/f}tx6 lhNnfsf] blnt a:tLdf

ul/Psf] ;fd'lxs cfqmd0fsf]

:ynut cWoog k|ltj]bg
@)&)

k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{

blnt gful/s ;dfh

:ynut e|d0f ldlt M @)&) h]7 @* / @( ut]

/f}tx6 lhNnf lkkl/of bf]l:tof uf=lj=;=sf blntx?

dfly hftLo lje]b tyf 5'jf5'tsf] cfwf/df ul/Psf]
cfs|d0fsf] :ynut cWoog k|ltj]bg
!= k[i7e"ld
/f}tx6 lhNnf lkkl/of bf]l:tof uf=lj=;= j8f g+= * leG8fj/df ldlt
@)&) ;fn a}zfv #) ut] :yfgLo blntx?n] dlGb/ k|j]z u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/
z'? ePsf] ljjfbsf ;Gbe{df Onfsf k|x/L sfo{no u?8fdf lk8Lt kIf]n] lbPsf]
7f8f] lgj]bg pk/ ;dod} ;dfwfgsf] k|of; gubf{ ljjfb j9\b} uPsf] / kLl8t
kIfn] pQm ljifodf ;f]xL k|x/L sfo{nodfdf lnlvt hfx]/L lbP kZrft lk8s
kIfaf6 kLl8tnfO{ hfx]/L lkmtf{ lng bjfj lbbf pgLx? tof/ gePkl5 cfs|
f]lzt jg]sf u}/blnt ;d'bfoaf6 @)&) hi]7 @$ ut]
;d'bfodfly ;fd'lxs cfqmd0ftyf

:yfgLo blnt

s'6lk6ePsf] xf] . pQm 36gf :yn

lhNnf ;b/d'sfd uf}/af6 * lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f /x]sf] 5 ;fy} ;f] blnt a:tL ofbj
hftLsf] jfx'Notf /x]sf] u}/ blnt ;d'bfosf] lardf /x]sf] 5 . ;f] 36gfdf
3fO{t] ePsfx?sf] /f}tx6 lhNnf c:ktfndf pkrf/ e}/x]sf] / blntx?dfly
uDeL/ cGofo ePsf]

eGg] hfgsf/L :yfgLo blnt ;+3;+:yfx? tyf

ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWod af6 k|fKt ePkZrft\ hi]7 @& ut] blntclwsf/sf If]qdf
sfd ug]{ ljleGg ;+3;+:yf Pj+ gful/s ;dfhsf JoQmLx?sf] cfsl:ds j}7s
al;a .

36gfsf] ;To tYo

kQf nufpg :ynut cWoog ug{sf nfuL eQm

ljZjsdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf !) ;b:;Lo 5fgljg ;ldlt u7g ug]{ lg0f{o u/]

jdf]lhd 36gf:ynsf] :ynut cjnf]sg u/L ;/f]sf/jfnf Joltmx?, kLl8t ;d'bfo
tyf lgsfox?;+usf] 5nkmn Pj+ cg';Gwfg kZrft of] k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5
.
@= :ynut cWoogsf] p2]Zo

 36gf ;DaGwdf ;TotYo kQf nufO{ k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;fj{hlgs ug]
{ .
kL8snfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Gofosf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf kxn
Pj+ lzkmfl/; ug]{ .
36gfsf ljifodf ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] Wofgfsif{0f ug]{ .

#=

36gf ldlt M
@)&) hi]7 @$ ut]

:ynut e|d0f ldlt M

@)&) h]7 @* / @( ut]

%=

cWoog 6f]nLsf ;b:ox?

eQm ljZjsdf{

6f]nL ;+of]hs tyf cWoIf, g]kfn /fli6o

blnt ;dfhsNof0f ;+3

;]jn /fd
pkfWoIf, blnt u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;+3,
-l8PgPkm_
/]d ljZjsdf{
;'zLn ljs]

cWoIf, hfu/0f ldl8of ;]G6/

;lrj, -l8PgPkm_ tyf cWoIf, g]kfn blnt

dfgjclwsf/ ;+u7g
sdnf ljZjsdf{

sf]iffWoIf, blnt dlxnf ;

+3
;Gtf]if ljZjsdf{
s]Gb|Lo ;lrj, blnt ;]jf ;+3
k|sfz g]kfnL -clwjQmf_ ;dtf kmfpG8];g
/fh]z afurg
Nofgsfp, g]kfn
lbks/fh ltldlN;gf -clwjQmf_ g]kfn /fli6o blnt ;dfhsNof0f ;
+3

 czf]s bgf{n

blntclwsf/sdL{

^= tYo ;+sng ljlw

36gf ljifodf k|sflzt ;fdu|Lx?sf] cWoog
36gf:ynsf] cjnf]sg .
36gfdf k|ToIf kLl8t JolQmx?, k|ToIfbzL{x? / :yfgLo u}/blnt
;d'bfosf JolQmx?;Fu e]63f6 tyf s'/fsfgL .
:yfgLo k|zf;g, k|x/L k|zf;g, gful/s ;dfh, ;~rf/sdL{ tyf cGo
;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu 5nkmn .
&=

ldlt @)&) h]7 @$ sf] 36gfsf kLl8tx?sf] ljj/0f

lkkl/of bf]l:tof uf=lj=;= % le\8fj/ j:g] d'lGgnfn dx/f, ljGtL dx/f,

pk]Gb| dx/f, a'bofn dx/f, u'?bofn dx/f, kfj{tLb]jL rdOg, dxfjL/
dx/f, ;'lgtfb]jL dx/f, lht'gLb]jL dx/f, efujt dx/f, lht'gLb]jL dx/f,
sdf]lwofb]jL dx/f,;'g}gfb]jL dx/f, ;Ltfs'df/L dx/f, s'GtLb]jL dx/f,
5f]6]nfn dx/f, sfGtL b]jL dx/f , rg/b]jL dx/f, ;d]:j/ dx/f, nfnafa'
dx/f,
*= 36gf ljj/0f M
ldlt @)&) ;fn a}zfv #) ut] /f}tx6 lhNnf lkkl/of bf]l:tof j8f g+= *
leG\8fj/df emds/fdsf] 5f]/f pd]z /fdsf] ljjfxsf s|ddf ufpFdf /x]sf] a|
Xdeujltsf] dlGb/df a]x'nfsf lblbjlxgLx? k"hfcfhf ug{ hfFbf ;f]xL :yfgsf
ofbj ;d]t y/sf s]xL JoQmLx?n] pgLx?nfO{ ltdLx? tNnf] rdf/ hfltsf
dflg;x? xf}, ltdLx?sf kLtf k'vf{x? klg o; dlGb/df k:b}}gy], aflx/ g}
a;]/ k"hf uy{], ltdLx? klg aflx/ g} j;]/ k'hf u/, leq k:of} eg]] b]ptf

5f]OG5 egL dlGb/ k|j]z ug{nfO{ /f]s nufO{ hftLo lje]b tyf
5'jf5"tk"0f{ Jojxf/ u/]kl5 pgLx? jLrdf ljjfb j9\g uPsf] lyof] . To; k5fl8
cGo u}/ blntx? ;d]t cfO{ xftkft ul/ s]xL blnt ;d'bfosf JoQmLx?
nfO{ s'6lk6 ;d]t u/]sf] sf/0f pkl:yt blnt ;d'bfosf JolQmx? ;f] :yfgaf6
efuL cfcfkm\gf] 3/df uPsf lyP . 36gfsf] ef]lnkN6 cyf{t h]7 #! ut]
;f]xL 36gfsf] ;DjGwdf kLl8tx?n] u?8f Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf hftLo
lje]b tyf 5'jf5"t ;DaGwL, s'6lk6/ zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ul/kfpF egL 7f8f]
lgj]bg lbPsf lyP .
;f] lgj]bgsf] cfwf/df blnt / u}/blnt b'j}kIfsf JolQmx?nfO{ ldlt @)&)
h]i7 @ ut] k|x/Ln] cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf af]nfO{ 36gfsf] ljifodf 5nkmn
u/fO{ h]7 !) ut] leq hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5"t -s;'/ / ;hfo _P]g @)^* sf]
jf/]df :yfgLo :t/df blnt tyf u}/blnt b'j} kIfnfO{

;r]tgf sfo{s|d u/L

aftfj/0f ;xh agfpg]] / h]7 !) ut] :yfgLo blntx?nfO{ pQm dlGb/df k|j]z
u/fpg] Pj+ ufpFdf zflGt ;'/Iff sfod u/L eljiodf o:tf 36gf bf]xf]l/g glbg]
eGg] ljifodf 5nkmn

ePsf] lyof] . t/ 5nkmndf pkl:yt u}/blntx?n]

ufpFsf cGo JolQmx?;Fu klg k/fdz{ u/]/ dfq sfo{s|d ug]{ jtfPsflyP . ]
h]7 !^ ut];Dd klg :yfgLo k|x/L k|zf;g / u}/blntx?af6

;f] 5nkmn

adf]lhdsf] s'g} sfd sf/jfxL gePkl5 hi]7 !& ut] 36gfsf ;DaGwdf 36gfsf
cf/f]lkt wd{]Gb| 7fs'/ xhfd ;d]t & hgfsf lj?4df >LktLb]jL rdf/ / ;'zLnf
b]jL rdf/n] hflto e]befj tyf 5'jf5"t -s;'/ / ;hfo _P]g @)^* cg';f/ lk8sx?
nfO{ sfg"gL sf/jfO{ ug{sf nfuL u?8f l:yt Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf hfx]/L
lbPsf lyP . h]7 !& df hfx]/L k/]klg h]7 @$ ut] ;Dd gt :yfgLo k|x/L k|
zf;gn] s'g} cf/f]lktnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] b]lvG5, gt b'j} kIfnfO{ ldnfpg
kxn g} u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

j? of] jLrsf] cjwLdf cf/f]kLt u}/blnt ofbj

;d]tsf ;d'bfox?af6 blntx?nfO{ d'2f lkmtf{ lng bjfj lbb} Hofg lng]
;Ddsf] wDsL lbPsf] b]lvG5 . of] ljifodf

kLl8tx?n] :yfgLo k|x/L k|

zf;gnfO{ df}lvs hfgsf/L u/] klg k|zf;gn] uDeL/tf k"j{s glnbf / kLl8tx?
n] hi]7 !& sf] hfx]/L lkmtf{ lng tof/ gx'Fbf cfqmf]lzt u}/blntx?n] ldlt
@)&) h]7 @$ ut] ;fFem sl/j %M#) ah]sf] ;dodf o}hgfa4 lsl;dn] ;of}
+sf] ;+Vofdf cfO{ l;+uf] blnt a:tLdf cfqmd0f ul/Psf] b]lvG5 .
cfqmd0faf6 $) eGbf jl9n] s'6fO vfPsf] / !* - @) hgfsf] 3fhf+r s]z
kmf/d el/Psf]_ hgf c:ktfn egf{ ePsf 5g\ . o;sf cltl/Qm ;f] cfqmd0faf6
^% j6f 3/sf] 5fgfdf tf]8kmf]8 ePsf], ^ j6f rfkfsn ef+lrPsf], l6=le=x?
tf]8kmf]8 ePsf], 3/leqsf ;/;fdfg, afs;, r'nf], efF8fs+'8fx? tf]8kmf]8
ePsf], cGgkft / ;fOsn gub tyf u/uxgfx? n'6kf6 ePsf] tyf kz' rf}kfof
dfly ;d]t s'6lk6 ul/Psf] b]lvG5 .
xfn ;f] :yfgdf yk em8k x'g glbg / kLl8tx?sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu :yfgLo k|
zf;gn] c;O{ sf] sdf08df !# hgf k|x/LnfnfO{ v6fPsf] 5 . cf/f]lkt $@
hgf lj?4 hfx]/L k/]sf] ePklg @ hgf cf/f]lk 5f]6]nfn ofbj / /fd /fo
ofbjnfO{ dfq k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . blnt ;d'bfodf cem}klg yk cfs|
d0f x'g] qf; /x]sf] 5 . k|ToIf ck|ToIf?kdf gfsfalGbsf] ca:yfdf blntx?
/x]sf 5g\ . cf/f]lktx? ufpF 5f]8]/ cGoq} efu]sf] l:ylt 5 eg] ufpFdf
dlxnf / afnaflnsfx? dfq /x]sf 5g\ . ljjflbt dlGb/df u}/blntaf6 tfnf
nufOPsf] 5 eg] dlxnf / afnaflnsfn] dlGb/nfO{ 3]/f xfn]/ a;]sf 5g\ .
pgLx?nfO{ cfkm"n] u/]sf] uNtLsf] dx;'; / kZrftfk ;d]t ePsf] b]lvb}g .
lhNnf vfg]kfgLn] kLl8tsf nflu ^ j6f vfg]kfgLsf] rfkfsfn uf8\g] afx]s
cGo s'g} ;/sf/L /fxftsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5}g . xfn} u[xdGqfnon] # ;b:oLo
5fgljg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . kLl8t blntx?n] blnt ;+3if{ ;ldlt lgdf{0f u/L
Gofosf] nflu ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ub{} cfPsf 5g\ .
(= 36gfsf ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] egfO{ M

gfu]Zj/ /fd -pg]z /fdsf] efO{_ j}zfv #) ut] bfO{pd]]zsf] ljjfx u/L
ufpF cfpFb} ubf{ xfd|f bLlbjlxgLx?k"hf ug{

j|DxdfOafafsf] dlGb/

leqk:g vf]Hbf ;f]xL :yfgsf ofbj y/sf s]xL dlxnfx? / ljho ofbj nufotsf
JolQmx?n] rdf/x?n] xfd|f] b]ptf 5f]of], ltdLx? tNnf] rdf/ hfltsf
dflg;x? xf}, ltdLx?sf kLtf k'vf{x? klg o; dlGb/df k:b}}gy], aflx/ g}
a;]/ k"hf uy{], ltdLx? klg aflx/ g} j;]/ k'hf u/, leq k;]p eg]] b]ptf
5f]OG5 egL dlGb/ k:g lbPgg\ . Ps}l5gdf cGo JolQmx? Kflg
cfO{ xfdLnfO{ 3]/fxfnL s'6lk6sf] k|of; u/,] xfdL Tofxfjf6 efUof}+ .
pld{nfb]lj /fd pd]z /fdsL cfdf _ M xfd|f] ;d'bfodf ljjfxsf s|ddf
lbbLjlxgL x?n] dffO{ / eujtL k'Hg] rng x'G5 . ToxL qmddf j}zfv #)
ut] j|DxdfOafafsf] dlGb/df xfd|f lbbLjlxgLx? cn] k'hf ug{ vf]Hbf
rdf/x?n] xfd|f] eujfgnfO{ 5f]of] eg]/ pDn] . xfdLnfO{ ljho ;fx, uf]/v
/fo, /fdk|j]z ofbj, nIdL/fo ofbj, wd{]Gb| 7fs'/ nufPtsf JolQmn] ltd|f
afp afh]n] k'hf u/]sf] lyPg, ltdLn] g5f]p eg] . xfdLn] xfd|f] klg eujfg
xf], xfd|f] klg clwsf/ xf] eg]/ dfu uof}+ . ltdLx?sf] clwsf/ 5}g eGb}
xfdLnfO{ pgLx?n] xdnf u/]/ nv]6] .. blntsf] clwsf/ xgg\ eof] egL
Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbof}+ .
;Togf/foof/fd -:yfgLo_M

a}zfv #! ut] ph'/L lbPkl5 To;sf]

b'O{ lbgkl5 u?8f k|x/L sfof{nodf !) ut] xfdLnfO{ dlGb/ k|j]z u/fpg]
eg] klg ofbjx? Dffg]g\ . To;kl5 xfdLn] !& ut] hfx]/L btf{ u/]pu/fof} .
hfx]/L btf{ ePkl5 cfqmf]lzt eP/ @$ hgfnfO{ s'6lk6 u/]/ ePklg dlGb/
k|j]z ug{ lbb}gf}+ eg] . Xbogf/fo0f ofbjsf] lgb{]zg / of]hgfdf of]
@$ ut]sf] cfqmd0fsf] 36gf ePsf] xf] . xfd|f] ^% j6f 3/sf] 5fgf] /
ljleGg :yfgdf tf]8kmf]8 ePsf] 5 . clxn] klg pgLx?n] ltdLx?nfO{ k|
zf;gn] slxn] ;Dd a:5 , eg]/ uPkl5 km]l/ cfqmd0f u5f}+, eg]/ wDsL

lbO{ /x]sf 5g\ . l;=l8= cf]= / P;= kL= n] pgLx?nfO{ sf/jfxL u5f}{+
eg]sf lyP, dfG5]x? uf}/df g} 5g\ t/ k|x/L k|;f;gn] kqmb}gg\ .
Eff]6nfn ofbj -:yfgLo JolQm_ M rdf/n] dlGb/df k'hf u/]sf sf/0f of]
36gf eof] .
Dflg/fd ofbj M dfgj clwsf/ eg]sf] s] xf] < dfgj clwsf/ eg]sf] hj/h:fL
ug{] xf] / < ;j} dfgjsf] Pp6} Jojxf/ x'g'kof] . Ps xKtfdf ldNg]
eg]Yof}+ t/ blntx? cfPgg\ . xfd|f ;j}nfO{ k|zf;gn] nv]6]sf] 5 . b'j} kIf
a:g], ;j}nfO{ ldnfP/ lx8\g] af6f]df 5nkmn x'g'kof] . blnt a:tLdf
tf]8kmf]8 / s'6lk6 ug{' unt xf] . ;a}n] k'hf ug{ kfpg'k5{ t/ dlGb/ k|
j]z ug'{k'j{ 5nkmn u/fPsf] eP /fdf|] x'GYof] . o;df s] ePsf] 5 5fgljg
x'g'kof] . slxn];Dd efUg], ldNg'kof] .
/3'gfy k|;fb ofbj -:yfgLo JolQm_ M s:tf] sfg"g ag]sf] 5
xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5}g . yfxf gePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ klg 36gf ePsf] xf] .
k|ef l; -:yfgLo dlxnf kqsf/_ M 5'jf5"t cfh d]/} cul8 eof] . d]/}
Sofd/f km'6fpg vf]h], hlt ;DemfpFbf klg dfGb}gg\ . clxn] kgL
dlGb/df hfg lbb}gg\, dlGb/sf] jl/k/L ;j}n] 3]/] . rdf/x?n] eg]sf] e/df
;j} k'ln; lnP/ cfpF5g\ eg]/ eg] . clxn] t o:tf] 5 c?j]nf s:tf] xf]nf .
lbn a= l3ld/] -=k|==lh==c= /f}tx6_ M 36gf cfkm}df g/fd|f]
xf] . xfdLn] klg :ynut ?kdf e]63f6 u/\of} . elaiodf o:tf 36gf bf]x/Lg
glbg

;r]ttf

ckgfO{

c;'/Iff

gxf];

eg]/

k|x/LnfO{

/fvLPsf]

bf]ifLnfO{ sfg"gL bfo/fdf Nofp5f}. @ hgf kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . 3fO{t] x?

nfO{ :yfnut ?kdf e]6]/ pkfrf/sf] Aoj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 . @ hgfsf] a9L
rf]6 5 . pgLx?sf] pkrf/e}/x]sf] } 5, Toxf s;/L k'g:yfkgf ug]{ eGg]
;DaGwdf xfd|f] rf;f] /x]sf] 5 . dGqfno :t/sf] 5fglag ;ldlt u7g sf] nfuL

dfu u/]sf lyof} u7g eP/ cfO{;s]sf] 5 . !( j6f 3/df a9L If]tL k'u]sf] 5 . !
^ hgf c:ktfndf 5g\ . k|x/L ;dodf k'u]sf] lyof] . xfdL o; 36gfdf ax't
l;l/o; 5f} .
uf]laGb /fd kl/of/M -P;=lk=_ M b'ef{Uoa; h3Go ck/fw eof] .klxn]
g} Hofn dfg]{ pwf]u ;DalGw d'4f btf{ ul/Psf] lyof] /

lxhf] dfq f

Hofg, 8s}lt / 5'jf5'tsf] hfx]/L cfPsf] lyof] / ;f] klg btf{ ePsf] 5 . .
bfifLx? efufefu 5g\ . 6fOddf ;Daf]wg geP cGo lhNnfdf klg x'g ;S5 .
cg';Gwfgsf] kf6{nfO{ bl/nf] agfpF5f}+ . d}n] l;let k|x/Lx? Klg
v6fPsf] 5', 3/x?df 5fkf df/]sf] 5' , d}n] h;/L klg s]xL lbg leq lk8sx?
nfO{ ks|G5' / sfg'g cg';f/ sf/jfxL u5'{ .
8fS6/ sf};/ cfnd - lhNnf c:ktfn /f}tx6_ clxn] !* hgf oxfF
egf{ eO{ pkrf/ u/fO{/xg' ePsf] 5 . @) hgfsf] s]z kmf/fd 5 . 3fOt]x?
dWo] # hgfsf] cj:yf cln ulDe/ lyof] . clxn] ;fdfGo e}/x]sf] 5 . s;}sf]
klg clxn] cj:yf lrGtfhgs 5}g . h'g;'s} a]nfklg 3/ hfg ;Sg'x'G5 .
;O{ ;s]Gb| ofbj O[nfsf k|x/L sfo{no u?8f _ M dlGb/sf] klxnf]
36gf @)&) j}zfv #) ut] ePsf] xf] . #! ut] 7f8f] lgj]bg cfof] . h]i7 @
ut] k|x/Lsf] kxndf 5nkmnsf] nflu b'j} kIfnfO{ af]nfOof] /

5'jf5"t

P]g ;DaGwdf ;r]tgf u/fpg] / !) ut] blntx?nfO{ dlGb/ k|j]z u/fpg]

elgPsf] lyof] t/ u/fpg ;lsPg, lsg ePg dnfO{ yfxf ePg h]7 !& ut] hftLo
lje]b tyf 5'jf5"t s;'/ ;hfo P]gsf] cfwf/df hfx]/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . btf{ g+=
$* xf] o;sf] nflu k|s[of cufl8 j9fP/ cg';Gwfgsf] nflu e]if/fh
cof{nnfO{ tf]lsPsf] 5 . h]7 @$ ut]sf] 36gf ePkl5

;'Ggf;fy k'u]sf]

xf] . ljlkguf}td -;~rf/sdL{ _M 36gf lgGblgo 5 . 36gfsf bfifLnfO{

s8f sf/jfO{ x'g}k5{ / lkl8tnfO{ Gofo lbg'k5 [ . 6gfnfO{ /fhgLlts/0f
ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5 . X[bogf/fo0f 36gf xF'bfsf jvt Toxf lyPgg\ t/

pgnfO{ d'Vo bf]ifL dflgPsf] 5 . ufpFdf c3f]lift ?kn] gfsfjGbL ul/Psf]

5 . ofbjx? klg cfkm\gf] ;d'bfodf j;]/ s;/L cufl8 j9\g] eg]/ /0fgLlt
agfpFb} 5g\, o;n] 4Gg emg a9fpg ;S5 . kLl8tx?nfO{ ufpFdf a:g]
aftfj/0f x'g] lsl;dn] b'j}kIfnfO{ /fv]/ jftf{ u/fpg] xfdL kxn ul//x]sf 5f}
+ t/ 36gfsf bfifLnfO{ s8f sf/jfO{ x'g}k5{ .

;j}n] o;df ;xof]u

ug{'kof] .
!)= cg'udgsf qmddf e]l6Psf tYox? M
-!_

ldtL @)&) ;fn j};fv #) ut]sf lkkl/of bf]:tLof uf=lj=;=j8f g+= *

leG8fj/ l:yt a|xd ejfgL dlGb/df k'hf ug{sf nflu k|j]z ug{ nfUbf
ltdL blntx?, c5'tx? dlGb/ leq hfFg x'Fb}g, ltdLx?sf
afpafh] klg k;]gg\ ltdLx? Klg k:g kfpFb}gf} egL hftLo
lje]b u/]sf] sf/0f ljjfb eO{ 36gf ;'?ePsf] b]lvbf ;fj{hlgs dlGb/df
bltx?nfO{ k|j]z lgif]w u/L hftLo lje]b tyf 5'jf5"t u/]sf] b]lvPsf] .

-@_ hftLo lje]b tyf 5'jf5"tsf] ;DaGwdf kLl8tx?n] @)&) h]7 !& ut]
hfx]/L

btf{

u/fPkl5

k6sk6s

u}/blnt

;d'bfoaf6

hfx]/L

lkmtf{ u/fpgsf] nflu 8/, wfs tyf wlDsk'0f{ tl/sfn] bjfj lb+b}
cfPsf] / u}/blnt ;d'bfosf] pQm bjfjnfO{ j]jf:tf ub}{ kLl8t blntx?
n] hfx]/L lkmtf{ gubf{ u}/blnt ;d'bfoaf6 h]7 @$ of]hgfj4 ?kdf
blnt ;d'bfodfly lx+;|s tl/sfn] cfqmd0f ePsf] b]lvPsf] .
-#_ 36gf:tn lgl/If0f ubf{ kLl8tx?sf] 3/ tf]8kmf]8 ePsf], kz'rf}kfof
dfyL cfs|d0f ul/Psf], 3/leq /x]sf cGgkft n'l6Psf], 3/leq

/x]sf

6]lnlehg, ;fO{sn, rfkfsn, nufotsf cGo ;/;fdfgx? tf]8kmf]8 ePsf] /

sl/j ^% j6f 3/x? tf]8kmf]8 ePsf]df !( j6f 3/x?df j9L IftL ePsf]
b]lvPsf] .
-$_

h]7 @$ ut]sf] cfqmd0faf6 bhgf}+sf] ;+Vofdf blnt dlxnf, k'?if,

a[4f ;d]t 3fO{t] ePsf / 3fO{t] dWo # hgfnfO{ uDeL/ k|sf/n]

rf]6 nfu]sf] / xfn hDdf

!* hgf 3fOt]sf] /f}tx6 lhNnf c:ktfndf

pkrf/ e}/x]sf] .
-%_ 36gf :ynsf] cWoog ubf{ kLl8t kl/jf/x? cem} klg u}/blnt
;d'bfoaf6 yk cfqmd0f tyf b'/\Jojxf/ x'g] cfz+sfn] ql;t tyf
;z+lst /x]sf] / u}/blntx? cem} cfqmf]lzt x'b} 8/wDsL b]vfpg] /
cfkm\gf] ;d'bfoaf6 ePsf] HofbtL tyf cGofonfO{{ ;d]t :jLsfg{]
dgl:ytLdf /x]sf] gb]lvPsf] . ;fy} :yflgo u}/blntx?n] 36gfsf]
cg'udg ug{ k'u]sf ;~rf/sdL{ tyf dfgjclwsf/sdL{x?nfO{ klg
b'/Jojfxf/ u/]sf] kfOof] .
-^_ kLl8tx?sf egfO{ cg';f/ klxnf] 36gf -ldtL @)&) j}zfv #) ut]_
ePkZrft\ k|x/L k|zf;gnfO{ 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L u/fpFbf ;d]t
36gfsf] ;DaGwdf k|efjsf/L 9+un] sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpg g;s]sf]
sf/0f bf];|f] 36gf x'g uPsf]] / bf];|f] 36gf -ldtL @)&) h]i7@$ ut]_
kZrft\ klg k|x/L k|zf;g ck]Iffs[t?kdf ;Dj]bgzLn x'g g;s]sf] eGg]
a'lemof] .
;dod} k|zf;gn] Wofg gk'/ofpg] xf] eg] s'g} klg j]nf k'g 36gf x'g
;Sg], ;fdflhs ;b\efjdf bvn k'Ug ;Sg] tyf wghgsf] IftL x'g ;Sg]
b]lvG5 .
-&_ jt{dfg ;dodf ;Dk'0f{ blnt al:tdfyL k|ToIfck|TIf?kdf gfsfaGbL
ul/Psf]

cj:yf /x]sf]

5 . h;sf sf/0f sdhf]/ cj:yfdf /x]sf blntx?

nfO{ Hofnf dhb'/L ug{, lsgd]n ug{, j/k/ lx88'n ug{,lb;f lk;fj
ug{, ufO{ j:t' r/fpg, cf}ifwL pkrf/ tyf cGo sfd ug{ ;d]t
sl7gfO{ ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

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u}/ blnt ;d'bfosf JolQmsf] cleJolQ tyf Jojxf/ / ljutsf ;d]t 36gfx?
sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ ;dfhdf hflto lje]b tyf 5'jf5't clt h/f uf8]/ j;]sf]
kfOof] .

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blntx? k|j]z ubf{ ljjfb ;[hgf ePsf] j|xdeujtL dlGb/ jGb /x]sf]
kfOof] . clxn] klg ;f] dlGb/nfO{ ;of}sf] ;+Vofdf dlxnf tyf
jfnjflnsfn] 3]/ xfnL /f]Sg] 5]Sg] ul/Psf] kfOof] .

-!)_ xfn ;Dd lhNnf vfg]kfgLn] s]xL rfkfsnsf] dd{t u/]sf] eP klg cGo
s'g} klg lsl;dsf] /fxt tyf ;xof]u kLl8tx?n] k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
-!!_ clxn] kLl8tx?n] rf]/L n'6kf6,8fFsf, Hofg dfg]{ pBf]u, / 5'jf5't
;DjGwL hfx]/L k|x/Ldf btf{ u/fPsf] / @ hgfnfO{ dfq k|x/Ln]
lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] / jfFsL cf/f]kLx?nfO{ lu/km\tf/ ug{ g;s]sf]
e]l6of] .
-!@_ 36gfsf cf/f]kLx? km/f/ /x]sf] e]l6of] .
-!#_ Gofosf nflu :yflgo blntx?n] ;+3if{ ;ldltsf] lgdf{0f u/L
cfGbf]ngsf sfo{s|dx? cufl8 j9fPsf] kfOof] .
-!$_ dlxnf / afnaflnsfx? yk kLl8t / pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] kfOof] .
!!

;'emfjx?M tyf lgZsif{

o; 36gfn] cfd blntx?sf] cfTd;Ddfgdf rf]6 k'ofPsf] dfq 5}g

;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLsf] lz/ ;d]t em'sfPsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ulDe/ pkxf;
ePsf] o; 36gfn] ;/sf/n] xfn;Dd u/]sf k|ltj4tfsf] pkxf; u/]sf] /
sfof{Gjogdf r'gf}lt v8f u/]sf] 7x/ ul/Psf] 5 . blntx?sf] dfgj clwsf/ ;
+/If0fsf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] lgDg kxn sbdL lng cfjZos 5 .

36gfsf] lgikIf 5fgljg ug{ blnt gful/s ;dfhsf] ;d]t ;xeflutf /xg] u/L
pRr :tl/o

5fgljg cfof]u u7g ul/g'kg]{ .

kL8sx?nfO{ cljnDj lu/km\tf/ u/L hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5"t -s;'/ /

;hfo_ P]g, @)^* nufotsf P]gsf cfwf/df kL8snfO{ xb};Ddsf]
sf/jfxL ul/g' kg{] . ;fy}

5'jf5't cGTo ug{sf nflu ;/sf/n] ljif]z

of]hgf / k|ofKt jh]6sf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ / kLl8tx?nfO{ plrt

Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ul/g'kg]{ .
#

blnt

j:tL dfyL k|ToIfck|TIf?kdf gfsfaGbL u/]sf

cj:yfdf /x]sf blntx?nfO{

Hofnf dhb'/L

sf/0f sdhf]/

ug{, lsgd]n ug{, j/k/

lx88'n ug{,lb;f lk;fj ug{, ufO{ j:t' r/fpg, cf}ifwL pkrf/ tyf cGo
sfd ug{ ;d]t sl7gfO{ ePsf]n] ;f] tTsfn x6fO 36gfsf kLl8tx?
nfO{ tTsfn /fxt pknJw u/fpFb} cfjZos zflGt z'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt
ul/g' kg{] .
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o;k|sf/sf 5'jf5't tyf gfsfjGbL ug]{ h:t 36gfn] kLl8t blnt ;d'bfox?
sf] :jtGqtf k"j{s jfFRg kfpg] df}lns clwsf/, :jtGqtf k"j{s lx88'n
tyf cfjt hfjt ug{ kfpg], k]zf Joj;fo ug{ kfpg], / cfkm"n] OR5fPsf]
wd{sf] :jtGqtf k"j{s cEof; ug{ kfpg] ;d]tsf df}lns xssf] xgg
ePsf]

xF'bf

cljnDj

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clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ul/g'kg]{

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o:tf lsl;dsf 36gfx? eljiodf bf]xf]l/g glbg / ;dfhdf ;b\efj sfod

/fVg :yflgo

k|zf;gsf] g]t[Tjdf

;r]gfd'ns ljz]if cleofg ;Grfng

ug{'kg{] .
^= /flioo dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u, blnt cfof]u tyf cGo dfgjclwsf/ ;+3 ;:yfx?
n] kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbnfpg / 5'jf5'tsf 36gfdf sdL Nofpg ljif]z kxn
ug'{kg]{ .

&= t/fO{ dw]zdf 5'jf5'tsf 36gfx? j9L x'g] ePsf]n] d'n?kdf d3]zL
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jgfP/ b]z JofkL ?kdf cleofg ;+rfng ug'{kg]{ .
cWoog 6f]nLsf ;b:ox?
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