1

. , , .1
, 100% 24 .
.
.1
.2
.3
.4

.2
.1
.2
.3
.4

, .3
)Nitroprusside (Nipride .1
)Propranolol (Inderal .2
)Verapamil (Calan .3
)Digoxin (Lanoxin .4

.4. , 46 ,
. : ,140/88 : , 108 26 , . 39.8
PH -7.29, PaCO2- 54 mmHg , PaO2- 60 mmHg, HCO3- 24mEq/L:

.1 90% PaO2- 60 mmHg
.2 90% PaO2- 60 mmHg
.3 90% PaO2- 60 mmHg
.4 90% PaO2- 60 mmHg

.5
.1 "
.2 DO2
.3 VO2
.4

. 67 , AAA .6
. 4 ,
.
.1
.2
.3
.4

.7
Stress ulcer - .1
Mesenteric event - .2
.3
.4
 2

:
Intrapulmonary shunting .8
.1
.2
- .3
.4

: .9
.1
.2
.3
.4

. 54 ARF , .10
ARF
Prerenal .1
Intrarenal medullary .2
Intrarenal Cortical .3
Postrenal .4

. 54 , , 72" , : .11
IMV, 40% 6 , , 700" . PH-7.3, PaCO2-52mmHg ,
. PaO2- 84mmHg, HCO3-24mEq/L
.1
TV .2
TV .3
.4

. , , 55 . .12
" ." 12 ST . V1-6 :
" ,80/60 33, 114 RAP-4 mmHg, PAP-40/26 mmHg, PAWP-24,
mmHg, CO-3.6 L/min, CI-1.7 L/min/m2, SVR-1400dynes/sec/cm5, PVR-156 dynes/sec/cm5
. : , .
.PH-7.25, PaCO2-54mmHg , PaO2- 64mmHg, HCO3-20mEq/L ,SAT-92% -

, 10"/"/ .1
,100% .2
, IABP .3
,100% .4

. 21 , . .13
, , .
Ringer lactate .1
Normal saline 0.9% .2
Dextrose 10% .3
Albumin .4

" 2 , .14

.1
 3
.2
.3 6
.4 24

" , Vasopressin " 30, 100/60 .15

" , 187/110
.1
.2
.3
.4

" , .16

, PT PTT .1
ALT .2
CEA AST .3
LDH .4

. , .PCI .17
," VPB'S

.1
.2
.3
.4

ARDS .18
.1
FRC .2
.3
FRC .4

. 55 , ,, .19
, S3 ,
3/ , 2"
, . :" ,74/60 RAP-4 mmHg,, 120
PAP-44/26 mmHg, PAWP-22 mmHg, CO-3.8 L/min, CI-1.8 L/min/m2, SVR-
. 1350dynes/sec/cm5, PVR-210 dynes/sec/cm5
.1
.2
.3
.4

Wedge , .20
"
10"/ ," CI-1.2 L/min/m2, PAWP-26 mmHg , 80/50 .1
15"/ ," CI-1.9 L/min/m2, PAWP-26 mmHg , 95/60 .2
20"/ ," CI-2.5 L/min/m2, PAWP-18 mmHg , 110/60 .3
12"/ ," CI-2.5 L/min/m2, PAWP-16 mmHg , 96/60 .4

, Diabetic insipidus .21

 4
, , .1
, , .2
, , .3
, , .4

) (RVEDV .22
) (LVEDV
.1
.2
.3
.4

.23
.1
.2
.3
.4

.24
,CO/CI , SVR SVO2 .1
,CO/CI , SVR SVO2 .2
,CO/CI , SVR SVO2 .3
,CO/CI , SVR SVO2 .4

. , 50 6 , .25
" ,
. DIC
, PT+PTT , , .1
FSP'S
, PT+PTT , , FSP'S .2
PT+PTT , , .3
FSP'S
PT+PTT , , FSP'S .4

DIC .26
.1
.2
.3
.4

. ,55 , , 70" . .27

.
TV-300 ," VC -650," 28 , -MIP -10 ," 95% .1
TV-450 ," VC -900," 22 , -MIP -25 ," 95% .2
TV-500 ," VC -750," 28 , -MIP -25 ," 88% .3
TV-200 ," VC -450," 28 , MIP -10 ," 88% .4

.28 ,
T-Piece .1
 5
IMV .2
PSV .3
Assist-control .4

, .29
, :
.1
.2
.3
.4

24 , .30
,COMA
ARF .1
.2
.3
.4

.31
.1
.2
.3
.4

. 55 , , .32
PH-7.25, PaCO2-54mmHg , PaO2- 64mmHg, ,HCO3-20mEq/L : .92%

.1
.2
.3
.4

.33
NaCl 0.9% .1
D5W .2
Ringer lactate .3
D5- NaCl 0.45% .4

. 22 , , .34
,
.1
.2
.3
.4

CSF " .35

 6
.1
.2
.3
" .. .4

PTCA LAD .36

4
.1
.2
.3
.4

.37. ,57 , .
,
,
.1
.2
.3
.4

.38
.1
.2
.3 +
.4

.39 K- 4, Glucose- 450 :"/",

. PH -7.2
.1
.2 IV
.3
.4 IV

MgSO4 VT , , .40
,
1/" .1
500" .2
1 .3
1.5" /" .4

.41
.1
.2
.3
.4

23 ,ARF .42
, , ,
,
.1
.2
.3
 7
.4

.43
.1
.2
.3
.4

) (Femoral-popliteal , .44
, ,
femoral .1
femoral .2
popliteal .3
Dorsalis pedis .4

.45
.1
.2
.3
" .4

.46
.1
" .2
.3
.4

, .47
, 160mEq/L
.1
.2
.3
.4

.48
.1
.2
.3
.4

, CO SaO2 .49
CaO2 .1
DO2 .2
VO2 .3
A-a gradient .4

. 72 .50
, , .

.1
3 .2
6 .3
 8
12 .4

.51
.1
Dysarthria .2
.3
MI .4

, , , .52

9+10 .1
1+2 .2
3+6 .3
8+11 .4

ACE .53
.1
.2
.3
.4

Preload .54
RAP .1
LAP .2
PAP .3
PAWP .4

, .55
.1
.2
.3
.4

Guillain .56
'Barre
.1
.2
.3
.4

. CABG MAP 105" " .57

:
.1
.2
.3
.4

.58 "
Nitroprusside .1
Nitroglycerin .2
Labetalol .3
 9
Nifedipine .4

97% SVO2 , 55% .59

.1
.2
.3
CI .4

. 76 , .60
" . :" , 180/96 90
, 26, ," ST T ,

.1
.2
.3
.4

" .61
" .1
.2
.3
.4

.62. 22 , ,
. :"
,120/82 110 , 36 .37.1

.1
.2
.3
.4

.63
.1
.2
.3
.4

.64
.1
.2
.3
.4

.65
'
.1
 10
.2
.3
.4

.66. 24 ,
,

Dysprosody .1
.2
.3
Dysphagia .4

.67 " , ,

.1
.2
.3
.4

.68 65 .
. : 110/76
58 18 , "

III .1
III .2
II Mobitz I .3
II Mobitz II .4
 11
.69 "
.1
.2 IV
.3
.4 ISOPROTERENOL

.70 , ,
,
DIC .1
.2
.3
.4

.71 mm3/10000
.1
.2
.3"
.4

.72 45 ," T
, V2-V3 ,

.1
.2
.3 t-PA
.4

.73. 32 ,
. 1.040
SIADH
.1
.2
.3
.4

.74 "
.1
.2
.3
D5W .4

.75 7mEq/L
.1
.2 "
.3
.4
 12
.76 ,
.
AICD .4
, AICD 3 ,
,
1" .I
1.5" /" .II
200' 360' .III

3,1,3,2 .1
1,3,2,3 .2
1,2,3 .3
3,2,3,1 .4

.77. 65 ,
, ,
:
.1
.2
.3
.4

.78
T-Piece .1
IMV .2
PSV .3
Assist-control .4

.79
.1
.2
.3
.4

.80
.1
.2
.3
.4

.81
.1
.2
.3
.4

.82 ,
ATN
.1 5mEq/L
PH-7.36 .2
.3 50"/
MAP 58mmHg .4
 13

.83
PAWP .1
PAdP .2
CI .3
PAsP .4

.84. 34 . ,
,
.1
.2 "
.3
.4

.85. , Exploratory thoracotomy

. :" ,80/40 32, 120 ,
. RAP-16 mmHg, PAP-40/20 mmHg, PAWP-18 mmHg, CI-2 L/min/m2
, ,
.
.1 ,
.2 200' ,
.3 200' ,
.4 ,

.86
CI- 4.5 L/min/m2 .1
Hb- 16g/dl .2
PaO2>100mmHg .3
MAP>80mmHg .4

.87
.1
.2
.3
.4

.88 DKA
.1 NS
.2
.3
.4 D50W 50" 250" /"

.89 Nifedipine
.1 Afterload
.2 Preload
.3
.4

.90 , PH
.1 1-3
.2 3.5-5
.3 5.5-7
 14
.4 7.5-9

.91. 45 ,
. , . 70"
" ,
.1
.2
.3 ) (
.4

.92 , 1 .NS
)!(
200 .1"/
400 .2"/
800 .3"/
1000 .4"/

Nitroprusside .93
.1 )(Cardioacceleratory center
.2
.3
.4 --

.94 ,
.1
.2
.3 Preload
.4 Afterload

.95 ICP
.1
.2
.3
.4

.96
O2<70%, SVR<800dynes/sec/cm5, PAWP>10 mmHg , CI>3 L/min/m2 .1
O2>70%, SVR<800dynes/sec/cm5, PAWP<10 mmHg , CI>3 L/min/m2 .2
O2<70%, SVR>800dynes/sec/cm5, PAWP>10 mmHg , CI<3 L/min/m2 .3
O2>70%, SVR>800dynes/sec/cm5, PAWP<10 mmHg , CI<3 L/min/m2 .4

.97 ,
.1 30-40"
.2 30"
.3 40"
.4

.98
.1"
BUN .2
.3
 15
.4

.99 _________ ,
.1
.2
.3
.4

.100 , , ,
ATN ARF
, NS .1
.2 ,
.3 ,
.4 ,
 16

2007