--C- 10 --v- 2011 -- j--- 2

Srinivasa Rao, wrong - due to, was closed verb y n

Marturu. *aC d. .
Q. Dangling participle Correct: Owing to the rain the school was 'without firing a bul-
N? closed/ The school was closed owing to the let shot'
A. First of all there are rain.
two participles- a- USSR
present day usage due to j
1) The present partici- N ---i--C, -x p--LC. '
ple or the '..ing' vA--
-l p ---Lq--
form. USSR p--LC E n --a. (F Vh K J-TC. Eo p Ah-J*
.
e.g. : going, coming, etc.
 This being a violation of the code.
Q. Present participle preposition
L. 'p-- ? )
2) The past participle: gone, seen, did, (The car is too expensive. How can I buy it?
-T- ---. A. This being a violation of the code - C E-
killed, etc. =
A. Present participle as preposition is not very -R x- --x C sentence K \ --.
Now look at the sentence: Being = --?)
common. However, in the sentence, she is , n Jh --x. \
Walking along the street, a car knocked him It's time/ It's high time/ time (that) you
busy cooking dinner. x.
down- walking (down the street) pre-  He came with a reputation of being tough trimmed it = Eo (Vh) p AhJ*
Cooking, the present participle is used as a
\
sent participle officer. -LqC. structure ,
preposition, governing the nouns 'dinner'
? n f h
walking down the street, a car = f A. being = It's time/ It's high time/ time y p
Q. Antecedent, adjuncts
- / /
h , knocked him down = N? x. past tense hC.
A. Antecedent = aC E n. It's time/ time/ It's time that he got married =
dC. DE n hC? 'f The reputation of being a tough officer =
Sentence E , u pro- --p Rx -E LqC.
Q. 1) Meet your grand father. He will feel happy

It's time that he got married

2) He switched off the refrigerator. It would
defrost so as
OE combine
--T*
N-Eo ---.
A. If you meet your grand father he will feel
happy = y O --
h E dC E Strict officer - Meet your grand father so as
--h =
 The other member, being it's presi- to make him happy.
-x--- 638
? x f - . F ,
present participle, walking down the road, dent Mr. Rao. He switched off the refrigerator so as to
a car E --x, f-- / - A. being its president = u-~- defrost it. So as to =
u- = l-
ho car N-K-n hC. -- noun J J* .
p, \ participle dangling participle/ C antecedent -  The officials dismissed the possibil- so as - .
unrelated participle . dangling C. M.SURESAN ity of fuel adulteration or stones E so that/ to .
participle sentence / x-x He bought a car and it is fine. being put in the oil tank. Meet your grand father so as to make him
p n hC. \ -h-oC 'he' d, \ 'it', E o car J* A. Being put = -- happy = Meet your grand father so that he
C. d, car is the antecedent of it.  He is being mischievous. can be happy/ to make him happy = Meet
walking down the car , he _-
your grand father to make him feel happy
j n hC : This is a book which is very useful- 'book' is A. Is being = -o.
While he was walking down the street ( the antecedent of 'which'. He is being mischievous ( *L- - ( *JC n C.)
He switched off the refrigerator so that it
f -h-o-p), a car knocked Adjunct: An adverb/ a phrase which adds to o/ o ~) would defrost.
him down (car E dC). C the meaning of the verb.  Her tonsured head, chopped legs were indi-
Q. Antonyms
cators of this being case of human sacrifice.
N. N, passive voice . C- --.
a) He came here last night - 'last
1) Precious 2) Pious 3) Wonderful

: night' is the adjunct of 'came'. A. .... this being a case of human sacrifice =
4) Simplicity 5) Patience 6) Entire (whole)
Walking down the street, he was knocked b) She listened to him patiently - 'patiently' is C L -C-*-C E.
 The recent case of an airhostess being 7) Sacred 8) Melodious 9)Fame 10) Prompt
down by the car - participle, walking
\ the adjunct of 'listened'.
molested. 11) Enough 12) Severe 13) Sacrifice
down the road, he _- --x, 'f- Q. Her being elected the president of the party,
A. An airhostess being molested = 14) Auspicious
the ministers congratulated her.
- h j n hC. --
A. 1. Precious Worthless/ Trivial
uEo
Dangling participle J-Eo examples, The Ministers congratulated her to have

corrections: j L- n-Fo 'Being' o. 2. Pious Impious
been elected the president of the party
3. Wonderful Ordinary/ Common place
E
Running away with the stolen money, a Being v , n /
4. Simplicity Complexity
p -d?
policeman caught him - h a n! A. Her being elected to the party the president,
x/ /
A policeman running away with the stolen Being + past participle - a) being + put (pp of 5. Patience Fretful/ Restless/ Nervous/
the minister congratulated her-
money. put) = - Impatient
(T-L-* s J--o The sentence is not correct.
caught him b) being molested (being + past participle of 6. Entire Partial
M) (E d--o p 'The minister congratulated her to have
molest) = -- 7. Sacred Profane/ Unholy
? been elected to the party', is not correct
Correction: being + pp j p-x passive form - 8. Melodious Rancour
either.
While he was running with the stolenmoney,
C. 9. Fame Obscurity
The correct form of the sentence is:
a policeman caught him/ Running away with
It being a holiday, we were at home ( 10. Prompt Delayed
The minister congratulated her on her hav-
the stolen money he was caught by a police-
--x, x o). 11. Enough Short/ Scarce
ing been elected president of the party/ on Being ill, he was weak (s x,
man/ A policeman caught him running away 12. Severe Mild
her election as president of the party.
13. Sacrifice Gain

with the stolen money.
F- o).
round about Being seen here (\ -- Being
14 Auspicious Inauspicious
pa.
Q. Due to, owing to J* N-J. Her having been elected president of the + pp of see) is not good = *C
A. Due to = Owing to = because of = -x. party, the minister congratulated her- F, O being, being + pp n. M.S.N. Hareesh, Kurnool.
Most of our problems are due to our corrupt C xd . Being y noun/ adj h x/ Q.
politicians ( -u-Fo N-FA C -x u- - ---.
K.S.R, Marturu. LT o--x n h. You have been able to convince him.
Being a minister (minister -- noun; vA
---- x).
The school was closed owing to rain ({ A. You have been able to convince him =
Q. C vA u being C. Eo o--x), he has a lot of influence
x --C/ -). ux n --T--. Being ( -- C) y a--p--L-.
Q. Mr. Uma Maheswara Rao must have been
-C, due to sentence Eo n- --T--a N-J-- Being tall, (tall - adj - _ o--x) she
able to incite Savithri to that crime.
v- F, verb y--F -Eo . can play well ( --)
A.
 The U.S.S.R. collapsed without being a
~--h. ---y-- N-vAE- - --E J-Lp
T. Siva, Nandikotkur. / L ( ).
Due to the rain the school was closed - bullet shot.
Q. Miss Rehana might have been able to pass
wrong - due to sentence
v-G A. word group 'being' - J- Q. Your hair is too long. It's time you trimmed
the C.A. exam last year.
d. them. structure explain
--.
A.
-x n . n --L -j a ().
The school was closed due to the rain - -- , USSR p--LC A. Your hair is too long. It's time you trimmed it.

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--C- 24 --v- 2011 -- j--- 2

A. Sudhakar, Bhiknur. Hyderabad? again:

Q. Please divide into A. Verb - does start = starts - Present simple - A present participle
Tense and time given denoting an action in the immediate future. (the '... ing' form) -
below sentences. Q. Can I have some milk before I go to bed? e.g.: going, walking,
 I shall write another A. Can have - present tense - request in the writing etc- used as
letter. present, go - Present simple. a noun is a gerund.
 I wrote the letter. That is, if you use
Dileep Tahil, Yellandu. an '... ing' form as
 I am writing the letter
Q. Sir, clarify the following doubts. 1) the subject of a sentence,
now. help me - correct. d \ 'would' a
i) exchange (ii) Interchange. Please give the 2) the object of a verb or
A. I shall write another letter. tense vo .
meanings of the above mentioned words. 3) the object of a preposition, the '...ing' for
Shall write- future simple He said that he would help me - \ 'would
A. Exchange = give something to
( - Jp = becomes a gerund. (, '... ing' form , future from the past (---* N-u)
someone and at the same time take from
h.)
sentence subject verb Q. -q, , V x (Sunday...
Wrote - Past simple -
F,
. them the same type of things/ *a--a- object preposition object
Saturday) Morning... Night. - --
am writing - Present Continuous -
F,
gerund
h-o .
(p). a) They exchange rings =
F C -C. Eo letter capital ?
x - e.g.: a) Walking is good for health. (-
Q. She would rather we stayed till tomorrow. A. English -q--, u--F, x-
ao/ *a--a--o. -u-E *C) sentence walking ? d capital letter vG
A. Would rather.... stayed - present tense - b) The two countries exchanged prisoners = '... ing' form subject d C gerund.
refers to an improbable situation in the pre- vo .
jD- Jp --o. b) I like walking - \ 'walking' '... ing'
sent - p --EC, F --E Interchange = 1) to share ideas/ information form, like verb object d, C
(Monday, Tuesday etc) x
January, February, etc) v capitals
v-G-L. (morning/ evening, etc)

Please come up the dais! gerund.

v -- L, capital
vG---.
Q. bank money deposit . He
deposited the money in the bank/ with the
bank - which one is correct?
A. Deposited in the bank - correct.
-C. c) with a view to having some exer-
Q. It has been raining all night.
A. Has been raining - present perfect continu- -x--- 639 cise, I started walking -
tence walking, to
sen-

prepo-
C
Q. Please come on to the dais or I request him
to come on to the dais. Which one of the
ous -
sition gerund above sentences is correct?
-- * - d, D ----C.
h C. etc = -, -Eo -J-- Q. Ravi is taller than Krishna. A. Please come on to the dais, correct .
Q. My uncle is arriving tomorrow.
Krishna is as tall as Ravi. stage stage
*a--a- n, C O , -- OC
A. is arriving - present continuous referring to Exchange -- M.SURESAN sentence Ravi Krishna please come up the dais
y-E--,
definite future - h-o. C. There was an inter- . J sentence .Announcers/ Anchors etc. stage
Q. I have finished my work just now. change of ideas between the two groups
Krishna Ravi C-J . u \ EaE A-- y-E---p,
A. Have finished just now - Present Perfect during the discussion = a - N-J---. please go up the dais .
Tense - ~ -- J , --Eo -
A. Ravi is taller than Krishna- N, %g Q. He addressed his speech from on the dais.
p (E) Jh--.
Q. I received his letter a week ago.
p *a a--o. n
interchange - \. --E-- \ n A. He addressed his speech from on the dais-
A. Received..... (a week ago) - Past simple - \ 'taller' E L d, C 'compara- This sentence is wrong.
\ interchange E n - tive' degree. ( E n d) A person addresses an audience/ a gather-
*a--i - J-T E
to change the positions of two things/ per-
( h v JC.)
sons with that of each other = Krishna is not as tall as Ravi - %g, N ing/ a meeting, etc. but not a speech/ a
Q. When I reached the station the train had - -. \ 'tall' d, C pos- meeting.
started (So I couldn't get into the train)
h/ l uh n--- -p
itive degree.
a. Address: You
-x l-P* v-T-.
A. Reached - past tense - Q. Please translate the below sentences into can say, 'He addressed the gathering/ the
J-T E a) The ministers' portfolios were inter-
When I reached the station - station
English.
changed = audience from the dais - correct.
the train had started (train
-p- (), l v
F f E--f. \ .
had started - Past perfect Y. Gayathri, Asifabad.
u, -JC --J a.
A. You are blocking my way/ You are in my
-l-J--C)
b) The time tables of Monday and Tuesday
tense -
way. Please stand aside. Q.
J-T x,
have been interchanged = C - - n ---.
Past Perfect (had + Past participle)
-,
Q.  Indologist
EE
time tables E -E -E x o o
(Train
-. -l- . -- -E
-E the train had started y a n --. A. -B Jv, \%A, v--j h -
Q. As if. -D-Eo ---- N-J---. A. His father will misunderstand me. He will
JTC. When I reached - --p- -, E u- -x.
A. As if = as though = -x. F, = think that I pushed him intentionally  Indological
reached - Past Simple).
Q. I won't go out if it rains. appearing to be, but not really. He behaves (E). A. -B \%A, J-v -C-*.
as if/ as though he were the cleverest boy in Raju, Atukulapalli.  Crusader - saint
A. I won't go = will not go - future simple;
the class =
rains = present simple if it rains - condition- A. Crusader =
-J u L-N-
Q. Please clarify the following doubts * N-Eo C--,
al clause
jx (F ) v-Jh-h.
(-h)  Even huge mountains would be like tiny - Bv, D` vo --
Imp: Note that as if/ as though are always fol-
Q. This time tomorrow I will be sitting on the particles of sand. ---.
lowed by was/ were, but refer to the pre-
beach in Singapore. underline Past Tense or Present Crusader - saint = u J
sent.
A. Will be sitting - future continuous tense - Tense? F-. Gandhi was a crusader- saint
It is as if/ as if he were giving/ was giving his
Nu-h -- --- A. 'Would here indicates improbable present - for peace and non-violence = A,
money = s *a--xC/
N. vh -E/ J OxE N-Eo Bv vo/ J-
Q. I will be staying here till Sunday.
*axEho (F ). F D.
Q. You are not supposed to do it.
--C.
A. will be staying - future continuous tense; use  Female-Foeticide
uEo
n: l-l y- *o -
-
---- N-J---.
--C - Nu-h -- --- A.
A. You are not supposed to do it = you are not
x . (E--- La--p sn P-u (d---oC -x E
N-.
expected/ you must not to do it (according
v h ) C . L, -G-f d- s-v )
Q. I shall have written my exercise by three. If I were you, I would do it - y-  Pandora
to rule/ orders from Superiors) = E--,
A. Shall have written - future perfect tense - ( y N - A. Pandora E--, \-, opening a
c- J* --E E.
Nuh --E h --- Boys are not supposed to tease girls = Boys
~ ) C -h. Pandora's box . n
N. n: (by three = -- must not tease girls = s-, t x 'would' improbable present. J L-T -E .
x) h . Q. He says that he would help me what is the The govt has opened a Pandora's box by
12th
Q. The school opens on June.
C---.
Q. 'Gerund' please give meaning with one meaning of the underlined word is it Past making caste based reservations = - -
A. Opens - Present simple tense, indicating a Tense or Present Tense? Please explain.
example. J-y--x - ---x
definite action in future - N-u-h A. He says that he would help me -
A. 'Gerund' has been explained a number of \ vy J--- --C.
-E --- N. times before. However, we are explaining it would He says he will
- J-.
Q. When does the next train leave for

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--C- 1 - 2011 -- j--- 2

K. Srinivasa Rao, Martur. Dictionary . , * English -sEo d

Q. Sir, The choice lies News paper (Hindu C) vA-V - C. :
between the three candi- p -. vA-W He was tired, as he
dates E B.B.Jain English News telecast F morning -K, had worked the
v-- C. vA -K . OJ--h whole day =
among j E x O vocabulary improvement E--, d -
C. N-J---. C. -- nA
A. The choice lies
T. Siva, Nandikotkur.
o. (-
between the three candi- ) .
dates - \ 'Three candidates' J* Q. Attributive Adjectives, Predicative adjec- He got tired of telling his friend not to smoke
tives, Participial adjectives
2) p- \ --l-J-.
vh-N-h-o-p- choice is between
j. --- = NvE - --E p p  Rid of - Get rid of
The choice lies among the three, o-p NJ--. ---/ N-T--. A. To get rid of = to be rid of =
A.
-a--.
n h a, three E, Attributive Predicative He felt tired after the day's work = V He got rid of/ is rid of his troubles = -a-
Adjectives
h-- , _ uh- n Adjectives f v-x - E--*---. o / Nh .
Bo-. The choice lies among the The blue sky The sky is blue u -E:  Altogether - All together
three (men) - p 'x _
The beautiful girl The girl is beautiful 1) j p --\--. A. Altogether = On the whole = h-O.
-Lq N C n
The great player The player is great - \ a. a) It was a great party altogether = It was a
hC. 2) 'Tire' vh \- N-T- great party on the whole =
Q. A-- C O y-E---p h-O
Noun (sky, girl, player) party
n --o.
beloved, august, distinguished, honourable, j. p- J-TC.
a) You tire me with your silly jokes = F *a
b) His visits here had become irregular and
stopped altogether =

I am tired of his company

--\-
- v----. y Jh
TC.
All together = Fo/ JF L There
were fifty students all together.
jokes o N-T-h-o.  Specially - especially
respected , i A. Specially, especially -
b) I am tired of his company = C
-x--- 640
---. -
N L-T-hC. x N-J.
A. -a.  Business - Trade
Q. C-- Antonyms ---.
Celebrated, esteemed, eminent, renowned, A. Business -
highly renowned, etc -a. adjective (blue, beautiful,  Monotony A. Variety h- ---, t,
great) attributive use of  Meagre A. Abundant/ plenty
, h- - -C-,
Q. C u-E - n ---.
C,
the adjective.  Tickle A. Constant/ steady
u .
M.SURESAN
If I had a son of daughter possessed of one

column x, noun (sky, girl,  Marvellous A. Ordinary
N -- h- --O a, NN
accomplishment it should be that of speech
great)
y adjective (blue,  Meek (Mild) A. Rebellious (Mild X harsh)
h- v Nv /-*-x
A.
beautiful, great) predicative use of
/ -h j E a. *o- ui, K
 Generous A. Mean
p-C,
- C -u vA/ h %-y-h. the adjective Adjective ui a. Company u
 Straight
-C. -E-: A. Crooked/ dishonest/ artful
Q. He behaved cowardly predicative adjective , C uh u a.
We did nothing but complained u verb y hC.  Ample A. Scanty Trade = K u, u --h.
j u-xE p N-J---. The blue sky - blue, attributive adjective  Praise A. Blame D ---E C h-,
A. He behaved cowardly- correct sentence
C n: F-.  Offer A. Reject/ deny/ withdraw K u n u, -A C--
cowardly, adjective. correct sen- The sky is blue - blue, predicative use of the  Quiet A. Loud -a N---u.
tence. He behaved in a cowardly manner- adjective  Regret A. Satisfaction (noun)/ Business Trade J C.Trade u--
correct. He behaved like a coward.
-- gloat (verb) --Fo business . F business
n: F C.
We did nothing but complain (complained
Participial adjective: Present participle/ past  Sacrifice A. Gain u----Fo Trade ---a.
) participle adjective
, to qual-
( Q. C- n, v-Eo N-J---. : Trade *x u, ui
Q. Her air of pomposity was tactless and offen- ify a noun), participial adjective
p-C  Joyous - joyful --O ---a.
sive. C. A. Joyous and joyful = joyous
 Site - cite
u air n ---. e.g. : The moving train. poetic-
C, poetry
poetic lan-
, A. Site - n x d--- El-P-*
A. G (Air of pomposity; air = \ 'moving'- present participle, train - noun
guage joyous -
\ -. \- n.
v-h-) -, E-h, qualifyhC d, C adjective. joyous occasion
-s-, ( Cite = -- ---, -
a-C C. C present participle
d, particip- persons
sE) -. . (p--).
Q. Antonio had no ready money. So, he had to ial adjective
-C. . We cite the example of the lion for courage
borrow it from Shylock. look at the expression: joyful, persons , occasions - = --E --- Eo p-.
uEo C N -a? The stolen money. -.  Illness - disease
If Antonio had had ready money he would 'stolen'- past participle of steal, qualifies the  Committee - commission A. Illness = disease = uC/ s
not have had to borrow it from Shylock. noun, 'money'. So here 'stolen' is an adjec- A. Committee- j u--Eo Ey---  Pitiful - Pitiable
A. -a. Correct. tive. C past participle d NE-l- , J-\-Eo *-- A. Pitiful =---/ L- o
participial adjective. Dharmaraja was a pitiful man =
V. Sreedhar, Nandalur.
C, p uh ---.
Some more examples: Commission- C uh Pitiable = L--L/ L----T The condi-
Q. Competitive Exams synonyms,
Walking stick, looking glass, boiling water, u vy c, Eg-, N tion of the child who lost its mother is
antonyms, comprehension, spotting errors,
etc., and also, printed matter, the murdered J_ -o? ? E J-Q-L- pitiable =
ordering of sentences N * LxE p- Gf nA L--L-
person, selected candidates etc. All the . C/ -F- C.
Commission d--l- i C--- -
h-Eo *---. underlined present/ past participles are,
Bank tests, staff selection commission  Camp - Campaign
participial adjectives. .Commission Eg-- - d- A. Camp 1) .
j p - C. Q. He was tired. He felt tired. He got tired. Ku . Committee d--l,
The collector's Camp =
A. Competitive exams -Lq vocabulary
O -d / NC.
(be) P.P./ (feel) P.P./
nEo -sx C---.
lists with antonyms and synonyms lists (get) P.P. --T-h?  Wail - weep
2) The minister is camping here
Guide to competitive exams tonight = vA vA--J-\ h-o.
A. Wail =
* j A. He was tired - 'was' here expresses the con- yE -- C-.
Lists
--. EWords Campaign = u/ u-N-
dition of the person. Was tired o-p, Weep = N--j --.
Literacy campaign = ~--u u.
 Recover - Restore
n x N h---
, confusing C. o J- nA. (- -- J- n-A
Abraham Lincon campaigned for the aboli-
-E O guides E -, o) A. Recover = 1) -d-o h AJT
He got tired = - --. tion of slavery = E-y Et-- L
antonyms, synonyms -
u-N-/ u -.
E, Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary \ v-- x/ N --x. 2) s * --.
of current english , n- Sx He felt tired = - - E--*C/ Restore = 1) --J-j C h/
-E, E sentence , a-C. C \ --C -d-o N- J -A-JT a

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