Lampiran B Neraca Energi

LAMPIRAN B
NERACA ENERGI
Basis perhitungan
= 1 jam operasi
Satuan
= Kj/jam
Temperatur Referensi = 25oC = 298 K

Tabel L.B.1 Data berat molekul, titik didih, dan panas pembentukan
Komponen
HNO3
NH3
H2O
NH4NO3
Cp =
Berat molekul (gr/mol)

63.02
17.03
18
80.05
Titik Didih (K)

356.4
239.65
373
476
Hf (Kj/jam)
-2745.2279
-2697.3849
-13434.9678
-4568.0557
(Kirk Othmer, 2001)
A+B T + C T2 + D T3 + E T4
Tabel L.B.2 Data CP GAS
(Joule/mol.K)
Kompone
n
NH3
HNO3
H2O
a
33.573
19.755
33.933
-1.26E-02 8.89E-05
1.34E-01 -6.11E-06
-8.42E-03 2.99E-05
Tref(K)
-7.18E-08
-1.23E-08
-1.78E-08
1.86E-11
1.11E-11
3.69E-12
298
298
298
Cp =A+B T + C T2 + D T3
Tabel L.B.3 Data CP CAIR
(Joule/mol.K)
Kompone
n
NH3
HNO3
H2O
-182.16 3.36E+00 -1.44E-02

214.478 -7.68E-01 1.50E-03
92.053 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
Tref(K)
2.04E-05
-3.02E-07
5.35E-07
298
298
298
Cp =A+B T + C T2
Tabel L.B.3 Data CP Padat
(Joule/mol.K)
Kompone
n
H2O
Tref(K)
9.695
7.50E-02
-1.56E-05
298
(Yaws,1999)
Kompone
n
Specific Heat (J/Kg) Cair
Tref(K)
NH4NO3
Kompone
n
NH4NO3
298
1.9
Specific Heat padat

1.7
Tref(K)
298
(Kirk Othmer, 2001)
Data Panas Perubahan Fasa Komponen (Reklaitis, 1983)

Komponen
Hvl pada titik didihnya (kJ/kmol)
NH3
23351
HNO3
62049.11345
H2O
40656.2
Pompa (P-01)
Diagram alir :
Q4 HNO3
H2O
P-01
Q6 HNO3
H2O
Panas masuk :
T4 = 30C=303K
Tref = 25C=298K
Qin HNO3
= m x cp dT
= 552.0539566 kmol/jam x 553.97 kj/kmol
= 305819.14 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 1288.534828 kmol/jam x 377.50 kj/kmol
= 486425.50 kj/jam
Q4 total
: (305819.14 + 486425.50 ) = 792244.65 kj/jam
Kompone
n
HNO3
H2O
massa (kmol/jam)
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
552.0539566
553.97
305819.14
1288.534828
377.50
486425.50
Total
792244.65
Panas keluar :
T6 = 30.07606C= 303.07606 K
Tref = 25C=298K
Qout HNO3 = m x cp dT
= 552.0539566 kmol/jam x 562.40 kj/kmol
= 310476.84 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 1288.534828 kmol/jam x 383.24 kj/kmol
= 493819.67 kj/jam
Q6 total
Kompone
n
HNO3
H2O
: (310476.84 + 493819.67 ) = 804296.51 kj/jam

massa (kmol/jam)
552.0539566
1288.534828
Total
Neraca Energi Total Pompa

Komponen
Q4
Q6
Panas pompa
Total
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
562.40
383.24
Masuk (Kj/Jam)
792244.65
Q(KJ/Jam)
310476.84
493819.67
804296.51
Keluar (Kj/Jam)
804296.51
12051.86
804296.5098
804296.5098
Heater (H-02)
Diagram alir :
Q6 HNO3
H-02
Q7 HNO3
H2O
H2O
Neraca panas total : Q6 + Q Steam = Q7

dimana :
Q6
= Panas bahan masuk heater
Q steam
= Panas yang diberikan steam
Q7
= Panas bahan keluar heater
Neraca panas masuk heater (Q6 heater)
Temperatur bahan masuk = 30.07606 C = 303.07606 K
Qin heater= m x cp x dT
Kondisi : 4.4 atm
Neraca panas komponen HNO3
Q6 HNO3
= m x cp dT
= 552.0539566 kmol/jam x 562.40 kj/kmol
= 310476.8401 kj/jam
Neraca panas komponen H2O
Q6 H2O
= m x cp dT
= 1288.534828 kmol/jam x 383.2412 kj/kmol
= 493819.6697 kj/jam
Panas bahan masuk heater (Q6)
Komponen
HNO3
Massa (Kmol/jam)
552.0539566
T1(K)
303.07
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
562.40 310476.8401
H2O
1288.534828
Q6
6
303.07
6
383.241228 493819.6697
804296.5098
Neraca panas keluar heater

Temperatur bhn keluar = 175C = 448 K
Q7 heater = m x cp x dT
(Reklaitis , 1983)
Q7 HNO3
= m x cp dT
= 552.0539566 kmol/jam x 18439.27 kj/kmol
= 10179470.53 kj/jam
Q7 H2O
= m x cp dT
= 1288.534828 kmol/jam x 11439.61552 kj/kmol
= 14740343.01 kj/jam
Panas bahan keluar heater
Komponen
HNO3
H2O
Massa (Kmol/jam) T1(K)

Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
552.0539566
448
18439.27 10179470.53
1288.534828
448
11439.61552 14740343.01
Q7
24919813.54
Panas yang diberikan steam
Qsteam = Q7-Q6
= (24919813.54 804296.5098) kj/jam
= 24115517.03 kj/jam
Massa steam yang dibutuhkan
Berdasarkan van ness 2005, panas yg digunakan steam jenuh pada temperatur 230C;
tekanan 27,97 atm diperoleh panas laten = 1811,7 kj/kg
Qsteam
Massa steam = steam
24115517.03 kj/ jam

1.811,7 kj/kg
= 13310.99 kg/jam
Neraca Energi Total Heater HNO3
Komponen
Q6
Q7
Qsteam
Total
Masuk (Kj/Jam) Keluar (Kj/Jam)

804296.5098
24919813.54
24115517.03
24919813.54
24919813.54
Ekspander (EX-01)
Diagram alir :
Q3 NH3
H2O
EX-01
Q5 NH3
H2O
Kondisi operasi :
T3
: 303 K
P3
: 17.42 atm
P5
: 4.4 atm
T5
: 99.65 K (Trial and error di program aspen plus)
Neraca panas total : Qin = Qout + Q lepas
Neraca panas masuk
Neraca panas komponen NH3
Qin NH3
= m x cp dT
= 549.2936868 kmol/jam x 403.5042 kj/kmol
= 221642.3 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 2.611521911 kmol/jam x 377.5028kj/kmol
= 985.85683kj/jam
Komponen
Massa (Kmol/jam)
T1(K) Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
NH3
549.2936868
303
403.5042
H2O
2.611521911
303
377.5028
Q3
Q(KJ/Jam)
221642.3
985.85683
222628.15
Neraca panas keluar

Qout heater = m x cp x dT
(Reklaitis , 1983)
Qout NH3
= m x cp dT
= 549.2936868 kmol/jam x -6786.7528 kj/kmol
= -3727920.5 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 2.611521911kmol/jam x -6619.4077kj/kmol
= -17286.728 kj/jam
Komponen
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
NH3
549.2936868
99.655
-6786.7528
-3727920.5
H2O
2.611521911
99.655
-6619.4077
-17286.728
Q5
-3745207.2
Neraca Energi Total Ekspander
Komponen
Q3
Q5
Panas lepas
Total

222628.1527
-3745207.187
3967835.34
222628.1527
222628.1527
Heater (H-01)
Diagram alir :
Q12 NH3
H2O
Q5 NH3
H-01
Q8 NH3
H2O
H2O
Neraca panas total : Q5 + Q12+Q Steam = Q8

dimana :
Q5
Q12
Q steam
= Panas yang diberikan steam
Q8
= Panas bahan keluar heater
Neraca panas masuk heater (Qin heater)
Temperatur bahan masuk = 99.655 K
Qin heater= m x cp x dT
Kondisi : 4.4 atm
Qin NH3
= m x cp dT
= 549.2936868kmol/jam x -6786.752785kj/kmol
= -3727920.5kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 2.611521911kmol/jam x -6619.407689kj/kmol
= -17286.728kj/jam
Aliran 5
Komponen
NH3
H2O
Massa (Kmol/jam)
549.2936868
2.611521911
Q5
T1(K)
99.655
99.655
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
-6786.752785 -3727920.5
-6619.407689 -17286.728
-3745207.2
Temperatur bahan masuk = 448 K

Qin heater = m x cp x dT
Qin NH3
= m x cp dT
= 444.403435 kmol/jam x 985.74 kj/kmol
= 438065.1566 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 2.112839335 kmol/jam x 915.66 kj/kmol
(Reklaitis , 1983)
= 1934.634364 kj/jam
Aliran 12
Komponen
Massa (Kmol/jam)
NH3
444.403435
H2O
2.112839335
T1(K)
325.16
3
325.16
3
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
985.74
438065.1566
915.66
1934.634364
Q12
439999.791
Neraca panas keluar heater

Temperatur bhn keluar = 175C = 448 K
Qout heater = m x cp x dT
(Reklaitis , 1983)
Qout NH3
= m x cp dT
= 993.6971218 kmol/jam x 5689.38 kj/kmol
= 5653522.222 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 4.724361246 kmol/jam x 5118.69 kj/kmol
= 24182.53731 kj/jam
Panas bahan keluar heater (Q8)
Aliran 8
Komponen
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
NH3
993.6971218
448
5689.38
5653522.222
H2O
4.724361246
448
5118.69
24182.53731
Q8
5677704.759
Panas yang diberikan steam

Qsteam = Q8-(Q5+Q12)
= 5677704.759 -(439999.791+ (-3745207.2)) kj/jam
= 8982912.155 kj/jam
Massa steam yang dibutuhkan
Berdasarkan van ness 2005, panas yg digunakan steam jenuh pada temperatur 230C;
tekanan 27,97 atm diperoleh panas laten = 1811,7 kj/kg
Qsteam
Massa steam = steam
8982912.155kj / jam
1.811,7 kj/kg
= 4958.28 kg/jam
Neraca Energi Total Heater NH3
Komponen
Q5
Q12
Q8
Qsteam
Total

-3745207.187
439999.791
5677704.759
8982912.155
5677704.759
5677704.759
Reaktor Bubble (R-01)

Reaksi:
HNO3(l) + NH3(g)
NH4NO3(aq)
Diagram alir :
R-01
Q8+Q9
Q10+Q14
Reaktan pada
Produk pada
H oR
H oP
H of 25oC
Gambar.F.2. Profil neraca energi di reaktor

a. Panas Aliran Masuk dan Keluar
Tabel F.10. Aliran 7 + Aliran8 (Q7 dan Q8)
Komponen
NH3
H2O
HNO3
H2O
m (kgmol/jam) Cp.dt (Kj/kmol) T1

993.6971218
5689.38
448
4.724361246
5118.69
448
552.0539566
18439.27
448
1288.534828
11439.62
448
H1 (kj/jam)
Panas laten
(kj/kg)
Komponen
massa (kg/jam)
HNO3
2.760269783
67511.36506
H2O
792.9202907
43595.06462
Total
Q (kJ/jam)
5653522.22
24182.54
10179470.53
14740343.01
30597518.30
Q (kJ/jam)
186349.58
34567411.32
186349.58
Tabel F.10. Aliran 9+ Aliran 13 (Q9 dan Q13)

Komponen
NH3
HNO3
H2O
NH4NO3
H2O
m (kgmol/jam) Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)

444.403435
5689.38
2.760269783
10274.58
792.9202907
5118.69
43970.95963
285.00
500.338898
11439.62
H2 (kj/jam)
Reaksi Standar
T2
448
448
448
448
448
Q (kJ/jam)
2528380.77
214710.19
34591593.85
12531723.49
5723684.62
55590092.93
b. Pana
s
Reaksi:
HNO3(l) + NH3(g)
NH4NO3(aq)
Data entalpi standar pada 25oC:

Hf NH3
= -45900 kJ/kmol
Hf HNO3
= -135100 kJ/kmol
Hf NH4NO3 = -364000 kJ/kmol

HoR referensi
= HF produk - HF reaktan
= -199942902 - (-20771030.12)
= -179171871.9 kJ/jam
HR
= H produk - H reaktan + H R
= 12531723.49 - 18213718.62 + (-179171871.9)
= - 184853867.00kJ/jam
R bernilai negatif, sehingga reaksi eksotermis

c. Menghitung panas yang harus diserap oleh air pendingin
QT = panas yang harus diserap untuk menurunkan temperatur reaktor (R-01) agar suhu
tetap 175 C = 448 K
QT
= H1 + (-HR) - H2 - Qloss
= 155950690.60 kJ/jam
d. Beban panas pendingin di R-01 (QP)

Pendingin yang digunakan adalah air dengan temperatur :
Media pendingin cooling water masuk pada 30 C dan keluar pada 45 C dari utilitas
(Ulrich, 1984).
Twi = 30oC = 303,1500 K
Two = 45oC = 318,1500 K
Jumlah air pendingin yang dibutuhkan

m cooling water
QT
cp H 2 O dt
= 138045.4929 kmol/jam = 7669.194051 kg/jam
Neraca Panas Reaktor

Aliran panas masuk Aliran panas keluar
Komponen
Energi (kJ/jam)
Energi (kJ/jam)
Panas Masuk (H1)
30597518.30
Panas Keluar (H2)
55590092.93
Panas Reaksi (-HR)
182473141.14
155950690.60
Q Sekeliling ( QT)
Qloss
1529875.915
213070659.44
213070659.44
Condenser (CO-01)
Diagram alir :
QHW
Q9
CO-01
Q10
QCW
Q10+QCW = Q11+QHW
Dengan:
QCW = Panas yang dibawa air pendingin masuk condenser
QHW = Panas yang dibawa air pendingin keluar condenser
Neraca panas masuk condenser (Qin condenser)
Qin condenser = m x cp x dT
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Kondisi : 4.4 atm
Qin NH3
= m x cp dT
= 444.403435 kmol/jam x 5689.38 kj/kmol
= 2528380.771 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x (cp dT + Hvl)
= 792.9202907 kmol/jam x (5118.69 kj/kmol +34567411.32 kj/kmol)
= 34385635.02 kj/jam
Qin HNO3
= m x (cp dT + Hvl)
= 2.760269783 kmol/jam x (10274.58 kj/kmol + 186349.58 kj/kmol)
= 214710.1863 kj/jam
Panas bahan masuk condenser (Q9)
Komponen
NH3
Massa (Kmol/jam)
444.403435
T1(K)
448
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
5689.38
H2O
792.9202907
448
5118.69
Q(KJ/Jam)
2528380.771
34591593.85
HNO3
2.760269783
448
10274.58
214710.1863
Q9
Panas laten
Komponen
HNO3
H2O
(kj/kg)
massa (kg/jam)
2.760269783
67511.36506
792.9202907
43595.06462
Total
Neraca panas keluar condenser (Qout condenser)
Temperatur bahan keluar = 325.163 K
Qout condenser = m x cp x dT
Kondisi : 4.4 atm
Q out NH3
= m x cp dT
= 444.403435 kmol/jam x 985.7375575 kj/kmol
= 438065.1566 kj/jam
Q out H2O
= m x cp dT
= 792.9202907 kmol/jam x 2961.26 kj/kmol
= 1619610.43 kj/jam
Q out HNO3 = m x cp dT
= 2.760269783 kmol/jam x 3030.62 kj/kmol
= 37276.87423 kj/jam
Panas bahan keluar condenser (Q10)
Komponen
NH3
H2O
HNO3
37334684.81
Q (kJ/jam)
186349.58
34567411.32
186349.58
(Reklaitis, 1983)

Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
Q(KJ/Jam)
444.403435
325.163
985.7375575
438065.1566
792.9202907
325.163
2961.26
1619610.43
2.760269783
325.163
3030.62
37276.87423
Q10
2066040.914
Media pendingin cooling water masuk pada 30 C dan keluar pada 45 C dari utilitas
(Ulrich, 1984).
Twi = 30oC = 303,1500 K
Two = 45oC = 318,1500 K

m cooling water
QT
cp H 2 O dt
= 31219.33806 kmol/jam = 1734.40767 kg/jam
Neraca Energi Total condenser 1

Komponen
Q9
37334684.81
Q10
2066040.914
Qpendingin
35268643.9
Total
37334684.81
37334684.81
Separator (SP-01)
Diagram alir :
Q10
SP-01
Q12
Q11
Q10 = Q11+Q12
Q10 = Panas bahan masuk Separator
Q11 = Panas yang dibawa liquid
Q12 = Panas yang dibawa gas
Neraca panas masuk Separator (Qin Separator)
Qin Separator = m x cp x dT
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Kondisi : 4.4 atm
Qin NH3
= m x cp dT
= 444.403435 kmol/jam x 985.7375575 kj/kmol
= 438065.1566 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 792.9202907 kmol/jam x 2961.26 kj/kmol
= 1619610.43 kj/jam
Qin HNO3
= m x cp dT
= 2.760269783 kmol/jam x 3030.62 kj/kmol
= 37276.87423 kj/jam
Panas bahan masuk (Q10)
Komponen
NH3
H2O
HNO3
Massa (Kmol/jam)
444.403435
792.9202907
2.760269783
Q10
T2(K)
325.163
325.163
325.163
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
985.7375575
2961.26
3030.62
Q(KJ/Jam)
438065.1566
1619610.43
37276.87423
2066040.914
Neraca panas keluar Separator (Q11)

Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 790.8074514 kmol/jam x 2045.60 kj/kmol
= 1617675.8 kj/jam
Qout HNO3 = m x cp dT
= 2.760269783 kmol/jam x 3030.62 kj/kmol
= 8365.322494 kj/jam
Panas bahan cair keluar (Q11)
Komponen
HNO3
H2O
Massa (Kmol/jam)
2.760269783
790.8074514
Q11
T1(K)
325.163
325.163
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
3030.62
2045.60
Q(KJ/Jam)
8365.322494
1617675.8
1626041.123
Neraca panas keluar Separator (Q12)

Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 2.112839335 kmol/jam x 915.66 kj/kmol
= 1934.634364 kj/jam
Qout NH3
= m x cp dT
= 444.403435 kmol/jam x 985.7375575 kj/kmol
= 438065.1566 kj/jam
Panas bahan gas keluar (Q12)
Komponen
NH3
H2O

444.403435
325.163
2.112839335
325.163
Q12
Neraca Energi Total Separator 1

Komponen
Q10
Q11
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)
985.7375575
915.66
Masuk (Kj/Jam)
2066040.914
Q(KJ/Jam)
438065.1566
1934.634364
439999.791
Keluar (Kj/Jam)
1626041.123
Q12
Total
439999.791
2066040.914
2066040.914
Evaporator (EV-01)
Fungsi : untuk menaikkan konsentrasi larutan ammonium nitrat dengan menguapkan
air
Q16
Q15
EV-01
Q17
Q15 = Q16+Q17
Q15 = Panas bahan masuk Evaporator
Q16 = Panas yang dibawa ke menuju evaporator (Ev-02)
Q17 = Panas yang keluar menuju evaporator (Ev-02)
Neraca panas masuk Evaporator (Qin Evaporator)
Qin Evaporator = m x cp x dT
Kondisi : 1 atm
Neraca panas komponen NH4NO3
Qin NH4NO3 = m x cp dT
= 43970.95963 kg /jam x 146.11 kj/kmol
= 6424479.95 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 500.338898 kmol/jam x 5786.50 kj/kmol
= 2895213.04 kj/jam
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Panas Masuk
Aliran 16
Komponen
NH4NO3
H2O
T1
massa (kg/jam)
43970.95963
500.338898
Titik Didih Campuran

Tblarutan = Tb pelarut + Tb campuran
374.8986
Cpl (kJ/kmol)
146.11
5786.50
Total
Q (KJ/Jam)
6424479.95
2895213.04
9319692.99
Tb campuran =
x Kb
( BMG 11 ) 1000
P
Dimana :
G1
= Berat zat terlarut (kg)
= Berat pelarut (kg)
Kb
= Konstanta air
BM
= Berat molekul
Tb campuran =
= 0.52
x Kb
( BMG 11 ) 1000
P
1000
x 0.52
( 43970.95963
) 9006.1002
80.05
= 31.71547195 oC
Tblarutan = Tb pelarut + Tb campuran
= 100 oC + 31.71547195
= 131.7154719 oC
= 404.7154719 K
Neraca keluar Evaporator
Qout H2O = m x (cpl dT + Hvl + cpg dT)
= 371.7688407 kmol/jam x (8055.986654kj/kmol + 41940.06667 kj/kmol +
3624.41 kj/kmol)
= 19934416.91 kj/jam
Panas Keluar
Aliran 17
Komponen
H2O
massa (kmol/jam)
371.7688407
T2
Cpl (kJ/kmol) Hvl (kJ/mol)
8055.986654
41940.06667

Qout NH4NO3 = m x cp dT
= 43970.95963 kg /jam x 202.76 kj/kmol
= 8915525.25 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
404.7154719
Cpg (kJ/kmol) Q (KJ/Jam)
3624.41
19934416.91
Total
19934416.91
= 128.5700573 kmol/jam x 8055.99 kj/kmol

= 1035758.67kj/jam
Aliran 18
T3
404.7154719
Komponen
massa (kg/jam) Cpl (kJ/kmol) Q (KJ/Jam)
NH4NO3
43970.95963
202.76
8915525.25
H2O
128.5700573
8055.99
1035758.67
Total
9951283.91
Neraca Energi Total
Komponen
Q15
Q16
Q17
Qsteam
Total

9319692.99
19934416.91
9951283.91
20566007.83
29885700.82
29885700.82
Mixing Tank (M-01)

Fungsi : untuk mencampurkan larutan dan padatan ammonium nitrat
Q27
Q20
M-01
Q21
Q20 + Q27 = Q21

Q20 = Panas bahan masuk Mixing tank
Q27 = Panas yang dibawa ke menuju Mixing tank (M-01)
Q21 = Panas yang keluar menuju Mixing tank (M-01)
Neraca panas masuk Mixing tank (Qin Mixing tank)
Qin Mixing tank = m x cp x dT
Kondisi : 1 atm
= 43970.9596 kg /jam x 223.60 kj/kmol
= 9831867.20 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.682659933 kmol/jam x 8901.26 kj/kmol
(Reklaitis, 1983)
= 32780.31 kj/jam
Aliran 20
Komponen
NH4NO3
H2O
massa (kmol/jam)
43970.9596
3.682659933
Total
Cp (J/mol.K)
223.60
8901.26
Q(KJ/Jam)
9831867.20
32780.31
9864647.51

Qin NH4NO3 = m x Cps Dt
= 1359.926585 kg /jam x 8.50 kj/kmol
= 11559.38 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x Cps Dt
= 0.113896699 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 17.55 kj/jam
Aliran 27
Komponen
massa (kmol/jam) Cps (J/mol.K) Q(KJ/Jam)
NH4NO3
1359.926585
8.50
11559.38
H2O
0.113896699
154.06
17.55
Total
11576.92
Panas keluar Mixing tank
= 45330.88618 kg /jam x 123.60 kj/kmol
= 5602762.17 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.796556632 kmol/jam x 4892.67 kj/kmol
= 18575.29 kj/jam
Aliran 21
Komponen
massa (kmol/jam) Cp (J/mol.K) Q(KJ/Jam)
NH4NO3
45330.88618
123.60
5602762.17
H2O
3.796556632
4892.67
18575.29
Total
5621337.47
Neraca Energi Total
Komponen
Q20
Q27
Q21
Masuk (Kj/Jam)
9864647.51
11576.92
Keluar (Kj/Jam)
5621337.47
Panas Pelehan
Total
4254886.97
9876224.43
9876224.43
Prilling Tower (PT-01)

Fungsi : untuk mengubah fasa produk dari lelehan menjadi butiran
Q22
Q23
PT-01
Q24
Q25
Q22 + Q23 = Q24+ Q25
Q22 = Panas bahan masuk Prilling Tower
Q23 = Panas udara masuk Prilling Tower
Q24 = Panas udara keluar menuju Prilling Tower
Q25 = Panas bahan keluar menuju Prilling Tower
Neraca panas masuk Prilling Tower (Qin Prilling Tower)
Qin Mixing tank = m x cp x dT
Kondisi : 1 atm
= 45330.88618 kg /jam x 123.60 kj/kmol
= 5602762.17 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.796556632 kmol/jam x 4892.67 kj/kmol
= 18575.29 kj/jam
Komponen massa (kmol/jam) Cp (J/mol.K) Q(KJ/Jam)
NH4NO3
45330.88618
123.60
5602762.17
H2O
3.796556632
4892.67
18575.29
Q22
5621337.47
Neraca panas komponen N2
Qin N2
= m x cp dT
= 2561.813366 kg /jam x 145.37 kj/kmol
= 24478.68 kj/jam
Neraca panas komponen O2
Qin O2
= m x cp dT
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Komponen
N2
O2
= 595.8648176 kmol/jam x 147.39 kj/kmol

= 87822.63 kj/jam
2561.813366
145.37
372402.83
595.8648176
147.39
87822.63
Q23
460225.47
Panas keluar Prilling Tower

Panas keluar = m x cp dT
Jika diasumsikan prilling tower bersifat adiabatic maka
panas masuk = panas keluar
dQ
= (m x cp Dt)out - (m x cp Dt)in = 0
dT
(m x cp Dt)out = (m x cp Dt)in
(m x cp Dt)out = 6081562.93 kj/jam
(m x cp Dt)udara keluar + (m x cp Dt)bahan keluar = 6081562.93 kj/jam
Suhu keluar Prilling tower (T) dapat diperoleh secara trial and error sehingga diperoleh
suhu keluar 333.9117752 K = 60.91177515 oC
Temperatur bahan keluar = 333.9117752 K (dengan trial and error)
= 45330.88618 kg /jam x 61.05 kj/kmol
= 2767451.41 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.796556632 kmol/jam x 1142.72 kj/kmol
= 4338.38 kj/jam
NH4NO3
45330.88618
61.05
2767451.41
H2O
3.796556632
1142.72
4338.38
Q25
2771789.79
Neraca panas komponen N2
Qout N2
= m x cp dT
= 2561.813366 kg /jam x 1044.92 kj/kmol
= 2676883.67 kj/jam
Neraca panas komponen O2
Qout O2
= m x cp dT
= 595.8648176 kmol/jam x 1062.14 kj/kmol
= 632889.48 kj/jam
N2
2561.813366
1044.92
2676883.67
O2
595.8648176
1062.14
632889.48
Q24
3309773.14
Neraca Energi Total

Komponen
Q22
Q23
Q24
Q25
Total

5621337.47
460225.47
3309773.14
2771789.79
6081562.93
6081562.935
Cooling Drum (C-01)

Diagram alir :
Qin NH4NO3
C-01
H2O
Qout NH4NO3
H2O
Neraca panas total : Q1 + Q Steam = Q2

dimana :
Qin
= Panas bahan masuk cooling drum
Qout
= Panas bahan keluar cooling drum
Neraca panas masuk cooling drum (Qin cooling drum)
Temperatur bahan masuk = 30.07606 C = 303.07606 K
Qin cooling drum = m x cp x dT
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Kondisi : 1 atm
= 45330.88618 kg/jam x 61.05 kj/kmol
= 2767451.406 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.796556632 kmol/jam x 1142.72 kj/kmol
= 4338.383956 kj/jam
Komponen
Massa (Kmol/jam)
T1(K)
Cp.dt (Kj/kmol) Q(KJ/Jam)
H2O
333.912
1142.72
4338.383956
3.796556632
45330.88618
333.912
NH4NO3
61.05
2767451.406
Q25
2771789.79
Neraca panas keluar cooling drum
Temperatur bahan keluar = 175C = 448 K
Qout cooling drum = m x cp x dT

= 45330.88618 kmol/jam x 8.50 kj/kmol
= 385312.5325 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.796556632 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 584.8919325 kj/jam
Panas bahan keluar cooling drum
(Reklaitis , 1983)
Komponen
H2O
NH4NO3
Massa (Kmol/jam) T1(K) Cp.dt (Kj/kmol) Q(KJ/Jam)

3.796556632
303
154.06
584.8919325
45330.88618
303
8.50
385312.5325
Q26
385897.4245
Media pendingin cooling air masuk pada 30 C dan keluar pada 45 C dari utilitas (Ulrich,
1984).
Twi = 30oC = 303,1500 K
Two = 45oC = 318,1500 K
m cooling water
QT
cp H 2 O dt
= 2111.960431 kmol/jam = 117.331135 kg/jam
Neraca Energi Total cooling drum

Komponen
Q25
Q26
Qpendingin
Total

2771789.79
385897.4245
2385892.366
2771789.79
2771789.79
Screener (S-01)
Fungsi : untuk menyaring ukuran yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi produk yang
diinginkan
Q26
Q27
S-01
Q28
Q26 = Q27 + Q28

Q26 = Panas bahan Masuk screener
Q27 = Panas yang dibawa ke menuju Mixing tank (M-01)
Q28 = Panas yang keluar menuju Coating Drum (CD-01)
Neraca panas masuk screener (Qin screener)
Qin screener = m x cp x dT
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Kondisi : 1 atm
= 45330.88618 kg /jam x 8.50 kj/kmol
= 385312.53 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.796556632 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 584.89 kj/jam
Komponen
massa (kmol/jam) Cp (J/mol.K)
Q(KJ/Jam)
NH4NO3
45330.88618
8.50
385312.53
H2O
3.796556632
154.06
584.89
Q26
385897.4245
Qin NH4NO3 = m x Cps Dt
= 1359.926585 kg /jam x 8.50 kj/kmol
= 11559.38 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x Cps Dt
= 0.113896699 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 17.55 kj/jam
Aliran 27
Komponen
massa (kmol/jam) Cp (J/mol.K)
Q(KJ/Jam)
NH4NO3
1359.926585
8.50
11559.38
H2O
0.113896699
154.06
17.55
Q27
11576.92
Panas keluar screener
= 43970.9596 kg /jam x 8.50 kj/kmol
= 373753.16 kj/jam
= m x cp dT
= 3.682659933 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 567.35 kj/jam
Qout H2O
Aliran 28
Komponen
NH4NO3
H2O
massa (kmol/jam)
43970.9596
3.682659933
Q28
Neraca Energi Total
Kompone
n
Q26
Q27
Q28
Total
Masuk (Kj/Jam)
Cp (J/mol.K)
8.50
154.06
Q(KJ/Jam)
373753.16
567.35
374320.50
Keluar (Kj/Jam)
385897.42
11576.92
374320.50
385897.42
385897.42
Coating Drum (CD-01)

Fungsi : untuk melapisi produk dengan Ca3(PO4)2
Q29
Q28
S-01
Q30
Q28+ Q29 = Q30
Q28 = Panas bahan Masuk Coating Drum
Q29 = Panas bahan dari screener (S-01)
Q30 = Panas yang keluar menuju Silo (S-01)
Neraca panas masuk Coating Drum (Qin Coating Drum)
Qin Coating Drum = m x cp x dT
Kondisi : 1 atm
= 43970.9596 kg /jam x 8.50 kj/kmol
= 373753.16 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.682659933 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 567.35 kj/jam
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Komponen
NH4NO3
H2O
massa (kmol/jam)
43970.9596
3.682659933
Q28
Cp (J/mol.K)
8.50
154.06
Q(KJ/Jam)
373753.16
567.35
374320.50
Neraca panas komponen Ca3(PO4)2

Qin Ca3(PO4)2 = m x Cps Dt
= 152.3516414 kg /jam x 4.0905 kj/kmol
= 623.19 kj/jam
Neraca panas komponen SO4
Qin SO4
= m x Cps Dt
= 0.008055819 kg /jam x 339.30 kj/kmol
= 2.73 kj/jam
Qin H2O
= m x Cps Dt
= 0.085928732 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 13.24 kj/jam
Komponen
Ca3(PO4)2
623.19
152.3516414
4.0905
SO4
0.008055819
339.30
2.73
H2O
0.085928732
154.06
13.24
Q29
639.17
Panas keluar Coating Drum
= 43970.9596 kg /jam x 8.50 kj/kmol
= 373753.16 kj/jam
Qout H2O
= m x cp dT
= 3.768588664 kmol/jam x 154.06 kj/kmol
= 580.58 kj/jam
Neraca panas komponen Ca3(PO4)2
Qout Ca3(PO4)2= m x cp dT
= 152.3516414 kg /jam x 4.0905 kj/kmol
= 623.19 kj/jam
Neraca panas komponen SO4
Qout SO4
= m x cp dT
= 0.008055819 kmol/jam x 339.30 kj/kmol
= 2.73 kj/jam
Komponen
NH4NO3
H2O
Ca3(PO4)2
SO4
massa (kmol/jam)
43970.9596
3.768588664
152.3516414
0.008055819
Q30
Cp (J/mol.K)
8.50
154.06
4.0905
339.30
Neraca Energi Total

Kompone
n
Q28
Q29
Q30
Total

374320.50
639.17
374959.67
374959.67
374959.67
Q(KJ/Jam)
373753.16
580.58
623.19
2.73
374959.67

Lampiran B Neraca Energi

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Lampiran B Neraca Energi

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LAMPIRAN B

Temperatur Referensi = 25oC = 298 K

Berat molekul (gr/mol)

Titik Didih (K)

-182.16 3.36E+00 -1.44E-02

Specific Heat (J/Kg) Cair

Specific Heat padat

Data Panas Perubahan Fasa Komponen (Reklaitis, 1983)

: (310476.84 + 493819.67 ) = 804296.51 kj/jam

Neraca Energi Total Pompa

Neraca panas total : Q6 + Q Steam = Q7

Neraca panas keluar heater

Massa (Kmol/jam) T1(K)

24115517.03 kj/ jam

Masuk (Kj/Jam) Keluar (Kj/Jam)

Neraca panas keluar

Masuk (Kj/Jam) Keluar (Kj/Jam)

Neraca panas total : Q5 + Q12+Q Steam = Q8

Temperatur bahan masuk = 448 K

Neraca panas keluar heater

Panas yang diberikan steam

Masuk (Kj/Jam) Keluar (Kj/Jam)

Reaktor Bubble (R-01)

Gambar.F.2. Profil neraca energi di reaktor

m (kgmol/jam) Cp.dt (Kj/kmol) T1

Tabel F.10. Aliran 9+ Aliran 13 (Q9 dan Q13)

m (kgmol/jam) Cp.dt (Kj/kmol)

Data entalpi standar pada 25oC:

Hf NH4NO3 = -364000 kJ/kmol

R bernilai negatif, sehingga reaksi eksotermis

d. Beban panas pendingin di R-01 (QP)

Jumlah air pendingin yang dibutuhkan

Neraca Panas Reaktor

Massa (Kmol/jam) T2(K)

Jumlah air pendingin yang dibutuhkan

Neraca Energi Total condenser 1

Neraca panas keluar Separator (Q11)

Neraca panas keluar Separator (Q12)

Massa (Kmol/jam) T1(K)

Neraca Energi Total Separator 1

Titik Didih Campuran

= Berat zat terlarut (kg)

= Berat pelarut (kg)

Neraca panas komponen NH4NO3

= 128.5700573 kmol/jam x 8055.99 kj/kmol

Masuk (Kj/Jam) Keluar (Kj/Jam)

Mixing Tank (M-01)

Q20 + Q27 = Q21

Neraca panas komponen NH4NO3

Prilling Tower (PT-01)

= 595.8648176 kmol/jam x 147.39 kj/kmol

Panas keluar Prilling Tower

Neraca Energi Total

Masuk (Kj/Jam) Keluar (Kj/Jam)

Cooling Drum (C-01)

Neraca panas total : Q1 + Q Steam = Q2

Qout cooling drum = m x cp x dT

Massa (Kmol/jam) T1(K) Cp.dt (Kj/kmol) Q(KJ/Jam)

Neraca Energi Total cooling drum

Masuk (Kj/Jam) Keluar (Kj/Jam)

Q26 = Q27 + Q28

Coating Drum (CD-01)

Neraca panas komponen Ca3(PO4)2