[-

I
Sridhar: Where were you last Evening?

(Eo \-[-o?)
Srikanth: I was at Sankar's. We spent the
evening together.

( Rxx o.
v ]l L o.)
Sridhar: Do you see him everyday?

.) > -D \[-[. \-\-[-?

Ramesh: M]. ] q------o?
Naresh: Eo --E (want to
[).
Answer:

(W y Eo ---?)

Ramesh: Hi Naresh? How are you?

Srikanth: No. He is out some evenings. He

( --J-
)

attends music classes two or three

practice

evenings a week.

Naresh:

(] Eo--V v
x [[. -E [, [
-v U a--[.)

Ramesh: Fine too. Thank you. Why are you

Sridhar: When did he start learning?

(a--[ p[ ] d[?)
Srikanth: I don't know. I think he has been
at, is for at least 6 to 7 months

Fine. Thank you. How are you?

(How is it you are here?/What brings you

(Have you/do you have the habit of reading?)

here?/How do I see you here now?-

Naresh: Yes, I read a lot. Reading interests

n . u-
.)

O-Eo

Sridhar: How about a movie tomorrow? Will

you be free?

( E ? y
S?)
Srikanth: I will be away tomorrow. I will be
free the day after tomorrow.

( -[. x S
.)
j - -E-.
Time d verb forms ?
C - O friends F, O -J x--J--j practice . p-- Spoken English Columns #a
N- O follow , -
O . ( C x ] OO
friends x practice .)
Ramesh: o?
Naresh: o, uu.
y
o?
Ramesh: o. uu.
p[ \-[-o?
Naresh: h- ]l Eo h o. J
]. Eo AJT a--E -o.
Ramesh: h- ?
Naresh: Eo @ .
Ramesh: ] o-[ -E--?
Naresh: Cl ]- o!
Ramesh: F h- C --?
Naresh: \ ]--. ]-
h.
Ramesh: E- [?
Naresh: y h?
Ramesh: . F -E--J.
Naresh: (tomorrow begin

o,

Do you watch?

!
not in a good condition / is in a bad

condition. I want to return it.

watch?

Ramesh: What's (=What is) wrong with the

book?
(What's wrong-

C Tx- y----

Do you not watch / Don't you

Naresh: Do you?

\[ Do you watch movies E Jh

Lq - ]. / Do you sea a lot?
Ramesh: Oh,

yes.

Why are you in a hurry?

]- ] F?/--] [--o?
hurry(J) = ]
Crawl (v) = [
u x E -, K \
xo v, x N, [-E x
x [, x, x
Eo creep (v-vq, vd) .
[ L E- ][.
Creep--u, -- ]-[
n C.
= worry (J);
[-[ =amble ()
(camp am -L)
]-- = haste (d)
PRONUNCIATION GUIDE

week. / I watch

1) English

movies at least

Naresh: Tomorrow is/will be a holiday for

ming, cunning - a [- - -L.

hitting =
betting =
selling = L
humming = N
cunning = E,
(d, d, Lx etc [])

us. My cousin Jagadish also will

2) Looked, booked, talked, pressed, jumped

once a week.

[ n: -?, ?,
p--o?)

\[ O -
--L-T Oh, yes, I

Naresh: Some pages are missing.

do. At least once a weak.

Ramesh: Didn't you (did you not) notice it

E clipped sentences (C-# u) [a. I do= I watch.

this morning when you bought it?

-u -C [ -E, pur[- C u. ---E, -, buy, buys, bought etc. d. -] purchase [-a.

chase(s) past doing word 'purchased'

Naresh:

I was in a little hurry

'She has been this job

She has been in this job

for the last one year' o n .

u -q- ]E
] u-E n. u-E n
u- -q < C.

M. SURESAN

be?

Looked= Lookt; talked=talkt etc.

want to know?
Naresh: I wish to/want to invite you to my
place.

. -- Spoken English
-o Cl -- ----

'She has been this job for the last one year

hitting, betting, selling, hum-

be here tomorrow. Where will you

Ramesh: I don't (do not) know. Why do you

I have a few purchases to make.

Eo h- - L.
Oj buy, buys, bought [. C.

O C.

Sentence structures practice

- vocabulary ( Eo
) -L.
climb up = \[
climb down = C[
rush = yy
x[/ -N-
x[/urgent Ej [.
Hurry up, please = y F.

one movie a

x 11

practice

VOCABULARY

watch at least

'She has had this job for the last

one year'

movies?

(\[ -E-. h?

Do you?

for the last one year' [

u N?
N--t, N--[

Ramesh: Don't you (Do you not) watch

Naresh: I bought some books in this shop

'She has had this job for the last

one year'

me/ I am interested in reading.

practice

here this morning. One of them is

( L]. F [ -
E O o-[--.)

[
Ramesh: Do you read a lot?

here?

now.

vo:

E 2 Vj 2005

- x #J

'ed'

E t -L.

O !

p Tx O
p Tx, vA\, [,
>[, j]82

# a.
email: pratibha@ eenadu.net

v's' / 'es' h.
u d ]. She has been in this vo: E -h. DEE Tx- : I got married, I was married [
job L (in L).
d. n v Cl C.
?
I
. v, [ got married = x-C ( V,
vo: Simple present tense subject's
singular o-p[ verb 's' E, : I will make him / her / them / you -q C- N- ]-sEo d
clear ).
'es'E -h. Subject - 'I' o- do it.
p[ verb 's', 'es' a--]?
vo: I got married, I was married Ex: I got married (on Monday last/ last
year / in 2004 / 22nd June etc.)
. --], Cl--E-
[ u j--? ]I
was
married = DE n p-
s uEo --T: Simple present Singular subx----]E.
L?
jects Eo- Verb 's' / 'es'a. III
. y, -[ Q: Were you married (at the time)?
Person singular subjects- He, She, It
A: yes, I was married.

[-

I
Pranav: How is everybody, Praveen?

[[.

(vO! ] o,
-?)
Praveen: Not bad, I suppose. How is it with
you?

( o----o. y
o)
Pranav:

Fine. Thank you.

( o)
jFo --J . O vq,
Eo--- ---o-p[ --J
[--[.
Praveen: How about practising the following
exercise? (How about
English
exercise
practice
Pranav: It suits me fine.

- v--E

[-.
l? E n)

C t-AE L----E [.

children (plural) - child (singular)

child
he/she

] -
.

It

( [x [-?)
pron: lay : () = [x--N d[
7. These hotels do good business.
do good business =
8. Why do students waste time?

u [[

(Nu-n ] ' h?)

9. How well they swim!

(x ]-!)
C a-u-n (exclamation )!. question ].
10. Do I look ill?

(x \[ E--h? / x u
\[?)

Well, how was that exercise?

exercise?
Praveen: Which exercise do you mean?

Pranav:

12. Do you go to movies often?

-C.
E
p[ \[ #a Eo

( uh -,
.
h -) d
: 'pron' pronunciation E.
1. I think I am right.

( j ---o).
2. They help their father quite often.

(x x o ---[-.)
pron: often -/--d
3. My dogs often trouble my neighbours.

( \ x
sC [--.)
\[ subject 'My dogs' - DEo O
His/Her/any name d p. 'My dog'
p.
4. I go to temple on fridays.
5. Good children always obey their parents.
parents

(Cl---j x x
N .)
pron: obey = -- [[,
N[, N- LT

O !

p Tx O
p Tx, vA\, [,
>[, j]82.

# a.

email: pratibha@ eenadu.net

The last exercise about rewriting

sentences after changing the sub-

n !
ject?

(O E----h?)

( ]-JC. sentences
subject Ja [)

(x ] J# ----o?)
14. What do they do in the evenings?

( h- --Eo h.)
sentence subject 'These books'.
'These books' ] He/She/J
j(Ramu/Sita) / this book/it, subject

These books give a lot of information

u
He/She/Ram/Sita/This book/ It gives a lot of
information
sentence
subject
He/She/It/Any name
practice

( q--j J# y x-[-o?)

13. What do they think of this plan?

These books give a lot of information.

Pranav:

11. Where do they work?

eg2:

( --u E--h-o?)

l/[F)

( bd )
\ subject 'I'. I ], He/She (\[
it j n ] d C--.)
- j Shravan , Anjali
---. p[ I know the subject well
u He/She/Shravan/Anjali knows the
subject well. -C.

6. Do snakes lay eggs?

Let's (= let us) see what it is.

(
Exercise -1:
subject
He/she/It
senpractice
tence
eg:
I know the subject well.

C u-xE
,
Ja, ] T p N

.

4 Vj 2005

Praveen: It helps us to know when to use

the 1st RDW- Regular Doing
Words (come,
go
2nd
RDW
(comes, goes
do,
does.

N),

x 12
(x -v h?)

1st RDW, 2nd RDW,

do, does

(N

15. Do you like tea? What do they prefer, coffee or tea?

(F d? x C \ d,
?)
Answers:
1. He/She/any name thinks he/she is right.
2. He/She/any name helps their/his/her
father quite often.
3. My dog/It/He/She often troubles my/ his/
her neighbours.
4. He/ She/any name goes to temple on fridays.
5. He/ She/ A good child/ It/ any name obeys
his/her/its/ any name's parent.
6. Does a snake/It lay eggs?
7. This hotel/It does good business.
8. Why does a student waste his/her/any
name's time?
9. How well he/she /any name/ It
swims?
10. Does he/she/any name look ill?
11. Where does he/she/any name work?
12. Does he/she/any name go to movies
often?
13. What does he/she/any name think of this
plan?
14. What does he/she/any name do in the
evenings?
15. Does he/she/any name like tea? What
does he/she prefer?

N),

N --- M. SURESAN
-E -[)
C vd .
--x [ [.
turn on the tap/turn the tap on= ]-[
turn off the tap/turn the tap off=
d[
Ram: Turn on the tap please, I need some
water.

: UhC. - A a-C. (get [.)

: U[ \[ a-C?
: - a-C.
Answer:
Raghu: Who drew that picture?
Ramu:

Lata

Raghu: Does she draw so well?

She draws very well. She got even

Ramu:

a prize last week.

(even a prize

= -A )

Raghu: Where did she learn it?

Ramu:

She learnt it on her own.

(on her own =

, on my own =
x x,
on his own = -- )
Sx draw B-.
DE [ n --o .
3) draw = j \-j regular supply
][.
- B--.
-- ,

on their own =

I draw milk from this booth.

People of this area draw milk from this
booth.
4) draw= bank

# t B--[.

He drew Rs. 5000 from the bank.

withdraw
5) draw=

E -a.
][

Freedom fighters drew inspiration from

Gandhi.

yvu ---] D # pJh

.
pron: Inspiration -p--- = pJh
6) - ][ = draw information
The police were unable to draw information from the accused.

(M- EC- # - ]/ -d----.)

accused (ud) = EC-[ (d J-).

(h Ap. Fx L.)
Shyam: As soon as you draw enough water,
please turn it off. Don't waste water.

(O -Lq-Eo Fx Bo -
-. Fx ' -.)
\[ draw [.
draw:
1)

vo: W 24 vA p Tx

Bapu draws beautiful pictures

Q&A QJ{ . --, t-[ #

p-j -J O
[-C u-E --i english proverb p-E -.
E j proverb ]E p. F
n saying C ?

( ]-i t Uh)

'All lay loads on a willing horse'

Fx N [[, ][

We draw water from the tap/ the well/ the

river etc.,
2) draw

n -]-J .
t [.

. E N, o

1st RDW= draw, 2nd RDW = draws, Past

Doing Word = drew.

C - English vd .
: t U--?
:
: Uh?

: .

Thank you very much E

N. One is never too old to learn (
j ----Lq-N )
C p[ d.

[-

I
Ajitha: Hi Naresh, how goes Life?

( --J x C
. Practice [. Dn,
o E)
Naresh: No regrets. Getting on.

(]-O . J-T--C.)
Ajitha:

Did you go through the Eenadu this

morning?

( V ]l [ C-?)
Naresh: No, I didn't. What's new?

(]. i N ?)
Ajitha:

Don't you (Do not you/Do you not)

read the newspaper?

(u-- ]-?)
Naresh: I do, of course. But this morning I
was in a hurry. I just ran through the
headlines. My sister reads the
paper in detail.

(]--. F ]l -N-
-jq v C. x
h ]--C.)
Ajitha:

Does she?

(?)
-- 'do, does, did'
. ] OE
NJ. Sx # -]
C u Tx- vd .
eg:
1)
Pavan:

Eo O ---C?
([ happen. what, who y Eo
]sx questions 'do', 'does', 'did'
. eg: O--J-a h? Who

gave you the book?)

(What happened to your car yesterday?)
Prakash:
(It broke down yesterday.)
- break
down)
Pavan:
(Does it break down frequently?)
Prakash:

C J T--C.

[-a.
eg:
1)
Laxman: Did you meet Ram yesterday?
Bharat: Yes, I did.
Yes I met him
Conversational
'Yes I did'
2)
Divya:
Does she sing well?
Deepika: She does, very well.
conversational
She does
Yes, she sings very well

- ,

,
.

.
.

3)
Champa: Do you practice the game regularly?
Charan: Oh, yes, I do.
I practice the game regularly
'I do'
4)
Prameela: Does Kranthi meet you often?
Prasanthi: No, she doesn't (= does not)

E h - C.

answer, 'no'
she doesn't
No, she does not meet me often

\[

.
E Jh

5)
Sekhar: Did you talk to Kalyan yesterday?
Chandra: No, I didn't (= did not)
No, I did not talk to him.

C T---?

6)
Mallik:

Lq E-

Do you like cricket?

x 13

E Jh

pLq E-].

Madhav: No, I don't (= do not)

2)
Pradeep: Sreenivas sings well.

I don't like cricket

(-?/--[-?)
\[ does he sing so well E Jh
Lq E-].
3)
Vinai: She scored the highest marks in last
week's exam.

( K- ]J o
\ \ a.)
Varun: Did she?

(\[ Did she score... E

Jh Lq - ].)
, ] do, does, did
vo:

Govardhan: Oh, do you? People don't know

that, unfortunately

(, ?v--C L],
]]'d C )

OJ-p[ do, does, did, am, is, are etc...

[ C conversation English O
friends practice :
C --- [.
Krishna: O D ?
(Do you know Hindi?)
Srinivas:

E Jh -\--].
C conversation J-Q-L-. Do, does
did am, is, are, was, were xh
responses y-a.
1)
Padma:

1)
Pratima:

O N
x--?
Pratibha: x-[--/-x-[.
2)
Janaki:

E
[)
d-/-]

u-vAE ---o.
? C ?

Are you a teacher?

(O ?)
()
-\--].

Prakash:
Yes I am.
Yes, I am a teacher
2)
Sita:
Is Uma a good singer?
Alivelu: No, she isn't (= is not)

( ])
3)
Ramesh:
Are you students?
Jagan & Naresh: No, we aren't/yes, we are

M. SURESAN

(like
Jayanthi:
3)
Shyam:

d?

Sundar:
4)
Prabhat:
Praveen:
5)
Sukumar:

Eo x[
leave [)
? ]?

(go /

v]-v- h
pC (best [)
Suman: ? C?
Sukumar: N--[

] First, second, next : ] u d ]. was

--T--a?
y, 'be' form y , do,
>.N.-X-N, ---- go, come, walk 1st RDW (1st
Regular Doing Words) . \[ was
: 'First best' E . ]-, do C English ]. u 'What
'best' first C. next best, did he do?' d. \[ verb: did do = did.
second best, third best... -a.
Answer: He played / sang; He did not do
vo: Interrogative sentences helping anything a.
verbs --T---p[ was
vo: This stone was laid by somebody
did ]-sx L?
u 'laid' J# N-J--C ux C j- -.
. lying , lie verbs
1) What was he do?
, laid verb present, past,
2) What did he do?
past participle -.
X, v-
.-j.., q-d-
'Best'

M]

(No, it doesn't (does not)).

(XE- [-[).

( # [-.)

(No, I don't)/
(yes, I do).

-]. Eo v ox T--C.

Prasanth: Does he?

Govind: I play better than Sachin.

Jh.... p\x]!

(, v E-----[

T--a.
.

(j -x 2 No, she is not a good

E E, 3 No, we are not students
E F Jh -\--])
- -G-y--E clipped
responses- C-# p]- [-.
C - [.

Suman:

singer

-\--].

Jh
].

No
clear
No, it doesn't
No it doesn't breakdown frequently

] 6 Vj 2005

: This stone was laid by somebody

\[ stone -C-. ,
Dams, GLf-q- Et- v-G--p[ VIP -C- [ / -n [.
The CM laid the foundation stone for the
bridge.

(u-vA - -C- /
-n- .)
lie (present tense) (]l p[), lied (past
tense),

lie

lied

[...),
lay

(past participle).

(present)

lay

(present)

([--[, NvA B-(past),

laim(past participle).

([, [x--d[, -n [), laid (past), laid (past participle).

C p M], E one
E v .

of the hottest
6)
Madan:

y #-- E--h-o.
[)
? C F #- x

(seem; a good fellow

Manoj:
7)
Mukund:
Murari:
8)
Nelson:
Neeraj:
9)
Taruni:
Sania:
Taruni:
Sania:
10)
Bhaskar:
Bhanu:
11)
Teacher:
Pupil:

x -B-?
/ .

h- O?
. Fo /-.

O O J-q h?
h-/--[.
N h .
-/-] ('are' [)
Rx-\[ -x? (were [)
-/-] (were L)
vo d?
-/-] (is L)

Answers:
1)
Pratima: Do you speak Tamil?
Pratibha: Yes, I do / No, I don't.
2)
Janaki: Does Venu like Tennis?
Jayanthi: Yes, he does / No, he doesn't.
3)
Shyam: I want to become the CM
Sundar: Oh, do you? Is that enough?
4)
Prabhat: Kamal left for/went to Mumbai
yesterday
Praveen: Did he? Why?
5)
Sukumar: Our city is the best in A.P.
Suman:
Oh, is it? which city is it?
Sukumar: Vijayawada
Suman:
I don't know whether it is the
best, but I know it is one of the
hottest places.
6)
Madan: You seem/appear to be a good fellow
Manoj: Do I? That's because of your goodness.
7)
Mukund: Are they Indians?
Murari:
No, they aren't / yes, they are
8)
Nelson: Are these books your's?
Neeraj: Yes, they are all mine / No,they
aren't. (= are not)
9)
Taruni: Do you watch TV serials?
Sania: Yes, I do / No, I don't (=do not)
Taruni: Are they interesting?
Sania: Yes, they are / No, they aren't
10)
Bhaskar: Were they here?
Bhanu: Yes, they were / No, they weren't
11)
Teacher: Is this question difficult?
Pupil:
Yes, it is / No it isn't

[-

eg:
1) What gives light and heat to the
world?

(v--E -, E aC C?)
2) What happened yesterday?

v 8 Vj 2005

Ram:

y wj h? (Good at
driving/well [ [)
Rahim:
y h h? ,
h ] l.
(, x x[ ride)

'Who

2) Who gave you the book last night?

( NtLo -----o.)
(-L t-.)

Venu: Let him come in.

Venkat: He wants to talk you sir.

(- O x------o.)
Venu: Ok, what does he want to talk to me?

(, x-----o?)
Venkat: I do not know.

( L-].)
Venu: Ok, let him talk. First of all let him
come in.

(, -E x-[-F-. ]
-L F-.)
j -- let [ -E-. DEo
-- y---- [-.
English I RDW (Regular Doing Wordsgo, come verbs) not questions
p[ 'do'; II RDW (goes, comes
verbs) questions 'not' p[
'does'; Past Doing Words (PDW- went, came
verbs)
'not'
questions
'did'
what, who
do, does,
did

h-]E -o.
p[
y
Eo ]-sx
N E -E-L.

vo:

(Eo vA F h -Ja? Who did give you? .)

- practice .
Ram:
Eo J-TC?
Rahim: j T--C
(break down [.)
(break down , K, , j
v - T-[)
Ram:
- T--?
Rahim: ], ]. Eo v J-TC.
Ram:
Eo J ?
Rahim: ]_-x o -E.
(nearby= ]_-o)
Ram:
y wj h?
Rahim: h.
Ram:
F wjo? y wj
h?
Rahim: wj [. wj h.

-- passive
[. F He is being
u being N-]
L-----.Actually
being y verb past participle
L ! being ]-s
[- L-----.
. p- , o
: He is being difficult-
p[ u o[ E n. \[
'is being' p[ [[ (continuous), is being y past participle
C passive voice -C.
The letter is being written ([
C I am/We are writing the letter passive). is being \ difficult L - N x
o-E n.
I am being good to you.

F x # -o (p[).
He is being harsh.

h
Let's have Coffee

4)

x 14
Answer:
Ram: What happened yesterday?
Rahim: My car broke down.
Ram: Does it breakdown often?
Rahim: No. It doesn't usually. Only yester-

F...F... h F!!

Being
voice
difficult

2)

].
Tx x-[-
Let us (Let's) converse in English

5)

Tx a-
Let's (Let us) learn English.

1) Who knows the answer?

Venkat: Someone wants to see you.

E- ].
Let's (= Let us) go to a movie

Let's go home

eg:

Let's go to a movie

1)

3)

(Eo J-TC?)
[ ux what y does
give E E, did happen E F
. , 'who' y .

(- -J ?
does know?' .)

eg:

day.
Who repaired it?
A nearby mechanic.
Do you drive?
Oh, Yes, I do.
Have you/ Do you have a driver, or
do you drive it yourself?
Rahim: I don't have a driver. I drive it
myself.
Ram:
Do you drive well? / Are you good
at driving?
Rahim: (Do you) Want to see how I drive?
Come, let's have a ride.
Ram:
Rahim:
Ram:
Rahim:
Ram:

\[ 'let' --T# [.
]-sx 'let' j E l
E #-[.

[ J- o[ E n.
vo: u- v- --J#

will be your plan?

having

.
]-sx [? ] #a--p[ verb
What will you be?
past participle ?
Where will you be?
---- N-J-.
What will your plan be?
N--,
How will your plan be?
E vo u L. vo : I, We, You, They have
bd ] will be/ shall be/ can . He, She, It has .
be/ may be -[] ! F - a) I/We/You/My friends (they) have the
O p Tx
book.
-- What will be your b) My friend (He/She) has the book.
plan? E C p ! c) The fan (It) has three blades.
p v v L--- have/has [ n:
--.
1. j -J [[ (LT [[).
x-V 'd-U--b, E[-]-
j ux have n .
: What will be your plan? d.
2. A[, [ ()
O j-. what
a) I have coffee in the mornings.
v-G vo- Eo ]sx will be,
( ] B--.)
shall be L h. N 'what quesb) My mother has breakfast at 8 AM.
(t ] E-N-C- v-d
tions' v. What will your
hC.)
plan be? [ d. \- What
vo:

II.
'Let'

n Ey, AEy,
[Ey- (= t-A-[)
1) E \ F.
Let him come here
2)

x xF.
Let them go

3)

o x-[F.
Let me talk

4)

N-[ [F.
Let her sing

5)

o NF.

M. SURESAN

Let me hear

III.
(allow)
Let
1)
I don't let him come here again.
2)
Don't let him waste time/ Let him not waste
time.
3)
Don't let him know it / Let him not know it.
4)
Don't let him talk to her.
5)
Don't let him stay here/ Let him not stay
here.
6)
We don't let children talk.
let
allow

n t-A-[
Sx E \- F-
E j d Ey
DEo L-E-y

N-[ E x[Ey
E \[ [Ey

x- x-[-Ey

u--Eo-
hC .

am having, is having, are having N

A[, B-[ nE [-.
LT [[ n [.
I am having a car Ao- N-K-n hC.
C --E I have a car.
o-- [,
o.
My friend has a son and a daughter.
My friend is having a son and a daughter.

a N-K-n x Ao-E !
d -x am having / is having /
are having [.
I am having tea, because coffee is not
available.
am having correct.

\[
( ] d --o)

She is having a beautiful necklace.

C j [. ]-. x A]. d she has a beautiful

necklace L.having C# JEo
N ux Jal.

[-

I
Murali:

Hi Sravanthi, keeping well?

Walk - not

(vB, -o?)
C --J. O conversation
[.

Walks - not

Sravanthi: I am, of course. How about you?

/ question do walk
/ question does walk

(For Regular actions)

Past Doing Words (came, walked,

verbs) not ,
'did' hC. (Sx h--.
j L- past action Past Doing Word
[.)
talked, sang, stood
question

(---. F A?)
(How about you?= F A)
Murali:

C 10 Vj 2005

I am OK. I saw you at the park

last evening.

He sang well yesterday.

( o. Eo v
Eo \ .)
Sravanthi: But I didn't (= did not) see you.
Why didn't you (= did you not)
talk to me.

( Eo [-]. -]
x-[-]?)

(Eo [)
Eo [-] (

not

He did not sing well yesterday.

c)

'did' not

[ -E-.
Eo ? (C question)
Did he sing well yesterday?

\[ question
.
Eo [?

'did'

[ -E-

x \ p[ a?
d) x \- ] a?
e) x \ ] ]?
6. a) - ] x v (ago)
--o.
b) - ] -x v --].
c) y p[ --o?
d) p[ F pC?
e) p[ F o p?

JTO.. EO!

How did he sing?

p[ [?

When did he sing?

d h----Lq N
Past Doing Word (past simple form) not
E, question F did + 1st Regular
Doing Word -C.
He sang well yesterday.

How about you?

a) He did not sing well yesterday.

b) Did he sing well yesterday?
sang + not/? = did sing

Murali:

I had a call from home. My

mother wanted me immediately. So I rushed home.

C u Tx- practice .
eg: Eo \- a[.
He came here yesterday.

( # #aC.
t o tC.
-- --x.)
Sravanthi:

I stayed at with my friend

x 15

Sudha till 7 PM.

( o-- ] vA 7
\- o.)
conversation verbs- saw, had, wanted, rushed and stayed. Questions #a-p[ did see, did talk [ -E-.
verbs Past Doing Words . N
L- - ( V,
-q, , C- N-)
J-T - J# -. E
Sx J h--a-.
Past doing Words J-Eo ---
[.
Regular Doing

Past Doing

Words

Words

Come, Comes

Came

Sing,

Sings

Sang

Like,

Likes

Liked

Talk,

Talks

Talked

Smell, Smells
Regular Doing Words
do, does

Smelt

not

questions

h.
come - not / question do come
comes - not / question does come

Eo \- ].
He did not come here yesterday.

Eo \- a?
Did he come here yesterday?
1. a)

-J RxC.
- -J x-].
c) J Rx?
2. a) -q vU Jh--[.
b) -q vU Jh ].
c) vU p[ Jh--[?
3. a) --
]
C-
vu.
b) -- ] C- v
].
c) -- ] C- v--u?
4. a) Eo y E ---o.
b) Eo y -E ---].
c) Eo y -E ] -o?
5. a) x \ a.
b) x \- ].
b)

b) They did not come here last week.

c) When did they come here last week?
d) Why did they come here last week?
e) Why didn't they come here last week?
(didn't they = did they not / did not they)
6. a) I met her first (for the first time) four
years ago (back

c) When did you meet her?

d) What did she tell you / say to you then?
e) Did she tell you / say anything to you?
7. a) We made all these ready yesterday.
b) We did not make all these ready yesterday.
c) Did you make all
these ready yesterday?
d) Why didn't you
(did you not / did
not you) make all
these ready yes-

M. SURESAN

terday?

7. a)

Eo Fo ]l .
b) Eo- Fo ]l -].
c) O Eo- Fo ]l ?
d) O Eo- Fo ] ]l ]?
e) O Eo- Fo ] ]l
?
8. a) -q x- C-.
b) -q x- ]-].
c) y \[ C-?
d) y x- C-?
9. a) Eo E x.
b) Eo E- x-].
c) y Eo E x?
d) Eo E x?
e) Eo y E- ]--x?
f) Eo E x?
10. a) o[.
b) -].
c) o?
d) o[?

]).

b) I did not meet her four years ago.

e) Why

did

you

make all these ready yesterday?

8. a) I studied in Nellore last year.
b) I did not study in Nellore last year.
c) Where did you study?
d) Did you study in Nellore?
9. a) I went to a movie yesterday.
b) I did not go to a movie yesterday.
c) Did you go to a movie yesterday?
d) Did I go to a movie yesterday?
e) Why did you go to a movie yesterday?
f) Which movie did I go to, yesterday?
10. a) Hemant bought a car last week.
b) Hemant did not buy a car last week.
c) Did Hemant buy a car last week?
d) Which car did Hemant buy (last week)?

d past actions, time stated (j L,

J-T) Past Doing Word (came,
sang, wrote N) [. -E
questions did + 1st Regular Doing Word
[.

Answers:
1. a) She went to / left for the US last Week.
b) She did not go to / leave for the US last
Week.
c) Did she go to / leave for the US?
2. a) He completed (his) degree last year.
b) He did not complete (his) degree last

vo:

year.
c) When did he complete (his) degree?

\[

'Complete'

practice

],

'take', 'pass'

3. a) The classes began at 10 AM.

b) The classes did not begin at 10 AM.
c) Did the classes begin at 10 AM.?
4. a) You met him yesterday.
b) You did not meet him yesterday.
c) Why did you meet him yesterday?
5. a) They came here last week.

Standard English

v -
v[- h E L.
X], A-A

pp number [ J ]. -Vx x -] , STD

Trunk booking o-p[ #a
uh (Particular Person -PP) call E
G uh #a x . -- E ---E C
CONTACT NUMBER- O]
-- E n.

[-

12 Vj 2005

b) To drive a car in such traffic is difficult.

traffic
car drive

book?
13) Raghava does not want to study.

c) To smoke is bad for health.

Scold, chide, reprimand =

(
d.)

( a[ -u-E E-.)
n ([, A[ ) #a-p[ infinitive ] 'ing' from (eating,
smoking, etc) [-a. n ].

Students go to college to study

Prasanthi: Hi Preethi, where were you yesterday?

(purpose)
a) Students go to college to study.

(vA, Eo y \[-o?)
Preethi:

I went to Ameerpet to see my

cousin Prema.
cousin Prema
Ameerpet
Prasanthi: I called you yesterday to ask you
for some books. Why is Prema in
Hyderabad now?

[-E

x.)

(Eo h- [--E Eo F
. v j]---
]-C?)
Preethi:

To join a software institute here.

software institute

(\[
E)

--

Prasanthi: Which institute does she want to

study in?

( d-u- ]----C?)
Preethi:

I don't know. To learn software in

some good place is all that she
wants.

(M]. -Lq-]x
# institute software
a[)
j -- to see, to ask, to join, to learn
o -E-.
Fo o?
To y 1st Regular Doing Words (see, ask,
join, learn) h-o . OE infinitives
.
English infinitive vu C.
Infinitive J-Eo ---
to
to
to
to
Infinitive

eat
smoke
buy
sell etc.

(]---E)
b) Suseela came here to join a college.
(college
c) He went out an hour ago to buy vegetables.
Want, wish, hope, expect, desire

--E)

(--E)

L verbs \
E n hC.

VOCABULARY

infinitive

h -

a) She wants to sing.

(-E --C.)
b) He wishes to go home.

( x-E ---o[.)

x 16
c) They hope to pass.
(pass
d) Kamala expects to get a prize.

y-E/----E P-h-o.)

(wj ]--E --C.)

[, (to write), A[ (to eat) etc
infinitive L---hC.
.

O --x

she envies her sister.

(]J O] {u--[-C)
2) jealousy-
jealous - - [[
----oN -p[ L
] {u (envy).
--oC vu
T_]- C (jealousy).
A poor man may envy a rich man.

p-[[, ]-L[, --[

crush = -[, [[, L-T--[
Squeeze = ( ) [[
Squeeze tooth paste/shaving cream on the
brush.
paste
Squeeze dry =

(v O]

[).
]h u
[[.
n wring.
twist = [, L--d[
twist the arm = L--d[
fold = [, [ d[
C x --.
lizard - Lx
(Dinosaurs E giant lizards )
giant - K K----[
(WWE wrestlers ). giant, gigantic

[ n infinitive

a) To sit in the class for five hours a day is

not a joke

items

C u-

.
1) x----o.
2) E --C.
3) vA NuJn best college ---[.

J-

[ n- [. j - O -E .
C Vocabulary
[
1) {u--[[ envy

L--[.

a) To sit in the class for five hours is not a

joke.
Sitting in the class for five hours is not a
joke (to sit - sitting).
b) To drive a car is difficult.
Driving a car is difficult
c) To smoke is bad for health.
Smoking is bad for health.
English practice

-E-

(] x a[
].)
she bought the same necklace as hers.

(-o x \N[ o-]

)
3) gratitude - (v-u) '-c.
He has gratitude.
He has no gratitude.
4) grateful - (v--) '-c LT
I am grateful to you for your help.
5)

(O --E '-Vc-E)
x '-c-- thankful
I am thankful that I have such parents.

( Lx]v[--o-] - '-Vc-E)
(]--E h ] {u --a) (grateful - E x '-c--,
She is jealous of her neighbour because thankful - x '-c )

4) TE [--E Eo vA
x.
5) ]- [--E W s [.
6) v ]-[
v d ].
7) -] [[ ].
8) [ Eo Jd-x a---E
college x-].
9) <--E
--?
10) F ]-[ d M. SURESAN
(like
?
[)
11) u h]E vO
Ph?(hope, get) [.
12) h --E Eo \- x?
13) - ]--E ].
Answers:
1) I want to go.
2) She wishes to sing.
3) Every student wants to join the best college.
4) I went to the hospital yesterday to see a
patient.
5) Venu goes to Subbarao's everyday to play
chess.
6) Prem does not like to study this group.
7) To walk/walking such a distance is not
easy.
8) He did not go to college yesterday to get
the certificates.
9) Does she want/wish to buy the sari?
10) Don't you like (Do you not like) to study?
11) Does Pramila hope to get that job?
12) Where did you go yesterday to buy the

(, j-) o ]l

size

E.

His is a gigantic figure.

Giant wheel
tortoise
chameleon
dove/pigeon
parrot

(K );
--.
().

(O-L-)
--Lx

#
xx - x N domestic fowl.

vo: p Tx ]- ,
- - V J-T-.
] h- - -C-#
- present perfect tense
L . O past tense a-N? Eo p-j JT N-- past tense L .
u bought, didn't you ] have bought, haven't you
present perfect --T a
N-J---.
. --v]-Jh, -[
: Past actions, time known JTN j , V E #a
p--L-T p[ past simple v
[. J-T E p[, ,
V, j E p-p[ (
] j ]-s--- L--p[
p) present perfect [.
a) He has brought a car.

(j L--[ ])
b) He bought the car this morning.

(j o)

[-

I
Bhaskar: Hi, Bhanu. What are you doing?
Bhanu:

f) Are you threatening me?

Don't you see? I am preparing for

an exam.

g) She is not dancing well.

([[ ? K- v----o)
(, O v] \[?)
Bhanu:

He is getting ready to go to college

( x--E ]l----o[)
Bhaskar: And What about your parents?

(J O Lx-]-v[ ?)
Bhanu:

-\- -o[ (p[).

( h-o)

Bhaskar: Oh, are you? Where is your

brother?

They are watching the T.V.

(x O ho.)
'What about', 'How about' -?
-] [-. practice .
a) How about my money?

[s -?
b) What about that book?

h -?
c) How about a movie this evening?

14 Vj 2005

o C-J-h-o? (p[).
u [ ] (p[).
h) Am I troubling you?

NtLo sC [-o?
(p[).
i) Why aren't they (are they not) coming?

x-] [] (p[).
j) You are wasting time.

y j ' h-o (p[).

am + ing, is + ing, are + ing verbs p[
--o - [. C E
English G_- practice .
Aruna: ! h-o?
Amala: vo- h-o.
Aruna: Eo disturb h-o?
Amala: ]. TV o disturb hC.
Aruna: h-o?
Amala: t h]-.

Amala: I think she is going to make tea for

us. I think my brother is watching an
English movie.
Aruna: No. He is watching a Telugu serial.

d)

Aruna:
Amala:
Aruna:

) p[ --o
- L--h.
'I' am + ing,
he, she ( j singular ), it ( hj,
-j singular )
is + ing,
plural subjects Eo, you are +
ing h.
M. SURESAN
a) I am watching the T.V.

Amala:

Aruna:

]-[ ] (p[).
d) What is your father doing?

O o h-o (p[).
e) Where is he going?

vo:

quent, rarely, never, once, twice, three

times etc., a day, a week, a month etc.
regularity

tion).
h)

E--Jq C Vx L N[-]
hC (N[-] = release).
i) x AJT h.
j) - --.

E # - [[

2. am + ing, is + ing, are + ing,

j Lh

Answers:

Aruna: Hi, Amala, what are you doing?

Amala: I am writing answers to these questions.
Aruna: Am I disturbing you?
Amala: Not at all. ( expression practice

a) He is coming here tomorrow.

b) We are starting/leaving in half an hour.
c) The Pak team is playing two matches here
next week.
d) Who is coming next week?
e) When are you consulting the doctor?
f) I am not going there next week. I am going
there the week after next.
g) The minister is inaugurating the bridge
tomorrow.
h) The University is releasing the results in
ten days.
i) They are returning within a week.
j) I am meeting the CM tomorrow.

O --x [. ], ], -] E n) The TV is dis-

b) My mother is cooking.

t hC (p[).

[-a. j
#a L---p[, J--E #a-i--p[,
am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing \ [-.)
C E English practice .
a) [ \[ h-o[.
b) -- -l--o.
c) a- -n d \[ [ u
[-C.
d) a- h-o?
e) dE p[ qd h-o?
f) a- -\- x[ ]. j
. (j = week after the next).
g) vA vGbE v-G-h (inaugura-

--, Regular Doing Words (go, goes,

come, comes, sing, sings verbs)
v [. Every day, very often, fre(
o.)

a- -J -o[.

Sumanth is leaving for the US next month.

(future will, shall

Answers:

O h-o (p[).
c) Kumar is not studying.

O brother h-o[.
[ ho?
. O t p[ -C C.
d--E -]--.
(I think begin ) brother english movie ho[-.
]. english movie [[ ].
serial h-o[.

x [ [ Vx .
They are buying a car in two or three days.

verbs
p[ --o - v [.
v pE, p[ J -, O

am
am
am
am

studying / is studying / are studying

walking / is walking / are walking
singing / is singing / are singing
working / is working / are working
am + ing, is + ing, are + ing verb forms
(present continuous / present progressive
tense

c)

1. am + ing, is + ing, are + ing -

p[... !!

\ a \- hC.
My sister is coming here next week.

ui N

-h-o o N ?
j - are doing, am preparing, is
getting, are watching - verbs -E-.
O : am + ... ing, is + ... ing, are + ...ing.
form J-Eo verbs.

v E-?
d) What about the dinner you promised me?

b)

Aruna:
Amala:
Aruna:
Amala:
Aruna:

turbing me.
Who is watching the TV?
I think my mother is watching the TV
Your brother is also watching.
Is he also watching?
Yes, but your mother is going into
the kitchen.

All India Radio News

N-o-p[ Eo - L-.
C u-j -- Ba--.

1. The Nationalist Congress party headed by Mr. Sarad

Pawar complained that the congress is not consulting its
constituent parties on important issues.
2. The BJP president Mr. Venkaiah Naidu has said that BJP
will not support Congress at the centre.
3. However, Miss Umabharati contradicted the rumour that
she is disobeying the party rules.
4. The PM Vajpayee said only NDA can provide stability to
the country.
5. The TDP supremo Chandrababu Naidu said that only
secular parties will play a major role in the elections.
6. The Municipal Commissioner Mr. Raghu Rami reddy said

: O sentences ]-C
'...complained that... is not consulting'

d ]. O #a j-.
\[ 'is' ], 'was' L.
complain --p y
consult ---[ -
p[ a. _ 'complained' ] 'has complained' E h, 'is not consulting' -

x 17
j, V, , -q,
Eo V, - N- Lh
-- - [-a.
a) j]-- -o
(I am leaving for Hyderabad tomorrow.
\[ tomorrow E p[ x future
action [-o. tomorrow - ' I
am leaving for Hyderabad' p[
o E n.)

immediate measures are being taken up to provide drinking water to the residents of Kurnool.
News reader
Indirect Speech.
is not consulting
was not consulting
will not support
would not
measures are being taken up
support
measure were being taken up
News reader
Indirect
Speech
present continuous
past
continuous will + present verb
would + present verb
News

---N-
]--o -
J-T---. d C
] u
]
E, u
]
E, u
]
E L .
] ]--]? v h-x
E- v

] Ja ]-- n
aL ! F
]. ]- -- Ba--.
-, v (x-Co)

(said
'are
being taken up'
Direct speech
inverted
commas
verbs- say, tell,
ask, question
Reporting
verbs
Inverted commas
verbs
Reported verbs
Reporting verbs present tense
Indirect speech
Reported
verbs tense

E Jh

]), p[
d.

N
-
E
.

Ja--p[,
a--[].

a) "They play well," says Ram to Rahim.

\[

Quotations

verb

'says'

present

reporting

tense.

d
o reported verb
tense a--[]. DE Indirect

Quotations
'play'

speech-

d- n hC. x O
Sentence No (2) d. \[
reporting verb, 'has said' present perfect
will
'...Naidu said'
tense
'would' correct.
Sentence No. 3: '... contradicted... disobeying'
'was obeying'
Uma Bharathi has contradicted
present perfect tense

d, d.
E v-Gh p[
d ].
L.
E

'is disobeying' correct.

Sentence 4: '... only NDA could'
'... only NDA can'
Sentence 5: '... Naidu said that only secular parties will play'
'Would play'
correct.
Sentence 6: '... Reddy said, ... are being
taken up'
'were being taken up'
correct.
'...Reddy has said'

p.

L. \[

p.

J-].
\[

Ram says to (tells) Rahim that they play

well.

-- "They play well," said Ram to

o sentence Reporting verb
'said' past tense. p[ quotations
o play reported verb past tense
p-E--J aL. DE Indirect

Rahim

speechRam told Rahim that they played well.

[-

I
Mohan: Hi, Manoj, How are you getting
along?
(
practice

, o?)
[
C --J.
O --x

Manoj: Fine. Thank you. How are you?

( o. y o?)
Mohan: Ok too. I am going to a movie. Why
don't you come along?

( E-o. y
a !)
Manoj: Like to. But I am going for a walk now.

Regular Doing words (1st RDWs- go, walk

verbs), 2nd Regular Doing Words (2nd
RDWs- goes, walks
verbs)
am+ing/ is+ing/
are+ing
a) I take coffee (take 1st RDW).
Regular-

v p J [.
p[ --o - [.
( B--
C -)

b) I am taking coffee.
(am + ing -

p[

vA-V

coffee

B--

o.)
c) She goes to college at 10 AM.
(goes- 2nd RDW-

] 10 -
-- C W)

d) She is going to college.

(is going - is ing -

p[ --

-C.)
e) They come here on sundays.
(come - 1st RDW
Regular

C vA C-
J-C C-- x \-

h.)
f) They are coming.
(are + ing English

x p[ h-o.)
u. Regular

p[ . h

C p.
h---L.
Regular actions

Regular Doing Words

(come, comes, take, takes
coffee

N) h.
E-p[ B---o \[
-[] d.
a) Mr. Sen teaches English.
English
English lecturer/teacher

(--p[

--L/--ya)

C-h[.
-

This is the time when I go for walk

every day.

x 18

(- C. F p[ -
-o. W j )
Mohan: Do you walk everyday along this
road?

(V - h?)
Manoj: No. Usually I walk along the college
road, but now I am walking along
this road because that road is under
repair.

(]. -- -
-. -t-
h-o.)
Mohan: So long ( bye O\
) see you. (Sx --)
Manoj: Bye (j)
-- am going, go; walk, am
walking -E-. 1st

b) Mr. Sen is teaching English

English
English
c) Dogs bark.

( p[
--o[.)
u.

(\ p[ -- C
j.)

d) Dogs are barking.

(\ p[ ---o h-x,
#a L)
C u- English G_- practice .
a) p[ punctual h[. V
v h -u h-o[.
b) - x -- ]--.
V v u-@ (some other

vo: Eo #a [-] --E He

was not come yesterday -a?
Rx--p[ ]l --E Tx- He was not at
home, when I went for him E
. -T--p[ [
EE Jh [-] E p--E
He was not completed the work yet

: He was not come yesterday -d

'be' forms (am, is ,
are , was, were, etc.)
come,
go,
1st Regular Doing Words
He was not come
He did not

]. Tx p[

p.

magazine [) ]---o.
y-] j waste h? p--]
h-o?
d) vA V j y \----?
\ --o?
e) u ]--? p[ u
]---o?
f) - vA B A ? V
o (rice) A-o?
g) [ C-- vqE --[. V
----o[.
c)

u
Eo verbs am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing
[. am + ing/ are + ing/ is + ing verb op[ p[ --o
- [. Eo verbs N-
verbs p-E p[ --o E
am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing forms [.
] ] Regular Doing Words (love,
loves, etc.) form .
am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing from [E

p o...

actions
am + ing, is + ing, are + ing verbs
(present continuous tense)

I am taking Coffee

E 16 Vj 2005

h)

p[ [-C. p[
v D [-C.
i) [. p[ --o[
('take' [).
j) - x-[[. p[
x-[--o[.
Answers:
a) He comes punctually (always/usually). He
is coming late only today.
b) They usually read India Today, but now
they are reading some
other magazine.
c) Why do you waste
time? Why are you
wasting time?
d) Where do you go at
this time every day?
Where are you going?
M. SURESAN
e) What news paper do
you read? What news paper are you reading?
f) You usually take chapathis at night. Why
are you taking rice (now)?
g) He does not meet his friends on sundays,
but he is meeting them today.
h) She always sings Telugu songs, but she is
now singing a Hindi song.
i) He doesn't take (does not take) coffee. He
is taking it now.
j) He doesn't (does not) usually talk to her,
but he is talking to her.

verbs

- -C-# N--

verbs-

1) like
ing

(d--[[) -am liking, is liking, are lik[. N -Lq-- like, likes

[.
Kumar likes that shirt very much .
d--[[ pj Kumar is liking that
shirt .
2) dislike (d----[)
They dislike his class.

x x p[ d -
. are disliking, is disliking, am
disliking o forms . N-p. ]
dislike, dislikes E .
N Eo verbs, (am + ing, is + ing,
are + ing) [EN.
3) love - love, loves, (am/ is/ are loving

])
4) hate - hate, hates (am/ is/ are hating

])
5) hope - hope, hopes (am/ is/ are hoping

])
6) want - want, wants (am/ is/ are wanting

])
7) wish - wish, wishes (am/ is/ are wishing

])
8) desire - desire, desires (am/ is/ are desiring
9) envy - envy, envies(am/ is/ are envying

])

])
(Eo ]-sx) feel, feels, (am/ is/
]).

10) feel
are feeling

-a. had : 'since' 'as' ] [-a.

had + pp forms - [ because [-a.
p[ ]-sEo vh -E-L. - ]-s ]-x/ --]When I went for him, he was not at E n.
home- d. He was not complet- vo: How long- -, How fared the work o sentence d ].
] uh
E n ]. He had not completed
o [ n a-
L. She had not completed
L?
L. y ux DE J# J
: -- v vx
N- C.
come L.
t--- o-[?
AE [-], #a [] vo: Leave letter --p[ As I am
. --yN, x-[
( --p[).
suffering from fever u as
: vo j u
\[ --p[ When I looked
] since [-a?
o o vo j English
for him/her - She had not eaten;
O-], -[, - ].
when I ask him

E p-a? AE
[-]. #a [-] (
--p[).
E Jh [-] (
Rx--p[).
- Tx-
pL.
. --, o

She had not come

eaten, had come

[-

I
Durga: Look at Leela's dress. Isn't it (= Is it
not) really wonderful?

(M v [, C !)
Valli:

Ok I like it really. In fact, I wish now to

buy one such dress for myself.

( #aC. p
v E C.)
Durga: Renuka too likes it. I desire one like
that too. I feel like buying it, but I
haven't (= do not have) the money.

( v d--[C. -E C. p -EhC. F [s ].) feel

like +...ing = j --E--[.
feel like going to bed = Ev] EhC)
Valli:

I really envy Leela for the dress.

( M v {u C.
Envy = {u/-{u [[)
-- like, wish, desire, have,
envy, feel - verbs Fo p[ --o
N -o. p[ J N- L verbs p[ am + ing, is + ing,
are + ing form (present continuous) E --o. --p- j -E

ing

sx feel, (feel --AE, pz

L----p[) prefer Op[ am + ing, is + ing, are + ing
[ N #a h--d--L.
a) E vN-hC.
She loves him.
(She is loving him

]. vN-[ p[
--o .)
b) x ---E P-h-o.
They hope to pass.
(They are hoping to pass

]. x
P[ p )
j list N verbs rule.
Actions of the mind (---, Cl C-# u) L verbs am +
ing, is + ing, are + ing form ]. N
1) know = L-[
2) understand = n --[
3) remember = c -[
4) forget = -#--[
5) decide = Eg--[
6) doubt = --[
7) think = -#-[
8) suppose = --[
9) believe = t[

Words (like, likes, wish, wishes, desire,

desires, envy, envies)
verbs
dislike, love, hate, hope, want, appreciate
admire

[.

J-Eo

(a[) Eo ]-

10) imagine =
verbs
+ ing form

-[

(--
])

am/ is/ are

am + ing, is + ing, are

Fo
[.
x l ---o.

They understand my words. (They are understanding my words

am/ is/ are understanding

])

].
- hC.

He still remembers my name. (He is still

remembering my name

)
j list o
N verbs am

vo: Simple present tense

noun \
s L .
: Rama sells mangoes.
God bless you , God blesses
you L !
--,
[y-, N--[
: simple present verb 's' aL.
d. "God bless you" sentence
statement ]. C 'May God bless you'
D. DN---p[ 'May God bless you'
'May' C- 'God bless you' .
]-x \[ 'blesses' ].
vo: Not bad very good E C.
O not bad --] E
. - C d.
.., T-u
: 'Not bad' -] E n
]. Very good .
vo: The E a-J-L. C ]
E --. C --[?
.N. , -, Jq
: ] DE J# W 16
v-J-# NJ. , , ,
, , , , , , , ,
l v u English
] 'the' E C -. N
] ] .
The (C) apple, ant, egg, air, owl, umbrel-

+ ing, is + ing, are + ing

form
a)

[.
Qo --ho?
DEo English
?
\[
'doubt' L .

verb

la etc.
The

Am/ is/ are + knowing

am/ is/ are understanding

[.
p[ ].
N-- N-.
am + ing, is + ing, are + ing forms [E
J-Eo verbs o. N -- ],
C u- English G_- practice
.
1. Eo \ n --o[.
2. J# [ ---o[? (think
[)
3. y d- d[-o?
4. h [ ]. (remema.

sale
bargain
(A good bargain, a bad bargain best bargain
etc.)
good/ bad at bargaining =

= t
= , [

[/ --[
bargain- pronunciation )

Eox ]!!

verbs- like, wish N -,

-C-# verbs Eo d,
verbs am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing
[. ]-sx Regular Doing

(J{-[),

18 Vj 2005

(]) tree, book, shop, college etc.

M. SURESAN

am doubting/ is
'doubt'
doubting/ are doubting
question
do
sentence-

L.

.
L. d

ber) [.
5. Eo N Jao?
(why v-G-)
6. -E y ] --E-h-o?
7. \[ ]--E[ ]. (feel like
= E--[)
8. [ o J n -[ ].
9. p[ xE --?
(think [).
10. --]-J- pE ---o?
(suppose --T-.)
11. F v-h - a[ ]. (dislike
[.)
12. y t[ ? (believe/
doubt) [)
13. y o ]d-[--o?
(prefer [)
14. F F JnA L[ ] (know -T-.)
15. - -J--x y-h-o?

Answers:
1. He understands the lesson well.
2. What does he think of himself? ( is thinking
3. Do you like (are you liking
the coffee
in this restaurant?
4. I don't (= do not) remember (am not +
remembering
his name.
5. Why do you forget (are you forgetting
things like this?
6. Why do you doubt him?
7. I do not feel like studying here.
8. He does not understand me properly.
9. Does she think of going home now?
10. Does he suppose that he is the greatest
of all?
11. He doesn't (= does not) like your behaviour.
12. Don't you (Do you not/ Do not you)
believe my words/ Do you doubt my
words?
13. Why do you prefer coffee to tea? (prefer
'to'
14. You do not know your position.
15. Do Iraquis hate Americans?

] !)

x 19
Do you doubt my character ?
(Are you doubting my character
b)

])

].)

O D ?
Do you know Hindi? (Are you knowing

c)

].)
[ on -[ ].

He is not understanding me
am/ is/ are + understanding
English
He does
not understand (= understand + not) me.
d)
What do you think?
(What are you thinking

-[].
]-
] d. -?
y-----o?

.)

u N
verbs
thinking, understanding etc.

j p

N-

p)

liking, loving,
'ing' forms

]-sEo d [-a.
[--[-EC: 'ing' forms ], am, is,
are a[. knowing - ]-sEo d [-

hC).

VOCABULARY

-C-# :
L- .

Shopping
buy, sell

Look at Leela's dress.

Isn't it really wonderful?
purchase = [
( n purchase [ o
- C).
purchase = o h

'buy'

My important purchase this week is the TV.

TV)
return =
exchange =
replace =

( o u-i h
o h AJT y[
o h a-[
o h- E
] x -
y[
refund = x [s y[
durable = (h-) Eo o, Eo--
allow a discount = T_# t[;
expensive = Kj
cheap =
moderate (price) = --i (])
cost = K], K-]-[

[-

I
Ravi: Hi Pavan, what do I see in that glass
there? It appears to be some juice.

( x E-h-o--N?
Wu C.)
Pavan: Yea. The glass contains fresh lemon
juice.

( ] Et- C.)
contain = x j [[
the jug contains milk = o

belongs, comprises, needs, seems, consists

of, live verbs
am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing
form

OE- ]

[ (N L- --oC pj). j - -J v]l

practice .

--o?

- -C-# N-- L-

Ravi: A new bike is parked outside. Whose

is it?

( h j \ C.
-J-]C?)
Pavan: It belongs to Mahesh. He bought it
the day before.

(C -C. Eo--o[.)
Belong = ][
The house belongs to my uncle.

verbs (verbs expressing feelings and

emotions).

Cl, --- -C-# N-

L verbs (verbs expressing actions of
the mind) p[ am + ing, is + ing, are +
ing forms . E -Lq-p[, Regular Doing Words (like, likes,
think, thinks) form [.
[ verbs j p verbs
(appear, belong, comprise, consist of,
contain, live, need, seem)
am + ing/
is + ing/ are + ing form
Regular Doing Words
sentences
'not'
question
do, does

x -uC (- CC).
Ravi: What's that fat book on the table?

( O] o ]l h
N?)

Lq #a--p[
[. C

F,
[Eo -E-.
F
h-E ?

1)

2)

[ # E-h-o[.
He appears (is appearing ])

to be a

GLfq x-N- (= x C-N

).
These buildings do not belong to them
(are not belonging to them

]).

Pavan: It contains a lot of information about

the latest versions in computers. It
comprises ten chapters.

3)

x C?
What does the glass contain? (What is
the glass containing

4)

?)
-- -C?

(u--q -C-# {x
u-]-E - ] C.
] C u- o.)
comprises = include = J [[
Ravi: Coming to the bike, does Mahesh
really need a bike now? He does not
go about much.
(

j N--E-l. ---p[ j
E --? \ A--[?)

Pavan: Yes, he needs it very much now. He

has a new job. Marketing. He has to
move about a lot.

(p[ - j -.
\-- h u #aC.
A-Lq C.)
Ravi: The bike seems very stylish, doesn't
it?
(
Pavan: It comes with a package. The package consists of a CD Player and a
set of CDs.

x 20
What does a ball pen consist of? (What is
a ball pen consisting of

5)

. -?)
6) \[ [? (E--h[
n).
Where does he live? (Where is he living

j -{-- C !)

( j u hC.
] x, Eo
.)
consists of = L-T--[[

).
N- u--o.

The committee comprises four members/Four members comprise the committee. (The committee is comprising...; Four
members are comprising...

7)
8)

]).
Rxp[ \[ -o (E--h-o).
They live here (They are living here ]).
Rx-p[ \[ [-[-].
They do not live here any more (They are
not living

9)

).
p[ F -.

I need your help now (am needing

10)

11)

Ravi: By the way, where does Ganesh live?

(J \[ [?)
(By the way - topic a--E
-- [. - J, E
-- topic a] N].)
Pavan: He lives quite nearby.

(\- ]_-x [.)

-- verbs- see, appears, contains,

]).

x-p[ C - ].
They do not need it now (They are not
needing

The fan consists of three blades and a motor.

(u [ x, .)

[-- verbs, am + ing/ is +

ing/ are + ing [-EN . J-Eo
verbs o. N- --- ]
C sentences english G_- practice
.
1) vA-x E- d--[--o.
2) x d [-[-] (dislike [).
3) E vN-h?
C L[ ]. [ v
vN-h-o[.
N ?

Answers:
1) Every one likes that movie (is liking
2) He does not like these classes (is not liking
3) Does she love him?
I don't (do not) know that. But he loves
her.
Does she know that?
Who knows?
4) What do you say?/ What are you saying?
Why don't you (do you not) understand
me?

]).

]).

... !

good fellow.

By the way, where does Ganesh live?

] 20 Vj 2005

]).
C p[ ] -?

Why does she need it now? (Why is she

needing it

12)

]).
[ ]t-_- E-h-o[.
He seems (is seeming ]) to be a bad

13)

[ x -h [.

fellow.
He does not seem to be interested in it (is
not seeming

]).

-J ?
4) -o y?
y o-] n -[ ]?
Eo n -o.
F - E-h(appear
o?
[).
y n
--ox E[ ] (seem
[).
]----o? (think...so M. SURESAN
[. so= )
E-hC (feel [)
y o n --o. F
v]l N-o (n=
misunderstand). F O] -Eo h-o? (doubt....my respect for you
[).
5) x \[--o? (live [).
x ]_ (live [).
x O ]_ [-[-?
x-p \- J-- (p=
long ago, x [= move).
p-[o x x-? ( ?
nown/ belong [).
6) [s--L (need/want [).
L? (How much v-G).
F u - L. (Jh u
p).
-] L F?
F-y-E , ? (want [).
]l-h -y-E ]. ( ]l
h such a big amount/ sum/ that kind

I understand you well. Do I appear (to be)

a fool to you?'
You don't (do not) seem to understand my
point.
Why do you think so?
I feel so.
You misunderstand me. I am listening to
you carefully. Do you doubt my respect for
you?
5) Where do they live?
They live near the townhall.
Don't they (do they not) live near your
place?
They moved long ago.
Do they own the house?/ Does the house
belong to them?
(am/ is/ are owning
6) I want/ need some money.
How much do you need?
I need at at least a thousand rupees.
Why do you need such a big amount/ so
much/ such a big sum/ that kind of
money?
Do you want to give or not?
I don't want to give/ feel like giving such a
big amount.
7) When did you buy the book?
No, I didn't (did not) buy it. I borrowed it
from Mahesh yesterday.
Are you reading it (now)?
Why are you asking that question?
I want to read it.
But I don't want to give/ lend it to you.
Why do you feel so/ think so?
Because you don't give books to me.

]).

of money).

7) h p[ o?
-]. Eo ]_ # ao (h, [s, -J ]_ a borrow from).
Ny-p[ Eo ]---o?
] [o vo?
]------o.
F F y-[ ] (hEo
y[= lend).
] ---o?
y h -y d.

vo: -- He wants to talk you,

Sir.
talk to you, Sir

E C-. F He wants to
E L !
t , N--o
: 'talk' y 'to' F 'with' F p
L. 'talk you, Sir' p. talk to you, Sir
d.

[-

v 22 Vj 2005

She is seeing the CM today.

9) - Eo N (strange) ]'u Eh-o. Eo N l NE-h-o.

10) - Eo N ]'u E-[
], Eo N l NE-[ ]?

-E ---C.

Answers:

C. n am seeing/ is seeing/ are

seeing [[ d.
-[ p[ ---o-x-
I am not seeing the Governor today.

I really don't see how he is able to stand still for so long?

Sudha:

What are you looking at so

steadily?

(N, - h-o?)
Madhuri: I see an interesting sight over
there.

(\ -h---i ]'u E-hC.)

Sudha: What is it you see there? I do not
see any thing. Saritha, do you see
any thing?

( E-h-]-\[? E[ ]. J, F-i Eh?)

Saritha: No. Nothing unusual.

Do you hear Madhuri? Saritha

sees nothing unusual. Come on,
What attracts you there?

(]K NE-#? J-
hO E-[ ]. \[
-J{-#C Eo.)
Madhuri: Don't you observe that man there?
All made up like Gandhi, and
standing still like a statue?

(\[ E-E -E-[

y? D -E, Nv- E o[.)
Made up = x --[
still = E
Sudha and Saritha: Yes, We see now
Saritha. I really don't see how he is able to
stand still for so long?

(- ]-L E-
[-o n C.)
See = understand.

p-[-p[, -o ]o G
. n l---C E.

Do not see/ does not see; do not hear/ does

not hear, do not observe/ does not observe

-o. d n --LqC
p am/ is/ are + ing
forms [E verbs , see, hear,
observe verbs am/ is/ are +
ing forms --T. -Lq--p[
see, sees, hear, hears, observe, observes
not question
do/ does see,
do/ does hear, do/ does observe
a) I see a picture on the wall.

E,

E [.

"I see"

Sudha: But don't you hear some thing too?

am hearing/ is hearing/
are hearing
am
listening to/ is listening to/
are listening to
see
look at
hear
listen to

],

[-a.
,

ox,

n C.
'hear' N-M. SURESAN
C.
'listen to' (vo) N[.
Listen carefully. You hear footsteps.

[ OC t E-hC.

(]. C.)
unusual = EC, h N
Sudha:

( V -o- -[ ].)
Am hearing/ is hearing/ are hearing ] .
'see' ] 'look' am + ing/ is + ing/
are + ing form -x,

b) She sees what he is doing.

[ h-oC E-hC.
c) They are standing on the balcony. They
see the Sunrise.

v-h N. [- p[ NE-hC
(F).
x h?
Do we hear the teacher or Do we listen to the
students
teacher?
listen to the teacher.

am looking at/ is looking at/ are looking at

see
look at

O #
p[
(
pC x v]l dN).

C u [

[-a. F

n
C.
see = E-[
look at = (vo ) [[

a) As we walk along the road, we hear the

noise of the traffic.

I see the picture on the wall.

b) We switch on the CD player/ the two-inone to listen to music.

[ O] t E-hC.
I am looking at the picture on the wall.

[f O] [-h-o-p[ v NEhC.
( U N-E x/ - h)
c) pC F NE-h?

[ O] t h-o.
Look at the sky, you see the stars.

Do you hear me?

Madhuri & Saritha: What is it?

pC y N-o?

(N C?)
Sudha: The gibber of the monkey there It's
performing to the boy's commands.

Madhuri and Saritha: What's new about it?

j [

-v E-h

j h F- E-hC.
[ h-o[.

are seeing; am/ is/ are hearing, am/ is/ are

am/ is/ are seeing,
observing
am/ is/ are hearing, am/ is/ are observing
see, hear, observe

The teacher is watching you.

(am/ is/ are observing
'see'
any one is there?'
see

-o
]
]J, ], J. p[ E-[
]/ p[ NE-[ ]/ p[ -E[ ] -] am not/ is not/ are not
seeing/ hearing/ observing E [ ]

21

(look).
(see).
When you look up, you see the blue sky.

(t ] N?)
-- see, hear, observe [ E-. \[ see, hear, observe verb
p[ E-[, p[ NE-[, p[
-E-[ n- --p- am/ is/
[ ].

?).

> E-h?
Do you see a deer?

> -[[ ?
Don't (Do not) you see a deer?
Are you not seeing?
Don't you
see?
3) What do you see there?
(What are you seeing
You are looking so much at the tree.
4) Don't look now. I see someone coming for
you.
5) Whom do I see there?
(Whom am I seeing?
Isn't (is it not) Michael Jackson?
(Michael Jackson
It is Michael
Jackson)
6) We hear some sweet music from some

],

])

])

E-N... vAo# N...

x \-F E-f. u-] x

E-hC.
am seeing/ is seeing/ are seeing ],

(O O NE-[ ?)

( s -ho A --
NE--[ ?)
gibber - pronunciation : >
performing = [, v]-Jz-[

1) Look at those two pictures. Do you see

any difference (between the two) (Are you
seeing
2) Look there! Don't (= do not) you see a
deer?

He is looking at her.
(He is seeing her

?)
Eo -E-hC.

d.)
[-. 'See if
, [ --E
d
, look
C.

C u!

see

-[

(meet)

where.
7) He never listens to good advice. He doesn't (does not) like advice.
never=
Advice
plural
singular.
Advice
a/an
8) Hello! I hear some noises over the phone.
Do you hear me What I say ? I don't (do
not)/am not able to hear what you say.
9) We see some strange sights and we hear
some strange sounds.
10) Don't (do not) we see some strange
sights and hear some strange sounds?

o- ]/-].

]. p[
]
[.

Are you listening?

English

C E
G_- practice
.
1) [ t [. i Eh?
2) \[ [. > E-[ ]?
(deer - >)
3) \[ F E-hC? d j
h-o.
4) p [. F [ EhC ( h-o).
5) -\[ E-hC? (whom...see
[). iq ] ?
6) \ ]--i U NE-hC
(we v-G#, some where [).
7) -p[ # - N[. d
].
8) , x l NE-h-o.
pC F NE-h? y pC
NE-[ ].

vo: Housewife ]

Homemaker E
[-a? My mother is housewife
[ My mother is homemaker
-C ?
. 'g-, N, X--->x
: 'Housewife' ---C. Homemaker C [--
hC. p--p [--
h-o-
(u
-J-)
Houseworker. C a---a
F x o \ --T-h-o.

[-

I
Lakshmi: Hi, Ajitha, how are you?

( >, o?)
Ajitha:

Fine, thank you. How are you?

(o, y o?)
Lakshmi: OK. thank you. Do I smell something sweet?

( o, - hoxC ]?)
Ajitha:

That's right. You smell the jasmine

spray I use.

Lakshmi: Don't worry. It is only an ant.

(--[... C <!)
-- smell, taste, feel- verbs [
-E-. see, hear, smell, taste, feel Fo u-vC-- -C-#N. Hear
and see- [ verbs am + ing/ is + ing/
are + ing forms [. Eo ]sx smell, taste, feel am + ing/ are +
ing form [.

(E! t vp
C.)

Eox Eo !

Lakshmi: Well, why have you brought me

here?

(\- o-] B--a?)

Ajitha:

The coffee here tastes fine and

fresh.

b) 'taste'

a) smell

h ho
n --p[ am smelling/ is
smelling/ are smelling form [.

The rose smells sweet.

(G - hC.)
The rose is smelling sweet .
jo p[ ho
N p- am smelling/ is smelling/
are smelling [.

x 22
Well, why have you brought me here?

(\[ -C.)
Lakshmi: O, thank you (After a sip) I am
tasting real good coffee for the first
time in weeks.

(( T)
Eo y ]J
# # h-o.)

Ajitha: Wait a minute. I feel some thing

creeping up my arm.

([.
A O] -od E-hC.)

vo: Give y[.

Given y-[[. I have given a E

n ( y--f E). F x - J# p--p[ 'He has
given' E a[ n
[--o. C p ? y-f[ E n?
-'g, j]--
: English , o x,
`given' past participles confusing . `Given' C past participle. n y-- E. (y--[[
])

She is smelling the flower in her hand.

The spray smells fine.

spray
The spray is smelling fine
They are smelling the spray.

# hC n
].

x vp h-o.
C d ]- [[
d.
Past participles
has/ had

] had given, have/

h NN] ]-sx a, a,
a, a[, a n
hC.have/has+ participle- J-T E
j J-TC L---- hC.
I have given the book.

c) The book torn by the child.

( G[f #-- h)
d) The movie released yesterday.

(Eo N[-] -- E)
- .
a) E #a h.
b) school ]_ / E-# uh.
c) G[f # h.
d) Eo N[-] E .

Biriyani serves here

tastes fine.

(\[ GuF # #E-hC The biriyani is

tasting fine ].)
- -jo #-h-o-p[ am tasting, is tasting, are tasting
I am tasting the biriyani.

d.

M. SURESAN

( GuFE # h-o.)
\[ am tasting d.
( ----E Eo
# hC).
c) 'feel' N . -A,
j L-T--p[ feel/ feels v.
am feeling/ is feeling/ are feeling .
i) I feel the cold wind blowing on my face.

( OtC Oho xE LE --Nh-o.)

ii) She feels (is feeling ]) strange in this
new place.

Fo be- forms.) h p[ v --C,

y--f[, etc. passive voice forms h.
-- passive voice ].
He is seen here every day.

vA-V \[ [--[-[.
He is given salary on the first of every month.

vA ] D @ y--[-[.
He has given a lecture.

-u a[.

- y-- h.
(\[
n
]_
n ...
[-- uh E.
E --Jh C.)

N . h
N]-i #E hC n
taste, tastes . am tasting/ is
tasting/are tasting E .

She is tasting the dish to see how good it is.

( A-E y hC.)
C \[ d. d h
hC n is smelling/ are
smelling ].

a) The book given to him.

b) The man seen near the school.
seen past participle
school
Past participle

C 24 Vj 2005

h a.
(past- p[, V, j #aC p[
] y[ v J-TC.)
I, we you, they - have given.
he, she, it - has given.
He has given.

a[ (y[ --C past, j

L--[ ]).
'given' past participles ] 'be' forms(am, is, are, was, were, shall be, will be, have
been, has been
be, been
verbs

He is given Rs. 10000 every month. vA

. 10000 y--[-[ (- h).
They are given. x y--[-.
Children are given milk everyday. W x
L-y--[-.
vo: I give more prefer coffee than tea L.
F I give more prefer coffee to tea E
] ?
I am suffering from fever
]? I am suffering with fever -[?
, 'g, o-
: I give more prefer coffee... sentence J-].
I prefer coffee to tea L I give preference to coffee over tea L.
1) prefer y p[ 'to' hC. 'than' ].
2) 'more preference' [ ]. ]-

( h v- N EhC.)
iii) They feel quite at home in the new place.
(They are feeling

])
( h v x O h E[ ].)
How are you feeling? C [-
C o? n.
uvC N- -E--Lq
u-
i) am seeing/ is seeing/ are seeing [ (E-[ n)
am hearing/ is hearing/ are hearing ].
N- am/ is/ are looking/ listening [.
ii) h ho is smelling/
are smeling ]. smell/ smells v.
h-o-p-j am smelling/ is
smelling/ are smelling correct.
taste/ tastes
is/ are tasting
iv) 'feel'
feel/ feels
am/ is/ are feeling

iii)

h a #
.
.
N- -, -A n

d.
].
N [[ n am/ is/ are
feeling [-a.

preference
'more'
'Suffering from' correct

C.
, English
[- a--[]. . -
J O] hC. English angry with
(a person) . - N-x [-
d L. C \ English C-N
hC.
vo: I am going to go I am going
N?
--E, N--[
: 'I am going to go' x---o
E, 'I am going' -o E.
j E-----o-p[ going to do/ sing/
teach etc. [.
vo: 1. B---L/ B--o
2. v Ky h-
-L ( -L/
).
u- Tx- pL.
. ], -f

1. I should/ have to get/ have myself photographed./ I got/ had myself photographed.
2. I have to get the entry made/ recorded in my
service register (I got the entry made/
recorded in my service register).

[-

I
Raghu: Hi Pavan, you look dull. What's the
matter?

I have (am having

b)

]) a lot of work.
- \[ ] 8 # v
6 [u C.
Kumar has (is having ]) duty here from

( , [ o?)
Pavan: I have a headache. I don't have (do
not have) at home the tablets I usually take.

8 AM - 6 PM.
4.

Raghu: Sorry to know that. Do you have that

novel with you? I mean the novel you
bought last week.
(

d -- C.
]) the hope I will

K, ]-- y o F
]_-?)
K, C ]_ ]. v Eo
B--o[. C ]_ C.)

Raghu: I have no work today. So I want to

spend time reading the book.

( E-]. h ] -l ---o.)
Pavan: Go ahead. My brother has another
book with him. Take it.

( E. v] ]_
h C. C B.)

, -- p-p[ am/ is/

].
- [i v.
]) deep love for

are having
a)
She has (is having
him.
b)
I have (am having
be selected.

(--p C. -
- v x .)

Pavan: Sorry. I don't have it. Prakash took it

from me yesterday. He has it now.
(

26 Vj 2005

5.

o tx E L---p[ am/ is/ are having ]. have/ has

v hC.
a) --p C.
I have a headache (am having ].)
b) x.
She has jaundice (is having ]).
c) -E C.
He has (is having ]) a bad cold.
am having/ is having/ are having
[]-T ]-s u
A[, [ N

b) My friend is having a son and a daughter.

( v [, JE
A-o-[? C ] ? My friend
has a son and a daughter.)
c) Saritha is having a wonderful pair of ear
rings.

( J ]-i N --
A-]? ] d She has a wonderful pair of ear rings.)

C u- practice . (Eo have- correct form [).

1) ]_ h C. F ]_-?
2) F pi x ?

\-E A-o
1) E-p[ B--o (-o).

Raghu: Where is he?

( \[?)

I am having coffee.

Pavan: He is having breakfast. Wait for a few

minutes.

([ v-d ho[. )
Raghu: Aren't (Are you not) having any?

(y O A?)
Pavan: I don't feel like, with this head ache.

( -p x A-E ])
-- -E---N? Eox p[ J E-j have/ has [[,
Eo-x am having/ is having/ are having
[[. 'am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing' form
[E verbs have C. am
having/ is having/ are having form Eo ]sx n-Eo-d [.
1. have/ has o u-i n LT
[[.
I, we, you, they have.
He, she, it 'has'.

2) Rx-p[ h-o.
They are having meals now.

3) T- --o[.

He is having a smoke.
(He is smoking
am having/ is having/ are having- `bath'

])

[-a.

3) ] B--o. -
y - ?
4) (x) y? B--o!
h --
L. F ]_
?
]_ ]. ]_ C.
]_ ].
5) < C ?
B\
]_ p[ [s-].
]_ [s C F, < a].
6) - ]l v-d
B-?

x 23

I have a scooter.

\ C.
She has a lot of jewellry.

o.
My friends (they) have bikes.

vq jq o.
LT [[ n am having/ is having/ are having .
a) x ]i xC.
They have a beautiful house.
(They are having a beautiful house
b) This coffee has a fine taste.
(is having
c)
This city has wide roads.
(This city is having...
2.
am/ is/ are having
Have/ has

])

# # C.
])
- [-p- [x-o.

])
-, - o p-].
p[
v hC.

a) She has patience.

(
is having
b) The wife and husband have (are having
a good understanding for
each other.

p C.)

].

])

( u--h ]u # --
C.)
3. -o E J# p-] am/ is/ are
having [.
a) C.

She has a lot of jewellry

a)

o o h-o. h
.

My father is having a bath. Please wait.

b)
She is having a shower.
am/ is/ are having from

hC.

-E-
u
A[, [ n- J-N. ]-E
am having/ is having/ are having N ]sx N-K-n hC. eg:
a) I am having a scooter.
sentence

(
v a n,
\-E A-o E . -h
--- ], d \[ pLqC I have a scooter.)

\- x B
J p--] A-o?
d- x -[.
-.
\ d-q J# L].
p[ y A-o .
C?
7) : \[o \-x C?
(\-x= Pup)
: x \-x C. C DEo ]lC.
: E ?
: E ]-i C. H. y
x j --o?
: ].
8) F: --E ]-i
appearance C ?
-: N

].
F: E ]-i Jd, \F,
]l -, ]l o.
-: ]_ [s , x -E
C. (have, wish [).
9) LE: F \[?
A: o hC
LE: F- jy - vq j o?

A: o. ]?
LE: x -- yu
C. J-y- d/-u
C.

Answers:

1. I also have that book. Have you?/Do you

have it.
2. Have you/Do you have any class now.
3. Why are you having coffee now? You usually have tea.
4. (Over phone) Is it you? I am having lunch.
Please wait.
I want Mahesh's phone no. Do you have it?
I don't (do not) have it. Ramesh has it.
I don't (do not) have Ramesh's phone
number either.
(not
sentence
'also'
'either.')
5. Isn't that sari nice/beautiful?
Then have it.
I do not (don't) have/I
haven't (have not)
the money now.
I have the money but
I don't (do not) like
that sari.
6. What do you have for
breakfast usually.
I have mostly idles.
M. SURESAN
Why are you having
dosa now?
This restaurant doesn't (does not) have a
good name for idles. It has a good name
for dosas.
I don't have (do not have)/ haven't (have
not) much knowledge of the restaurants
here.
You are having a dosa now. How is it?
7. Ramu: How is that pup there?
Raghu: I have a pup at home. That's bigger than this.
Ramu: Has it/Does it have a name?
Raghu: Yes. It has a beautiful name.
Ruby. Have you/Do you have any
pets at home?
Ramu: No.
8. Suneel: Hasn't (has not) this building/
Doesn't (does not) this building
have a beautiful/ grand appearance.
Sukumar: I don't have/I haven't any doubt
about it.
Suneel: It has a beautiful portico, a balcony, big windows and a
large/spacious hall.
Sukumar: If I have the money, I wish to buy
this house.
9) Shalini: Where is Suneeta?
Santhi: She is having a bath.
Shalini: Has Suneeta/ Does Suneeta
have any friends in railway booking?
Santhi: She has, but why?
Shalini: I have an interview in Bangalore
the day after tomorrow. I am having a problem/difficulty about
reservation.
problem, difficulty
am
having/is having/ are having

]. ]-E

- -

[a.

[-

I
Krishna: Hi Nikhila, How are you?

( E", o?)
Nikhila: Fine, thank you, How go your studies?

(-o. y ]---o?)
Krishna: Studying well. My brother was
come yesterday.
Nikhila: Was come? Look here, Krishna, we
never use verb forms like was
come. That isn't English.
(was come

v Eo -T. C Tx ].)
Krishna: x p-C?
Nikhila: O v] Eo a-[E y-o. \[ was come E verb
. C p. English verb

be forms Eo- #
.

'be'

28 Vj 2005

[ -E-

have been, has been, had been, shall have

been, should have been, will have been,
would have been, may have been, might
have been, can have been, could have been,
must have been, need have been, ought have
been, dare have been

be forms #---Eo- been [ -E.

jFo 'be' forms. O-Eo- n [[
E -C# C. Ox Eo [
. j --EoF p-- nEo d independent [-a.
He is here.

can sing- verb - can + sing (1st RDW)

Ox E \-j 1st RDW verb

-C.
-E: 'shall, will, should, would, etc 'be'
forms . shall, should, will, would, etc.,

A J!
o. x
verb -, C
English ].

( C -, was come, has going,

verbs d, E E [--o vo-Eo- lesson ----[-C. v-h
]-, h--, practice , O
-- [.)

Spoken English d-E--C, p

D verb N--.
verb ? subject nAE

They could be here yesterday itself.

She might be dangerous, etc.

II form (verb

'be' form+ ...ing form

verb,
'be'
form
'...ing' form (going, coming,
singing, dancing etc.,
Kumar is writing.
verb: is (be form) + writing (ing form)]
She has been singing for the past one hour.
verb- has been singing
has been ('be' form) + singing (ing)form
verb sentences
'be' form + ing form

y j

-N) hC.

\[

j
,
C .

They could be going there.

could be (be form) + going (ing form).

x 24
III form (verb
Doing Words

OE --E o

.
1st Regular

2nd Regular

Past

Doing word

Doing word

Doing Word

come
sing
do
talk
like
smell

Fine, thank you, How go your studies?

(state of being [[) F, subject
EE (action) F L--hC.
Eg: He is here.

\[
\[
!

Sunitha works hard.

F d E--hC.
verb 'works' EE (action) -C

English

verb #a-i
o. h--. O O sentence
verb [- x (six
forms) [-- O sentence correct ]. [.
I form of the verb (verb ] )
'be' forms

am, is, are, was, were, shall be, should be,

will be, would be, can be, could be, may be,
might be, must be, ought be, dare be, need
be

h !

came
sang
did
talked
liked
smelt

Regular actionsI, we, you, they

1st Regular Doing
2nd RDW
word (1st RDW); He, She, It
not
Questions
1st RDW
'do', 2nd RDW
'does'
Past
Doing Word
actions
Past
Doing Word
not
Questions
did

[.

[.

-E-\[ o[.
verb 'is' [-Eo -C.

comes
sings
does
talks
likes
smells

v p- J

O
F,
F

N .
j J-T L [.
-
E F,
F
hC. C O .

IV form (verb

shall, will, should, would,

can, could, may, might,
must, need, ought, dare

+ 1st RDW

I shall go there tomorrow.

verb- shall go.
shall + go (1st Regular Doing Word)
Srinu will help me.
verb: will help- will + help (1st RDW)
They can sing.

\[

DE

\ 'be' o-p N 'be' forms o

N h---L.
V form (verb )
have, has, had, shall have,
should have, will have,
would have, can have,
could have, may have,
might have, must have,
ought have, dare have
need have
be forms
'been'
'be' form
shall have been 'be' form.
shall have 'be' form
Past Participle (PP)
(PP)
go
went
gone
see saw
seen
do
did
done
like liked
liked
talk talked
talked

+ past
participle

N
. Ox E \-j
o-p C
-C.
C
C
].
?

verb, V form
have, has, had,
shall have, should have, etc.,
past participle
combinationverb
eg: He has seen me.
verb: has seen - has + past participle (PP)
She will have gone by then.
verb: will have gone- will have + gone (PP)
They should have done it.
should have done - should have + done (PP)

j -#

\
-C.

Jh

N .
VI form (verb

'be' form + past participle

'be' form
past participle
verb
(PP)
a) He was seen there yesterday.
verb: was seen- was (be form) + seen
(PP).
b) The snake has been killed.
verb: has been killed, has been (be form) +
killed (PP).
c) It can be done.
verb: can be done- can be (be form) + done
(PP)
d) He had been killed before he was thrown
on the railway track.
verbs: had been killed - had been (be form)
+ killed (PP);
was thrown- was (be form) + thrown (PP).
VI form of verb
verb form- 'be form + past participle'.
verb
PASSIVE VOICE
verb- English
passive voice

h C

\ j
-C.

vu- C.

p[
o
C.

op[ - [ E n hC.
a) He was seen here yesterday.

( \[ Eo [f[).
b) All kinds of books are sold here.
(verb - passive

\[ Eo h t-

-[-).
c) The film will be released next week.
(verb- passive

E a- N[-]
--[-C).
\ VI form of the verb v passive.
N forms Fo active voice. -
passive voice [ !
x t o [ .
d Rx h \[ t--[-
. spoken telugu passive voice [.
English \
simple - C.
conversational ease C.
English verb p[ j singular forms L. -
O x-C sentence ]. x-
p. p[ [
He was come.
verb
was come - (was (be form) + come (1st
RDW)
be form + 1st RDWsix forms of verb
form
He was come- sentence
was come = was (be
form) + come (past participle)
be form + past participle
passive voice verb

\[

-yL?

]. d
].

C
a
O a. \[
u-i N come,
go, walk, sit verbs
M. SURESAN
passive voice [].
verb -JE, EE E vo-- Answer
h passive C. Answer - passive [].
They came yesterday.
verb
came.

\[
DE n a E. JE a? EE a? vo-
'Answer' ]. d O passive [].
He writes books 'writes' verb.
n h[ E. EE h[? h answer hC. DE passive p
C. Books are written by him E passive p-a.

vo: Were you there then yesterday?

Eo O p[ \[ o?
-a?
N. ---f, T]l-
: -a.
vo: h--vA- -- E
poet E -C-. poetess L
.
. -j-u, --
: English gender difference (L-]) -[ T_--C.
poet v [[ -----C.
p ] -o.

[-

I
Sasank: Where is your brother, Radha?

(, O v] \[?)
Radha: He coming slowly. I seen him a few
minutes ago.

( E- h-o[. Cl EN ] E )
Sasank: Look here, Radha. Your words, 'He
coming slowly', and 'I seen him a
few minutes ago' are not sentences
because there are no verbs in them,
they don't have complete meaning.
'he coming slowly', 'I
seen him a few minutes ago'
verbs

(F x

u . x
.
n Jh ] )

Radha: But 'coming' and 'seen' are verbs.

Why to doubt that?
(coming, seen verbs

?, -

E?)
Sasank: 'coming' is only an 'ing' form, and
'seen' is just a past participle. In our
last article, we have seen the six
forms of verbs.

E 30 Vj 2005

4. (C)
5. (W) Correct form: The snake has
been/had been/will have been (any
such 'be' form) + killed.
6. (W) Correct form: The book is/ was/
has/ been (any be form) + stolen
7. (W) Correct form: The class is/ was/ will
be going on.
8. (W) Correct form: We have/ had/ will
have etc. + known him
9. (C) - Past Doing Word
10. (C) - has been + killed (PP) - Passive
voice

v--p- [-Eo F .
am- I ; he, she, it- is ; you, we,
they- are h.
II) was, were [-Eo .
III) shall be, will be N-u-h [Eo
.
IV) have been (I, We, You, They), has
been (he, she, it) p
, pE, -F [Eo .
jFo [-Eo p 'be' forms.

verbs
tences

-d form --p sen-d-- .

ao-?
a) subject - sentence EE J# -
C.
b) Verb - sentence subject y
-/-- - sentence [
C/-N verb.

verbs - like, love etc.)

II) verbs expressing actions of the mind.

( Cl, -- -C-#
verbs - know, understand etc.)
III) certain other verbs like appear, belong
etc.

n ]!
a) 'be' form + ing form is a verb
b) 'be' form/ have/ has/ will have/
shall have etc + past participle is
a verb.
(coming
'ing' form, +
past participle- ing
seen
'be' form
verb
form
+ past participle
'be'
form
have/ has/ had/ shall have
verb

C
C
]

]
C.
F
N
-C. Fo
] u .)

c) English verb six forms

form
L.
d) English statement (
N p sentence) , question
order of words C.
i) Statement structure: subject + verb
ii) Question structure:
1) verb + subject

Radha: So, you say a sentence in English

must have a verb- one of the six
forms we saw in last article.
English sentence correct

- u N-J-#x
verb x L.)

Sasank: That's right

()
Cx correct verbs Jh-.
verb correct brackets (c) .
p- (w) d. verb form correct , correct verb form. verb correct
C form verb - .
eg:
1) He was do it (W)
He was doing it (C)
He did it.
2) She looking at it (W)
She is/was/any be form looking at it. (C)
3) They have seen me (C)
(have + past participle)
Exercise:
1. They know me.
2. She seen him.
3. They are take coffee.
4. She will help him.
5. The snake been killed.
6. The book stolen.
7. The class going on.
8. We known him.
9. They saw him yesterday.
10. The snake has been killed.

Answers:
1. (C) I Regular Doing Word.
2. (W) Correct form: She has/ will have/
would have + seen him
3. (W) Correct form: They are taking coffee.

f) subject
action
words
1st Regular Doing
Words (come, go, take, sit
verbs - I,
we, you, they
2nd Regular
Doing Words (comes, goes, takes, sits
verbs He,
She, It

- L- E
. Ox

[),

OE
[)
v p- J
Regular Actions -Th.

x 25
2) 1st word of the verb + subject +
other words of the verb. (verb

[ [ -...)
Questions [ :

E, F
hC.

v-uN.
EN. -i
]
E,
]-- F
y
N
y
h.
e) verbs [-Eo p verbs 'be'
forms .
I) am, is, are - vh [-Eo E,

E,

hC.

j- J-TD Lh
- - [.
Past Doing Word not E, Question
F did hC.

1) 'Wh' questions- what, when, etc.,

2) Non 'wh' questions- what, when etc

subject
verb
verb
subject,
verb

There are no verbs in your sentences

i) 1st Regular Doing

Word
Question
not
do
M. SURESAN
ii) 2nd Regular Doing
Word
Question
not
does
g) Past Doing Words (came, went, took, sat
verbs)

h) am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing form (be form

+ ing form) verbs

p[ --o -
[.
p[ --o - pEj, Eo verbs am + ing/ is +
ing/ are + ing form [. N

I) verbs expressing feelings and emotions.

IV) verbs

of

sense

perception.

(uvC - -C# am/

is/ are ing [. am/ is/ are looking,
listening [-a.)
V) have A[/ [ n am
having/ is having/ are having [a.
N n- am/ is/ are having [.
Bath am/ is/ are having [.
i) English verbs six forms .
six forms E E verbs .
j p Eo vocabulary items
-o. j-C @N-
h-, , C--u,
- a s-, ]-, -]-L- English --o.
DE-- Eo principles of pronunciation
(English a- v) -o.

(-, - -C-# N--

vo: 1) The match is to start.

2) The match is going to start.
3) The match is about to start.

O ]u N? OE pL.
p N--, -

1) The match is to startmatch

DE n
vL/ -C
qx E. -- -] E.
2) The match is about to start- Cl
x match v---C E.
3) The match is going to start- match

v C.
u about to start uC
\.
u v -C.

u u vu uC \.
vo: One word substitutions
N? OE --T-h
L-----. might E Eo
]-sx --T-h?
. O-] f,
: Eo p a nEo
L one word substitute (one word substitution ])
.
eg: one who does not believe that god
exists.

(-[-o-[E tE [ h[) h nEo L

atheist (-C-d). d
\[ 'atheist' C one word substitute.

a)

vh v N-u-
E -Eo uhJ--] 'might'
[.

eg: Hari might help you.

(J F -a/ h )
They might leave tomorrow.

(x h-/ x-a
).
Past -Eo uh-----E, 'might'
[. C E a
a) I think he may help me.

([ h---E/
u--aE ---o.)
b) I thought he might help me.

([ -- -h---E/
u--aE -o past).