1 > XøImYyRtUv)ncgP¢ab;CamYyExSRbEvg l = 1.

6m BüÜrnwgbegÁalQredayEdkeKal rYc
eFVI[XøIvilCaclnavg;esμICMuvijbegÁalQredayel,Ón 2.4rps . KNnasMTuHrbs;XøI ebIExS
manKmøatmMu α = 30 .
o

dMeNaHRsay O

KNnasMTuHrbs;XøI ³
2 α l
XøIeFVIclnavg;esμIvargnUvkmøaMgcUlp©it ³ a=
v
r
1 2π 2π r r
m:üageTot ³ T=
N
=
ω
=
v
$ v = 2πrN

(2πrN ) 2
eyIg)n ³ a=
r
= 4π rN2 2

eday ³ r = l sin 30 = 1.6m × 0.5 = 0.8m , N = 2.4rps

o

eyIg)n ³ a = 4(3.14) × 0.8 × (2.4) = 57.9m / s

2 2 2

dUcenH ³ a = 57.9m / s 2

2 > smIkarlMeyalGakm:UnikmYyman ³ x = 10 sin(5πt + π6 ) Edl x KitCa m nig t KitCa s .

k > KNnaGMBøITut mMueRbkg; mMupasedIm xYb nigeRbkg;énlMeyal .
x > kMNt;eGLúgkasüúg x enAxN³ t = 0.4s .
K > KNnaeGLúgkasüúgenAxN³paslMeyalesμI − π4 rd .
dMeNaHRsay O

k > KNnaGMBøITut mMueRbkg; mMupasedIm xYb nigeRbkg;énlMeyal ³ α l

π
eyIgman ³ x = 10 sin(5πt + )
6 r
manrag ³ x = A sin(ω t + ϕ )
o

1 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 π
eyIg)n ³ A = 10m , ω o = 5π rd / s , ϕ =
6
rd
2π 2π
m:üageTot ³ To =
ω o 5π
== 0.4s

1 1
fo = = = 2.5Hz
To 0.4s
π
dUcenH ³ A = 10m , ω o = 5π rd / s , ϕ =
6
rd , To = 0.4s , f o = 2.5Hz

x > kMNt;eGLúgkasüúg x enAxN³ t = 0.4s ³

π
eyIgman ³ x = 10 sin(5πt + )
6
eday ³ t = 0 .4 s

⎛ π⎞
eyIg)n ³ x = 10 sin ⎜ (5π × 0.4) + ⎟ = 4.97m
⎝ 6⎠
dUcenH ³ x = 4.97 m

K > KNnaeGLúgkasüúgenAxN³paslMeyalesμI − π4 rd ³
π
eday ³ ωt +ϕ =−
6
rd
π
eyIg)n ³ x = 10 sin(− ) = −7.06m
4
dUcenH ³ x = −7.06m

π
3 > sresrsmIkarpÁÜbénclnalMeyalGakm:UnikBIrEdlmansmIkar ³ x 1 = 10 sin(ωt −
6
)

nig x = 20 sin(ωt + π3 ) Edl x KitCa cm nig t KitCa s .

2

dMeNaHRsay
sresrsmIkarpÁÜbénclnalMeyalGakm:Unik ³
π
eyIgman ³ 1x = 10 sin(ωt − )
6
π
x 2 = 20 sin(ωt + )
3
π
eyIg)n ³ x = x1 + x 2 = 10 sin(ωt − 6) + 20 sin(ωt +
3
)

2 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

eday ³ A= A12 + A22 + 2 A1 A2 cos(ϕ1 − ϕ 2 )

π π
smmUl ³ A = 10 2 + 20 2 + 2 × 10 × 20 cos(
3
−
6
) = 29cm

π π
10 sin − + 20 sin
A1 sin ϕ1 + A2 sin ϕ 2
m:üageTot ³ tan ϕ = = 6
A1 cos ϕ1 + A2 cos ϕ 2 10 cos− π + 20 cos π
3 = 0.27

6 3
π π
smmUl ³ tan ϕ == 0.27 = tan 15 o = tan
12
$ ϕ=
12
rd

π
dUcenH ³ x = 29in(ωt +
12
)cm

4 > e):lmYymanGMBøITut 4cm nigxYb T = 0.1s . cUrsressmIkarlMeyalrbs;e):lebIenA

xN³ t = 0s e):lmaneGLúgkasüúg x = 2cm .KNnary³eBlxøIbMputedIm,I[e):leyal
BI x = 2cm eTA x = 4cm .
1 2

dMeNaHRsay
sressmIkarlMeyalrbs;e):l ³
tamsmIkarlMeyalGam:Unik ³ x = A sin(ω t + ϕ )
o

2π 2π
eday ³ ω =
o
T
=
0.1
= 20π rd / s , A = 4cm
o

eyIg)n ³ x = 4 sin(20πt + ϕ )cm

m:üageTotenAxN³ t = 0s lMeyalmaneGLúgkasüúg x = 2cm eyIg)n ³

π
2cm = 4 sin[20π × 0) + ϕ ]cm $
2
sin ϕ = = 0.5 = sin
4 6
eyIg)n ³ ϕ = π6 rd
π
dUcenH ³ x = 4 sin(20π t + )cm
6
* KNnary³eBlxøIbMputedIm,I[e):leyalBI x eTA x ³ 1 2

π
eyIgman ³ x = 4 sin(20π t + )cm
6
π
eyIg)n ³ 2cm = 4 sin(20π t + )cm $ t = 0 s ¬ ( x = 2cm , t = 0s )
1
6
1

3 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 π π π
m:üageTot ³ 4cm = 4 sin(20π t1 +
6
)cm $ sin(20π t1 +
6
) = 1 = sin
2
π π π π π
smmUl ³ 20π t1 +
6
=
2
$ 20π t 2 =
2
−
6
=
3
π
naM[ ³ t2 =
3 × 20π 60
1
s =

eyIg)n ³ Δt = t 2 − t1 =
1
60
s − 0s =
1
60
s

dUcenH ³ Δt =
60
1
s

5 > eKcgBüÜre):lTImYymanRbEvg l manxYb T = 0.3s nige):lTIBIrmanRbEvg l manxYb

1 1 2

T = 0.3s .
2

KNnaxYbe):lebIeKeRbIRbEvgExS l = l + l Rtg;TItaMgdEdlcat;TukCae):leTal .
1 2

dMeNaHRsay
KNnaxYbe):lebIeKeRbIRbEvgExS l = l + l Rtg;TItaMgdEdl ³
1 2

tamrUbmnþ ³ T = 2π
l
g
gT12
- eBlmanRbEvg l ³1
l
T1 = 2π 1
g
naM[ ³ l1 =
4π 2
gT22
- eBlmanRbEvg l ³2 T2 = 2π
l2
g
naM[ ³ l2 =
4π 2
gT12 gT22
eyIg)n ³ l = l1 + l 2 =
4π 2
+
4π 2
=
g
4π 2
(T12 + T22 )

g
(T12 + T22 )
eyIg)n ³ T = 2π 4π 2
= T12 + T22
g
eday ³ T1 = 0.3s , T2 = 0.4 s

eyIg)n ³ T = (0.3) 2 + (0.4) 2 = 0.5s

dUcenH ³ T = 0 .5 s

6 > e):leTalmYymanRbEvg l = 120cm . KNnaRbEvgExSfμIedIm,I[xYblMeyalfycuH

Gs; 10% .
4 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I
 dMeNaHRsay
KNnaRbEvgExSfμI ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ T = 2π
l
g

eRkameBlxYbfycuHGs; 10% ³ T ' = 2π

l'
g
l
2π 2
g ⎛T'⎞
eyIg)n ³ T
T'
=
l'
=
l
l'
naM[ ³ l' = ⎜ ⎟ × l
⎝T ⎠
2π
g

naM[ ³ T ' = (100% − 10%)T = 90%T = 0.9T

2
⎛ 0.9T ⎞
eyIg)n ³ l' = ⎜
⎝ T
⎟ × l = 0.9 l = 0.9 × 120cm = 97.2cm
⎠
2 2

dUcenH ³ l ' = 97.2cm

7 > GgÁFatumYyeFVIclnalMeyalGakm:UnikelIKnøgRtg;sgxagTItaMglMnwg O edayxYb

T = 0.2 s ebIenAxN³ t = 0 s lMeyalmaneGLúgkasüúg x = −6cm nigmanel,ÓnesμIsUnü .

k > sresrsmIkarlMeyal .
x > KNnael,ÓnGtibrma .
dMeNaHRsay
k > sresrsmIkarlMeyal ³
tamsmIkarlMeyalGam:Unik ³ x = A sin(ω t + ϕ )
o

2π 2π
eday ³ oω =
T
=
0.2
= 10π rd / s
o

edayenAxN³ t = 0s lMeyalmaneGLúgkasüúg x = −6cm nigmanel,ÓnsUnü eyIg)n ³

A = x m = 6cm
⎛ π⎞
eyIg)n ³ − 6cm = 6 sin[10π × 0) + ϕ ]cm $ − 1 = sin ϕ = sin ⎜ − ⎟
⎝ 2⎠
π
eyIg)n ³ ϕ=−
2
rd

5 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 π
dUcenH ³ x = 6 sin(10π t − )cm
2
x > KNnael,ÓnGtibrma ³
π
eyIgman ³ x = 6 sin(10π t − )cm
2
π π
eyIg)n ³ v=
dx
dt
= 6 × 10 cos(10π t − ) = 60 cos(10π t − )
2 2
π π
kenSam v = 60 cos(10π t − 2 ) mantémøGtibrmakalNa cos(10π t − 2 ) = 1eyIg)n ³
v max = 60cm / s

8 > lMeyalGakm:UnikmYymansmIkar ³ x = 5 sin(π t + π2 ) Edl x KitCa cm nig t KitCa s .

k > kMNt;ry³eBledIm,I[lMeyalqøgkat;TItaMglMnwgelIkTImYy nigelIkTIBIr .
x > KNnary³eBlxøIbMput edIm,I[lMeyalsßitRtg;TItaMg x = +2.5cm .
dMeNaHRsay
k > kMNt;ry³eBl t ³
π
eyIgman ³ x = 5 sin(π t + )
2
eBle):lqøgkat;TItaMglMnwg eyIg)n ³ x = 5 sin(π t + π2 ) = 0 $ (π t + π2 ) = 0
π
smmUl ³ π t + = kπ
2
naM [ ³ t=k−
1
2
- eBlqøgkat;TItaMglMnwgelIkTImYy k = 1 eyIg)n ³ t = 1 − 2 = 0.5s
1
1

- eBlqøgkat;TItaMglMnwgelIkTIBIr k = 2 eyIg)n ³ t = 2 − 12 = 1.5s 2

dUcenH ³ t = 0.5s , t = 1.5s

1 2

x > KNnary³eBlxøIbMput edIm,I[lMeyalsßitRtg;TItaMg x = +2.5cm ³

π π + 2.5cm 1
eyIgman ³ x = 5 sin(π t + ) = +2.5cm $ sin(π t + ) =
2 2 5cm
=
2
π π
smmUl ³ π t + = + 2 πk > 0 (k ∈ ℵ)
2 6
π π
πt+ =π − + 2 πk < 0
2 6

6 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 π
m:üageTot ³ v=
dx
dt
= 5π cos(π t + )
2
edIm,I[ry³eBlxøIbMputRtg; x = +2.5cm luHRtaEt v ↑↑ x $ v > 0 eyIg)n ³
π π
5π cos(π t + ) > 0 $ πt+ >0
2 2
π π
eyIg)n ³ π t + = + 2 π k naM[
2 6
³ t= 2 k −
1
3
kñúgry³eBlxøIbMput eyIg)n k = 1 ³ 1
t = 2 − = 1.67 s
3
dUcenH ³ t = 1.67 s

9 > GgÁFatumYymanclnaGakm:UnikgaytamG½kS Ox mansmIkar x = 3 cos(5 t + π2 )cm .

k > kMNt;GMBøITut eRbkg; nigxYbénclna .
x > KNnael,Ón nigsMTuHxN³rbs;GgÁFatu .
dMeNaHRsay
k > kMNt;GMBøITut eRbkg; nigxYbénclna ³
π
eyIgman ³ x = 3 cos(5 t + )cm
2
manrag ³ x = A sin(ω t + ϕ )
o

π
eyIg)n ³ A = 3cm , ω = 5 rd / s , ϕ = rd
o
2
2π 2π
m:üageTot ³ T =
o
ω
=
5
= 1.256s
o

1 1
fo = = = 0.796 Hz
To 1.256s
dUcenH ³ A = 3cm , T = 1.256s , f = 0.795Hz
o o

x > KNnael,Ón nigsMTuHxN³rbs;GgÁFatu ³

π
eyIgman ³ x = 3cm cos(5 t + )
2
π π
eyIg)n ³ dx
v = = −3 × 5 sin(5 t + ) = −15 sin(5 t + )cm / s
dt 2 2
π π
m:üageTot ³ dv
a = = −15 × 5 cos(5 t + ) = −75 sin(5 t + )cm / s
dt 2 2
2

π π
dUcenH ³ v = −15 sin(5 t + )cm / s , a = −75sin(5 t + )cm / s
2 2
2

7 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 10 > e):lrWus½rdgedkmYymanm:as m = 0.30kg manefrkMr:aj k = 25N / m . eKdwgfa
eBlqøgkat;TItaMglMnwge):lmanel,ÓnGtibrma v = 0.80m / s . max

k > KNnaxYb eRbkg; Bulsasüúg nigGMBøITuténlMeyal .

x > KNnaGMBøITut .
dMeNaHRsay
k > KNnaxYb eRbkg; nigBulsasüúg ³
tamrUbmnþ ³ T = 2π
m
k
eday ³ m = 0.30kg , k = 25 N / m

eyIg)n ³ T = 2π
0.30
25
= 0.68s

m:üageTot ³ 1
f = =
T 0.68
1
= 1.47 Hz
2π 2π
ω= = = 9.24 rd / s
T 0.68
dUcenH ³ T = 0.68s , f = 1.47 Hz , ω = 9.24 rd / s

x > KNnaGMBøITut nigsresrsmIkarlMeyalGam:Unik ³

2
⎛x⎞
tamsmIkarlMeyal ³ x = A sin(ωt + ϕ ) $ sin 2
(ωt + ϕ ) = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ A⎠
2
⎛ v ⎞
m:üageTot ³ v=
dx
dt
= Aω cos(ωt + ϕ ) $ cos 2 (ωt + ϕ ) = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ Aω ⎠
2 2
⎛x⎞ ⎛ v ⎞
eyIg)n ³ ⎜ ⎟ +⎜ ⎟ =1
⎝ A ⎠ ⎝ Aω ⎠
2
⎛ v max ⎞
eBlqøgkat;TItaMglMnwg x = 0 , v = v eyIg)n ³ ⎜ ⎟ =1
⎝ Aω ⎠
max

naM[ ³ A=
v max
ω
=
0.80
9.24
= 8.65 × 10 − 2 m = 8.65cm

dUcenH ³ A = 8.65cm

8 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 11 > lMeyalmYymansmIkar x = 8 cos(π t + π2 )cm .
k > kMNt; xYb eRbkg; GMBøITut Bulsasüúg nigpasedIménlMeyal .
x > KNnael,ÓnGtibrma nigsMTuHGtibrmaénlMeyal yk π = 10 . 2

K > KNnary³eBledIm,I[ v = v 2 kñúgxYbdMbUg .

max

dMeNaHRsay
k > kMNt; xYb eRbkg; GMBøITut Bulsasüúg nigpasedIménlMeyal ³
π
eyIgman ³ x = 8 cos(π t + )cm
2
manrag ³ x = A cos(ω t + ϕ )
π
eyIg)n ³ A = 8cm , ω = π rd / s , ϕ = rd
2
2π 2π
m:üageTot ³ T=
ω
=
π
1 1
= 2s , f = = = 0.5Hz
T 2
π
dUcenH ³ T = 2s , f = 0.5 Hz , A = 8cm , ω = π rd / s , ϕ = rd
2
x > KNnael,ÓnGtibrma nigsMTuHGtibrmaénlMeyal ³
π
eyIgman ³ x = 8 cos(π t + )cm
2
π
eyIg)n ³ dx
v = = −8π sin(π t + )cm / s
dt 2
π
el,ÓnmantémøGtibrmakalNa sin(π t + 2 ) = 1eyIg)n ³ v = 8π cm / s
max

π
m:üageTot ³ dv
a = = −8π cos(π t + )
dt
2

2
π
sMTuHmantémøGtibrmakalNa cos(π t + 2 ) = 1eyIg)n ³ a = 8π = 80 cm / s
max
2 2

dUcenH ³ v = 8π cm / s , a = 8π = 80 cm / s
max max
2 2

K> KNnary³eBledIm,I[ v = v 2 ³ max

π − 8π
eyIgman ³ v = −8π sin(π t + )cm / s =
2
mv
2
=
2
cm / s eRBaH v = −8π cm / s
max

π 1 π π 1 π
smmUl ³ sin(π t + ) = = sin
2 2 6
ni g sin(π t + ) = = sin(π − )
2 2 6
π π
eyIg)n ³ πt+ =
2 6
naM [ ³ t = − = − s < 0 minyk
1 1
6 2
1
3

9 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 π π
πt+
2
=π −
6
naM[ ³ 1 1 1
t =1− − = s
6 2 3
dUcenH ³ 1
t= s
3

12 > lMeyalvilmYymansmIkarmMu α = 0.15 sin(π t − π2 ) .

k > kMNt;GMBøITutmMu Bulsasüúg xYb eRbkg; nigpasedIménlMeyal .
x > KNnael,ÓnmMu nigsMTuHmMuénlMeyal yk π = 10 . 2

dMeNaHRsay
k > kMNt;GMBøITutmMu Bulsasüúg xYb eRbkg; nigpasedIménlMeyal ³
eyIgman ³ α = 0.15 sin(π t − π2 )
manrag ³ α = α sin(ω t + ϕ )
m

eyIg)n ³ α = 0.15 rd , ω = π rd , ϕ = − π2 rd
m o

2π 2π
m:üageTot ³ T=
ω
=
π
1
= 2s , f = = 0.5 Hz
2
o

dUcenH ³ α = 0.15 rd , ω = π rd / s , T = 2s , f = 0.5 Hz ,ϕ = π2 rd

m o

x > KNnael,ÓnmMu nigsMTuHmMuénlMeyal ³

eyIgman ³ α = 0.15 sin(π t − π2 )
dα π
eyIg)n ³ ω=
dt
= 0.15π cos(π t − )
2
dω π π
m:üageTot ³ γ =
dt
= −0.15π sin(π t − ) = −1.5 sin(π t − )
2

2 2
dα π π
dUcenH ³ ω=
dt
= 0.15π cos(π t − ) , γ = −1.5 sin(π t − )
2 2

13 > e):lrWs½rdgQrmYymanRbEvgedIm l = 20cm nigefrkMr:aj k = 200 N / m P¢ab;nwg

o

m:as m = 0.20kg ebIe):lmanel,ÓnGtibrma v = 62.8cm / s yk π = 10 .

max
2

k > sresrsmIkareBlénlMeyal ebIenAxN³edImeBle):lsßitRtg;TItaMglMnwg.

x > KNnaRbEvgrWus½rRtg;TItaMglMnwg Rtg;TItaMgTabbMput nigx<s;bMput .
10 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I
 dMeNaHRsay
k > sresrsmIkareBlénlMeyal ³
tamsmIkarlMeyal ³ x = A sin(ω t + ϕ ) (1)

eyIg)n ³ dx
v = = Aω cos(ω t + ϕ )
dt
eBlmanel,ÓnGtibrma ³ v = Aω max naM[ ³ A=
vmax
ω
2π
Et ³ ω=
T
=
k
m
=
200
0 .2
= 10π rd / s

eyIg)n ³ A=
62.8
10
= 6.28cm

(1) eyIg)n ³ x = 6.28 sin(10π t + ϕ )

enAxN³edImeBl e):lsßitRtg;TItaMglMnwg eyIg)n ³ x = 6.28sinϕ = 0

naM[ ³ ϕ = 0 rd
dUcenH ³ x = 6.28 sin(10π t )cm

x > KNnaRbEvgrWus½rRtg;TItaMglMnwg Rtg;TItaMgTabbMput nigx<s;bMput ³

-Rtg;TItaMglMnwg ³ L=L +x
o o

m:üagRtg;TItaMglMnwg ³ okx = mg naM[ ³ x =

mg
o
k
eday ³ k = 200 N / m , m = 0.20kg , g = 9.8m / s 2

0.20 × 9.8
eyIg)n ³ ox =
200
−3
= 9.8 × 10 m = 0.98cm

eyIg)n ³ L = 20cm + 0.98cm = 20.98cm

-Rtg;TItaMgx<s;bMput ³ H L = L − A = 20cm − 6.28cm = 13.72cm

o

-Rtg;TItaMgTabbMput ³ L L = L + A = 20cm + 6.28cm = 26.28cm

o

dUcenH ³ L = 20.98cm , L = 13.72cm , L = 26.28cm

H L

11 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 14 > e):leTalBIrRbEvg L nig L manxYb T nig T Rtg;TItaMgEdlman g = 9.8N / kg .
1 2 1 2

ebIeKeRbIExSRbEvg L = L + L enaHlMeyalmanxYb T = 2.4s EtebIeKeRbIExS RbEvg

1 2

L' = L − L vijenaHe):lmanxYb T ' = 0.8s . KNnaRbEvg L / L nigxYb T / T .

1 2 1 2 1 2

dMeNaHRsay
KNnaRbEvg L / L nigxYb T / T ³
1 2 1 2

T12 g
-xYbe):lRbEvgExS L 1 ³ T1 = 2π
L1
g
$ L1 =
4π 2
T22 g
-xYbe):l RbEvgExS L 2 ³ T2 = 2π
L2
g
$ L2 =
4π 2
L1 + L2 L1 + L2
-xYbe):l RbEvgExS L + L ³ 1 2 T3 = 2π
g
$ T32 = 4π 2
g
T12 g T22 g
+
smmUl ³ T32 = 4π 2 × 4π 4π 2 = T 2 + T 2 (1)
2
1 2
g
L1 − L2 L1 − L2
-xYbe):l RbEvgExS L − L ³ 1 2 T4 = 2π
g
$ T42 = 4π 2
g
T12 g T22 g
−
smmUl ³ T4 = 4π ×
2 2 4π 2
4π 2 = T 2 − T 2 (2)
1 2
g
(1) + (2) ³ T32 + T42 = 2T12

T32 + T42 (2.4) 2 + (0.8) 2

naM[ ³ T1 =
2
=
2
= 1.79s

(2)eyIg)n ³ T2 = T12 − T42 = (1.79 s) 2 − (0.8s) 2 = 1.60s

T12 g (1.79) 2 × 9.8
eyIg)n ³ L1 =
4π 2
=
4 × (3.14) 2
= 0.796m = 79.6cm

T22 g (1.60) 2 × 9.8

L2 = = = 0.636m = 63.6cm
4π 2 4 × (3.14) 2
dUcenH ³ T1 = 1.79 s , T2 = 1.60 s , L1 = 79.6cm , , L2 = 63.6cm

12 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I

 15 > naLikamYymanxYb T = 1s Rtg;kEnøgEdlman g = 9.8N / kg enAsItuNðPaB 15 C . o

KNnaRbEvgExSe):l ebInaLikaCae):leTal nigyk π = 10 , g = 9.8m / s . 2 2

eKyke):leTAdak;kñúgmCÄdæanEdlmansItuNðPaB 35 C nigTMnajEpndIdEdl . o

KNnabERbbRmYlry³eBlkñúgmYyéf¶ .
eK[emKuNrIkbeNþayénelah³ExSe):l α = 2 ×10 / C . −5 o

dMeNaHRsay
KNnaRbEvgExSe):l ³
2
tamrUbmnþ ³ T = 2π
L
g
naM [ ³ L=
gT
4π 2

eday ³ T = 1s , g = 10m / s 2

9.8 × 1 2
eyIg)n ³ L=
4 × 10
= 0.245m = 24.5cm

dUcenH ³ L = 24.5cm

KNnabERbbRmYlry³eBlkñúgmYyéf¶ ³
ebI t Cary³eBle):leyalkñúgmYyéf¶ )n N lMeyal eyIg)n ³
-enAsItuNðPaB 15 C ³ τ = NT
o
$ N = Tτ
-enAsItuNðPaB 35 C ³ τ ' = NT ' = Tτ T '
o

-bERmbRmYlry³eBlkñúgmYyéf¶ ³ T'
Δτ = τ − τ ' = τ − τ = τ 1 −
T
T'
T
(*)

L0 (1 + α t )
-xYbe):lenAsItuNðPaB 15 C o
³ T = 2π
L
g
= 2π
g
L0 (1 + α t ' )
-xYbe):lenAsItuNðPaB 35 C o
³ T ' = 2π
L'
g
= 2π
g
L0 (1 + α t ' )
2π
g 1 + α t'
eyIg)n ³ T'
T
=
L0 (1 + α t )
=
1+α t
2π
g
1 + α t'
(*) eyIg)n ³ Δτ = t 1 −
1+α t
13 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I
eday ³ t = 24h = 86400s , α = 2 × 10 −5 / 0 C , t = 15 0 C , t ' = 35 0 C

1 + (2 × 10 −5 × 35)
eyIg)n ³ Δτ = 86400 1 −
1 + (2 × 10 −5 ×15)
= 17.27 s

dUcenHkñúgmYyéf¶naLikaedIxus ³ Δτ = 17.27 s

66666
666

14 eroberogeday ³ hg; sIum hak; kusl esg vuT§I