
(Eïçí¬ ¶«í∫’çC. éÌEo éπ≠d-¢æ Á’i† ™„éπ\©’
î√™« N-´®Ωçí¬ N´-Jç* ÖØ√o®·. ´’†
™„éπa-®Ω®˝ öÃ*çí˚ D†çûª ¶«í∫’ç-úøü¿’.)
Prahlad: He calls himself a great teacher, but
his explanations are as clear as
mud.
(Çߪ’† ûªØË-üÓ íÌ°æp öÃ˝ †çö«úø’. é¬E
Çߪ’† N´-®Ωù Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-´ôç î√™«
éπ≠dçæ .)
As clear as mud = Å®Ωnç-îË-Ææ’-éÓ-´ôç éπ≠dç
æ.
His jokes are as clear as mud.
(ÅûªúÕ ñé˙q Å®Ωnç-鬴¤ – Åçõ‰ †´¤y °æ¤öÀdç-¤
ÅE.)
Bhagat: Wasn't there a call for a boycott of
his classes, because he called stu-
dents names?
(Nü∆u-®Ω’n©†’ AöÀd†-ç-ü¿’èπ◊ -E®ΩÆæ-†í¬
Çߪ’† é¬xÆˇ-© •£œ«-≠æ \-®Ω-ùèπ◊ -N-ü∆u®Ω’-n©’
Ö°æ-Ææç-£æ«-Jç--éÓ-ôç/-®Ωü¿’l îËߪ’ôç.
a) The Umpires decided to call off the match
because of poor light.
(ÆæÈ®j† ¢Á©’-ûª’®Ω’ ™‰†ç-ü¿’-´©x Umpires, match †’
®Ωü¿’l îËߪ’-ö«-EéÀ E®Ωg-®·ç-î√®Ω’.)
b) The Workers' Union Called off the strike.
îª÷ü∆lç.
tion - (é¬Jtéπ Ææç°∂æ’ç Ææ¢Á’t†’ N®Ω-N’ç-*çC, Ö°æ-Ææç-£æ«-Jç-
Look at the following Sentences from the
´·çü¿’í¬ ûªßª÷-®Ω-´ôç Å´-Ææ®Ωç)
Prahlad: It does, of course. Any idea of -èπ◊çC.)
dialogue at the beginning of the lesson:
becoming a teacher? 8) Teaching Calls for a lot of patience = Call
1) What is it (the book) called?
(ÅC Eï¢Ë’. FÍé-´’Ø√o öÃ˝ ÅßË’u for = Å´-Ææ-®Ω-´’-´ôç.
a) Medicine Calls for Patience.
(Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç Ê°Í®çöÀ?)
ÖüËl¨¡uç Öçü∆?) Call me tomorrow evening.
2)
Bhagat: I don't think I can make a good (¢Ájü¿u ´%AhéÀ ã®Ω’p Å´-Ææ®Ωç)
teacher. I don't want to hear cat calls
(Í®°æ¤ Ø√èπ◊ §∂ÚØ˛ îÁß˝’.) b) Designing a bridge like that Calls off care-
3) Call me back in a week. ful Planning and ingenuity.
and whistles in my class.
(؈’ öÃ˝í¬ °æEéÀ ®√†-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’. (¢√®Ωç ûª®√yûª ´’Sx Ø√èπ◊ §∂ÚØ˛ îÁß˝’.) (Å™«çöÀ ´çûÁ† ®Ω÷°æ-éπ-©p-†èπ◊ ÆæÈ®j† °æü∑¿éπç, éÌûªh
classay °œLx-èπÿ-ûª©÷, Ñ©©÷ NØ√-©E 4) He calls himself a great teacher. °æü¿l¥-ûª’©’, éÌûªh Nüµ∆-Ø√©’ Ç™-*ç-îª-í∫© ¨¡éÀh Å´-
ņ’-éÓ-´-ôç-™‰ü¿’.) (Çߪ’† ûªØÁçûÓ íÌ°æp öÃ˝ÅE îÁ°æ¤p-èπ◊ç-ö«úø’.) Ææ®Ωç.)
Prahlad: Bye then, see you (´≤ƒh) 5) Wasn't there a call for the boycott of his Ingenuity - ÉØ˛-ñ„Ø˛—ߪ‚-ÅöÀ: 'ߪ‚— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-



classes. èπ◊û√ç. 'É— éÌçîÁç ûªèπ◊\´ ØÌéÀ\ °æ-©’èπ◊û√ç.
Call ÅØËC English ™ Ææ®Ωy-≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ωù¢Á’i† ´÷ô. (Çߪ’† class © •≠œ-≠æ \-®Ω-ùèπ◊ °œ©’-°œ-î√a®Ω’ Å®Ωnç = ¢Ë’üµ¿-Ææ’qûÓ éÌûªhí¬ Ç™-*ç-îª-í∫-©-í∫úøç, Ææ´’-Ææu-
Å®·ûË ¢√úË Ææçü¿-®√s¥Eo •öÀd, ü∆çûÓ éπLÊ° Éûª®Ω éπü∆/ °œ©’°æ¤ ´*açC éπü∆?) ©èπ◊, éÌûªh °æJ-≥ƒ\-®√©’ éπ†’-éÓ\-´ôç.)
´÷ô-©†’ •öÀd, Call Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç English ™ î√™« 6) ... because he called students, names. Ingenuousness- ÉC ¢ËÍ®. àç Å®Ω-´’-J-éπ©’
áèπ◊\´. ÉC Simple Spoken English ™ î√-™« (Nü∆u-®Ω’n-©†’ ü¿’®√s¥-≠æ-™«úÕ†çü¿’èπ◊ í¬†’.) ™‰èπ◊çú≈ ´’†-Ææ’q™ Ö†o-ü¿’-†oô’x frank í¬ îÁÊ°p
v°æ´·-ê-¢Á’i† ´÷ô. Daily real life situations ™ 7) But they called it off when he told them ... ûªûªyç).
DE ¢√úøéπç î√™« áèπ◊\´. É°æ¤púø’ call †’ í∫’Jç* (é¬F ¢√∞¡Ÿx ü∆Eo Ö°æ-Ææç-£æ«-Jç--èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’/ ®Ωü¿’l Exercise: Match the following:
éÌEo N≠æ-ߪ÷©’ ûÁ©’Ææ’èπ◊çü∆ç. îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’.) A B
1) Call Åçõ‰ ´’†ç-ü¿-Jéà ¶«í¬ ûÁL-Æ œ† Å®Ωnç – °œ©- 8) Teaching really calls for a lot of patience 1. barefoot A) Broken
´ôç. and preparation. 2. abundant B) very much
a) Please call the bearer. (öÃ*çí˚èπ◊ î√™« ã®Ω’p, v°œ°æ-Í®-≠æØ˛ Å´-Ææ®Ωç.) 3. cracked C) provoke
é¬Ææh bearer †’ °œ©-´çúÕ. (´÷´‚-©’í¬ È®≤ƒd- What is it called, Call me tomorrow, Call me 4. extremely D) stress
È®çö¸q™ server ÅE ûª°æ¤pí¬ °œLîË Ç£æ…®Ω §ƒF- back in a week = -OöÀ Å®√n©’ ´’†èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’. 5. irritate E) Shoeless
ߪ÷-©ç-CçîË ¢√®Ω’ – bearer. ¶„ß˝’®Ω) É°æ¤púø’ OöÀE îª÷úøçúÕ. F) Plenty
b) The teacher called me to tell me to study 4) He calls himself a great teacher. Key: 1) F 2) E 3) A 4)B 5) C
well. (ûªØËüÓ íÌ°æp öÃîª-®˝-†E îÁ°æ¤p-èπ◊ç-ö«úø’. Ééπ\úø
(¶«í¬ îªü¿-´-´’E îÁ°æp-ö«-EéÀ ††’o °œL-î√úø’.) Call Åçõ‰ Å®Ωnç, îÁ°æ¤p-éÓ-´ôç.)
2) Call Åçõ‰ Ê°®Ω’ °öÀd °œ©-´ôç èπÿú≈ éπü∆? a) They call him a great Cricketer, but he is
a) We call our Country India. not in form now.
(´’†ç ´’† ü˨»Eo ¶µ«®Ωû˝ ÅE °œ©’≤ƒhç/ (ÅûªúÕE ¢√∞¡Ÿx íÌ°æp véÀÈé-ô®˝ Åçö«-®Ω’/-ÅE
Åçö«ç) ņ’èπ◊çö«®Ω’, é¬F Åûª-úÕ-°æ¤púø’ ¶«í¬ ÇúË °æJ-Æœn-
b) They call their new born child Anand. A™ ™‰úø’.) v°æ¨¡o:
b) They call you a gentleman, but is this how
(¢√∞¡xèπ◊ °æ¤öÀd† Gúøf†’ džçü˛ ÅE °œ©’-≤ƒh®Ω’/ No, Not Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©’ N´-Jç-îªçúÕ.
you behave?
Åûª-úÕéÀ džçü˛ ÅE Ê°®Ω’ °ö«d®Ω’.) There is not a cat on the table. There is no
c) We call Gandhi a Mahatma. (Åçü¿®Ω’ †’¢ËyüÓ Â°ü¿l-´’-E-≠œ-´ç-ö«®Ω’, É™«Ø√ cat on the table. -Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u™x àC
(í¬çDµE ´’£æ…-ûª’t-úøE °œ©’≤ƒhç/ Åçö«ç.) †’´¤y v°æ´-Jhç-îËC?) éπÈ®é˙d?
Important: Call ûª®√yûª as ®√ü¿’. 5) Wasn't there a call for a boycott... – Æœ.£«î˝. ¢Áçéπ-õ‰¨¡ç, -ï-úøa®Ωx.
d) She called him a fool. (She called him as a –Ééπ\úø call èπ◊ Å®Ωnç, àüÁjØ√ Ωuèπ◊ °œ©’°æ¤ ÅE.
a) The Mahatma gave a call for non coopera-
ï¢√•’:
fool
There is not a cat on the table, There is no
é¬ü¿’)
tion.
English ™ Passive form of call 'be called cat on the table - correct.
È®çúø÷ Å®·ûË
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç î√™« áèπ◊\´. (be •ü¿’©’, -à be form (Ææ£æ…-ߪ’-E-®√-éπ-®Ω-ùèπ◊ ´’£æ…-û√t-í¬çDµ °œ©’-°œ- Spoken English not
™ °æ‹Jhí¬ Å†-èπ◊çú≈,
Å®·Ø√ ¢√úø-´îª’a – am, is, are, shall be, has î√a®Ω’.) There isn't a cat on the table ÅE-í¬F, Åçûª-
been, etc) b) The Workers' Union gave a call for tool éπçõ‰ ¢Á’®Ω’í¬_There isn't any cat on the
a) Gandhi is called Mahatma - Ééπ\úø is called down strike. table ÅEí¬F Åçö«ç. There is no cat on
passive form ™ Öçúøôç í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ – í¬çDµ (°æE-´·ô’x -´-C-L Ææ-¢Á’tèπ◊ -Cí¬-©-E é¬Jt-éπ-Ææç°∂æ’ç the table é¬Ææhformal.
´’£æ…-ûª’t-úøE °œ©’-´-•-úø-û√úø’ – ´÷´‚©’ ûÁ©’í∫’ °œ©’-°œ-*açC.)
–í¬çDµ-E ´’£æ…-ûª’t-úøç-ö«®Ω’. Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ is C) The Maoists' call for a bandh got no
- M. SURESAN