1

Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier

Professor Z Ghassemlooy
Electronics and IT Division
School of Engineering
Sheffield Hallam University
U.K.
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Contents
Theory
Implementation
Transmitter
Detector
Synchronous
Square
Power analysis
Summary
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Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier
From AM spectrum:
Carries signal e
c
carries no information e
m
.
Carries signal consumes a lot of power more
than 50%
e
c
- e
m
e
c
e
c
+ e
m
Carrier
USB LSB
Single frequency
Question: Why transmit carrier at all?
Ans:
Question: Can one suppress the carrier?
Ans.: Yes, just transmit two side bands (i.e DSB-SC)
System complexity at the receiver
But what is the penalty?
4
DSB-SC - Theory
General expression:
) ( cos ] ) ( [ ) (
1 c c
t C t m k t c | + e + =
Let k
1
= 1, C = 0 and |
c
= 0, the modulated carrier signal, therefore:
t t m t c
c
e = cos ) ( ) (
Information signal m(t) = E
m
cos e
m
t
Thus
t
ME
t
ME
t t E t c
m c
c
m c
c
c m m
) ( cos
2
) ( cos
2
cos cos ) (
e e + e + e =
e e =
upper side band lower side band
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DSB-SC - Waveforms
B = 2e
m

Mixer
(Multiplier)
Notice: No carrier frequency
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DSB-SC - Implementation
AM
mod.
Carrier
E
c
cos e
c
t
0.5 m(t)
-0.5 m(t)
+
-
DSB-SC
E
c
m(t) cos e
c
t
+
E
c
(1+ 0.5 m(t) cos e
c
t
E
c
(1- 0.5 m(t) cos e
c
t
Balanced modulator
Ring modulator
Square-law modulator
AM
mod.
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DSB-SC - Detection
Synchronous detection
Multiplier
Low
pass
filter
Message signal
DSB-SC
Local oscillator
c(t) = cos e
c
t
t t t m t y
c c
e - e = cos ] cos ) ( [ ) (
t t m t m
t t m t y
c
c
e + =
e + =
2 cos ) ( ) (
] 2 cos 1 [ ) ( ) (
2
1
2
1
2
1
) ( ) (
2
1
t m t v =
Condition:
Local oscillator has the same
frequency and phase as that of the
carrier signal at the transmitter.
e
m
2e
c
+e
m
2e
c
-e
m
Low pass filter

high frequency

information
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DSB-SC - Synchronous Detection
Case 1 - Phase error
Multiplier
Low
pass
filter
Message signal
DSB-SC
Local oscillator
c(t) = cos(e
c
t+u)
Condition:
Local oscillator has the same
frequency but different phase
compared to carrier signal at the
transmitter.
e
m
2e
c
+e
m
2e
c
-e
m
Low pass filter

high frequency

information
) ( cos ] cos ) ( [ ) ( u + e - e = t t t m t y
c c
) 2 ( cos ) ( cos ) (
) ( cos ) ( ) 2 ( cos ) ( ) (
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
u + e + u =
u + u + e =
t t m t m
t m t t m t y
c
c
u = cos ) ( ) (
2
1
t m t v
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Phase Synchronisation - Costa Loop
Recovered
signal
When there is no phase error. The quadrature component is zero
When u= 0, y
ip
(t) decreases, while y
qp
(t) increases
X
VCO
DSB-SC
E
c
cos (e
c
t+u)
LPF
Phase
discriminator
In-phase
0.5E
c
m(t) cos u
V
phase
(t)
y
ip
(t)
X.
0.5E
c
m(t) sin u
90
o

phase shift
LPF
E
c
sin (e
c
t+u)
Quadrature-phase
y
qp
(t)
The out put of the phase discriminator is proportional to u
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DSB-SC - Synchronous Detection
Case 1 - Frequency error
Multiplier
Low
pass
filter
Message signal
DSB-SC
Local oscillator
c(t)=E
c
cos(e
c
t+Ae)
Condition:
Local oscillator has the same
phase but different frequency
compared to carrier signal at the
transmitter.
e
m
2e
c
+e
m
2e
c
-e
m
Low pass filter

high frequency

information
) ( cos ] cos ) ( [ ) ( e A + e - e = t t t m t y
c c
) 2 ( cos ) ( cos ) (
) ( cos ) ( ) 2 ( cos ) ( ) (
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
e A + e + e A =
e A + e A + e =
t t m t m
t m t t m t y
c
c
e A = cos ) ( ) (
2
1
t m t v
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DSB-SC - Square Detection
Regenerated
carrier
z(t)
Band pass
filter
DSB-SC
S
i
(t)
C
Squaring
circuit
g =x
2

g(t)
by 2
Multiplier
Low pass filter
Message
signal
y(t)
2e
c

g(t) = S
i
2
(t) = B
2
cos
2
e
m
t cos
2
e
c
t
= B
2
( + cos 2 e
m
t )( + cos 2 e
c
t )
= B
2
/4 [1 + cos 2(e
c
+ e
m
)t + cos 2(e
c
- e
m
)t + cos 2e
m
t + cos 2 e
c
t ]
y(t) = B
2
/4 cos 2w
c
t z(t) = B
2
/4 cos w
c
t
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DSB-SC - Power
The total power (or average power):
R
ME
ME
R
P
c
c
SC DSB T
4
) (
2
2 / 2
2
2
=
(

=

The maximum and peak envelop power
2
) (
R
ME
P
c
SC DSB P
=

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DSB-SC - Summary
Advantages:
Lower power consumption





Disadvantage:
- Complex detection
Applications:
- Analogue TV systems: to transmit colour information
- For transmitting stereo information in FM sound broadcast
at VHF