S GIO DC & O TO H NI

K THI HC SINH GII THNH PH LP 12 Nm hc 2009 2010 Mn thi: Ho hc Ngy thi: 12 11 2009 Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht ( thi gm 2 trang)

CHNH THC

Cu I (4 im) 1/ C 2 cp phng trnh ha hc di y, hy xc nh phng trnh no c vit ng theo t l s mol ca cht oxi ha v cht kh tham gia phn ng? Gii thch. - 2MnO4- + 3H2O2 + 6H+ 2Mn2+ + 4O2 + 6H2O (a) 2MnO4- + 5H2O2 + 6H+ 2Mn2+ + 5O2 + 8H2O (a') - FeSO4 + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O (b) 3FeSO4 + 6HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + Fe2(SO4)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O (b) 2/ un nng dung dch st (II) axetat vi axit pecloric c thu c dung dch st (III) peclorat, kh clo v kh X. Lp phng trnh ha hc (dng phn t) ca phn ng oxi ha kh trn. 3/ Lu hunh c th to ra nhiu axit cha oxi c cng thc chung l HxSyOz. Mt trong s mui natri ca nhng axit trn l NaxSyOz phn ng vi dung dch KMnO4 c mt HNO3 theo s sau: NaxSyOz + KMnO4 + HNO3 MnSO4 + Na2SO4 + KNO3 + H2O Bit rng 0,01 mol NaxSyOz phn ng va vi 200 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,2M to thnh dung dch cha 4,8 gam ion SO4-, nu tch ring Na2SO4 to ra th khi lng ring ca n l 1,42 gam. a) Xc nh s oxi ha c lu hunh trong mun NaxSyOz trn. b) Hon thin phng trnh ha hc trn. 4/ C 200 ml dung dch A cha hn hp bari nitrat v st (III) nitrat. Cho t t dung dch nitrat cacbonat vo dung dch A cho n khi kt ta khng to thm na. Kt ta thu c c khi lng l 3,04 gam, em tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 0,244 lt kh (1 atm, 25oC). Vit cc phng trnh ha hc v xc nh nng mol cc cht trong dung dch A. Cu II (3,5 im) 1/ Dn 1 lt hn hp kh gm NH3 v O2 vo bnh phn ng ri thc hin phn ng chy. Kt thc phn ng, dn hn hp to thnh i qua nc thy ch cn 0,2 lt kh khng tan trong nc. Cc th tch kh o cng iu kin v nhit v p sut. Bit rng khng xy ra tng tc gia sn phm chy vi cc kh ban u to ra cht mi. Tm thnh phn phn trm th tch NH3 trong hn hp u. 2/ Khi trn dung dch hai mui c cng s mol to thnh 1,25 gam cht X (kt ta) v dung dch Y, X l mui ca kim loi M (M c ha tr 2 trong hp cht). Tch ring X ri em nung n 1100oC, mui X b phn hy thnh 0,7 gam oxit MO v oxit Z (kh). C cn dung dch Y thu c 2 gam cht rn l mt mui khan, mui ny b phn hy 215oC to ra 0,025 mol oxit T (kh) v 0,9 gam hi nc. Xc nh cng thc phn t hai mui ban u v vit cc phng trnh ha hc, bit s mol MO thu c bng s mol Z. Cu III (2,75 im) 1/ Cng thc chung ca Ankan l CnH2n+2. a) Tm s electron c mt v s electron tham gia to thnh lin kt trong phn t ankan. b) Trong phn t ankan A cha x nguyn t cacbon bc 1, y nguyn t cacbon bc 2, z nguyn t cacbon bc 3 v t nguyn t cacbon bc 4. Tm biu thc tnh z theo cc gi tr cho. c) Trong phn t ankan X s lin kt gia nguyn t cacbon v hiro gp 2,8 ln s lin kt gia hai nguyn t cacbon. Khi clo ha X ch to ra 3 dn xut monoclo, cn nu clo ha trong iu kin kh khn hn s to ra 7 dn xut iclo. Tm cng thc cu to X. 2/ Cho kh clo i qua CHCl3 (nhit si l 620C) km theo chiu sng to ra hai hp cht ca cacbon l X1, X2 v cht kh Y. Y ha tan tt trong nc. Thnh phn X1 v X2 trong hn hp to thnh ph thuc vo cng chiu sng, khi cng chiu sng yu to ra ch yu l X1 (nhit si l 77oC); khi 1

cng chiu sng mnh to ra ch yu l cht rn X2 c khi lng mol ln hn X1 (bc chy 1870C). Gii thch (bng c ch phn ng) v cho bit cng thc phn t cc cht Y, X1, X2. Cu IV (3,25 im) 1/ Ha tan 2,07 gam axit cacboxylic n chc HA v 50 gam nc thu c dung dch c khi lng ring l 1,03g/ml trong tng s mol in H+ v A- l 1,267.10-3. Bit in li ca axit HA bng 1,42%. a) Tm cng thc phn t ca axit trn. b) Tnh hng s phn li ca axit trn. 2/ tng hp CH3OH c th thc hin phn ng CO + 2H2 CH3OH. Ngi ta trn 4 mol kh CO vi 1 mol kh H2 ri cho vo bnh phn ng tng hp CH3OH nhit 4500C. Hiu sut phn ng ny l 20%. a) Hi p sut trong bnh phn ng thay i bao nhiu ln ? b) Tnh hng s cn bng KC ca phn ng nhit 4500C. c) Tm s mol CO cn em trn vi 1 mol H2 cng nhit trn hiu sut phn ng l 25%. Cu V (3,25 im) 1/ Vit phng trnh ha hc (di dng cng thc cu to) biu din cc bin ha sau (ghi r iu kin phn ng, nu c): C6H5CH3 p O2NC6H4CH3 p O2NC6H4CH2Cl p O2NC6H4CH2OH p O2NC6H4CHO p O2NC6H4COOH p H2NC6H4COOH p HOC6H4COOH p Cl-N2+C6H4COOH 2/ T etilen v cc cht v c cn thit khc, hy vit cc phng trnh ha hc to ra 5 ancol khc nhau, m phn t c khng qu 4 nguyn t cacbon. Cu VI (3,25 im) 1/ C s chuyn ha sau: B A +NaOH [O] D [O] E +Br2/P xc tc G

+HNO2 +C2H5OH/HCl +HCl X Y Z T Bit A c cng thc C6H12O3; Y c cng thc C3H6O3 v c trong sa chua; t 4,45 gam Z em phn ng vi HNO2 thu c 4,5 gam Y (coi hiu sut phn ng l 100%). Xc nh cng thc cu to cc cht A, B, D, E, G, Y, Z, T. 2/ Khi thy phn hon ton 1mol pentapetit X th thu c 3 mol glyxin, 1mol alanin, 1mol valin. Khi thy phn khng hon ton X thu c hn hp sn phm gm 3 tripetit v 3 ipeptit. Khi xc nh u N ca animo axit trong tripetit trn thy rng 2 trong s c u N ca amino axit thuc v glyxin, cn li thuc v alanin. Cho X tc dng vi HNO2 thy gii phng N2. Xc nh trnh t cc amino axit trong phn t X. Cho H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 4; S = 32; Ca = 40; Fe = 56; Ba = 137. -------------------- Ht -------------------(Gim th khng gii thch g thm) H v tn th sinh:............................................................................... S bo danh:......................................