You are on page 1of 2

*sme,fvpfZif AvHk;AaxG;

usaemfwdk@ t&ifuodcJhwJh owif;pmusifh0wf odk@r[kwf *sme,fvpftJopfrSm rk'drf;r_awG owif;ay;wJhtcg


usifh}uHcH&wJh rdef;uav;&J@oduQm rxdyg;&atmif txl;*±kpkduf&ygw,f? emrnf&if; razmfjywm/ emrnfv$Jajym
wmawG vkyf&ygw,f? "mwfyHk±dkuf&ifvnf; rsufvHk;ae&mukd trnf;ydwfxm;wm 'grSr[kwf rsufESmydkif;udk
0g;xm;wmawG vkyf&ygw,f? &Srf;trsKd;orD;tzGJ@wdk@/ u&iftrsKd;orD;tzGJ@wdk@u jyKpkxkwfa0wJh rk'drf;usifhcGifhvdkifpif/
wdwfqdwfr_rsm;udk+zKdcGif;jcif; pwJhtpD&ifcHpmawGrSmvnf; emrnfawGudk twdtus razmfjyay;ygbl;? 'g[m
tjynfjynfqdkif&m vl@tcGifhta&;a=unmpmwrf;eJ@tnDvnf; jzpfygw,f?
'gayrJh tckaemufydkif; jynfytajcpdkuftoHv$ifhXmeawG/ owif;XmeawGu etzppfwyf&J@ rk'drf;r_awG
owif;ay;&mrSm emrnf&if;twdtusawGeJ@ v$ifhxkwfa&;om;aewmawG awG@vm&ygw,f? “emrnf&if;
r[kwfyg” “emrnfv$Jxm;ygonf” vdk@vnf; a=unmwm/ a&;om;wmrawG@&awmh rk'drf;usifhcH&wJh
trsKd;orD;awG&J@ emrnf&if;udkbJ azmfjyxm;w,fvdk@ ,lqygw,f? ae&yfvdypf m/ rdbemrnftjyif trnf&if;udkyg
xnfha=unmay;awmh usifh}uHcH&wJh rdef;uav;ae&mu pOf;pm;om=unhfygawmh?
'Dawmhum usaemfwdk@rodvdkufbJ *sme,fvpftJopfu ajymif;oGm;+yDvm;? etz odk@r[kwf usL;vGefolawG
&J@ qdk;,kwfr_ukd twdtusazmfjyzdk@u ydkta&;}uD;w,fvdk@ t,ltqajymif;oGm;wma=umifh tckvdk cH&olemrnf
awG twdtusazmfjywmvm;? 'gayrJh tjynfjynfqkdif&mvl@tcGifhta&;awGudk ajymif;vJowfrSwfvdkufw,fvdk@
awmh owif;r=um;rdygbl;? 'Dvdkvl@tcGifhta&;owfrSwfcsufawG ajymif;vJwmr&Sdao;/ r&SdEdkifwJhtajctaerSm
owif;pmusifh0wf[m vl@tcGifhta&;&J@ vufatmufcHbJ jzpf&ygvdrfhr,f? vl@tcGifhta&;[m tcsKyfjzpfygw,f?
'ghtjyif jrefrmEdkifiHrSm rdef;uav;awG&J@ t&SufeJ@ÁajENudk tifrwefwefzdk;xm;wmvnf;jzpfvdk@ tJopfa[mif;[m
jrefrmjynfeJ@ ydkoifhawmfwm jrefrmjynfolawG b,folrSjiif;rSmr[kwfygbl;?
wu,fvdk@ taemufwdkif;uq&m}uD;rsm;u usifh0wftopfcswmr&Sdao;bJ e*dkrlvusifh0wfawGbJ qufusifh
oHk;aew,fqdk&ifawmh usaemfwdk@ jrefrmrD'D,mawGbufu csKd@,Gif;csufjzpfoGm;ygvdrfhr,f? 'gqdk&if usaemfwdk@rD'D
,mawGrSmbJ t"duwm0ef&SdwJhtwGuf owif;pmusifh0wfawGudk wdwdusus vdkufem=uzdk@ vdkygw,f?
*sme,fvpfZifrmS t,f'DwmawG&@J tcef;u¾ tvGefta&;}uD;a=umif;udk q&m}uD;a&$Oa'gif;wdk@utp/
vlxkOD;vS/ a=u;rHkOD;aomif;wdk@tv,f/ q&mvlxkpdef0if;wdk@tqHk; zefw&mawatmifa&;cJh+yD;yg+yD? 'gayrJh usaemf
wdk@ jynfyrD'D,mawGrSmawmh t,f'Dwmhwm0efysufuGufr_awGudk t±kyfqdk;vSpGm jrifawG@ae&ygw,f? +yD;cJhwJh
vydkif;awGtwGif; jynfyjrefrmrD'D,mawGu xkwfv$ifhazmfjycJhwJh owif;wcsKd@udk Oyrmjyygr,f?
ukvor*~uae jrefrmhta&;udk xdxda&mufa&mufulnDudkifwG,fzdk@ awmif;qdkwJh jrefrmhtwdkuftcHwdkif;&if;
om;acgif;aqmif ylusifh&Sif;xefeJ@ OD;odef;azwdk@&J@ t*FvdyfbmomeJ@aqmif;yg; 0g&Sifwefydk@pfowif;pm}uD;rSm ygvm
wJhtcg OD;odef;azudk 0g&ifhEdkifiHa&;orm;ocifodef;az qdk+yD; vkyfcsvdkufygw,f? ArmhEdkifiHa&;rSm odef;az b,fESpf
az&Sdw,fqdkwm t,f'DwmawG odxm;&rSmyg? t,f'Dwmht&nftcsif;/ t,f'Dwmhwm0ef,lpdwfqdkwm 'gygbJ?
OD;odef;azqkdwm uef@bvlrJqENe,fu woD;yk*~vv$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fvnf;jzpf/ jynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;
jyKaumfrwD CRPP tzGJ@0ifvnf; jzpfygw,f? ocifodef;azuawmh 90 a&G;aumufyGJrSm tift,fvf'Dr[kwfwJh
wjcm;ygwDwcku 0ifta&G;cH&mrSm ±_H;oGm;+yD;aemuf 0g&ifhEdkifiHa&;orm;tzG@J 0iftjzpf &yfwnfaewm jzpfygw,f?
t,f'DwmtaeeJ@ e*dkuwnf;u EdkifiHa&;A[kokw&Sdxm;zdk@ t&nftcsif;vdkovdk rl&if;0g&Sifwefydk@pfowif;
pmudkzwf/ txJudk zHk;wcsufESpfcsufavmuf awmh+yD; twnfjyKzdk@ wm0ef,lpdwfvnf;&Sdoifhygw,f?
&cdkifurf;±dk;wef;rSm oabFmepfwJhowif; xkwfv$ifh&mrSmvnf; tvm;wlt&nftcsif;csKd@wJhr_ odk@r[kwf
wm0ef,lpdwfcsKd@wJhr_udk awG@&ygw,f? ppfawGwuUodkvfausmif;ydwfwJhtcg ausmif;om;awGudk ZGwftwif;jyefcdkif;
vdk@ tdrfjyefvm&wJh bl;oD;awmif armif;awmbufu ausmif;om; udk;q,fausmf oabFmarSmufaowJhowif;udk
v$ihfwm yx0D ESH@pyfr_r&Sdwmudk jyaeygw,f? oabFmarSmufwmu ppfawGuae awmifukwf-oHwGJoGm;oabFm
vdk@ ajymxm;wJhtwGuf bl;oD;awmif armif;awmu ausmif;om;awGeJ@ bmrSrqdkifygbl;? oHwGJ-awmifukwfu
ausmif;om;awGbJ aozd@k rsm;ygw,f? tvGefqHk;tm;jzifh awmifukwf-oHwGJbufu oli,fcsif;awG aqGrsKd;awGqD
oGm;vnfwJh armif;awmausmif;om; wa,muf ESpfa,muf avmufbJygEdkifygw,f? ajryHkudk=unfh&if bl;oD;
awmif-armif;awmeJ@ awmifukwf-oHwGJwdk@u wvrf;pDjzpfygw,f? 'ga=umifh 'Dowif;[m =um;vdkufwmeJ@
oHo,&Sdp&mjzpfygw,f? 'ga=umifh txJudk zHk;wcsuf ESpfcsuf awmh=unfh wJhtcg tjzpfrSefay:vmygw,f?
awmifukwfoGm;oabFmepfwm trSefygbJ? armif;awmuausmif;om;awG rygygbl;? t"duygoGm;wmu
etzppfom;awG jzpfygw,f? 'gudkzHk;uG,fzdk@eJ@ ±dk[if*smudpP zGEdkifzdk@ etzu armif;awmuausmif;om; (90)ausmf
oabFmepfwJhtxJ ygoGm;w,fvdk@ owif;v$ifhvdkufwmjzpfygw,f? 'gudk yx0Drod/ owif;twnfrjyKwwfwJh
usaemfwdk@t,f'Dwmrsm;u 'Dtwdkif;xkwfv$ifhvdkufwmjzpfygw,f?
88 rsKd;qufausmif;om;awG&J@ 0wfjyKqkawmif;yGJudpPrSm c&pf,mefbmom0if ESpfodef;=um;emw,fqdkwJh
owif;qdk&if etztwGuf axmufuGufawmif jzpfoGm;ygw,f? pv$ifhuwnf;u r&Sif;r&Sif;eJ@v$ifhvdk@ em;axmif
wJhvlawG OD;aESmufpm;cJh&ygw,f? 'grsKd;v$ifhwm tifrwefwm0ef}uD;ygw,f? wdwu d suse@J a&vnfatmif
ajym&r,fhudpPyg? a0a00g;0g;v$ifhvdkufawmh usaemfwdk@wawG oduQmuszdk@jzpfoGm;ygw,f?
r=umcifav;u +yD;cJhwJh jrefrmowif;or*~tpnf;ta0;rSm tifwmAsL;udpPawGudk axmufjycJhwmudk wm0ef
&Sdt,f'Dwmrsm;u r&Sif;EdkifcJhygbl;? aps;xJu aps;onfawGudk jynfwGif;u b,folb,f0gqdk+yD; AsL;jywJh
owif;axmufwcsKd@jy\emudk wm0ef,ludkifwG,fzdk@ E_wfqdwfaecJhygw,f? jynfwGif;u&JabmfawG&J@vHk+cKHa&;
xdcdkufapwJh tifwmAsL;awG owdxm;zdk@ tpnf;ta0;wufolawG axmufjycJhwmudkvnf; av;eufyHk ray:ygbl;?
tpnf;ta0;xJrSm *sme,fvpfwa,mufaxmufjycJhovdk taemufwdkif;rD'D,musifh0wfxuf Ak'<bk&m; a[m
=um;cJhwJh ‘rSefayrJh tusKd;r&Sd&if rajymoifh’ qdkwJh usifh0wf[m jrefrm*sme,fvpfawGtwGuf ydkoifhawmfygw,f?
tifwmAsL;yHkpHu etzaxmufvSrf;a&;vufrSm ppfa=uma&;0if&wJhyHkpHrsKd;jzpfaewmawGudkvnf; trsm;u
rauseyfwm=umyg+yD? tifwmAsL;yHk =um;&wJhtcg udk,fjzwfoef;cJhzl;wJh tusOf;pcef; ppfa=uma&;umvudk
EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;a[mif;tm;vHk;u jyefowd&rd=uwm AsL;q&mt&nftcsif;vdk@bJ ajym&ygawmhr,f? 'ghtjyif
jynfwGif;jynfyAsL;cef;wcsKd@rSm AsL;q&mu tcsdefoHk;yHkESpfyHkuae av;yHkoHk;yHkavmuf,l+yD; AsL;cH&olu usefwJhtcsdef
av;yHkwyHktwGif; [kwfuJh/ [kwfuJh qdkwmavmufbJ ajym&wJhAsL;cef;awGuvnf; apmapmu AsL;cef;rsKd;vdkbJ
AsL;q&mt&nftcsif; csKd@wJhr_udkomru t,f'Dwmt&nftcsif;vdktyfr_udkyg jyoaeygw,f? urBmausmfAsL;q&m
awGjzpfwJh v,f&Duif;/ tkdy&m0if;za&;wdk@ tifwmAsL;awG/ jrefrmAsL;q&m0if;+idrf;wdk@ tifwmAsL;awGrSm rawG@&wJh
tpGrf;tpawG jynfyjrefrmrD'D,mAsL;q&mwcsKd@rSm awG@ae&wm tHh=op&mygbJ?
jrefrmowif;or*~tpnf;ta0;rSm tm;&p&maumif;wJhtcsufuawmh jrefrm*sme,fvpfawG[m tzdESdyfcH
jynfolawGbufuae bufvdkuf&r,fvdk@ *sme,fvpftrsm;pku cH,lwJhtcsufygbJ? ppftpdk;&uwzuf vlrsKd;aygif;
pHktzdESdyfcHjynfolawGuwzuf jzpfaewJhyËdyuQrSm *sme,fvpfawG[m b,fbufrSrvdkuf&bl;qdkwJh tjzLq&m}uD;
rsm;&J@=o0g'udk pGJpGJ+rJ+rJcH,lwJh jrefrm*sme,fvpfu xdyfydkif;u tenf;pkbJ&Sdygw,f? wu,fawmh pme,fZif;
usifh0wft& trSefw&m;udkom owif;ay;&r,fqkduwnf;u jrefrmEdkifiHtwGufqdk&if jynfol@zufuvdkufzdk@
qdkwm &Sif;aeygw,f? bmvdk@vJqdkawmh etzppftm%m&SifawGbufrSm bmtrSefw&m;rSr&Sdvdk@ jzpfygw,f?
*sme,fvpfawG&J@vHk+cKHa&;udpPuawmh rqHk;EdkifwJhZmwfvrf;jzpfaeygw,f? zdvdydkif/ ±k&Sm;/ udkvrfbD,mpwJh
EdkifiHawGu *sme,fvpfawG udk,rfh dcifEdkifiHxJrSmwif touftEW&m,f t}uD;tus,f}uKHae&wJhtajctaerSm
udk,fhEdkifiHjyifyrSm w&m;r0ifaexdkifvkyfudkifae&wJh usaemfwdk@jrefrm*sme,fvpfawGtwGuf vHk+cKHa&;udpPudk a&;}uD;
cGifus,fvkyfae=uwmudk r}uKdufwJh rD'D,morm;awGvnf; &Sdygw,f? awmfvSefa&;umvjzpfvdk@ toufpGef@zdk@
txd ydkif;jzwfxm;=uayrJh owif;axmufvkyf&if; vHk+cKHa&;udkpdk;&drfaewm t"dy`m,fr&Sdovdk jzpfaeygw,f?
'ga=umifh usaemfwdk@ jynfytajcpdkuf*sme,fvpfawGxJrSm atmufajcowif;axmufawGudkwifrubJ
xdyfydkif;u t,f'Dwmrif;rsm;/ t}uD;wef;owif;axmufrsm;udkyg Capacity Building vdk@ac:wJh t&nftcsif;
jr‡ifhwifa&;awGvkyfzdk@ vdktyfaewJhta=umif; wifjyvdkuf&ygw,f?

(jrefrmowif;or*~tpnf;ta0;wGif ajymcGifhromvdkufaompum;rsm;ESifh jrifuGif;rsm;udk jyefvnfa&;zGJ@jcif; jzpf


ygonf?)

*gr%d

You might also like