Eroberogeday HG Sium Hak Kusl: Esg Vut I

1 > GgÁFatumYyelIseGLicRtugcMnYn n = 5 × 10 9 . KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIrbs;GgÁFatuenaH .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIrbs;GgÁFatuenaH ³
GgÁFatuelIseGLicRtugcMnYn n eyIg)n ³ q = nq e
eday ³ −19
q = −e = −1.6 × 10 C , n = 5 × 10
e
8
eyIg)n ³ −19
q = −1.6 × 10 C × 5 × 10 = −8 × 10 9 −10
C
dUcenH ³ q = −8 × 10 C −10
2 > GgÁFatumYymanbnÞúkGKÁisnI q = −2 × 10 C . KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNucmYysßit

−8
cm¶ay r = 10 cm BIcMNuc bnÞúk q rYcKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIbBa¢ak; .

dMeNaH¨say
KNnaEdnGKÁisnI³
q
tamrUbmnþ ³ E = 9 × 10 9
r2
eday ³ q = −2 × 10 −8 C , r = 10cm = 0.1m
− 2 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 109
(0.1)
= 1.8 × 10 V / m
2
4
dUcenH ³ E = 1.8 × 10 V / m
4
q
E
* KUsKMnUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnI ³ −
r
bnÞúk q < 0 viucT½rEdnGKÁisnImanTisedAcUlp©it .
1 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

3 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man Q sßitRtg;cMNuc O begáItEdnGKÁisnI 5×10 V/mRtg; M . 3
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaybnÞúk Q Rtg;cMNuc N Edl ON = OM 3

.
x > cUrKUsEdnGKÁisnIEdllbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk Q Rtg;cMNuc M nigcMNuc N .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaybnÞúk Q Rtg;cMNuc N ³

-EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ³ E = 9 × 10 OMQ
M
9
2
Q
-EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc N ³ E N = 9 × 10 9
ON 2
eday ³ ON =
OM
3
Q Q
eyIg)n ³ E N = 9 × 10 9 2
= 9 × 9 × 10 9
OM 2
= 9EM
⎛ OM ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3 ⎠
smmUl ³ E = 9 × 5 × 10 = 45 × 10 V / m
N
3 3
dUcenH ³ E = 45 × 10 V / m
N
3
x > KUsEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M nigcMNuc N ³

O (q ) N EN M EM
−
4 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIRtemac q = +10 CRtg;cMNuc O. cMNucbnÞúk q begáItEdn

–8
GKÁisnI E = 9 ×10 V.m Rtg;cMNuc M Edlsßitcm¶ay r = OM BIcMNuc O .

3 -1
KNnacm¶ay r .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnacm¶ay r ³
q q
tamrUbmnþ ³ E = 9 × 10 9
r 2
naM[ ³ r = 9 × 10 9
E
eday ³ q = +10 −8 C , E = 9 × 10 3 V / m
10 −8
eyIg)n ³ r = 9 × 10 9
9 × 10 3
= 0.1m

dUcenH ³ r = 0.1m
5 >EsV‘relah³mYymanbnÞúkGKÁisnI q vabegáItEdnGKÁisnI E = 4.5 × 10 V / m Rtg;cMNuc 4
mYyEdlsßitcm¶ay 10 cm BI cMNucbnÞúk q . KNnacMNucbnÞúk q .

dMeNaH¨say
KNnacMNucbnÞúk q ³
q Er 2
tamrUbmnþ ³ E = 9 × 10
r
9
naM[ ³
2
q =
9 × 10 9
eday ³ E = 4.5 × 10 V / m , r = 10cm = 0.1m
4
4.5 × 10 × (0.1)
4 2
eyIg)n ³ q =
9 × 10
= 5 × 10 C
9
−8
dUcenH ³ q = ±5 × 10 C −8
6 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = + 2 × 10 C nig q = - 5 × 10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl

A
-8
B
-8
AB = 20cm .
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc A nigKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIenH.

x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc B nigKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIenH.
K > KNnakmøaMgGnþrkmμrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc A nigKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIenH ³

EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc A begáIteLIgedaybnÞúk q EdncUlp©it eyIg)n B ³
qB
E A / qB = 9 × 10 9
AB 2
eday ³ q B = −5 × 10 −8 C , AB = 20cm = 0.2m
− 5 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ E A / qB = 9 × 10 9
(0.2) 2
= 11250V / m
dUcenH ³ E A / qB = 11250V / m
A( q A ) E A / q B (q B )
B

KMnUstag ³ + −
x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc B nigKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIenH ³

EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc A begáIteLIgedaybnÞúk q EdncUlp©it eyIg)n B ³
qA
E B / q A = 9 × 10 9
AB 2
eday ³ q A = +2 × 10 −8 C , AB = 20cm = 0.2m
2 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 10
B / qA
9
(0.2)
= 4500V / m
2
dUcenH ³ E = 4500V / m
B / qA
A( q ) E A E B / q A B (q B )
KMnUstag ³
A / qB
+ −
K > KNnakmøaMgGnþrkmμrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ F =F
A/ B = q E
B/ A A A / qB
eday ³ E = 11250V / m , q = +2 × 10 C
A / qB A
−8
eyIg)n ³ F =F
A/ B
−8
= 2 × 10 × 11250 = 2.25 × 10
B/ A
−4
N
dUcenH ³ F =F
A/ B = 2.25 × 10 N
B/ A
−4
7 > eKmanEsV‘rBIrmanm:asGacecal)n manbnÞúkGKÁisnIerogKña q = + 2 × 10 C nig 1

-6
q = + 8 × 10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl AB = 10 cm .

2
-6
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuckNþal M éncMNuc A nig B .

x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc N EdlsßitelIExSEkgCamYybnÞat; (AB ) Rtg;
cMNuc M cm¶ay 5 cm BIcMNuc M .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuckNþal M ³ A( q1 ) E M E1 B (q 2 )
+ +
Rtg;cMNuc M rgEdnGKÁisnIBIrKW ³ E2
q1
- E EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk q Edncakp©it
1 1 ³ E1 = 9 × 10 9
AM 2

eday ³ q 1 = + 2 × 10 - 6 C , AM =
AB 10cm
2
=
2
= 5cm = 0.05m
2 × 10 −6
eyIg)n ³ E1 = 9 × 10 9
(0.05) 2
= 7.2 × 10 6 V / m
q2
- E EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk q Edncakp©it ³
2 2 E 2 = 9 × 10 9
BM 2
eday ³ q = + 2 × 10 C , BM = AM = 0.5m
1
-6
8 × 10 −6
eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 10
2
9
(0.05)
= 2.88 × 10 V / m
2
7
eyIg)nEdnpÁÜbRtg;cMNuc M ³ E = E + E $ E = E 1 2 2 − E1 ( E 1 ↑↓ E 2 )
smmUl ³ E = 2.88 × 10 − 7.2 × 10 = 2.16 × 10 V / m

7 6 7
dUcenH ³ E = 2.16 × 10 V / m7
E
x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc N ³ E 2
Rtg;cMNuc N rgEdnGKÁisnIBIrKW ³ E1
1 1
N
q1
E 1 = 9 × 10 9 2
AN A( q1 ) B (q 2 )
eday ³ q 1 = + 2 × 10 C -6 +
M
+
AN 2 = AM 2 + MN 2 = (0.05m) 2 + (0.05m) 2 = 5 × 10 −3 m 2
2 × 10 −6
eyIg)n ³ E1 = 9 × 10 9
5 × 10 −3
= 3.6 × 10 6 V / m
q2
2 2 E 2 = 9 × 10 9
BN 2
eday ³ q = + 2 × 10 C , BN = AN = 5 × 10
1
-6 2 2 −3
m2
8 × 10 −6
eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 10
2
5 × 10
9
= 1.44 × 10 V / m
−3
7
eyIg)nEdnpÁÜbRtg;cMNuc M ³ E = E + E 1 2
smmUl ³ E = E + E + 2 E E cos(45 × 2)
2
1
2 2
2 1 ( AM = BM = MN )
2
0
naM[ ³ E = E + E = (3.6 × 10 ) + (1.44 × 10 ) = 1.48 × 10 V / m

1
2 2
2
6 2 7 2 7

dUcenH ³ E = 1.48 × 10 V / m
7
8 > enAelIkMBUlénkaer ABCD EdlmanrgVas;RCug a =10 2 cm eKdak;cMNucbnÞúk

GKÁisnIerogKña q ,2q ,3q ,4q .
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNucp©it O énkaer ABCD ebI q = 10 C . -7
x > eKdak;bnÞúk q' = -10 C Rtg;cMNuc O etIkmøaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIcMNucbnÞúk

-8
GKÁisnI q' manTisedA dUcemþc ? KNnaGaMgtg;sIuetkmøaMgenH .

dMeNaH¨say A(q ) B (2q )
+ +
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNucp©it O ³ EC
E
ED
Rtg;cMNuc M rgEdnGKÁisnIBIrKW ³ E AC E BD
- E EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk q Edncakp©it³
A
EB
O
EA
q
E A = 9 × 10 9
OA 2 + +
- E EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk 2q Edncakp©it³
B D (4q ) C ( 3q )
2q
E B = 9 × 10 9 2
= 2E A ( OB = OA )
OB
C
3q
E C = 9 × 10 9 2
= 3E A ( OC = OA )
OC
D
4q
E D = 9 × 10 9 2
= 4EA ( OD = OA )
OD
eyIg)nEdnGKÁisnIpÁÜbRtg; O ³ E=E +E +E +E A B C D
smmUl ³ E = (E + E ) + (E + E ) = E + E
A C B D AC BD
naM[ ³ E= E +E 2
AC (E ⊥E )
2
BD AC BD
eday ³ E =E +E
AC A $ E = E − E = 3E
C AC C A A − E A = 2E A
E =E +E
BD B $ E = E − E = 4E
D BD D B A − 2E A = 2E A

q
eyIg)n ³ E = (2 E A ) 2 + (2 E A ) 2 = 2 E A 2 = 2 2 × 9 × 10 9
OA 2
eday ³ q = +10 −7 C
AC a 2 10 2cm × 2
OA = = = = 10cm = 0.1m
2 2 2
10 −7
eyIg)n ³ E = 2 2 × 9 × 10 9
(0.1) 2
= 2.54 × 10 5 V / m
dUcenH ³ E = 2.54 × 10 V / m
5
x > kMNt;TisedAkmøaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIbnÞúk q’ ³
eday q'< 0 enaHbnÞúk q' rgkmøaMgEdlmanTisedApÞúyBIiTisedAEdnGKÁisnI .
* KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlbnÞúk q ' rg ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = q' E
eday ³ q ' = −10 −8 C , E = 2.54 × 10 5 V / m
eyIg)n ³ F = − 10 −8 × 2.54 × 10 5 = 2.54 × 10 −3 N
dUcenH ³ F = 2.54 × 10 −3 N
9 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = + 2 ×10 C nig q = + 8 ×10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl

A
-8
B
-8
AB = 12 cm .
k > kMNt;ykTisedAvuicT½rÉktaBIcMNuc A eTAcMNuc B . cUrsresrkenSamviucT½r

EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúkq Rtg;cMNuc B .
A
x > cUrsresrkenSamvuicT½rkmøaMgGnþrkmμKULMúrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr .
K > KNnakmøaMgGnþrkmμKULMúrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr .
dMeNaH¨say
E A A( q A ) B (q B ) E B
k > sresrkenSamviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc B ³ + +
i
eday i manTisedABI A eTA B eyIg)nkenSamviucT½rRtg;cMNuc B ³ E B = 9 × 10 9
qA
AB 2
i
eday ³ −8
q = +2 × 10 C , AB = 12cm = 0.12m
A

−8
2 × 10
eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 10
B
9
i = (1.25 × 10 V / m )i
2
4
0.12
dUcenH ³ E = (1.25 × 10 V / m ) i
B
4
x > kenSamvuicT½rkmøaMgGnþrkmμKULMúrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr ³
eyIg)nkenSamviucT½rRtg;cMNuc A ³ E = −9 × 10 AB A
q
i 9 B
2
eday ³ −8
q = +8 × 10 C , AB = 12cm = 0.12m
B
−8
8 × 10
eyIg)n ³ E = −9 × 10 ×
A
9
i = −(5 × 10 V / m )i
2
4
0.12
dUcenH ³ E = −(5 × 10 V / m ) i
A
4
K > KNnakmøaMgGnþrkmμKULMúrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ F =F = q E
A B A A
eday ³ E = (1.25 × 10 V / m ) i
B
4
$ E = 1.25 × 10 V / m B
4
q A = +2 × 10 −8 C
eyIg)n ³ FA = FB = 2 × 10 −8 × 1.25 × 10 4 = 2.5 × 10 −4 N
dUcenH ³ FA = FB = 2.5 × 10 −4 N
10 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = + 2 ×10 C nig q = + 8 ×10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl

A
-8
B
-8
AB = 12 cm . kMNt;cMNuc M edIm,I[EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIrRtg; M
mantémøsUnü .
dMeNaH¨say
A( q A ) M B (q B )
+ +
kMNt;cMNuc M edIm,I[EdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnü ³ E EB A
eday q q > 0 enaHEdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M luHRtaEt M sßitcenøaH AB . Rtg;

A B
cMNuc M manEdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúkBIrKW ³
q
A A E = 9 × 10 ×
AM
A
9 A
2
qB
- E EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk q Edncakp©it
B B ³ E B = 9 × 10 9 ×
BM 2

EdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M eyIg)n ³ EA + EB = 0 $ E A = EB
q qB BM 2 qB
smmUl ³ 9 × 10 ×
AM
9
= 9 × 10
A
2
9
×
BM 2
$ AM 2
=
qA
eday ³ q A = +2 × 10 −8 C , q B = +8 × 10 −8 C
BM 2 8 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ AM 2
=
2 × 10 −8
=4 naM[ ³ BM = 2 AM
m:üageTot ³ AM + BM = AB = 12cm smmUl³ AM + 2 AM = 12cm

naM[ ³ AM =
12cm
3
= 4cm
dUcenHEdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M luHRtaEtcMNuc M sßitcenøaH AB cm¶ay 4cm BI

cMNuc A .
11 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = - 1 ×10 C nig q = + 4 ×10 C sßitRtg; Anig B Edl
A
-8
B
-8
AB = 30 cm .
kMNt;cMNuc M edIm,I[EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIrmantémøsUnü .
dMeNaH¨say
M A(q A ) B( q B )
+
kMNt;cMNuc M edIm,I[EdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnü ³ E E B A
−
eday q q < 0 enaHEdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M luHRtaEt M sßiteRkA AB . Rtg;

A B
cMNuc M manEdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúkBIrKW ³
q
A A E = 9 × 10 ×
AM
A
9 A
2
qB
- E EdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk q EdncUlp©it
B B ³ E B = 9 × 10 9 ×
BM 2
EdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M eyIg)n ³ E A + EB = 0 $ E A = EB
q q BM 2 qB
smmUl ³ 9 × 10 ×
AM
9
= 9 × 10 ×
A
2
BM
9 B
2
$ AM 2
=
qA
eday ³ q A = −1 × 10 −8 C , q B = +4 × 10 −8 C
BM 2 4 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ AM 2
=
− 1 × 10 −8
=4 naM[ ³ BM = 2 AM

m:üageTot ³ BM − AM = AB = 10cm smmUl³ 2 AM − AM = 10cm
naM[ ³ AM = 10cm $ BM = 2 × 10cm = 20cm
cMNuc A nig 20cm BIcMNuc B .
12 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = - 9 ×10 C nig q = + 16 ×10 C Rtg; A nig B
A
-8
B
-8
Edl AB = 5 cm . KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M mYyEdlsßitcm¶ay 3 cm BIcMNuc A

nig 4 cm BIcMNuc B .
dMeNaH¨say A( q A ) B (q B )
− +
KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ³ EA
Rtg;cMNuc M rgEdnGKÁisnIBIrKW ³ E
- E EdlGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk q EdncUlp©it ³
A A
M
EB
qA
E A = 9 × 10 9
2
AM
eday ³ q A = − 9 × 10 - 8 C , AM = 3cm = 3 × 10 -2 m
− 9 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ E A = 9 × 10 9
= 9 × 10 5 V / m
(3 × 10 ) −2 2
- E EdlGKÁisnIbegáItedaycMNucbnÞúk q Edncakp©it ³
B B
qB
E B = 9 × 10 9 2
BM
eday ³ q A = + 16 × 10 - 8 C , BM = 4cm = 4 × 10 -2 m
16 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ E A = 9 × 10 9
= 9 × 10 5 V / m
(4 × 10 ) −2 2
eyIg)nEdnpÁÜbRtg;cMNuc M ³ E = E + E 1 2
smmUl ³ E = E + E + 2 E E cos( E , E )
2
1
2 2
2 1 2 A B
m:üageTot ³ 3 +4 =5
2 2 2
smmUl ³ AM 2 + BM 2 = AB 2

eyIg)nRtIekaN ABM EkgRtg; M ³ E =E +E 2
1
2 2
2 ( cos( E A , E B ) = cos 90 0 )
naM[ ³ E = E + E = (9 × 10 ) + (9 × 10 )
1
2 2
2
5 2 5 2
= 1.27 × 10 6 V / m
dUcenH ³ E = 1.27 × 10 V / m6
13 > cenøaHGam:atYénkugdg;saT½rmYymanplsgb:Utg;Esül ΔV = 220V . KNnaEdn

GKÁisnIÉksNæancenøaHGam:atYkugdg;saT½r ebIGam:atYTaMgBIrmancm¶ayBIKña 2 mm .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnaEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæancenøaHGam:atYkugdg;saT½r ³
ΔV
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
d
eday ³ ΔV = 220V , d = 2mm = 2 × 10 m −3
eyIg)n ³ E=
220
2 × 10
= 1.1 × 10 V / m
−3
5
dUcenH ³ E = 1.1 × 10 V / m
5
14 > eKbegáIt[manplsgb:Utg;Esül ΔV = 3000V rvagbnÞHelah³RsbKñaEdlsßit

cm¶ayBIKña d = 20 cm . cUrkMNt;lkçN³viucT½rEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr .
dMeNaH¨say
kMNt;lkçN³viucT½rEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
ΔV
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
d
eday ³ ΔV = 3000V , d = 20cm = 0.20m
eyIg)n ³ E=
3000V
0.20m
= 1.5 × 10 V / m
4
dUcenHEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIrCaEdnÉksNæanEdlman ³
- TisEkgCamYybnÞHelah³TaMgBIr
- TisedABIb:Utg;Esülx<s;eTATab $BIGam:atYviC¢maneTAGam:atYGviC¢man
-GaMgtg;sIuet ³ E = 1.5 × 10 V / m
4

15 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIRtem:acmYy q sßitkñúgsuBaØakas .
k > cUrsresrkenSamviucT½EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M mYyEdlsßitcm¶ay r BIcMNuc
bnÞúk q .
x > KNnaGaMgsIuetEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ebI q = 10 C nig r = 20 cm . -7
dMeNaH¨say
k > sresrkenSamviucT½EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ³
kMNt;ykviucT½rÉkta u manTiscakp©it eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 10 9
q
r2
u
x > KNnaGaMgsIuetEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ³
q
eyIgman ³ E = 9 × 10
r
q
9
u 2
smmUl ³ E = 9 × 10 9
r2
eday ³ −7
q = 10 C , r = 20cm = 0.20m
10 −7
eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 10 9
(0.20) 2
= 2.25 × 10 4 V / m
dUcenH ³ E = 2.25 × 10 4 V / m
16 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnImYy q = 10 CsßitRtg;cMNuc A ( 2cm ,1cm) kñúgtMruykUGredaen.

-8
k > cUrKUsKMnUstagviucT½EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ( 5cm , 5cm ).

x > KNnaGaMgsIuetEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KUsKMnUstagviucT½EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ( 5cm , 5cm )³

eyIgman q = 10 C > 0 EdnGKÁisnImanTisedAcakp©it .
−8
y (cm ) E
5 M
A
1 +
O 2 5 x (cm )
x > KNnaGaMgsIuetEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ³
q
tamrUbmnþ ³ E = 9 × 10
AM
9
2
eday ³ AM = ( x − x ) + ( y − y ) = (5 − 2)
2
M A
2
M A
2 2
+ (5 − 1) 2 = 25cm 2 = 25 × 10 −4 m 2
q = 10 −8 C
10 −8
eyIg)n ³ E = 9 × 10 9
25 × 10 − 4
= 3.6 × 10 4 V / m
dUcenH ³ E = 3.6 × 10 4 V / m
17 > cenøaHGam:atYénkugdg;saT½rbøg;mYymanEdnGKÁisnI 3 ×10 5

V/m . eKdak;cMNuc
bnÞúkGKÁisnI q = 10 nC kñúgEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæanxagelI .
KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdnbnÞúk q rg .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdnbnÞúk q rg ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = qE
eday ³ −9
q = 10nC = 10 × 10 C , E = 3 × 10 V / m 5
eyIg)n ³ −9
F = 10 × 10 × 3 × 10 = 3 × 10 N 5 −3
dUcenH ³ F = 3 × 10 N −3
18 > EsV‘rtUcmYymanm:as m = 0.05g pÞúkGKÁisnI q = + 5×10 C RtUv)nBüÜredayExSmin -9
yWt nigminKitm:asbegáItCae):lsßitkñúgEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæanEdlmanTisedkRsbnwg
épÞEdndI manGaMgtg;sIuet E = 3.5 ×10 V/m . 4
KNnamMulMgak α énExSe):leFobnwgTisQr .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnamMulMgak α énExSe):leFobnwgTisQr ³
e):lrgkmøaMgbIKW ³
- T tMNwgExS O
- W Tm¶n;e):l ³ W = mg
E
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnI` ³ F = qE
α
T
e):lmanlMnwgeyIg)n ³ T +W + F = 0 A F
smmUl ³ T+R=0 α
R
W
qE
kñúgRtIekaNEkg ARW ³ tan α = WF = mg
eday ³ −9
q = +5 × 10 C , E = 3.5 × 10 V / m , m = 0.05 g = 5 × 10 kg
4 −5
5 × 10 −9 × 3.5 × 10 4
eyIg)n ³ tan α = −5
5 × 10 × 9.8
= 0.357 = tan 19.65 0
dUcenH ³ α ≈ 20 0
19 > EsV‘rtUcmYymanm:as m = 1 mg pÞúkGKÁisnI q = - 5×10 CRtUv)nBüÜredayExSminyWt

-8
nigmanm:asGacecal)n . m:as m begáItCae):lGKÁisnIkñúgEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæanEdl

manTisedkTisedABIeqVgeTAsþaM RsbnwgépÞEdndImanGaMgtg;sIuet E = 2 ×10 V/m . 4
k > KUssßanPaBkmøaMgEdle):lrg .
x > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlmanGMeBIelIe):l .
K > KNnamMulMgakrbs;ExSe):leFobnwgTItaMglMnwg .
X > KNnatMNwgExSe):l .
dMeNaH¨say
O
k > KUssßanPaBkmøaMgEdle):lrg ³
e):lrgkmøaMgbIKW ³ T α E
- T tMNwgExS F A( q < 0)
- W Tm¶n;e):l ³ W = mg α
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnI` ³ F = qE
R W

e):lmanlMnwgeyIg)n ³ T +W + F = 0
x > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlmanGMeBIelIe):l ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = qE
eday ³ −8
q = −5 × 10 C , E = 2 × 10 V / m 4
eyIg)n ³ −8
F = − 5 × 10 × 2 × 10 = 10 N 4 3
dUcenH ³ F = 10 N3
K > KNnamMulMgakrbs;ExSe):leFobnwgTItaMglMnwg ³
kñúgRtIekaNEkg ARW ³ tan α = WF = mg F
eday ³ F = 10 N , g = 9.8 N / kg , m = 1mg = 10

3 −6
kg
3
eyIg)n ³ tan α =
10
10 × 9.8
= 1 = tan 45
−6
0
dUcenH ³ α = 45 0
20 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = +5nC nig q' = −7nC sßitkñúgsuBaØakascm¶ayBIKña r rg

kmøaMgTMnajskl F = 3.5 × 10 N . −4
cUrKNnacm¶ayrvagcMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnITaMgBIr .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnacm¶ayrvagcMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnITaMgBIr ³
q × q' q × q'
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = 9 × 10 9
r 2
naM[ ³ r = 9 × 10 9
F
eday ³ q = +5nC = +5 × 10 −9 C , q' = +5nC = +5 × 10 −9 C , F = 3.5 × 10 −4 N
5 × 10 −9 × −7 × 10 −9
eyIg)n ³ r = 9 × 10 9
3.5 × 10 − 4
= 0.03m = 3cm
dUcenH ³ r = 3cm

21 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnI q kñúgEdnGKÁisnI 2 ×10 V/mrgkmøaMgGKÁisnI 5×10
4 -5
N .
KNnacMNucbnÞúk GKÁisnI q .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnacMNucbnÞúk GKÁisnI q ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = qE naM[ ³ q =
F
E
eday ³ −5
F = 5 × 10 N , E = 2 × 10 V / m 4
−5
5 × 10
eyIg)n ³ q =
2 × 10
= 2.5 × 10 C
4
−9
dUcenH ³ q = ±2.5 × 10 C −9
22 > EsV‘relah³tUcmanbnÞúkGKÁisnIerogKña ³ q = +2×10 C nig q = +4.5×10 CEsV‘r

A
-7
B
-7
TaMgBIrrgkmøaMgGnþrkmμ F = 0.1 N sßitkñúgsuBaØakas . KNnacm¶ayrvagEsV‘rTaMgBIr .

dMeNaH¨say
KNnacm¶ayrvagEsV‘rTaMgBIr ³
q A × qB q A × qB
r 2
naM[ ³ r = 9 × 10 9
F
eday ³ q A = +2 × 10 −7 C , q B = +4.5 × 10 −7 C , F = 0.1 N
2 × 10 −7 × 4.5 × 10 −7
eyIg)n ³ r = 9 × 10 9
0.1
= 9 × 10 − 2 m = 9cm
dUcenH ³ r = 9cm
23 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢manBIr Q nig Q' sßitcm¶ayBIKña r rgkmøaMgGnþrkmμGKÁisnI

F = 10 N .KNnakmøaMgGnþrkmμGKÁisnIrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr ebIeKdak;cMNucbnÞúkTaMg
-4
BIrcm¶ayBIKña r' Edl r ' = 3r .

dMeNaH¨say
KNnakmøaMgGnþrkmμGKÁisnIrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr ³

Q × Q'
-eBlbnÞúkGKÁisnITaMgBIrsßitcm¶ayBIKña r ³ F = 9 × 10 9
r 2
= 10 − 4 N
Q × Q'
-eBlbnÞúkGKÁisnITaMgBIrsßitcm¶ayBIKña r’ ³ F ' = 9 × 10 9
r '2
eday ³ r' =
r
3
Q × Q' Q × Q'
eyIg)n ³ F ' = 9 × 10 9 2
= 9 × 9 × 10 9 2
= 9 F = 9 × 10 − 4 N
⎛r⎞ r
⎜ ⎟
⎝3⎠
dUcenH ³ F ' = 9 × 10 −4 N
24 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man q = 10 C dUcKñabIelIkMBUlRtIekaNsm½gS ABC

-6
EdlmanrgVas;RCug a =10 2 cm sßit kñúgsuBaØakas.

k > cUrKNnakmøaMgEdlbnÞúkGKÁisnInImYy²rg .
x > eRbobeFobkmøaMgGKÁisnI nigkmøaMgTMnajEpndIelIEsV‘rnImYy² ebIcMNucbnÞúk q
manm:as m = 10 Kg .
-3
K > cUreFVIkarsnñidæanGMBIlT§plénpleFobkmøaMgGKÁisnI nigkmøaMgTMnajskl .

dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnakmøaMgEdlbnÞúkGKÁisnInImYy²rg ³ E
eyIgsegáteXIjbnÞúkGKÁisnInImYy²rgkmøaMgGKÁisnI EA
EB
dUc²Kña¬sikSabnÞúkRtg; C ¦ ³ + C (q )
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnIRcanedaybnÞúk q dak;Rtg; A ³
A
q×q
F A = 9 × 10 9 A(q ) B (q )
a2
+ +
eday ³ q = + 10 - 6 C , a = 10 2cm = 10 2 × 10 m -2 a
10 − 6 × 10 − 6
eyIg)n ³ F A = 9 × 10 9
= 0 . 45 N
(1 0 2 × 10 ) -2 2
q×q
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnIRcanedaybnÞúk q dak;Rtg; B ³ F
B B = 9 × 10 9
a2
= FA

eyIg)nkmøaMgGKÁisnIpÁÜbRtg;cMNuc C ³ F = F + F A B
smmUl ³ F = F + F + 2 F F cos 60
2 2
A
2
B A B
0
naM[ ³ F = F + F + F F = F 3 (F
2
A
2
B A B A A = FB )
eday ³ F = 0 . 45 N
A
eyIg)n ³ F = F 3 = 0.45 3 N
A
dUcenH ³ F = 0.45 3 N
25 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = +2×10 C nig q = -24×10 C Rtg;cMNuc Anig B

A
-7
B
-7
Edl AB = 5 cm kñúgmCÄdæanEdlmanEBmITIvIeteFob ε = 2.5 . enARtg; cMNuc M mYysßit r
cm¶ay 3cmBIcMNuc A nig 4 cm BIcMNuc B eKdak; cMNucbnÞúk q = 10 -9 C .

KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdl cMNucbnÞúk q rg .
dMeNaH¨say
A( q A ) B (q B )
KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdl cMNucbnÞúk q rg ³ + −
εr FB
cMNucbnÞúk q rgkmøaMgGKÁisnIBIrKW ³
+
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnIRcanedaybnÞúk q ³
A A
M F
qA × q
F A = 9 × 10 9
ε r AM 2 FA
eday ³ q A = +2 × 1 0 - 7 C , q = 1 0 - 9 C , AM = 3cm = 3 × 10 -2 m , ε r = 2.5
2 × 10 − 7 × 10 − 9
eyIg)n ³ F A = 9 × 10 9
= 8 × 10 − 4 N
(
2 . 5 3 × 10 -2 2
)
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnITajedaybnÞúk q ³ F = 9 × 10 εq BM× q
B B B
9 B
2
r
eday ³ q = −24 × 1 0 C , q = 1 0 C , BM = 4cm = 4 × 10

A
-7 -9 -2
m , ε r = 2.5
− 24 × 10 − 7 × 10 − 9
eyIg)n ³ F A = 9 × 10 9
= 5 . 4 × 10 − 3 N
(
2 . 5 4 × 10 -2 2
)
eyIg)nkmøaMgGKÁisnIpÁÜbRtg;cMNuc C ³ F = FA +FB

smmUl ³ F = F + F + 2 F F cos( F , F )
2 2
A
2
B A B A B
m:üageTot ³ 3 +4 =5
2 2
smmUl 2
³ AM + BM = AB 2 2 2
eyIg)nRtIekaN ABM EkgRtg; M ³ E =E +E ( cos( E , E ) = cos 90

2
1
2 2
2 A B
0
)
naM[ ³ F = F + F = (8 × 10 ) + (5.4 × 10 ) = 5.45 × 10 N

2
A B
2 −4 2 −3 2 −3
dUcenH ³ F = 5.45 × 10 N −3
26 > EsV‘rBIrmanm:asesμIKña manbnÞúkerogKñ q = -2×10 C nig q = + 8×10 C . eKdak;EsV‘r

A
-7
B
-7
TaMgBIr[b:HKña EsV‘rTaMgBIreFVIGKÁisnIkmμedayb:HrYcEsV‘rmanbrimaNbnÞúkfμI q' nig q' . A B
KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIénEsV‘rnImYy² eRkameBl b:HKña .

dMeNaH¨say
KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIénEsV‘rnImYy² eRkameBl b:HKña ³

eRkayeBlb:HKñaEsV‘rnImYy²manbnÞúkfμI ³
q A + q B − 2 × 10 −7 + 8 × 10 −7
q' A = q' B = = = +3 × 10 −7 C
2 2
dUcenH ³ q ' A = q ' B = +3 × 10 −7 C
27 > EsV‘relah³BIrb:unKñamanbnÞúkGKÁisnI q = -2×10 C nig q A

-8
B = + 3×10 -8 C . eKdak;EsV‘r
TaMgBI[b:HKñarYcdak; cm¶ay BIKña r = 50 cm cm¶ayrvagp©it .
KNnaGaMgtg;sIuetkmøaMgGnþrkmμKULMúrvagEsV‘rTaMgBIr .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIénEsV‘rnImYy² eRkameBl b:HKña ³

eRkayeBlb:HKñaEsV‘rnImYy²manbnÞúkfμI ³
q A + q B − 2 × 10 −7 + 3 × 10 −7
q' A = q' B = = = +5 × 10 −8 C
2 2
q ' A ×q 'B
eyIg)n ³ F = 9 × 10 9
r2
eday ³ r = 50cm = 0.50m , q ' A = q' B = +5 × 10 −7 C

5 × 10 − 7 × 5 × 10 − 7
eyIg)n ³ F = 9 × 10 9
( 0 . 50 ) 2
= 9 × 10 − 5 N
dUcenH ³ F = 9 × 10 − 5 N
28 > EsV‘relah³BIrb:unKñapÞúkGKÁisnviIC¢manq nigq rgkmøaMgRcanecj F = 180 NkalNa

A B
vasßitcm¶ayBIKña r = 20cm . eKdak;EsV‘rTaMgBIr[b:HKñarYcdak;cm¶ayBIKña r' = 10 cm varg

kmøaMgcRmanecj F' = 810 N . KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIénEsV‘rnImYy² q nig q . A B
dMeNaH¨say
KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIénEsV‘rnImYy² q nig q ³
A B
qA × qB
-eBlbnÞúkTaMgBIrsßitcm¶ayBIKña r ³ F = 9 × 10 9
r2
r2F
smmUl ³ q A × qB =
9 × 10 9
eday ³ F = 180 N , r = 20cm = 0.20m
0.2 × 180 2
eyIg)n ³ q ×q =
A B
9 × 10
= 8 × 109
−10
smmUl ³ q × q = 8 × 10
A B (1) −10
(q > 0 , q >0 ) A B
- eRkayeBlb:HKñaEsV‘rnImYy²manbnÞúkfμI ³ q' = q' = q +2 q A B

A B
q ' A ×q 'B (q A + q B ) 2
eyIg)n ³ F ' = 9 × 10 9
r '2
= 9 × 10 9
4 r '2
4r ' 2 F '
naM[ ³ q A + qB =
9 × 10 9
eday ³ F ' = 810 N , r ' = 10cm = 0.10m
4 × 0.12 × 810
eyIg)n ³ q A + qB =
9 × 10 9
= 6 × 10 −10 (2)
(1) nig (2) ³ q A × q B = 8 × 10 −10 q A × q B = +4 × 10 −5 × (+2 × 10 −5 )
q A + q B = 6 × 10 −10 $ q A + q B = +4 × 10 −5 + 2 × 10 −5
dUcenH ³
q A = +4 × 10 −5 C , q B = +2 × 10 −5 C $q A = +2 × 10 −5 C , q B = +4 × 10 −5 C

29 > EsV‘rBIrb:unKñamanm:asnImYy² m = 1 mg RtUv)nBüÜrnwgcMNucnwg O mYyedayExSsURt
BIrRbEvgesμIKña l = 50 cm Edlm:asénExSGacecal)n . kalNaEsV‘rTaMgBIrpÞúkGKÁisnI
viC¢mandUcKña q vaRcanKñaecjehIysßitkñúgTItaMg lMnwgmYymancm¶ayBIKña r = 7 cm .
k > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlEsV‘rnImYy²rg .
x > KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnI q énEsV‘rnImYy² .
K > KNnatMNwgExSEdlEsV‘rnImYy²rg .
dMeNaH¨say O
k > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlEsV‘rnImYy²rg ³
α
e):lrgkmøaMgbIKW ³
- T tMNwgExS B (q )
+
A(q )
+
F
H
q×q
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnI ³ F = 9 × 10 9
r2 α
- W Tm¶n;e):l ³ W = mg W
R
e):lmanlMnwgeyIg)n ³ T +W + F = 0 $ T+R=0
kñúgRtIekaNEkg AWR ³ tan α =

F
W
naM[ ³ F = mg tan α
r
kñúgRtIekaNEkg OHA ³ sin α =
AH 2 r
= = =
7
OA l 2l 2 × 50
= 0.07 = sin 4 0
eyIg)n ³ tan α = sin α = 0.07 ¬ α mMutUc¦
eday ³ −6
m = 1mg = 10 kg , g = 9.8 N / kg
eyIg)n ³ −6
F = 10 × 9.8 × 0.07 = 6.86 × 10 N −7
dUcenH ³ F = 6.86 × 10 N−7
x > KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnI q énEsV‘rnImYy² ³

q×q r 2F
r2
naM[ ³ q =
9 × 10 9
eday ³ F = 6.86 × 10 −7 N , r = 7cm = 7 × 10 −2 m

−2 −7
( 7 × 10 ) × 6 . 86 × 10 2
eyIg)n ³ q =
9 × 10
= 6 . 11 × 10 9
−10
C
eday q > 0 eyIg)n ³ q = 6 . 11 × 10 C − 10
K > KNnatMNwgExSEdlEsV‘rnImYy²rg ³
eyIgman ³ T+R=0 $ T=R
m:üaeTot ³ R =W + F naM[ ³ R= W +F 2 2
eday ³ −6
w = mg = 10 × 9.8 = 9.8 × 10 N , F = 6.86 × 10 N −6 −7
eyIg)n ³ −6 2
R = (9.8 × 10 ) + (6.86 × 10 ) = 9.82 × 10 N −7 2 −6
dUcenH ³ T = R = 9.82 × 10 N −6
30 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = +2×10 C nigq = +8×10 C Rtg;cMNuc A nig B Edl

A
-8
B
-8
AB = 12 cm .
k > kMNt;cMNuc M edIm,Idak;bnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man q Rtg;cMNuc M manlMnwg .

x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M .
dMeNaH¨say
k > kMNt;cMNuc M edIm,Idak;bnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man q Rtg;cMNuc M manlMnwg ³

eday q q > 0 enaHbnÞúk q manlMnwg
A B
A( q ) M (q) B (q B )
Rtg; M luHRtaEt M sßitcenøaH AB . bnÞúk q rg + +
A
+
F F B
kmøaMgGKÁisnI ³
A
q ×q
- F kmøaMgRcanedaybnÞúk q ³
A A F = 9 × 10 × A
AM
9 A
2
q ×q
- F kmøaMgRcanedaybnÞúk q ³
B BF = 9 × 10 ×
BM
B
9 B
2
EdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M eyIg)n ³ F +F =0 $ A B FA = FB
q ×q q ×q 2
qB
smmUl ³ 9 × 10 ×
AM
9
= 9 × 10 ×
A
2
BM
$ BM
AM
9 B
2 2
=
qA
eday ³ q A = +2 × 10 −8 C , q B = +8 × 10 −8 C

BM 2 8 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ AM 2
=
2 × 10 −8
=4 naM[ ³ BM = 2 AM

naM[ ³ AM =
12cm
3
= 4cm
dUcenHbnÞúk q manlMnwgRtg; M luHRtaEtbnÞúk q sßitRtg;cMNuc M cenøaH AB cm¶ay

4cm BI cMNuc A .
31 > GgÁFatucmøgtUcmYypÞúkGKÁisnI q sßitelIExSQrcm¶ay 5 cm eRkamGgÁFatumYyeTot

EdlmanbnÞúk q' = 5 μC eKsegáteXIjTm¶n;rbs;cMNucbnÞúk q fycuHGs; 25 N.
KNnabrimaNbnÞúk q .
dMeNaH¨say
KNnabrimaNbnÞúk q ³
eBlsßiteRkamcMNucbnÞúk q’ cMNucbnÞúk q fyTm¶n;Gs; 25N mann½yfabnÞúk q’
TajbnÞúk q eLIgelIedaykm¶aMgGKÁisnI 25N . eyIg)n ³
qq'
F = 9 × 10 9 × = 25 N
r2
25 N × r 2
naM[ ³ q =
9 × 10 9 q'
eday ³ r = 5cm = 5 × 10 −2 m , q ' = 5μC = 25 × 10 −6 C
25 N × (5 × 10 −2 ) 2
eyIg)n ³ q =
9 × 10 5 × 10
9 −6
= 2.77 × 10 −5 C
edaybnÞúk q’ > 0 TajbnÞúk q eyIg)n q < 0 ³ q = −2.77 × 10 −5 C
32 > eKGnuvtþnUvtg;süúgV =100V eTAnwgGam:atYTaMgBIrénkugdg;saT½rbøg;mYyEdlsßit

cm¶ayBIKña d = 2cm .
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr .
x > eKcg;begáItEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr 10 V / m vij etIeKRtUvkar
5

tg;süúgb:unμanv:ul .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
V
d
eday ³ V =100V , d = 2cm = 2 × 10 m −2
eyIg)n ³ E=
100V
2 × 10 m−2
= 5 × 10 V / m 3
dUcenH ³ E = 5 × 10 V / m
3
x > KNnatg;süúgEdlRtUvkar ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
V
d
naM[ ³ V = Ed
eday ³ E =10 V / m , d = 2 × 10 m
5 −2
eyIg)n ³ V = 10 V / m × 2 × 10 m = 2 × 10 V / m
5 −2 3
dUcenH ³ V = 2 × 10 V / m 3
33 > eGLicRtugmYyRtUv)n)j;cUleTAkñúgbnÞHRsbBIrEdlsßit A E B
cm¶ayBIKña d = 5cm manEdnGKÁisnI E =10 V / m edayel,Ón

4
v = 10 m / s nigmanTisEkgCamYYybnÞHTaMgBIr .
0
6
v 0
k > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBlecjBIEdnGKÁisnI .
x > KNnary³eBlEdleGLicRtugeFVIclnacenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr .
eK[ ³ m:aseGLicRtug m = 9.1× 10 kg nigbnÞúkeGLicRtug q = − 1.6 × 10 C .
e
−31
e
−19
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBlecjBIEdnGKÁisnI ³
-eBleFVIclnaBIbnÞH A eTA B eGLicRtugeFVI)nkmμnþ ³ W AB = qV AB
-kñúgEdnGKÁisnIeGLicRtugmanbERmbRmYlfamBlsIuenTic ³ ΔK =
1 2 1 2
2
mv − mv0
2

tamRTwsþIbTkmμnþ-famBl ³ qV AB =
1 2 1 2
2
mv − mv0
2
naM[ ³ v=
2qV AB
m
+ v02
eday ³ me = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg , q e = − 1.6 × 10 −19 C , v0 = 10 6 m / s
E=
VBA
d
$ V AB = −VBA = − Ed = −10 4 V / m × 5 × 10 −2 m = −50V
−19
2 × (−1.6 × 10 ) × (−50)
eyIg)n ³ v=
9.1 × 10
+ (10 ) = 4.31 × 10 m / s
−31
6 2 6
dUcenH ³ v = 4.31 × 10 m / s 6
x > KNnary³eBlEdleGLicRtugeFVIclnacenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
eGLicRtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIÉksNæanEdlmanTisedApÞúyEdnGKÁisnI vaeFVIclna
sÞúHesμI ³
v = at + v 0 $ t = v −av 0
q E q VBA
eday ³ a=
F
me
=
me
=
me d
m d (v − v 0 )
eyIg)n ³ t= e
q VBA
eday ³ me = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg , q e = − 1.6 × 10 −19 C ,VBA = 50V
v = 4.31 × 10 6 m / s , v0 = 10 6 m / s , d = 5 × 10 −2 m
9.1 × 10 −31 × 5 × 10 −2 × (4.31 × 10 6 − 10 6 )
eyIg)n ³ t=
− 1.6 × 10 −19
× 50
= 2.45 × 10 −14 s
dUcenH ³ t = 2.45 × 10 −14 s
34 > Gam:atYénkugdg;saT½rbøg;mYymancm¶ay d = 5cm BIKña . tg;süúgrvagGam:atYTaMgBIrKW

V = 4kV .
AB
k > KUsExSEdncenøaHGam:atYTaMgBIrRBmTaMgbBa¢ak;sBaØaénbnÞúkGKÁisnIelIGam:atY
nImYy² .
x > KNnatémøEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHGam:atYTaMgBIr .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KUsExSEdncenøaHGam:atYTaMgBIrRBmTaMgbBa¢ak;sBaØaénbnÞúkGKÁisnI³
eyIgman ³ V = V − V = 4kV > 0
AB A B
A
+
E B
−
naM[ ³ V >V A B
eyIg)nEdnGKÁisnImanTisedABI Gam:atY A eTA B . dUcenHGam:atY A pÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man

ÉGam:atY B pÞúkGKÁisnIGviC¢man .
x > KNnatémøEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHGam:atYTaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
VAB
d
eday ³ V = 4kV , d = 5cm
AB
4kV 4 × 10 3
eyIg)n ³ E= =
5cm 5 × 10
V / m = 8 × 10 V / m
−2
4
dUcenH ³ E = 8 × 10 V / m
4
35 > RbUtugmYyeFVIclnaBIbnÞH AeTAbnÞH BcUlkñúgEdnGKÁisnI ÉksNæanrvagbnÞHelah³

TaMgBIredayKμanel,ÓnedIm tamTisRsbnwgExSEdnGKÁisnIEdlbegáIteLIgedaytg;süúg
V = 100V nigminKitTm¶n;RbUtug .
AB A B
k > kMNt;EdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ebI AB = 5cm .

x > KNnasMTuHrbs;RbUtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI .
K > kMNt;smIkarclnarbs;RbUtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI .
eK[ ³ m:asRbUtug m =1.67 × 10 kg nigbnÞúkeGLicRtug q = +e = + 1.6 × 10 C .
p
−27
p
−19
dMeNaH¨say
k > kMNt;EdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
V
d
AB
eday ³ V =100V , d = AB = 5cm = 5 × 10

AB
−2
m

eyIg)n ³ E=
100V
5 × 10 m −2
= 2 × 10 V / m 3
dUcenH ³ E = 2 × 10 V / m
3
x > KNnasMTuHrbs;RbUtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ a= =
F qV
m m
AB
eday ³ q = q = +e = + 1.6 × 10 C , m = m = 1.67 × 10 kg , V = 100V

p
−19
p
−27
AB
−19
1.6 × 10 × 100
eyIg)n ³ a=
1.67 × 10
= 9.58 × 10 m / s
− 27
9 2
dUcenH ³ a = 9.58 × 10 m / s 9 2
K > kMNt;smIkarclnarbs;RbUtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI ³
RbUtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIefrmanTisedAdUcel,ÓnedImtamEtG½kSedkeyIg)n³
1 2 1
x= at + v 0 t + x0 = at 2 + v0 t ( x0 = 0 )
2 2
eday ³ a = 9.58 × 10 9 m / s 2 , v0 = 0
eyIg)n ³ x=
1
2
× 9.58 × 10 9 t 2 = 4.79 × 10 9 t 2
dUcenH ³ x = 4.79 × 10 9 t 2
36 > eGLicRtugmYycUlRtg;cMNucOeTAkñúgbnÞHQrBIrénkugdg;saT½rbøg;mYydUcrUbeday
el,ÓnedIm v =10 m / s . bnÞHQrTaMgBIrmanplsgb:Utg;Esül V = 182V cm¶ay
0
6
BA
A B
rvagGam:atYénkugdg;saT½r d = 10cm .
k > cUrbBa¢ak;eQøaHGam:atYpÞúkbnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man . etIEdn O v 0
GKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIrCaEdndUcemþc ?
x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr .
K > cUrkMNt;Rb ePTclna nigsmIkarclnarbs;eGLicRtug ebITm¶n;eGLicRtug
Gacecal)nebIeFobnwgkmøaMgGKÁisnI .
dMeNaH¨say

k > bBa¢ak;eQøaHGam:atYpÞúkbnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man ³
eyIgman ³ V = V − V = 182V > 0 $ V > V
BA B A B A
dUcenHGam:atY B pÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man ÉGam:atY A pÞúkGKÁisnIGviC¢man .

* bBa¢ak;EdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
EdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIrCaEdnÉksNæanEdlmanExSEdnRsb³Kña
Tis TisedA nigtémødUc²KñaRKb;cMNucTaMgGs; .
x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
BA V
d
eday ³ V =182V , d = 10cm = 0.10m
BA
eyIg)n ³ E=
182V
0.10m
= 1820V / m
dUcenH ³ E = 1820V / m
K > cUrkMNt;Rb ePTclna ³

eBleFVIclnacUlkñúgEdnGKÁisnI eGLicRtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlmanTisedApÞúy
BIEdnGKÁisnI ( q < 0 ) . edayEdnmanTisedABI B eTA A (V > V ) enAkmøaMmanTisedA
B B
dUcel,ÓnedIm .
dUcenHeGLicRtugmanclnasÞúHesμI (v a > 0) .
0
* smIkarclnarbs;eGLicRtug ³
eGLicRtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIefrmanTisedAdUcel,ÓnedImtamEtG½kSedkeyIg)n³
1 2 1
x= at + v 0 t + x0 = at 2 + v0 t ( x0 = 0 )
2 2
F qE
eday ³ a= =
m m
1 qE 2
eyIg)n ³ x= ×
2 m
t + v0 t
eday ³ E = 1820V / m , v0 = 10 6 m / s , q = −1.6 × 10 −19 C , m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg

−19
1 − 1.6 × 10 × 1820 2
eyIg)n ³ x= ×
2 9.1 × 10 −31
t + 10 6 t = 1.6 × 1014 t 2 + 10 6 t
dUcenH ³ x = 1.6 × 1014 t 2 + 10 6 t
37 > GIy:ug H mYymanm:as m =1.67 × 10 kg eFVIclnacUlkñúgcenøaHbnÞHRsbBIrEdl

+
p
−27
sßitcm¶ayBIKña d = 10cm . edayel,Ón v =10 km / s EdlmanTisEkgnwgbnÞHTaMgBIr

0
3
dUcrUb Edlmanplsgb:Utg;Esül V = 10kV . AB

A B
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr . O v O' 0
x > KNnasMTuHGIuy:ug H clnacenøaHGam:atYTaMgBIr .

+
K > KNnafamBlsIeu nTic K eBlRbUtugqøgkat;cMNuc O' .

dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
V
d
AB
eday ³ V =10kV , d = 10cm

AB
10kV 1 × 10 3
eyIg)n ³ E= =
10cm 1 × 10
V / m = 10 V / m −2
5
dUcenH ³ E = 10 V / m 5
x > KNnasMTuHGIuy:ug H ³
+
F qE
tamrUbmnþ ³ a=
m
=
m
eday ³ E = 10 5 V / m , m = m p = 1.67 × 10 −27 kg , q = +1e = +1.6 × 10 −19 C
1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 5
eyIg)n ³ a=
1.67 × 10
= 9.58 × 10
− 27
12
m / s2
dUcenH ³ a = 9.58 × 10 m / s 12 2
K > KNnafamBlsIeu nTic K ³

tamRTwsþIkmμnþ-famBl ³ W = ΔK $ AB qV AB = K B − K A

naM[ ³ K B = qV AB + K A = qV AB +
1 2
2
mv0
eday ³ m = m p = 1.67 × 10 −27 kg , q = +1e = +1.6 × 10 −19 C
v0 = 10 3 km / s = 10 6 m / s , V AB = 10 4 V
eyIg)n ³ 1
K B = (1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 4 ) + × 1.67 × 10 − 27 × (10 6 ) 2 = 2.43 × 10 −15 J
2
dUcenH ³ K B = 2.43 × 10 −15 J
38 > FUlImYyRKab;manm:as m =10 g pÞúkbnÞúGKÁisnIsßitkñúgEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæancenøaH

−8
bnÞHelah³RsbBIrdak; tamTisedkpÞúkGKÁisnIsBaØapÞúyKñaEdlbnÞHxageRkampÞúkGKÁisnI
GviC¢man .plsgb:Utg;EsülrvagbnÞHTaMgBIrKW V = 4000V nigsßitcm¶ayBIKña d = 5cm. eK
dwgfaTm¶n;rbs;FUlImanlMnwgCamYyEdnGKÁisnI . KNnabrimaNbnÜÞúkGKÁisnIFUlI .
dMeNaH¨say
(+)
KNnabrimaNbnÜÞúkGKÁisnIFUlI ³ F
eBlsßitkñúgEdnGKÁisnIFUlIrgkmøaMgBIrKW ³ E − q<0
W
- W Tm¶n;FUlI ³ W = mg
(−)
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnI ³ F = qE = q
V
d
FUlImanlMnwg eyIg)n ³ F +W = 0 $ F =W
smmUl ³ V
q = mg
d
naM[ ³ q = mg
d
V
eday ³ −8 −11
m = 10 g =10 kg , g = 9.8 N / kg
V = 4000V , d = 5cm = 5 × 10 −2 m
5 × 10 −2
eyIg)n ³ q = 10 −11
× 9.8 ×
4000
= 1.225 × 10 −15 C
eday F ↑↓ W enaH F ↑↓ E eRBaH bnÞHeRkampÞúkGKÁisnIGviC¢man eyIg)n q < 0 ³

q = −1.225 × 10 −15 C

39 > Gam:atYénkugdg;saT½rbøgQrmYysßitcm¶ayBIKña d = 5cm RtUv)ndak;kñúgsuBaØakas .
eGLicRtugmYypøas; TIBIGam:atY A eTAGam:atY B edayel,ÓnedImesμIsUnü . eK[ ³ tg;süúg
rvagbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr V = 800V bnÞúkeGLicRtug q = −e = −1.6 × 10 C nigm:as
BA e
−19
eGLicRtug m = 9.1× 10 kg .
e
−31
k > KUstagviucT½rkmøaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIeGLicRtug nigKNnaGaMgtg;sIuetkmøaMgenH .

x > kMNt;RbePTclnarbs;eGLicRtugcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr .
K > KNnabERmbRmYlfamBlsIuenTickalNaeGLicRtugpøas;TIBIGam:atY A eTA
Gam:atY B .
X > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBleFVIclnadl;Gam:atY B .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KUstagviucT½rkmøaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIeGLicRtug ³ A B
yIgman ³ V =V − V = 800V > 0

BA B A
v F 0
smmUl ³ V >V B A
E
eyIg)nEdnGKÁisnImanTisedABI B eTA A $ kmøaMgGKÁisnI
manTisedABI A eTA B eRBaH q < 0 .
* KNnaGaMgtg;sIuetkmøaMg ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = qE = q
V
d
BA
eday ³ e
−19
q = −e = − 1.6 × 10 C , V = 800V , d = 5cm = 5 × 10 m
BA
−2
eyIg)n ³ F = − 1.6 × 10 ×
800
−19
5 × 10
= 2.56 × 10 N
−2
−15
dUcenH ³ F = 2.56 × 10 N −15
x > kMNt;RbePTclnarbs;eGLicRtugcenøaHbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr³
eGLicRtugmanel,ÓnedImesμIsUnü (v = 0 ) eGLicRtugeFVIclnaeRkamGMeBIénkmøaMgGKÁisnI
0
Edlmantémøefr ³ F = m a naM[ ³ e a=
m
F
e

eday ³ −15
F = 2.56 × 10 N , m = 9.1× 10 kg e
−31
−15
2.56 × 10
eyIg)n ³ a=
9.1× 10
= 2.81× 10 m / s = efr
−31
15 2
dUcenHeGLicRtugeFVIclnasÞúHesμI .
K > KNnabERmbRmYlfamBlsIuenTic ³
tamRTwsþIbTkmμnþ-famBl ³ W = ΔK = Fd AB
eday ³ −15
F = 2.56 × 10 N , d = 5 × 10 m −2
eyIg)n ³ −15
ΔK = 2.56 × 10 × 5 × 10 = 1.28 × 10 J −2 −16
dUcenH ³ ΔK = 1.28 × 10 J −16
X > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBleFVIclnadl;Gam:atY B ³
eyIgman ³ 1
2
e B
1
ΔK = m v − m v = m v
2
2
1
2
(v = 0 )
2
e A
2
e B A
2ΔK
naM[ ³ vB =
me
eday ³ ΔK = 1.28 × 10 −16 J , me = 9.1× 10 −31 kg

2 × 1.28 × 10 −16
eyIg)n ³ vB =
9.1× 10 −31
= 1.67 × 10 7 m / s
dUcenH ³ v B = 1.67 × 10 7 m / s
40 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = + 2 × 10 C / q = + 8 × 10 C Rtg; A nig B Edl

A
−9
B
−9
mancm¶ayBIKña a = 27cm.
k > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr .
x > cUrkMNt;TItaMg M cenøaH AB edIm,Idak;bnÞúkviC¢man q Rtg;cMNuc M manlMnwg .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIrvagcMNucbnÞúkTaMgBIr ³
q ×q
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = 9 × 10 × 9
r
A
2
B
eday ³ −9
q = + 2 × 10 C , q = + 8 × 10
A B
−9
C , r = 27cm = 27 × 10 −2 m

2 × 10 −9 × 8 × 10 −9
eyIg)n ³ F = 9 × 10 × 9
(27 × 10 )
= 1.97 × 10 N
−2 2
−9
A( q ) M B (q )
A B
dUcenH ³ F = 1.97 × 10 N −9
+ +
E E B A
x> kMNt;TItaMg M cenøaH AB edIm,Idak;bnÞúkviC¢man q manlMnwg ³
eday q q > 0 enaHbnÞúk q manlMnwgRtg; M luHRtaEt M sßitcenøaH AB . bnÞúk q
A B
Rtg;cMNuc M rgkmøaMgGKÁisnI ³
q ×q
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnIRcanedaybnÞúk q ³
A A F = 9 × 10 ×A
AM
9 A
2
qB × q
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnIRcanedaybnÞúk q ³ F
B B B = 9 × 10 9 ×
BM 2
bnÞúk q manlMnwgRtg; M eyIg)n ³ FA +FB = 0 $ FA = FB
q ×q qB × q BM 2 qB
smmUl ³ 9 × 10 ×
AM
9
= 9 × 10
A
2
9
×
BM 2
$ AM 2
=
qA
eday ³ q A = +2 × 10 −8 C , q B = +8 × 10 −8 C
BM 2 8 × 10 −8
eyIg)n ³ AM 2
=
2 × 10 −8
=4 naM[ ³ BM = 2 AM

naM[ ³ AM =
27cm
3
= 9cm

cMNuc A .
41 > eKykcMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = − 10nC nig q = + 40nC dak;Rtg; A nig B Edlsßit
A B
cm¶ayBIKña 4cm .
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc Msßitcm¶ay 3cm BIcMNuc A Edl AM ⊥ AB .
x > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlbnÞúk q = + 10 C dak;Rtg;cMNuc M rg .
−9
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ³

A( q A ) B (q B )
− +
EA
Rtg;cMNuc M rgEdnGKÁisnIBIrKW ³ E
- E EdnbegáItedaybnÞúk q EdncUlp©it ³
A A
M
qA
E A = 9 × 10 9 2
EB
AM
eday ³ q A = −10nC = −10 × 1 0 - 9 C , AM = 3cm = 3 × 10 -2 m
− 10 × 10 − 9
eyIg)n ³ E A = 9 × 10 9
= 10 5 V / m
(3 × 10 ) -2 2
qB
- E EdnbegáItedaybnÞúk q Edncakp©it ³
B B
E B = 9 × 10 9
BM 2
eday ³ q = +40nC = +40 × 1 0

A
-9
C , BM = 4cm = 4 × 10 -2 m
+ 40 × 10 − 9
eyIg)n ³ E A = 9 × 10 9
= 2 . 25 × 10 5 V / m
(4 × 10 ) -2 2
eyIg)nEdnGKÁisnIpÁÜbRtg;cMNuc M ³ E = E + E A B
smmUl ³ E = E + E + 2 E E cos( E , E ) (1)

2 2
A
2
B A B A B
eday ³ cos( E , E ) = cos(π − AMˆ B ) = − cos AMˆ B = −

A B
MA
MB
Et ³ MB = AM + AB = 3 + 4 = 5cm 2 2 2 2
eyIg)n ³ cos( E , E ) = −
A
3cm
5cm
= −0.6
B
(1) eyIg)n ³ E = (10 ) + (2.25 × 10 ) + (2 × 10 × 2.25 × 10 × 0.6) = 2.96 × 10 V / m

5 2 5 2 5 5 5
dUcenH ³ E = 2.96 × 10 V / m 5
x > KNnakmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlbnÞúk q = + 10 C rg ³ −9
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = q' E
eday ³ q = + 10 −9 C , E = 2.25 × 10 5 V / m
eyIg)n ³ F = + 10 −9 × 2.25 × 10 −9 = 2.25 × 10 −4 N

dUcenH ³ F = 2.25 × 10 −4 N
42> eK)j;eGLicRtugmYytamTisedkEkgCamYyExSEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³Rsb
BIrEdlmanRbEvg l = 5cm edayel,ÓnedIm v = 5 × 10 m / s .
0
7
k > cUrKUstagviuT½rkmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlmanGMeBIelIeGLicRtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI ebIbnÞH

elah³xagelIpÞúk GKÁisnIviC¢man .
x > kMNt;smIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI ebIEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞH
elah³TaMgBIr E = 10 V / m .
4
K > KNnacm¶ayrvagbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ebIbnÞHTaMgBIrmanplsgb:Utg;Esül

V = 4 × 10 V .
2
X > KNna tan α Edl α CamMulMgakedpøicsüúgGKÁisnI .

g > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBlecjBIEdnGKÁisnI .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KUstagviuT½rkmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlmanGMeBIelIeGLicRtug ³
y
(+) N
v
F vy
A
O v0 α O' vx
I x
(−) M
eBlcUlkñúgEdnGKÁisnI eGLicRtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnI F Edl F ↓↑ E eRBaH (q < 0 ) .
eday E manTisedABIbnÞHelIeTAbnÞHeRkam enaH F manTisedABIeRkameLIgelI .
x > kMNt;smIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI ³
-tamG½kS Ox eGLicRtugeFVIclnaRtg;esμI ³ x = v x t = v0 t $ t=
x
v0
-tamG½kS Oy eGLicRtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnI vaeFVIclnasÞúHesμI ³ y=

1 2
2
at (v 0 y = 0 )
F qE
eday ³ a=
m
=
m
,t=
x
v0
2
1 qE ⎛ x ⎞ qE 2
eyIg)n ³ y= × ×⎜
2 m ⎜⎝ v0
⎟⎟ =
2mv02
x
⎠
eday ³ E = 10 4 V / m , q = −1.6 × 10 −19 C , m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg , v0 = 5 × 10 7 m / s
− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 4
eyIg)n ³ y=
2 × 9.1 × 10 × (5 × 10 )−31
x = 3.51x 7 2
2 2
dUcenH ³ y = 3.51x manrag y = ax eGLicRtugmanKnøgCa):r:abUl .

2 2
K > KNnacm¶ayrvagbnÞHelah³TaMgBIr ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ E=
V
d
naM [ ³ d=
V
E
eday ³ E = 10 V / m , V = 4 × 10 V
4 2
4 × 10 V 2
eyIg)n ³ d=
10 V / m 4
= 4 × 10 m −2
dUcenH ³ d = 4 × 10 m −2
X > KNna tan α ³

tan α CaemKuNénsmIkarbnÞat;b:HeTAnwgKnøgeGLicRtugRtg;cMNuc x = l
eyIg)n ³ tan α = y '
smmUl ³ tan α = y ' = (3.51x )' = 2 × 3.51l = 2 × 3.51 × 5 × 10 = 0.351

2 −2
dUcenH ³ tan α = 0.351
g > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBlecjBIEdnGKÁisnI ³
eyIg)n ³ v =v +vx y naM[ ³ v = v +v 2
x
2
y
eday ³ v = v = 5 × 10 m / s
x 0
7
qE l x l
v y = at = × (t = = )
m v0 v0 v0

− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 4 5 × 10 − 2
smmUl ³ vy =
9.1 × 10 −31
×
5 × 10 7
= 1.76 × 10 6 m / s
eyIg)n ³ v = (5 × 10 7 ) 2 + (1.76 × 10 7 ) 2 = 5 × 10 7 m / s
dUcenH ³ v = 5 × 10 7 m / s
43 > RbUtugmYyRtUv)n)j;cUleTAkñúgEdnGKÁisnIénbnÞHelah³edkRsbKñaedayel,Ón
v = 10 m / s tamTisedk Rtg;cMNuckNþal O .
0
7
k > kMNt;TItaMg A EdlRbUtugecjBIEdnGKÁisnI ebIbnÞHelah³manRbEvg l = 5cm

nigEdnGKÁisnI E = 10 V / m .
4
x > KNnacm¶aylMgakedpøicsüúgGKÁisnIelIeGRkg;bBaÄrEdlsßitcm¶ay 3cm BI

tMbn;EdnGKÁisnI .
K > KNnamMulMgakedpøicsüúgGKÁisnI .
dMeNaH¨say
k > kMNt;TItaMg A EdlRbUtugecjBIEdnGKÁisnI ³

eyIg)n ³ x = l = 5cm
A
y
(−)
A'
-tamG½kSQr RbUtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIefr vaeFVI F vy

v
A vx
α O'
clnasÞúHesμI ³ 1
y = at (v = 0 )
2
2
0y
O v0
H
I H' x
F qE
eday ³ a=
m
=
m (+)
q E 2
eyIg)n ³ 1
y= ×
2 m
×t
-tamG½kSedkRbUtugeFVIclnaRtg;esμI ³ x = v x t = v0 t $ t=
x
vo
Rtg; A eyIg)n³ x=l eyIg)n ³ t=

l
vo
2
1 qE ⎛ l ⎞ q El 2
eyIg)n ³ yA = × ×⎜
2 m ⎜⎝ vo
⎟⎟ =
2mv02
⎠
eday ³ q = +1.6 × 10 −19 C , E = 10 4 V / m , l = 5cm = 5 × 10 −2 m

m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg , v 0 = 10 7 m / s
1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 4 × (5 × 10 −2 ) 2
eyIg)n ³ y = A
2 × 9.1 × 10 × (10 )
= 2.19 × 10 m = 2.19cm
− 31 7 2
−2
dUcenH ³ A ( 5cm , 2.19cm )
x > KNnacm¶aylMgakedpøicsüúgGKÁisnI ³
kñúgRtIekaNEkg IA'H' ³ tan α =
A' H '
IH '
naM;[ ³ A' H ' = IH '× tan α
v v
kñúgRtIekaNEkg Avv ³ x tan α =
v
=
v
y y
x 0
vy
eyIg)n ³ A' H ' = IH '×
v0
qE
eday ³ v y = at =
m
×
l
vo
q El
q El
eyIg)n ³ A' H ' = IH '×
mvo
v0
= IH '×
mv02
eday ³ q = +1.6 × 10 −19 C , E = 10 4 V / m , l = 5cm = 5 × 10 −2 m
m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg , v 0 = 10 7 m / s
l 5cm
IH ' = HH '+ = 3cm + = 5.5cm = 5.5 × 10 − 2 m
2 2
1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 4 × 5 × 10 −2
eyIg)n ³ −2
A' H ' = 5.5 × 10 × −31
9.1 × 10 × (10 ) 7 2
= 4.83 × 10 − 2 m
dUcenH ³ A' H ' = 4.83 × 10 m −2
K > KNnamMulMgakedpøicsüúgGKÁisnI ³
eyIgman ³ tan α =
A' H '
IH '
eday ³ −2
A' H ' = 4.83 × 10 m , IH ' = 5.5 × 10 m −2
−2
4.83 × 10 m
eyIg)n ³ tan α =
5.5 × 10 m
= 0.878 = tan 41.28
−2
0
dUcenH ³ α = 41.28 0

44 > eK)j;eGLicRtugmYytamTisedkEkgCamYyExSEdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³Rsb
BIredayel,ÓnedIm v Rtg;cMNuckNþal O .
0
k > KNnasMTuHrbs;eGLicRtugtamTisedk nigtamTisQr rYcKNnarksMTuHpÁÜb

rbs;va ebI EdnGKÁisnIcenøaHbnÞHelah³ E = 10 V / m . 4
x > etIeKRtUv)j;eGLicRtugedayel,Ónb:unμan edIm,I;[eGLicRtugGacecjputBIEdn

GKÁisnI ebIbnÞHelah³ nImYy²manRbEvg l = 5cm nigsßitcm¶ayBIKña d = 4cm .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnasMTuHrbs;eGLicRtugtamTisedk nigtamTisQr ³

-tamTisedk eGLicRtugeFVIclnaRtg;esμI eyIg)n ³ a x =
dv
dt
=0
F qE
- tamG½kSQr eGLicRtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnI vamanclnasÞúHesμI ³ a y =
m
=
m
eday ³ −19
q = −1.6 × 10 C , E = 10 V / m , m = 9.1 × 10 4 −31
kg
− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 4
eyIg)n ³ a = y
9.1 × 10
= 1.76 × 10 m / s
−19
15 2
dUcenH ³ a = 0 , a = 1.76 × 10 m / s
x y
15 2
*KNnarksMTuHpÁÜb ³
eyIgman ³ a=a +a x naM[ ³ y a = a +a =a 2

x
2
y y (a x = 0)
dUcenH ³ a = a = 1.76 × 10 m / s
y
15 2
x > KNnael,ÓnEdlRtUv)j; ³
-smIkareBltamedk ³ x=v t=v t $ t= x
v
x
0
0
-smIkareBltamG½kSQr ³ 1
y = a yt 2
2
y
(+ )
eday ³ t=
v
x
O
F
v0 A
0
2 x
1 ⎛ x ⎞ a x2
eyIg)n ³ y = a y ⎜⎜
2 ⎝ v0
⎟⎟ = y 2
⎠ 2v0 (− )
edIm,I[eGLicRtugGacecjBIEdnGKÁisnI)n luHRtaEt ³
ayl 2
x = l , y<
d
2
$ 2v 2
<
d
2
0
ayl 2
naM[ ³ v0 >
d
eday ³ a y = 1.76 × 1015 m / s 2 , l = 5cm = 5 × 10 −2 m , d = 4cm = 4 × 10 −2 m
1.76 × 1015 × (5 × 10 −2 ) 2
eyIg)n ³ v0 >
4 × 10 − 2
= 1.04 × 10 7 m / s
dUcenH ³ v0 > 1.04 × 10 7 m / s
45 > eGLicRtugmYyRtUv)n)j;edayel,Ón v = 1.8 ×10 m / s tamTisbegáIt)nmMu α = 30

0
7 o
CamYyTisedkcUleTAkñúgEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæancenøaHbnÞHelah³RsbBIrRbEvg l = 5cm
nigsßitcm¶ayBIKña d = 4cm Rtg;cMNuckNþalén bnÞHTaMgBIrdUcrUb .
y
k > sresrsmIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtugkñúgEdnGKÁisnI (−) N
v0
ebIbnÞGTaMgBIrmanplsgb:Utg;Esül 10 V . 3
O O'
x
x > kMNt;cMNucEdleGLicRtugecjBIEdnGKÁisnI .
(+) M
K > KNnael,ÓnedImedIm,I[eGLicRtugecjBIEdnRtg;cMNuckNþal O' rvagbnÞH
TaMgBIr .
y
dMeNaH¨say (−) N
k > sresrsmIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtug ³ vy v0
-tamG½kSedk Ox eGLicRtugeFVIclnaRtg;esμI ³O α O'

vx x
x = v x t = vo cos α t
smmUl ³ t=
x
vo cos α
( +) M
-tamG½kSQr Oy eGLicRtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIefrEdlmanTisedApÞúyel,ÓnedIm vaeFVI

clnayWtesμI ³
1 1
y = − at 2 + v oy t = − at 2 + vo sin α t
2 2

F q E qV
eday ³ a=
m
=
m
=
md
, t=
x
vo cos α
2
1 qV ⎛ ⎞
eyIg)n ³ y=− × × ⎜⎜
x
2 md ⎝ vo cos α ⎠
⎟⎟ + v o sin α ×
x
v o cos α
qV
smmUl ³ y=−
2mdvo2 cos 2 α
x 2 + tan αx
Et ³ q = −1.6 × 10 −19 C , m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg , V = 10 3 V
d = 4cm = 4 × 10 −2 m , v o = 1.8 × 10 7 m / s , α = 30 o
− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 3
eyIg)n ³ y=− − 31
2 × 9.1 × 10 × 4 × 10 × (1.8 × 10 ) cos 30
x + tan 30
−2 7 2 2 o
2 o
x
smmUl ³ y = −9.04 x + 0.57 x

2
dUcenH ³ y = −9.04 x + 0.57 x eGLicRtugmanKnøgCa):r:abUl .

2
x > kMNt;cMNucEdleGLicRtugecjBIEdnGKÁisnI ³
eyIgman ³ y = −9.04 x + 0.57 x
2
eBleGLicRtugecjBIEdnGKÁisnI x = l = 5cm = 5 × 10 m eyIg)n ³ −2
(
y = −9.04 5 × 10 − 2 ) + (0.57 × 5 × 10 ) = 0.59 × 10
2 −2 −2
m = 0.59cm
dUcenHeGLicRtuge cjBIEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc ³
x = 5cm , y = 0.59cm
K > KNnael,ÓnedImedIm,I[eGLicRtugecjBIEdnRtg;cMNuckNþal O' ³
qV
eyIgman ³ y=−
2mdv cos α
x + tan αx
2 2
2
qV
eGLicRtugecjRtg; O' eyIg)n ³ y=−
2mdvo2 cos 2 α
l 2 + l tan α = 0
qV q Vl
smmUl ³ 2mdv cos α
2 2
l 2 = l tan α $ 2mdvo2 cos α
= sin α
o
q Vl q Vl
naM[ ³ vo =
2md sin α cos α
=
md sin 2α
eday ³ q = −1.6 × 10 −19 C , m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg , V = 10 3 V

d = 4cm = 4 × 10 −2 m , α = 30 o
− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 10 3 × 5 × 10 − 2
eyIg)n ³ vo =
9.1 × 10 −31 × 4 × 10 − 2 sin 60 o
= 1.59 × 10 7 m / s
dUcenH ³ vo = 1.59 × 10 7 m / s
46 > Rtg;kMBUl A ,B , C énRtIekaNsm½gSEdlmanrgVas;RCug a = 30cm eKdak;cMNucbnÞúk

GKÁisnIdUc²Kña q = + 10 C .
−9
k > KNnakmøaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIbnÞúk q Rtg;kMBUl A énRtIekaN .

x > eKdak;bnÞúk q'mYyRtg;pi©tRtIekaN ABC . cUrkMNt;sBaØa nigtémøéncMNucbnÞúk
q' edIm,I[bnÞúk q Rtg;kMBUl A manlMnwg. etIGñksegáteXIjdUcemþccMeBaHcMNucbnÞúkdéT
eTot ?
dMeNaH¨say F
k > KNnakmøaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIbnÞúk q ³ FC
bnÞúkGKÁisnI q Rtg;cMNuc A rgkmøaMgGKÁisnI ³ FB
q×q + A(q )
- F kmøaMgRcanedaybnÞúkGKÁisnIdak;Rtg; B³ F = 9 × 10
B B
9
a2
a
eday ³ −9
q = + 10 C , a = 30cm = 0.30m − G (q ' )
−9 −9
10 × 10 +
F' +
eyIg)n ³ FB = 9 × 10 9
(0.30) 2
= 10 −7 N
B (q ) C (q )
q×q
- F kmøaMgRcanedaybnÞúkGKÁisnIdak;Rtg; C³ F = 9 ×10
C B
9
a2
eyIg)nkmøaMgpÁÜb ³ F = F +F B C
smmUl ³ F = F + F + 2 F F cos 60
B
2
C
2
B C
o
⎛ 1⎞
smmUl ³ F = F + F + ⎜ 2 F F × ⎟ = F 3 = 10
B
2
⎝
B
2
2⎠
B B 3 = 1.73 × 10B
−7 −7
N
dUcenH ³ F = 1.73 × 10 N −7
x > kMNt;sBaØa nigtémøéncMNucbnÞúk q' edIm,I[bnÞúk q Rtg;kMBUl A manlMnwg³

bnÞúk q Rtg;cMNuc A rgkmøaMgGKÁisnI F = 1.73 × 10 N EdlmanTisedAcakp©it
−7
RtIekaN . dUcenHedIm,I[bnÞúk q Rtg;cMNuc A manlMnwgluHRtaEtbnÞúk q' TajbnÞúk q Rtg;

A edaykmøaMg F ' Edl ³ F'+ F = 0 $ F = F'
qq' F × AG 2
eyIg)n ³ 9 × 10 ×
9
AG
= F naM[ ³
2
q' = ×
9 ×10 q 9
eday ³ F = 1.73 × 10 −7 N , q = 10 −9 C
2 2 a 3 a 3 30cm 3
AG = h= × = = = 10 3cm = 0.10 3m
3 3 2 3 3
eyIg)n ³ q' =
(
1.73 × 10 −7 × 0.10 3 ) 2
= 5.76 × 10 −10 C
−9
9 × 10 10
9
eday q' Taj q enaH q' < 0 (q > 0 ) eyIg)n ³ q ' = −5.76 × 10 −10 C
47 > enAkñúgEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæanEdlmanExSEdnedk nigmantémø E =10 V / m eKyk 4
EsV‘relah³mYyEdlman m:as m = 3g eTABüÜrenAkñúgEdnenaH . kalNaeKpÞúkGKÁisnI[

EsV‘renaH q = + 3μC e):lk¾pøas;TIehIymanlMnwgeBlExSeRTt)nmMu α eFobnwgTis
Qr . KNnamMulMgak α yk g =10m / s . 2
dMeNaH¨say
O
KNnamMulMgak α ³
ykEpndICatRmuy e):lrgkmøaMgbIKW ³ α
T
E
- T tMNwgExS
F
- F kmøaMgGKÁisnI ³ F = qE
α
- W Tm¶n;é):l ³ W = mg
W R
eyIg)n ³ T + F +W = 0 $ T+R=0
qE
kñúgRtIekaN AWF ³ tan α =
F
=
W mg
eday ³ q = + 3μC = + 3 × 10 C , E = 10 V / m , m = 3g = 3 × 10
−6 5 −3
kg , g = 9.8m / s 2

3 × 10 −6 × 10 4
eyIg)n ³ tan α = −3
3 × 10 × 10
=
3
3
= tan 30 o
dUcenH ³ α = 30 o
48 >eKmanEdnGKÁisnIEdlExSEdnmanTisQr manTisedAcuHeRkam nigmanGaMgtg;sIuet

E = 2 × 10 V / m .eGLicRtugmYypøas;TIcUleTAkñúgEdnGKÁisnIenHRtg;cMNuc Oedayel,Ón
3
edIm v =10 m / s EkgCamYyExSEdn .

0
6
k > sresrsmIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtug .
x > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugenAxN³ t = 10 s . −8
dMeNaH¨say
k > sresrsmIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtug ³
-tamG½kSedkRbUtugeFVIclnaRtg;esμI ³ x=v t=v t $ x 0 t=
x
vo
y
-tamG½kSQr RbUtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIefr vaeFVI (+ )
F
y = at (v = 0 )
2
2
0y O v0 A
E x
F qE
eday ³ a= =
m m (− )
Et ³ q = −1.6 × 10 −19 C , E = 2 × 10 3 V / m , m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg
− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 2 × 10 3
eyIg)n ³ a=
9.1 × 10 −31
= 3.52 × 1014 m / s 2
m:üageTot ³ t=
x x
= 6
v o 10
2
⎛ x ⎞
eyIg)n ³ 1
y = × 3.52 × 1014 × ⎜ 6 ⎟ = 176 x 2
2 ⎝ 10 ⎠
dUcenH ³ y = 176x eGLicRtugmanKnøgCa):r:abUl .
2
x > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugenAxN³ t = 10 s ³ −8
tamrUbmnþ ³ v = at + v 0

eday ³ a = 3.52 × 1014 m / s 2 , t = 10 −10 s , vo = 10 6 m / s
eyIg)n ³ v = (3.52 × 1014 × 10 −8 ) + 10 6 = 4.52 × 10 6 m / s
dUcenH ³ v = 4.52 × 10 6 m / s
49>eGLicRtugmYypøas;TItamTisedkedayel,Ón v = 2.5 ×10 m / s cUlkñúgEdnGKÁisnIén

0
7
bnÞHelah³RsbBIrmanRbEvg l = 5cm nigsßitcm¶ayBIKña d = 2cm Rtg;cMNuckNþal O .

bnÞHelah³TaMgBIrRtUv)ndak;epþk nigTTYl tg;süúg V =100V .
k > sresrsmIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtug .
x > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBlecjBIEdnGKÁisnIRtg; S .
K > KNnamMulMgak nigcm¶ayedpøicsüúgGKÁisnI ebIeKdak;eGRkg;sßitcm¶ay L = 20cm
BIcMNuc O .
dMeNaH¨say
k > sresrsmIkarKnøgrbs;eGLicRtug ³
-tamG½kSedkRbUtugeFVIclnaRtg;esμI ³ x=v t=v t $x 0 t=
x
vo
-tamG½kSQr RbUtugrgkmøaMgGKÁisnIefr vaeFVI
y = at (v = 0 )
2
2
0y
F q E qV
eday ³ a=
m
=
m
=
md
Et ³ q = −1.6 × 10 −19 C , V = 100V , d = 2cm = 2 × 10 −2 m , m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg
− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 100

eyIg)n ³ a= −31
9.1 × 10 × 2 × 10 −2
= 8.79 × 1014 m / s 2
m:üageTot ³ t=
x
=
x
vo 2.5 × 10 7
2
⎛ ⎞
eyIg)n ³ 1
y = × 8.79 × 1014 × ⎜
2
x
7 ⎟
⎝ 2.5 × 10 ⎠
= 0.70 x 2
dUcenH ³ y = 0.70 x 2 eGLicRtugmanKnøgCa):r:abUl .

x > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBlecjBIEdnGKÁisnI³
tamRTwsþkmμnþ-famBl ³ W = K − K OS S O
smmUl ³ 1
2
1
F × HS = mv − mv
2
2
S
2
O
2ma × HS
naM[ ³ v = S
m
+ v = 2a × HS + v 2
O
2
O
m:üageTot ³ y = 0.70 x 2
eBlecjputBIEdnGKÁisnI eGLicRtugcr)ncm¶ay x = l = 5cm = 5 × 10 m ³ −2
y = HS = 0.70 × (5 × 10 −2 ) 2 = 1.75 × 10 −3 m
eday ³ a = 8.79 × 10 m / s , v = 2.5 × 10 m / s
14 2
0
7
eyIg)n ³ v = (2 × 8.79 × 10 × 1.75 × 10 ) + (2.5 × 10 )

S
14 −3 7 2
= 2.51 × 10 7 m / s
dUcenH ³ v = 2.51 × 10 m / s
S
7
y
v A'
K > KNnamMulMgakedpøicsüúgGKÁisnI ³ (+ )
vy
F S Y
kñúgRtIekaNEkg Sv v ³
0 cos α =
v
v
=
v
v O
v 0
vx
x I 0
H H' x
eday ³ v = 2.5 × 10 m / s
0
7
(− )
v S = 2.51× 10 7 m / s
2.50 × 10 m / s 7
eyIg)n ³ cos α =
2.51 × 10 m / s
= 0.996 = cos 5
7
0
dUcenH ³ α =5 o
* KNnacm¶ayedpøicsüúgGKÁisnI ³
kñúgRtIekaNEkg IA' H ' ³ tan α =

Y
IH '
naM[ ³ Y = IH ' tan α
eday ³ l
IH ' = D − = 20cm −
2
5cm
2
= 17.5cm = 17.5 × 10 cm 2
eyIg)n ³ −2
Y = 17.5 × 10 tan 5 = 1.53 × 10 m o −2
dUcenH ³ Y = 1.53 × 10 m −2

50 > eKdak;bnÞHelah³QrBIrbnÞHRsbKña A nig B[sßitcm¶ayBIKña d = 10cm BIKña . eKpÞúk
tg;süúgrvagbnÞHTaMg BIr V = − 100V . enAxN³ t = 0 s eGLicRtugmYyeFVIclnaBIbnÞH A
AB
eTAbnÞH B edayKμanel,ÓnedIm .
k > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBleTAdl;bnÞH B .
x > KNnasMTuHrbs;eGLicRtugeBleFVIclnakñúgEdnGKÁisnI .
K > sresrsmIkarclnarbs;eGLicRtug .
X > KNnary³eBlEdleGLicRtugpøas;TIBIbnÞH A eTAbnÞH B .
dMeNaH¨say
k > KNnael,ÓneGLicRtugeBleTAdl;bnÞH B ³
tamkmμnþ-famBlsIeu nTic eyIg)n ³ W = K AB B = KA
smmUl ³ 1
qV = mv − 0 ( v = 0 )
AB
2
2
B A
naM[ ³ vB =
2qV AB
m
eday ³ q = −1.6 × 10 −19 C , V AB = −100V m = 9.1 × 10 −31 kg
−19
2 × −1.6 × 10 × −100
eyIg)n ³ v =B
9.1 × 10 −31
= 5.93 × 10 6 m / s
dUcenH ³ v = 5.93 × 10 m / s
B
6
x > KNnasMTuHrbs;eGLicRtug ³
q E qV
tamrUbmnþ ³ F = ma naM[ ³ a=
m
=
md
BA
eday ³ q = −1.6 × 10 C, V = −V = 100V , m = 9.1× 10 kg , d = 10cm = 0.10m

−19
BA AB
−31
− 1.6 × 10 −19 × 100

eyIg)n ³ a=
9.1 × 10 × 0.10
= 1.76 × 10
−31
14
m / s2 y
A B
dUcenH ³ a = 1.76 × 10 m / s 14 2
F
O
K > sresrsmIkarclnarbs;eGLicRtug ³ x
-smIkareBltamedk rgkmøaMgGKÁisnIEdlmanTisedA (− ) (+ )

pÞúyEdn vaeFVIclnasÞúHesμI ³ 1
x = at (v = 0 )
2
2
0
smmUl ³ 1
x = × 1.76 × 10 t = 8.8 × 10 t
2
14 2 13 2
-smIkareBltamG½kSQreGLicRtugeFVIclnaTnøak;esrI ³ 1
y = gt
2
2
eyIg)n ³ y g
=
x a
naM[ ³ g
y= x
a
eday ³ g << a eyIg)n ³ y=0
dUcenHeGLicRtugeFVIclnaRtg;ERbRbYlesμIEttamG½kSedk EdlmansmIkareBl ³
x = 8.8 × 1013 t 2
X > KNnary³eBlEdleGLicRtugpøas;TIBIbnÞH A eTAbnÞH B ³
eyIgman ³ x = 8.8 × 10 t 13 2
naM[ ³ t=
x
8.8 × 1013
eday ³ x = d = 10cm = 0.10m
eyIg)n ³ t=
0.10
8.8 × 10
= 3.37 × 10 s
13
−8
dUcenH ³ t = 3.37 × 10 s −8
☺☺☺☺☺☺☺
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Eroberogeday HG Sium Hak Kusl: Esg Vut I

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Eroberogeday HG Sium Hak Kusl: Esg Vut I

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1 > GgÁFatumYyelIseGLicRtugcMnYn n = 5 × 10 9 . KNnabnÞúkGKÁisnIrbs;GgÁFatuenaH .

2 > GgÁFatumYymanbnÞúkGKÁisnI q = −2 × 10 C . KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNucmYysßit

cm¶ay r = 10 cm BIcMNuc bnÞúk q rYcKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIbBa¢ak; .

bnÞúk q < 0 viucT½rEdnGKÁisnImanTisedAcUlp©it .

1 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaybnÞúk Q Rtg;cMNuc N Edl ON = OM 3

k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIbegáItedaybnÞúk Q Rtg;cMNuc N ³

x > KUsEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M nigcMNuc N ³

4 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIRtemac q = +10 CRtg;cMNuc O. cMNucbnÞúk q begáItEdn

GKÁisnI E = 9 ×10 V.m Rtg;cMNuc M Edlsßitcm¶ay r = OM BIcMNuc O .

2 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

5 >EsV‘relah³mYymanbnÞúkGKÁisnI q vabegáItEdnGKÁisnI E = 4.5 × 10 V / m Rtg;cMNuc 4

mYyEdlsßitcm¶ay 10 cm BI cMNucbnÞúk q . KNnacMNucbnÞúk q .

6 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = + 2 × 10 C nig q = - 5 × 10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl

k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc A nigKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIenH.

k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc A nigKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIenH ³

3 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

x > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc B nigKUstagviucT½rEdnGKÁisnIenH ³

7 > eKmanEsV‘rBIrmanm:asGacecal)n manbnÞúkGKÁisnIerogKña q = + 2 × 10 C nig 1

q = + 8 × 10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl AB = 10 cm .

k > KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuckNþal M éncMNuc A nig B .

4 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

smmUl ³ E = 2.88 × 10 − 7.2 × 10 = 2.16 × 10 V / m

naM[ ³ E = E + E = (3.6 × 10 ) + (1.44 × 10 ) = 1.48 × 10 V / m

5 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

8 > enAelIkMBUlénkaer ABCD EdlmanrgVas;RCug a =10 2 cm eKdak;cMNucbnÞúk

x > eKdak;bnÞúk q' = -10 C Rtg;cMNuc O etIkmøaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIcMNucbnÞúk

GKÁisnI q' manTisedA dUcemþc ? KNnaGaMgtg;sIuetkmøaMgenH .

6 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

eday ³ q ' = −10 −8 C , E = 2.54 × 10 5 V / m

eyIg)n ³ F = − 10 −8 × 2.54 × 10 5 = 2.54 × 10 −3 N

9 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = + 2 ×10 C nig q = + 8 ×10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl

k > kMNt;ykTisedAvuicT½rÉktaBIcMNuc A eTAcMNuc B . cUrsresrkenSamviucT½r

7 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

10 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = + 2 ×10 C nig q = + 8 ×10 C sßitRtg; A nig B Edl

eday q q > 0 enaHEdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M luHRtaEt M sßitcenøaH AB . Rtg;

8 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

m:üageTot ³ AM + BM = AB = 12cm smmUl³ AM + 2 AM = 12cm

dUcenHEdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M luHRtaEtcMNuc M sßitcenøaH AB cm¶ay 4cm BI

eday q q < 0 enaHEdnGKÁisnIesμIsUnüRtg; M luHRtaEt M sßiteRkA AB . Rtg;

9 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

Edl AB = 5 cm . KNnaEdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M mYyEdlsßitcm¶ay 3 cm BIcMNuc A

10 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

13 > cenøaHGam:atYénkugdg;saT½rmYymanplsgb:Utg;Esül ΔV = 220V . KNnaEdn

14 > eKbegáIt[manplsgb:Utg;Esül ΔV = 3000V rvagbnÞHelah³RsbKñaEdlsßit

11 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

16 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnImYy q = 10 CsßitRtg;cMNuc A ( 2cm ,1cm) kñúgtMruykUGredaen.

k > cUrKUsKMnUstagviucT½EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ( 5cm , 5cm ).

k > KUsKMnUstagviucT½EdnGKÁisnIRtg;cMNuc M ( 5cm , 5cm )³

17 > cenøaHGam:atYénkugdg;saT½rbøg;mYymanEdnGKÁisnI 3 ×10 5

18 > EsV‘rtUcmYymanm:as m = 0.05g pÞúkGKÁisnI q = + 5×10 C RtUv)nBüÜredayExSmin -9

19 > EsV‘rtUcmYymanm:as m = 1 mg pÞúkGKÁisnI q = - 5×10 CRtUv)nBüÜredayExSminyWt

nigmanm:asGacecal)n . m:as m begáItCae):lGKÁisnIkñúgEdnGKÁisnIÉksNæanEdl

14 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

eday ³ F = 10 N , g = 9.8 N / kg , m = 1mg = 10

20 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIBIr q = +5nC nig q' = −7nC sßitkñúgsuBaØakascm¶ayBIKña r rg

15 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

22 > EsV‘relah³tUcmanbnÞúkGKÁisnIerogKña ³ q = +2×10 C nig q = +4.5×10 CEsV‘r

TaMgBIrrgkmøaMgGnþrkmμ F = 0.1 N sßitkñúgsuBaØakas . KNnacm¶ayrvagEsV‘rTaMgBIr .

23 > cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢manBIr Q nig Q' sßitcm¶ayBIKña r rgkmøaMgGnþrkmμGKÁisnI

BIrcm¶ayBIKña r' Edl r ' = 3r .

16 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

24 > eKdak;cMNucbnÞúkGKÁisnIviC¢man q = 10 C dUcKñabIelIkMBUlRtIekaNsm½gS ABC