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(Chemical reaction)
103

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1

2

3

4

5

Introduction
1

Outlines
Outlines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. (Ionization Energy : IE)
8. (Electronegativity : EN)
1.

(Leucippus) (Democritus)

.. 1808 (.. 2351) (John Dalton)

1.
2.
3. 2
4.
5.

O-NET Get 100 by TruePlookpanya
..
(Sir Joseph John Thomson)
(

)

..
..
10,000
(ZnS) ()
() ( )
: ch-atom.blogspot.com

(
) (electron)
(
)

1.76x1011/ 1.76x108
/ ( )

(
) (Robert Millikan)
7

1.6x10-19
9.1x10-31
..1910 (..2453) (Rutherford)
( )
..

(nucleus)
(proton)

(neutron)
3
1. (proton)
2. (neutron) ()
3. (electron)

2.

10
X O
C
Z (atomic number)
A (mass number)

C () , N () , Na
()

?

()

=
=
=
1.67x10-27
1.67x10-27
9.1x10-31
....
1,835

11
8
8
16-8 = 8
11
11
23-11 = 12
9
9
19-9 = 10

( = )
(Ion)
2
1) (Cation)
() Na+ () Ca2+ ()
2) (Anion) (
) O2- () F- ()
Na ()
Na+ O () O2-

1.
Mg2+
2. _ (_ide)
S2- , Cl-

12

1.
2.
(Oxide)
8
8+2 = 10
16-8 = 8
2 ( -2)
2 10
(Fluoride)
9
9+1= 10
19-9 = 10
1 ( -1
-) 1 10
(Sodium ion)
11
11-1= 10
23-11 = 12
1 (
+1 +) 1 10
13
(Aluminum ion)
13
13-3= 10
27-13 = 14
3 (
+3) 3 10
(H+)
1.
2.
2.
4.
4.
(hydrogen) 1 1
1
3.
(iso)
- (isotope) ()

- (isotone) .
12
- (isobar)
- (isoelectronic)
1.
2.
3.
4.
2.
()
() B 5
14

3
3

(Niels Bohr)
(
)

(spectrum)
(ground
state) (excited state)

?
4.

15
: wiki.stjohn.ac.th
() ()
visible
visible

( )
visible light
(frequency) (wave length)
400 700 nm ()
700 nm (infrared)
400 nm

() (ground state)
(excited state)

16

5.

()

= 2n2 n
n = 1 : 2(12) = 2
n = 2 : 2(22) = 8
n = 3 : 2(32) = 18
n = 4 : 2(42) = 32
n = 5 : 2(52) = 50
n = 6 : 2(62) = 72
n = 7 : 2(72) = 98
17
1 ()

6
1 (n=1) 2
4 2 (n=2)
2,4
2 ()
Ne 10
1 (n=1) 2
8 2 (n=2)
Ne 2 , 8
3 ()
11
1 (n=1) 2
2 (n=2) 8
1 3 (n=3)
2 , 8 , 1
4 ()
19
1 (n=1) 2
2 (n=2) 8
9 3 (n=3)
2 , 8 , 9
!!! 2 , 8 , 8 , 1
? 3 (n=3) 18 9
2, 8, 9
(shell)
n=1, 2, 3, 4 (subshell) s, p, d, f
18

3 (n=3) 4
(n=4)

(subshell)
1 , 2 , 3
2n2
s
p
d
f
2
6
10
14
s , p , d , f
19

1
()
6
s p d f

1s2 2s2 2p2( 6 )

1s22s22p2
n=1
2 e-
n=2
4 e-
2 , 4
2
()

11
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

1s22s22p63s1
n=1
2 e-
20
n=2
8 e-
n=3
1 e-
2 , 8 , 1
3
()
19

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
2, 8, 8, 1
(subshells)

subshells - -
O-net
4s2 3d4 4s2 3d9

4s1 3d5 4s1 3d10
(valence electron)
6.
(periodic table)

21
6.1
Carbon
(atomic number)
12.011
(mass number)
6.2
IA IIA
IIIA
IVA
VIA VIIIA
VA VIIA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Transition
Inner Transition
17
(valence electron)
2
- A (representative) 8 ( IA VIIIA)
- B (transition) A

22
6.3

Na () Na IA
3 Ca () Ca IIA 4 ()

subshells

??
1. ( )

2. ()
3. A
1 Na ()
Na 11
1
2,8,1
Na IA 3
3
Na 3
2 Br ()
Br 35
2 , 8 , 18 , 7
7
Br VIIA 4
4
Br 4
23
7. (Ionization Energy: IE)

(IE)
IE1 ( 1) (
) IE5 ( 5) 5
()
IE3
IE2
IE3
Na
2,8,1 IE1
Na 1
IE1<<IE2<IE3
IE1 IE2 <<()
1
Idea
IE IE1<<IE2 1
IA

(IE) (endothermic) IE
(J) (cal)
IE
(cation) IE
()
8. (Electronegativity: EN)
EN IE EN

EN
EN
24
Tag :
01 :
http://www.trueplookpanya.com/book/m6/onet-chemistry/ch1-1
02 :
: . : :
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
25
Introduction
O-Net

(Inorganic Chemistry)
(Organic Chemistry)
O-Net
Outlines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1. (Carbohydrates)
(photosynthesis)
1 4
1.1 (Saccharides)

2
(polyhydroxyaldehydes)
(polyhydroxyketones) !!!

26
HO
HO
H
H
OH
CH2OH
C O
H
H
C
C
OH
OH
CH2OH
CH2OH
5
(functional group)
(aldose) (ketose)
(hydroxy: -OH)
(poly)

1.2 (Monosaccharides)
1 3
(CH2O)n
27
? OH 4
??

(monomer)

(polymer)

1.3 (Oligosaccharides)
2 10 (
) (H2O) 1
2 (Disaccharides) . (
)
(sucrose)
(lactose)
(maltose)
28
1.4 (Polysaccharides)
(monosaccharides) ( 10 )
(starch)
(cellulose) (glycogen)
1) (starch)

2
. (Amylose)

20%
. (Amylopectin)
80%

(Hydrolysis) ()

2) (glycogen)

29
3) (cellulose)
(cell wall)

Disaccharides

30
Aldehyde group
??
()
A B C
A B C
31
??
..... 1.
B
B 2 A C
A
B
2. (Protein)
C H O N
(Amino acid)
1 4
??
(-COOH) (-NH2) ( -amino )
H2N
COOH
( -amino)

( -amino)

32
: www.proteinsynthesis.org
2.1 (Essential Amino Acid: EAA)

( )
(complete proteins)
EAA (incomplete proteins)
2.2 (peptide bond)
2

33
2 ()
(H2O) 1
2 COOH (
C-terminus) NH2 ( N-terminus) (H2O) OH C-terminus
H N-terminus (H2O) 1
?? CO-NH-

H2 N
O
C
H3C
N
H
C
O
H
N
O CH3
OH
C
NH C
H H O
(-CO-NH-)
H2 N
H3C
O
C
N
H
C
O
H
N
O CH3
OH
C
NH C
H H O
4 ()
2.2.1

3 4 5 ? ?
2

34
(
...) Sense
? 3
4 !!
HH C H
()
()
2 3
2
HH C H
H
35
2.3
(Primary structure)

(Cysteine)
: http://imgarcade.com/1/collagen-primary-structure/
(Secondary structure)
2
: https://lebiochemblog.wordpress.com/2013/02/25/amino-acids-proteins-p2/
Fibrin
(Tertiary structure)

: http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/tertiary_structure.jpg\
36
(Quaternary structure)
: https://lebiochemblog.wordpress.com/2013/02/25/amino-acids-proteins-p2/
2.4

CuSO4 NaOH -
2
()
Cu
??

2.5 (Protein Denaturation)

(Hydrolyse)

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
37
2.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(Growth Hormone)

2.7

100 100%
100
93
75
86
72
56
44
38
3. (Lipid)
? (Fat) (Oil) (Phospholipid) (Wax)
(Steroid) ?
3.1 (Fat and Oil)
(Ester)
(Esterification) .... ?
?

(Esterification) (Alcohol)
(Carboxylic acid)
(Ester)
(Glycerol)

(Triglyceride)

?
?
3.2 (Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid)

2
1) (Saturated Fatty Acid)
(Single bond)
39
(H)
CnH2n+1COOH (Fat)

2) (Unsaturated Fatty Acid)
1
(H)
: vichakarn.triamudom.ac.th

() (
) () ()

40
(C11H23COOH)
(C17H33COOH)
(C13H27COOH)
(C17H31COOH)
(C15H31COOH)
(C17H29COOH)
(C17H35COOH)
3.3

!! 1-2

.
2

(Cl2) (Br2)
(I2) ( VIIA )
VIIA
()
() -
VIIA
VIIA

3.4
1. C C 16 C 18
2.

3.
4.
5. O2

** BHA BHT E
6.
7.
41
C17H31C
O2H
C17H29C
O2H
4.3
2.3
0.0
26.0
8.0
7.9
0.0
17.6
40.3
2.1
32.1
1.4
10.5
3.4
26.0
46.9
6.1
C11H23C
O2H
C13H27C
O2H
C15H31C C17H35C
O2H
O2H
43.8
23.4
13.6
9.6
22.7
11.5
19.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
C17H33C
O2H
................?
D
CnH2n+1COOH C17H33CO2H
C17H31CO2H C17H29CO2H ? D
3.6

3.7
?
.....

/
(Triglyceride)
42

? (
: NaOH) 3 (
) (NaOH)
(KOH)
3.7.1 VS.
.... .....
(Fat) ..
()
(Oil)
3.7.2
?

2
(polar head)
(nonpolar tail)

Na+
Na+ (
H C)

like dissolve like
() ()
43

(micelle) Hydrophillic
head polar head
(phil )

Hydrophobictail (pho )
nonpolar tail

(
nonpolar tail)
3.7.3 ?
.
.

Mg2+ , Ca2+
2C17H35COOH + Ca2+
C
H COOH Ca + Na+
17 35
Ca2+
3.7.4
Polar Head
44
1 :
2 :
3 :
3.7.5
1.
2. (PO43-) Na5P3O10 ()
P
O2 O2
3.7.6
(NH4)2MoO4

3NH4+ + 12MoO42- + PO43- + 24H+
(NH4)3PO4 12MoO3 + 12H2O

.
3.8 (Phospholipid)
() (PO43-) 1
(nonpolar tail) (PO43-) (polar
head) ?
45
1
3
:http://homepage.smc.edu/wissmann_paul/anatomy2textbook/phospholipids.html
46
(Cell membrane) (polar head)

() (nonpolar tail)

3.9 (Waxes)
(C14 C30) (C16 C30)

C15H31COOH + C30H61OH
C15H31COOC30H61 + H2O
3.10 (Steroids)

(steroid nucleus)

: http://cnx.org/resources/4e1c51290fa732e94a25cbdf7bf159df/Figure_09_01_08.jpg
47

4. (Nucleic Acid)
.4

2
1) DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
2) RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
DNA RNA
() O-Net
RNA
4.1 DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

DNA

.?
: www.astrochem.org
4.1.1 DNA
DNA () (nucleotide)

(polynucleotide)
DNA
(base),
(deoxyribose sugar) (phosphate)
4
( ) A (adenine) , T (thymine) , G (guanine) ,
C (cytosine)
48
: http://www.bio.miami.edu/tom/courses/protected/MCB6/ch02/2-17.jpg
Uracil RNA Thymine DNA

4.1.2 (complementary base) DNA
DNA DNA
A T G C
()
DNA (complementary base)
A T 2 C G 3
(DNA Backbone)
: http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/lab/Image173.gif
49
DNA

4.2 RNA (Ribonucleic acid)
RNA
DNA RNA
: http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/1527/flashcards/610287/jpg/picture123.jpg

2 OH
O (oxygen)
Deoxy- De
oxy oxygen

(Nitrogenous base)
(Phosphate) DNA
RNA T (Thymine)
U (Uracil)
RNA
(single strand)
DNA
(
RNA

)
50
: http://images.tutorvista.com/cms/
images/81/dna-and-rna.png
RNA DNA RNA DNA T

U RNA rRNA mRNA tRNA O-NET

. 1 1 3
.
.
.
1.
3.
2.
4.
..... 3.
. 1 3
.
DNA 3 G A T G T C A 5
1. 5 T G A C A T C 3
2. 5 C A T C A G T
3. 5 C T A C A G T 3
4. 5 T G A G T A C 3
3.
A T G C 3 5

Tag :
15 : 2
51
17 :
18 :
. :
1
2
3
1
2
3
52
Introduction

?
1

Outlines
1.
2.
3. (Chemical bond)
4. (oxidation number)
5.
6.
1.

1

53
1
A B
(Transition metal)
1.1 IA (Alkali metal)
1.
2. IA
3. (Li Na K )
4.
5. 1
(cation)
6. IA IA () +1
7. IA
8.
9.
IA
1. Cs Cs
IA
2. Na K Na
3. Na+ K+
4. IA NaCl () , KCl
1.2 IIA (Alkaline Earth metal)
1. IIA Be BeCl2
IE EN
2.
54
3. IA
4. 1
IIA
1. Mg
2. Mg Al
3. Ca Mg (Ti)
4. CaSO4 (), Mg(OH)2 ()
5. Be Cu
1.3 VIIA (Halogen)
1.
F2
Cl2
Br2
I2
2.
3.
4. (
)
5. IE (Ionization Energy: ) EN (Electronegativity : )
(anion)
6. VIIA KClO , KClO2 , KClO3 , KClO4 Cl -1 -3 -5 -7
( )
/ VIIA
VIIA / (
) VIIA

55
F2
Cl2
Br2
I2

VIIA

( 2 )
1 F Cl
F- Cl-
F
Cl
Br
I
VIIA

F Cl Br I
Cl Br I
Br I
KBr + Cl2
Br2 + KCl
(Cl2) KBr ( Br KBr NaBr Br-) (Br2)

?

Cl2 Br- ()

NaCl + I2

56
? VIIA I2 ()
Cl- (unknown)
)
1.4 (inert gas or noble gas)
1. 1 1
2. ()
8 He 2
1. He H2
2.
3. Ar Ar
1.5 (Transition metal)
1. IA IIA
2. IA IIA
3.
4.
5.
6. Ag+ , Zn2+ , Sc3+
7.

2.
H IA
VIIA
: http://www.maceducation.com/e-knowledge/2422210100/17_files/17-3.jpg
57
H IA VIIA

IA
VIIA
+1
-1,+1,+3,+5,+7
+1 -1
3. (Chemical bond)

(compound)

()
8 () VIIIA He Ne Ar
8 ( VIIIA) (inert gas) (noble
gas)
8

8 (metallic bond)
(ionic bond) (covalent bond)
3.1 (Metallic bond)

(Fe)
Fe (iron)
58
-
-
-
-
-

3.2 (Ionic bond)
()

(Cation) (Anion)
()
?
8 ()
59
Na (Sodium) 2 , 8, 1 1
8 2 7 1 ....
..... 1 1 Na+ (Sodium Ion) 2 , 8
Na

NaCl () Na+
Cl (Chlorine atom) 2 , 8 , 7 Na
Cl Cl- (Chloride) 2 , 8 , 8 Na+ Cl 8 Na+ Cl-
: taksreview.wikispaces.com
Mg 2 , 8 , 2 ? Mg 8 ....
2 F 2 , 7 ?....
F 1 8 1 F- Mg
2 F 1 ? F 2 2 Mg
MgF2 (magnesium fluoride)
: http://image.tutorvista.com/cms/images/44/magnesium-fluoride.JPG
60

(oxidation number)
3.3 (Covalent bond)

(co-) (valent)
(F2) (F) 2 F
2, 7 7 8 ? F
1 1

2 1
8
e- 1
(single bond)
(O2) (O) 2 O
2, 6 6 8 ? O
2 2
(O)
2
8 e- 2
(double bond)
61
(N2) (N) 2 N
2, 5 5 8 ? N
3 3

(O)
2
8 e- 3
(triple bond)

F - F O = ON N
4. (oxidation number)

IA
+1
VA
IIA
+2
VIA
-2
IIIA
+3
VIIA
-1
IVA
62
-1
OH- HCO3- NO3- HSO4- H2PO4- ClO3- ClO4- CN- MnO4-
-2
SO42- CO32- HPO42- Cr2O72-
-3
PO43-
+1
NH4+
3

ZF2
2. XF Y2F3 ZF2
1. XF YF3
3. XF2 Y2F3 ZF
4. XF2 YF3
ZF
4.

:2,2
: 2 , 8, 3
: 2 , 8, 7
X Y Z IIA IIIA VIIA
X
IIA +2 -1 XF2 Y IIIA
+3 -1 YF3 Z VIIA 1
F 1 ZF
5.

IE EN 2

5.1
63
..?
?

()

5.2

()
() ( IV VIIA
VIIIA )
5.3 (IE)
64
IE
() .... ?
() IE
IE IE IE
IE
5.4 (EN)
EN EN

IE
EN
6. (Radioactive element)

6.1
, ) He 2 +2
(

0
1 e
0
+1 e
( , )
-1
100
1
mm 5 mm
65

6.2
?? ....
.
1.
2.
.
1 In 49 116 Sn 50
116 ( )
, 01 e
2 24 12
() 4 2 20 10
X
6.3 (Half-life)

(Halflife)
X 100 10 50 X 10
10
5 (
10) 25
25 2.5 (
5)
25
66
? ... X 10 40
4
X 5,000
X 6.25%
1. 10,000
2. 15,000
3. 20,000
4. 25,000
3.
X
6.25% 100%
n 2n =16 2 16
4 24 = 16 n = 4 4
4 x 5,000 = 20,000
1.
2.
3. Ar Ar+

: radioactive-601.blogspot.com
67
(Nuclear reaction)

2
1. (Fission reaction)
2-3 ( )

2

(chain reaction)
2. (fusion reaction)

?
2

- I-131
- Na-24
- Co-60
- Ra-226
- U-238, Pu-239
- C-14
68
: www.plasma.inpe.br
Tag :
03 :
04 :
05 :
06 : :
07 : :
. :
69

1
2
3
. - 1
. - 2
70
(Fossil)
Introduction
Outlines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

3
1. (Coal)

( : http://energyearth.co.th/product?lang=th)
71
1) (Peat)
2) (Lignite)

3) (Subbituminous)
4) (Bituminous)
5) (Anthracite)

CO2, CO, SO2

NO
****

!?

(H2O) 0 - 4%

72
(CO2)
98%
1.56 /(
)
..1950 10 1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
(CH 4 )
1.7 ppm

2
(N2O)
(CFC) Freon

CFC
CFC

(ClO) 1 1
1
73
(O3) 3 0.0008%
20 - 30 (O2)
(O)

2

99%

(HFCS) (CFCS)
(SF6)
2

( )
(
)

74
2. (Oil Shale)

2 ( )
3

*** NOTE : 1. C, H O
2.
%
3. (Petroleum)
Petroleum Petroleum = Petra + Oleum Petra (Rock) Oleum (Oil)

() (Crude Oil)
(Natural Gas)

75

( ) (
)

3.1 (Crude Oil)

(Fractional distillation)

: http://chemistryquiz.exteen.com/20081201/fractional-distillation
76
(oC)
14
57
6 12
10 14
14 19
19 35
,
,
35
> 500
35
> 500
35
> 500
< 30
30 - 110
65 - 170
170 - 250
250 - 340
> 350
**

**

1. (Heating Value) 25
25
2. (Specific Gravity) 1
1.0

3. )Vapour Pressure)
4. (Flammability)
5. (Autoignition Temperature)
77
3 ()
LPG (Liqueified Petroleum Gas)

LPG (Propane) (Butane)
100 - 130 LPG
2 1. 2.
NGV (Natural Gas for Vehicle) 1.
NGV
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
1. 5
2.
3.
4.
4
78
a. A B
b. A C
c.

1. a b
2. a c
3. b c
4. a, b c
1 a b

(
)

91 95
2
1,000
1,000
Gasoline + alcohol

***NOTE : Gasohol E20 E20
80 : 20 80
20
Diesel + alcohol
50

(Transesterification Process)
79

- 100
- 0
**NOTE :
1. 87
8.5 1
2. 91
8.5 - 10.0 1
3. 95
10.0 1
4.

5.
6.
95
95 5

2
1. (TML : [Pb (CH3)4]) (TEL : [Pb (CH3CH2)4])
(Pb)
2. (Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether ; MTBE)
(Unleaded gasoline ; ULG) MTBE TEL, TML
MTBE
80

- 100
- 0

**

80 3:1
1. 95
2. 87
3. 85
4. 83
3 85 300 240
100 100 ( 3 : 1) 400
240+100 = 340 (340/400)*100 = 85
1 2 95 75 A B
81

. 1 B 2
. 1 A 95 2 A 75
. B 1 2
. B 1 2
1.
2. ,
3.,
4. , ,
2 , A B
1. (Cracking)
C10H22
C
H
8 16
C2H6
2. (Reforming)

Catalyst
heat
Catalyst
heat
3. (Alkylation)
82
H2SO4
4. (Oligomerization) ( )
+
3.2 (Natural Gas)

(CH4) (C2H6) (C3H8) (C4H10)
(H2O) (CO2) (H2S) (Hg)

1.
2.
3. (KOH)
4.
5.
1
6.
1. (Methane)

2. (Ethane)
3. (Propane)
4. (Butane)
5. (Pentane)
6. (Carbon dioxide) ,
7. (Natural Gasoline ; NGL)
C5H12
83
8. (Liquefied Petroleum Gas ; LPG)

4.

2
1.
(monomer)
2. (Polymer)

5.

2
3
1.

(CO2)

(CO)

(SO2)
(pH 5.6)
(NO) (NO2)

84

(Chlorofluorocarbon; CFC)
CFC
2.

DO (Dissolved Oxygen) DO 3 mg/dm3

BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand)
100 mg/dm3
COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand)
3.

(hydrogen sulfide, H2S)
1.

2.
3.
Tag :
85
16 :
. :
1
2
3
(Natural Gasses)
(Oil)
86
(Polymer)
Introduction
Outlines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
1.

Polymer Polymer Poly + Meros Poly Meros
(Monomer)

87

2
- (Natural Polymers)

- (Synthetic Polymers)

2
- (Homo polymer) ( Homo )
:
- (Co - polymer) 1
( Co- 1
)
88

Homo- Co- Homo- Co- 1
Homopolymer Copolymer 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
3
1.
2.
3
4.
2.

(PolymerizationReaction) 2
- (Addition Polymerization)
()
( ()
1 () () )
89
- (Condensation Polymerization)
1 H2O , NH3, HCl CH3OH
( 2
)
6, 6 H2O
:
3.

3
1. (Linear Polymers)

3
1.1)
1.2)
90
1.3)
(PET)
PET
2. (Branched Polymers) 2
2.1)
2.2) -

(Low Density Polyethylene; LDPE)
3. (CrossLinked Polymers)

91
4.

2
1. (Thermoplastic)

2. (Thermosetting plastic)
92
set

(H2C=CH2)
(H2C=CH-CH3)
}
(H2C=CH-Cl)
(F2C=CF2)
/
:

(PE)
(PP)
(PVC)
(PTFE)
(PS)
93
(PMMA)
(PAN)

+
1,4
+
94
(PET)
(PA) 6,6
(PC)
(PU)
-
(, PF)
- (UF)
- (MF)

(The Society of
the Plastics Industry, Inc.)

(Recycle) 7

3
PETE
HDPE
(PVC)
95
PETE
PP
PS
OTHER

a.
b.
c.
d.

1.
2.
3.
4.
2.

Cl (HCl)

96
4.

5.

3
1. (Natural Fibers)

1.1) ()

1.2) ()

1.3) ()
2. (Semi-Synthetic Fibers)
-
3. (Synthetic Fibers)

97
3
3.1)

3.2) 6 6,6 6,10
66
3.3)
98
6.
(Rubber)

2
1. (Natural Rubbers)
1,500 15,000
cis Isoprene (
)
trans Isoprene (
) ,
99
2. (Synthetic Rubbers)
(
) SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber)

1, 3

SBR - 2

(Vulcanization)

(: )
a.
b.
c.
d. IR
1. a, b c
2. a, b d
3. a, c d
4. b, c d
2.
a. (H2C=CH2)
b. SiO2 (RCL)
c.
d. IR
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7.

Tag :
16 :
Polymer 1
Polymer 2
Polymer 3
101
Polymer 4
Polymer 5

(Chemical reaction)
Introduction

(Reactant) (Product)

!?^^
Outlines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
( )

(Activation Energy, Ea) (Collistion Theory)
1

103
a.
b.
c.
d.
1. a, b c
2. a, b d
3. a, c d
4. b, c d
1
a.

b.
c.

d.

2.
3
1. (Combination)

+ O2 (g)
2H2O (l)
2H2 (g)
2. (Decomposition)

2H2 (g)
+ O2 (g)
2H2O (l)
3. (Replacement)
MgSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)
Mg (s) + H2SO4 (aq)
**

3.

(R)= ( X)
( t)

^^ aA+bB
cC
_ A_ B C + t
t
_1 A_1 B 1 C +
a t
c t
b t
A B
a, b c

H2O (l) T
() H2(g) + O2(g)

(Rate DeterminingStep)
(Ea) 2
I
**

105
2H2O2(aq)
2H2O(l) + O2(g)

H2O2
H2O
O2
A A
4B
(s)
A (mol/L)
3.0
2
5
2.6
2.0
1.4
10
1.0
A 0 2 5 8
- 0 - 2 s = A (mol/L)= 3.0 - 2.6 mol/L = 0.2 mol/L.s
(s)
20s
- 5 - 8 s = A (mol/L)= 2.0 - 1.4 mol/L = 0.2 mol/L.s
(s)
85s
A B
- R A = A (mol/L)= 3.0 1.0 mol/L = 0.2 mol/L.s
(s)
20s
- R B = R Ax 4 = 0.2 mol/L.s x 4 = 0.8 mol/L.s
1
4/1 A B A 1mol/L B
4 mol/L

MgSO4(aq) + H2 (g)
Mg(s) + H2SO4 (aq)
H2 5cm3
H2 (cm3)
A (mol/L)
2
3
5
9
14
20

(cm3/s)
H2 3 - 5cm3
1.
2.
3.
0.16
0.18
0.25
0.18
0.50
0.25
4.
0.25
0.27
107
2
MgSO4(aq) + H2 (g)
Mg(s) + H2SO4 (aq)

3
3
= H2 (cm ) = 5 (cm )= 0.25 cm3
(s)
20 (s)
H2 3 - 5cm3
= H2 (cm3) = 5 3 (cm3)
(s)
20 9 (s)
= 0.18 cm3
4.
1.
()
2.

3.

> >
4. / (Catalyst)

ClO- + O2
C
l-+ O3
ClO- + O2C
l+ O2
Cl
** /
!!
5.

**
!!
6.
**
/
(Catalyst)

a.
b.
c.
d.
1. a, b c
2. a, b d
3. a, c d
4. a, b, c d
2
a.
b.
c.

d.
109
5. (Law of Mass Action)

Rate [A]m[B]n
Rate = k[A]m[B]n
Rate
k
[A]
A
[B]
B
m,n

m n
m + n
1) m = 0, n = 0 R = k

A, B
2) m = 1, n = 0 R = k [A]
A A
A B
3) m = 1, n = 1 R = k [A] [B]
A B
A B
4) m = 2, n = 1 R = k [A]2 [B]
A B A 2 B

A B
5) m = 2, n = 2 R = k [A]2 [B]2
A B
A B
6.
(Endothermic Reaction)

( E) 3
A
(Exothermic Reaction)

( E) 3
A + B
C + D + E
3.1
3.2)
(OC)
25
25
26
X Y
23
X Z
25
111

1. X Z
2. Y Z
3. X Z
4. X Y
2
2 Y Z
A, B C
25 OC
(OC)
A B
24
B C
25
1. A B
2. B C
3. B C
4. B C
1
1 A B
Tag :
09 :
10 :
. :
1
2
3
4
5
113

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