2

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4
4.1
He 1 4 ( 121 C12 1 )
He = 4 4 a.m.u.

1 a.m.u. = 1.66 x 1024

a.m.u. ( )
1
1 = x 1.66 x 1024
1
a.m.u.
. Be 9 Be 1
1. 1.66 x 1024
2. 1.66 x 1023
3. 1.49 x 1024
4. 1.49 x 1023

1. B 7 B 1
1. 1.66 x 1024
2. 1.66 x 1023
3. 1.16 x 1024

4. 1.16 x 1023

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2. 14 2
1. 3.320 x 1024
2. 3.320 x 1023
3. 4.648 x 1024
4. 4.648 x 1023

3. D 2 36.52 x 1024 D
1. 10
2. 11
3. 20
4. 22

4. X 50 1 2.00 x 1023 X /

http://www.pec9.com

= ( %100x M )
M
%
5. M 3
1
2
3

1
2
3

80
15
5

M
1. 1.25
2. 1.73

3. 1.88

4. 2.01

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6. X 2

1
9
10
2
10
90
X
1. 9.15
2. 9.38

3. 9.75

4. 9.90

7. X 3

1
80
2
15
3
5
X
1. 12.15
2. 12.25

12
13
14
3. 12.75

4. 12.90

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8. M 2

1
92
14
2
8
15
1. 14.08

2. 14.55

3. 14.69

4. 14.86

9. X 2 X10 ( = 10.3 ) 80%

20% X 10.6

1. 11.2
2. 11.4
3. 11.6
4. 11.8

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10. D 2 10.00 11.00

D 10.20 D
11.00

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4.2

NO = N + O
= 14 + 16
= 30
H2O = ( H x 2 ) + O
= ( 1 x 2 ) + 16
= 18
.
1) HCN
2) CO2
3) H2O

4) H2 SO4

5) CH3 COOH

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11. KMO4 = 158 M

1. 55
2. 45
3. 40

( K = 39 , O = 16 )

4. 35

12. C3H8 22 C C
1. 9
2. 12
3. 16
4. 18

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13. Zn , Al O
1 : 2 : 4 18.3
Zn Zn ( Zn = 65 , Al = 27 )
1. 0.47
2. 0.92
3. 1.17
4. 6.5

4.3
1 3
1) 6.02 x 1023 ( )
H 1 = 6.02 x 1023
NO 1 = 6.02 x 1023
Cl 1 = 6.02 x 1023
2)

H2O 1 18 ( )
H2O 1 ( 6.02 x 1023 )
18
( )
9

http://www.pec9.com

3) 22.4 ( ) STP
( 1 atm , 0oC )
1
22.4 Lit(dm3)

STP (1 atm , 0oC)

6.02x1023

V
N
=
n = Mg =
=
23
22.4
6.02 10
k ( 6.02 x 1023)

n
g
M
N

()

V ( , dm3 )
k

14. (CO2) 22 STP

1. 11.2
2. 22.4
3. 44.8
4. 67.2

10

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15. (C3H8) 88 STP

1. 11.2
2. 22.4
3. 44.8

4. 67.2

16. 67.2 STP

1. 3.01 x 1023
2. 12.04 x 1023
3. 15.05 x 1023
4. 18.06 x 1023

11

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17. 56000 cm3 STP

1. 3.01 x 1023
2. 12.04 x 1023
3. 15.05 x 1023
4. 18.06 x 1023

18. 0.2 400 cm3 STP

1. 11.2
2. 16.0
3. 18.0
4. 20.5

12

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19. (Ar ) 2240 cm3 STP ( Ar = 39.95 )

1. 3.995
2. 2.965
3. 2.425

4. 1.675

20( ) H 1 N 1 O
3 31.5
1. 3.01 x 1023
2. 4.05 x 1023
3. 5.12 x 1023
4. 7.02 x 1023

13

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21( ) 448 cm3 STP 0.60

1. NH3
2. CH4
3. C2 H6
4. CO2

22. 3 / STP
1. 12.0
2. 24.6
3. 44.8
4. 67.2

14

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23. CO2 / STP

1. 1.96
2. 1.96 x 103
3. 3.92

4. 3.92 x 103

24( ) 2 cm3
: 1.0 g/cm3
1. 0.11
2. 36
3. 6.69 x 1022
4. 1.20 x 1024

15

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25. ( CH3COOH ) 15
( C = 12 , H = 1 , O = 16 )
1. 6.02 x 1023
2. 3.01 x 1023
3. 2.41 x 1023
4. 1.20 x 1023

26. 4.5
1. 3.01 x 1023
2. 1.66 x 1023
3. 1.20 x 1024
4. 2.40 x 1023

16

http://www.pec9.com

27. Fe4 [ Fe (CN)6 ]3

1. 2.5 x 1015

1.2 x 106 Fe
2. 5.1 x 1015
3. 5.1 x 1018

4. 2.5 x 1018

28. ( O2 ) 11.2 STP

( 1 8 )
1. 16
2. 6.02 x 1023
3. 9.6 x 1024
4. 4.8 x 1024

17

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29. ( H2SO4 ) ( H ) 2.01 x 1023

1. 0.55
2. 0.23
3. 0.195
4. 0.167

30. A4B6 6.02 x 1023

1. 22.4 dm3
2. 224 dm3
3. 2400 cm3
4. 2240 cm3

18

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31. X2O3 5.6 dm3 STP ( CH4 ) 2

X
1. 10
2. 20
3. 30
4. 40

32. S8 SO2 6.4

1. 2.56
2. 25.60
3. 256.00

19

4. 2560.00

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33. ( N2 ) 4 X ( NH3 )
4
1. 1728X
2. 2817X
3. 4 X
4. X

20

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4.4
4.4.1

1) ( mol / dm3 M )
1 ( )
NaOH 5 / NaOH 5
1

1
v
V
c
v c
= = =
n = Mg = 22.4
1000
1000 k
k ( 6.02 x 1023)

n
g ()
M
V ( , dm3 )
c ( / )
c ( / )
v ( cm3 )
k
2
c1 v1 = c2 v2
c1 , c2 ( / )
v1 , v2
3
c v = c1 v1 + c2 v2 +
c1 , c2 , c 1 , 2
v1 , v2 , v 1 , 2
21

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4
c v = k1 c1 v1 + k2 c2 v2 +
c
c1 , c2 1 2
v1 , v2 , v 1 , 2
k1 , k2 1 2
34. (C6H12O6) 90 500 cm3
/
1. 1.0
2. 1.8
3. 3.0
4. 3.5

35. NaOH 0.1 mol / dm3 5 NaOH

( Na = 23 , O = 16 , H = 1 )
1. 1.0
2. 2.0
3. 10.0
4. 20.0

22

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36. (HCl) 5.6 dm3 STP

300 cm3 /
1. 0.83
2. 1.03
3. 2.44
4. 3.50

37. CuSO4 15.95 g / dm3 mol/dm3 ( Cu = 63.5 , S = 32 )

1. 0.10
2. 0.88
3. 2.00
4. 5.00

23

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38. ( Na2SO4 ) 71 500 cm3

Na+
1. 0.10
2. 0.88
3. 2.00
4. 5.00

39. Sr(OH)2 Sr(OH)2 61 200

OH ( Sr = 88 , O = 16 , H = 1)
1. 0.10
2. 0.88
3. 2.00
4. 5.00

24

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40. 5 mol/dm3 1 dm3

10 dm3
1. 0.40
2. 0.50
3. 4.00
4. 5.00

41. 100 cm3 3 mol/dm3

2 mol/dm3 cm3
1. 50
2. 100
3. 150
4. 200

25

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42. NaOH 1 mol/dm3 500 cm3 100 cm3 1

1. 0.10
2. 0.70
3. 2.00
4. 5.00

43. 2 mol/dm3 1 dm3 4 dm3

1. 0.40
2. 0.50
3. 4.00
4. 5.00

26

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44. 3 M 100 cm3 2 M cm3

1. 50
2. 100
3. 150
4. 200

45. HCl 1 mol/dm3 50 cm3 HCl

4 mol/dm3 cm3
1. 12.5
2. 25.0
3. 37.5
4. 50.0

27

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46. HCl 1 1 mol/ dm3 300 cm3

HCl 2 2 mol/ dm3 200 cm3 500
cm3 mol/ dm3
1. 0.10
2. 0.70
3. 2.00
4. 5.00

47. NaOH 1 mol/dm3 100 cm3 NaOH 2 mol/dm3 50 cm3

NaOH 4 mol/dm3 200 cm3 100 cm3
1. 1.10
2. 2.20
3. 3.00
4. 3.50

28

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48. NaOH 0.4 / 30 cm3 NaOH

0.3 / 20 cm3 180 cm3
NaOH /
1. 0.10
2. 1.00
3. 1.50
4. 1.80

49. NaCl 3 M 200 cm3

NaCl 1.5 M NaCl
2.1 M NaCl 1.5 M
1. 150
2. 250
3. 300
4. 350

29

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50. NaCl 2 mol/dm3 10 cm3 4 mol/dm3 100 cm3

NaCl 175.5 500 cm3
mol/dm3
1. 3.42
2. 6.84
3. 4.42
4. 8.84

51. NaCl 2 mol/dm3 100 cm3 MgCl2 3 mol/dm3

100 cm3 AlCl3 1 mol/dm3 50 cm3 Cl
mol/dm3
1. 3.80
2. 4.40
3. 6.20
4. 8.80

30

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2) ( m )
1
/ 3 3
1
( / )
M + m1 )
D = c ( 1000

D ( g/cm3 )
c ( / )
M
m ( )
52. A 5 mol/kg mol/dm3
A 120 A 1.2 g/cm3
1. 3.75

2. 4.81

3. 5.33

31

4. 6.25

http://www.pec9.com

53. (HClO4) 5 mol/dm3 1.54 g/cm3

mol / kg
1. 3.75
2. 4.81
3. 5.33
4. 6.25

3)
X
A 2 B 5 C 3

A ( XA ) = 2 25 3 = 102 = 0.2
B ( XB ) = 2 55 3 = 105 = 0.5
C ( XC ) = 2 35 3 = 103 = 0.3
100

A = 0.2 x 100 = 20
A = 0.5 x 100 = 50
A = 0.3 x 100 = 30

32

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54. A 2 B 1 C 2
( )
1. 0.2 , 0.1 , 0.2
2. 0.4 , 0.2 , 0.4
3. 2.0 , 1.0 , 2.0
4. 4.0 , 1.0 , 2.0

55. A 40
20 180 A
1. 0.0476
2. 0.476
3. 4.76
4. 47.6

33

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4) (parts per hundred , pph )

3
. ( )
100 NaCl 15
NaCl 15 100
NaCl 15 100
. ( )
100 HCl 3

HCl 3 cm3 100 cm3
HCl 3 100
. 100

(g) (cm3)
(kg) (dm3)
20%
20 100 cm3
20 100

x 100
=

= x 100

= (3) x 100
(cm )

34

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56. 30 120

1. 10
2. 15
3. 18
4. 20

57. HCl 2% / 200 cm3 HCl

cm3
1. 2.00
2. 2.80
3. 4.00
4. 4.80

35

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58. NaOH 0.5 30% /

cm3
1. 33.33
2. 40.00
3. 66.67
4. 80.00

/
1
/
c = 10 M% D
c /
%
D (g/cm3)
M
2 / /
c = 10M%
c /
%
M
36

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59. (C6H12O6) 30 % 9 g/cm3

/
1. 5
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20

60. NaOH 20 % / /
1. 5
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20

37

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61. H2SO4 0.1 mol/dm3 100 cm3 H2SO4

49% 1.25
g/cm3 H2SO4 cm3 100 cm3
1. 0.80
2. 1.60
3. 6.25
4. 12.50

62. ( HNO3 ) 2.0 mol/dm3 210 cm3

HNO3 63% ( 1.4 g/cm3 ) HNO3
63%
1. 20
2. 25
3. 30
4. 35

38

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63. 3 1 200 cm3 A 8

1.2 g/cm3 2 400 cm3 A
0.2 mol/dm3 3 A 12 3
100 cm3 mol/dm3
( A = 48 )
1. 1.04
2. 1.25
3. 1.49
4. 1.72

39

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5) (parts per million , ppm )

1
0.1
0.1 1

6
ppm ( ) =
x 10
ppm ( ) = x 106

6) (parts per billion , ppb )

1
0.8
0.8 1

9
ppb ( ) =
x 10
ppb ( ) = x 109

40

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64. (II) ( Hg (NO3)2 ) 0.1 100

1. 10
2. 100
3. 1000
4. 10000

65. 100 cm3 3 x 105 cm3

1. 30
2. 300
3. 3000
4. 30000

41

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4.4.2



100oC 0oC

100oC 0oC

( colligative )

1)

2)

w x 1000
T T = Kb m = Kb ( w1 x M )
2
w1 x 1000
T T = Kf m = Kf ( w x M )
2
Kb ( oC / m )
Kf ( oC / m )
m ( / )
w1
w2
M

42

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66( En) NaCl

1.

2.

3.

4.

67( En) X 5 20 83.3oC

X 300 80.1oC Kb
2.53oC/m X
1. 20
2. 198
3. 316
4. 396

43

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68( ) A 2.76 10
82.16oC A (
78.52oC , ( Kb ) 1.22oC/m )
1. 92
2. 184
3. 316
4. 396

69( En) A 100 g/mol

A 7.44oC A
( Kf 1.86o C . mol1. kg1 )
1. 20
2. 40
3. 200
4. 400

44

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70. 100 1000

= 50 , Kb = 0.5oC/m , = 100oC
1. 100.5oC
2. 101.0oC
3. 101.5oC
4. 102.0oC

71. 100 1000

= 50 ,
Kf = 1.86oC/m , = 0oC
1. 0.93oC
2. 1.86oC
3. 3.72oC
4. 4.65oC

45

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72( ) 20 1000

( 40 Kf 1.8oC/m )
1. 0.9oC
2. 1.8oC
3. 3.6oC
4. 4.5oC

73( En)

Kb (oC/mol/kg)

2.50

0.50

(oC)
80.0
100.0
. 1 100.50oC
. 1 100.50oC
. 2 85.00oC

1. . . .
2. . .
3 . .
4. . .
46

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74.
1.0 /
( K = 39 , S = 32 , O = 15 , Na = 23 , P = 31 , Cl = 35.5 , Ca = 40 )
1. K2SO4
2. Na3PO4
3. CaCl2
4. C6H12O6

47

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4.5
4.5.1


()

C6 H12 O6
( C) 6
(H) 12 (O) 6

(C6 H12 O6) = ( CH2O )6
( CH2O )

() n =
() n =
75. ( C ) 1.2 (H)
0.2 (O) 1.6 60

1. CH2O
2. C2H4O2
3. C3H6O3
4. C4H8O4

48

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76. As 65.2% O 34.8%

230 ( As = 75 , O = 16 )
1. AsO2
2. As2 O3
3. As2 O4
4. As2 O5

49

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77. A N , H , O A 64
28 36 A 64
A
1. NH2O
2. NHO3
3. N2H4O2
4. N3H6O3

50

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4.5.2

A
A =

78. C CO2
1. 13.33
2. 20.00
3. 27.27

100

4. 33.33

79. O CuSO4 . 5 H2O ( Cu = 63.5 , S = 32 )

1. 36.07
2. 45.50
3. 57.72
4. 63.33

51

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80.
1. 36.07
2. 45.50
3. 57.72

4. 63.33

81( ) A 1 27
80.50 A

1. 348.3
2. 402.5
3. 430.3
4. 490.8

52

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4.6
4.6.1

( )

( )

1.
2.
1. HCl
Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ZnCl2(s) + H2(g)
H2

2.
CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g)
CO2

3. (II)
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

53

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4.6.2



A + B C + D
A B = C D
82. 2.86 0.73 1.17
1.98

1. 0.22
2. 0.36
3. 0.44
4. 4.4

54

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83. (Na2SO4) 142 (BaCl2)

208 (NaCl) 117
(BaSO4)

4.6.3
2



1 : 8


1
8
2
16
3
24
4
32
5
40
55

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84. ( C ) 3 (O) 8

15
( )
1. 40 , 55
2. 20 , 35
3. 30 , 45
4. 50 , 65

85. 1.52 1.00 7.60 ( MgO )

1. 5
2. 10.60
3. 12.60
4. 14.60

56

http://www.pec9.com

86. S 40% O 60% S 16

O 20
1. 16.67
2. 33.34
3. 38.80
4. 42.50

57

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4.7
4.7.1

( )
(Reactants)
(Products) +

( Zn ) ( H2SO4 )
(ZnSO4) ( H2 )
Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2

1.

2.

N2 + H2 NH3

N2 + 3 H2 2 NH3

3.
(Solid) s (liquid) l
(gas) g (aqueous) aq

CaC2(s) + 2 H2O(g) Ca(OH)2(aq) + C2H2(g)

4.
2 NH3(g) + 93(g) N2(g) + 3 H2(g)
= 93 kJ
CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l) + 889.5 kJ
= 889.5 kJ
58

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1.

2.
3.

87.
Fe2O3 + H2 Fe + H2O
1. 5 , 3 , 1 , 3
2. 1 , 3 , 2 , 3
3. 2 , 3 , 1 , 2
4. 2 , 3 , 4 , 3

88.
PCl5(l) + H2O(l) H3PO4(aq) + HCl(aq)
1. 2 , 3 , 1 , 3
2. 1 , 3 , 2 , 3
3. 1 , 4 , 1 , 5
4. 1 , 3 , 4 , 3

59

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89.
P4O10 + H2O H3PO4
1. 2 , 3 , 1
2. 1 , 6 , 4
3. 4 , 1 , 5
4. 3 , 4 , 3

90.
Fe2O3 + C Fe + CO2
1. 5 , 3 , 1 , 3
2. 1 , 3 , 2 , 3
3. 2 , 3 , 1 , 2
4. 2 , 3 , 4 , 3

60

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4.7.2

( )

2 H2(g) + O2(g) 2 H2 O(g)

H2 : O2 : H2O = 2 : 1 : 2
91. C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) CO2 44
C3H8
1. 6.0
2. 6.8
3. 7.5
4. 8.8

61

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92. O2 64
1. 3.01 x 1023
2. 6.02 x 1023
3. 9.632 x 1023

4. 12.04 x 1023

93. KClO3
2 KClO3 2 KCl + 3 O2
KClO3 12.26
1. 1.12
2. 2.24

( K = 39.1 , Cl = 35.5 , O = 16 )
O2 STP
3. 3.36
4. 4.48

62

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94( En)
2 CaCO3(s) + 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) 2 CaSO4(s) + 2 CO2(g)
CaCO3 SO2 1120 cm3 STP ( Ca = 40 , S = 32 )
1. 0.05
2. 5
3. 50
4. 5000

95. ( CH4 ) ( O2 ) 24

1. 11.2
2. 22.4
3. 44.8
4. 67.2

63

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96( ) O2 6.4 H2
dm3 STP ( , H = 1 , O = 16 )
1. 1.12
2. 4.48
3. 6.62
4. 8.96

97( En) FeS

20 H2SO4
H2S 3.4 FeS
FeS + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2S

64

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4.7.3
98( En) 2 Pb(NO3)2 2 PbO + 4 NO2 + O2
NO2 + 2 KI K2O + NO + I2
( K = 40 , Pb = 207 , I = 127 )
Pb(NO3)2 I2 1.21 x 1022

65

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99. (Cl2) (CCl4) 5.00

CS2(l) + 3 Cl2(g) S2Cl2 (l) + CCl4 (l)
8 S2Cl2 (l) + 4 CS2 (l) 3 S8 (s) + 4 CCl4 (l)
1. 2.31
2. 4.61
3. 7.21
4. 9.22

66

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4.7.4

=
x 100

100. (C6H6) 15.6 (HNO3)
(C6H5NO2) 18.0
C6H6(l) + HNO3(aq) C6H5NO2(l) + H2O(l)
1. 50.0
2. 62.5
3. 73.2
4. 78.3

67

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4.7.5


101. ( CH4 ) 8.00 ( O2 ) 48
( CO2 )
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (l)
1. 19.5
2. 22.0
3. 22.5
4. 23.8

68

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102( En) NaCl 5.85 100 cm3

AgNO3 0.2 mol/dm3 100 cm3
AgCl
1. 1.17
2. 2.87
3. 5.58
4. 14.85

69

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4.7.6

2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2O(g)

H2 : O2 : H2O = 2 : 1 : 2



103. 4 X2(g) + 7 Y2(g) 2 X4Y7 (g) Y2 28 X2
X4Y7
1. 2
2. 4
3. 8
4. 10

70

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104. A2
B2 AB3
A2 + 3 B2 2 AB3
B2 60 A2
AB3
1. 10
2. 20
3. 30
4. 40

105. A2 B2
AB3 A2 + 3 B2 2 AB3 A2 35
B2 81 A2 B2

1. A2
2. B2
3.
4.

71

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106. AB3
1. 27
2. 36
3. 48

4. 54

107. A2
1. 2
2. 4
3. 8

72

4. 10

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108.
1. 31
2. 62

3. 76

4. 93

109. H2 4 dm3 O2 3 dm3 100oC

2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2O(g)
dm3
1. 4
2. 5
3. 6
4. 8

73

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110( En) X2 50 O2 125 G 50

G
1. XO
2. XO2
3. X2O
4. X2O5

111. ( N2) 3.0 cm3

( O2) 1.5 cm3 X 3.0 cm3 X
1. NO
2. NO2
3. N2O
4. N2O5

74

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112. 30oC 1 N2 (H2O) 1 dm3

1.
2.
3.
4.

113. 5 n 1

1. 5n
2. n
3. n5
4. 32n
44

75