-Ç-C¢√®Ωç 23 -†-´ç•®Ω’ 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

J.V. Jayaprakash, Proddatur Q. scrutiny, checking, verification and observ-

ing.
Éçé¬- -N-´®Ωçí¬
Q. Please clarify the doubts in this îª÷-úøçúÕ.
sentence. A. Scrutiny= °æJ-Q-©† Checking= ûªE& a) After his death,
"I could not understand why my Verification =
his sons sepa-
ÆæJ-îª÷-úøôç (ï®Ω-í¬-Lq† Nüµ¿çí¬
wife and I had to suffer". ïJ-Tçü∆ ™‰ü∆ ÅE)/ vüµ¿’´°æ-®Ω--éÓ-´úøç– äéπ®Ω’ rated (ÅûªúÕ
Some teachers say 'why' is a conjunction îÁ°œpçC Eï´÷, é¬ü∆ ÅE. ´’®Ωùç ûª®√yûª
and some teachers say 'had' is a verb. Observing= í∫´’-Eç-îªúøç; ¢√uë«u-Eç-îªúøç éÌúø’-èπ◊©’ NúÕ-§Ú-
Some teachers say 'why' is a relative Q. examine, search, scanning, testing, inspect. ߪ÷®Ω’) - Simple
adverb and some teachers say 'had to' is a A. Examine = °æK-éÀ~ç-îªúøç search = ¢Áü¿-éπúøç A. The building which is being pulled by them is
(separated - äÍé verb Ñ sentence ™)
modal auxiliary and 'suffer' is the main verb. 100 years old =
Scanning = EP-ûªçí¬ °æJ-Q-Lç-îªúøç/ °æK-éÀ~ç-îªúøç
Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ '¢√∞¡xûÓ °æúø-íÌ-ôd-
b) After he (had) died, his sons separated
A. Why - Adverb, It's not a conjunction. I
Ééπ\úø Testing = °æK-éÀ~ç-îªúøç
•-úø’-ûª’†o— ÅØË Å®Ωn¢Ë’ ´Ææ’hçC. ¢√∞¡x-ûÓ °æúø-íÌ-ôd-
could not understand the reason why ...
(Åûªúø’ ´’®Ω-ùÀç-*† ûª®√yûª éÌúø’-èπ◊©’ NúÕ-§Ú- •-úø’-ûª’†o building, 100 Ææç´-ûªq-®√-©C ÅE sen-
ņo- Inspect = ûªE& îËߪ’úøç ߪ÷®Ω’) Ééπ\úø after ûª®√yûª (had) died, ÅØË tence Å®Ωnç. Å™« é¬èπ◊çú≈ Which building is
why, relative conjunction. had to suffer
°æ¤púø’, Q. staff, faculty, crew. verb ®√´--úøçûÓ separated ûÓ È®çúø’ verbs
being pulled down by them? = à building
- 'had to' is modal, and 'suffer' is a main verb. Å´¤-ûª’-Ø√o®·. After he had died- subordi-
A. Staff = 鬮√u-©-ߪ÷-™xE Æœ•sçC ¢√∞¡xûÓ °æúø-íÌ-ôd-•-úø’-ûÓçC?
Faculty = College/ University nate clause, so the sentence is
G. Shylaja, Kusthapur ™ ¶üµ¿† Q. Which is planting tree? àüÁjûË îÁôx†’ Ø√ô’ûª÷
COMPLEX.
Q. Æœ•sçC. ÖçüÓ ÅE Å®Ωnç éπÈ®-ÍédØ√?
c) He (had) died and then his sons separat-
éÀçC °æü∆© Å®√n-©†’, ¢√öÀ ¶µ‰ü∆-©†’ N´-Jç-îª-
í∫-©®Ω’. Trophy, cup, shield. Crew = ¢√£æ«-Ø√© Æœ•sçC – bus, ship, plane, A. Which is planting tree? = àC îÁôx† ’
etc. ed.
A. Trophy = äéπ °æçüÁç™ Ø√ô’ûÓçC – DE-éπ®Ωnç
™‰ü¿’ -éπü∆.

The eagle is the mascot of the US

ÈíL-*-†ç-ü¿’èπ◊ í∫’®Ω’hí¬
Nñ‰-ûª©’ BÆæ’-èπ◊ØË ãúÕ-§Ú- Q. Who came a large
®·-†-¢√J ´Ææ’h-´¤†’ city. á´-È®jûË äéπ °ü¿l
Trophy ÅØË-¢√∞¡Ÿx. 鬩-véπ- °æôd-ù«-EéÀ ´î√a®Ó?
¢Ë’ù« ÅC Nï-ߪ÷-EéÀ ÅØË Å®Ωnç ÆæJ-§Ú-
í∫’®Ω’h, Ç ûª®√yûª Nñ‰-ûª-©- M. Satyanarayana, Hyd.
ûª’çü∆?
éÀîËa •£æ›-´’A Å®·uçC. DØËo memento ÅE Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ È®çúø’ verbs È®çúø’ A. The man, who came to a large city .... =
Q. End, close, finish; hardware, clauses =
èπÿú≈ ņ-´îª’a.
cup = Nï-ߪ÷-EéÀ *£æ«oçí¬, •£æ›-´’-Aí¬ ÉîËa iron, steel - Ñ °æü∆© í∫’Jç* -Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 524 1) He (had) died = îªE-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’
°ü¿l †í∫-®√-EéÀ ´*a† Ç ´’E≠œ.
Who came to a large city?= á´®Ω’ ´î√a®Ω’
cup - ÉC *†o cup †’ç*, °ü¿l §ƒvûªí¬ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. 2) And then his sons separat- °ü¿l †í∫-®√-EéÀ?
ÖçúÌa. A. End = Åçûªç, *´J ü¿¨¡ ed = ûª®√yûª ÅûªúÕ éÌúø’-èπ◊©’ Q. Who travelled from here to there. á´-È®jûË
shield = ÉC èπÿú≈ §ÚöÙ  Nñ‰-ûª-©-éÀîËa close = ´‚ߪ’úøç NúÕ-§Ú-ߪ÷®Ω’. Ééπ\úÕ †’ç* Åéπ\-úøèπ◊ v°æߪ÷ùç î˨»®Ó? ÅØË
•£æ›-´’ûË – Å®·ûË ÉC °æ‹®Ωyç ߪ·ü∆l¥™x finish= °æ‹Jh-îË-ߪ’úøç/ ûª’C-¢Á’-®Ω’-í∫’©’. Ñ È®çúø’ main clauses 鬕öÀd ÉC Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC éπü∆?
ÂÆjE-èπ◊©’ ¢√úË ú≈©’ ®Ω÷°æç™ Öçô’çC. The match has ended = Match COMPOUND sentence. Who travelled from here to there? = Ééπ\úÕ
Q. nonsense, bitch, stupid, rogue, idiot, rascal, Å®·-§Ú-®·çC. É™« Å®Ωnç ´÷®Ω-èπ◊çú≈ ´÷®Ω’p©’ îËÆæ’- †’ç* Åéπ\-úÕéÀ á´®Ω’ v°æߪ÷-ùÀç-î√®Ω’? éπÈ®Íéd-Ø√?
scoundrel. close Åçõ‰ äéÓ\-≤ƒJ °æ‹Jh-îË-ߪ’úøç
èπ◊çô÷ phrases †’ clauses í¬/ A. Passengers, who travelled from here to
A. Nonsense - Å®Ωnç-™‰E ´÷ô©’/ °œ*a ´÷ô©’/ M.SURESAN clauses †’/ phrases í¬ ´÷®Ωaúøç there = Ééπ\úÕ †’ç* Åéπ\-úÕéÀ á´-È®jûË v°æߪ÷-ùÀç-
ÅØË Å®Ωnç ÖçC/ ´·Tç-îªúøç. practise îËߪ’úøç Å´-Ææ®Ωç. DEéÀ éÌçûª
Let's close this chapter as soon as possible
Æ洒ߪ’ Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç-™‰E ´÷ô©’ – °œ*a îË≠d©æ ’. î√®Ó ¢√∞¡Ÿx = Ééπ\úÕ -†’ç-* Åéπ\-úÕéÀ v°æߪ÷-ùÀç-*†
Bitch = Çúø-èπ◊éπ\, Å®·ûË ÉC áèπ◊\-´í¬ ¢Ë¨¡u ÅØË
= O©-®·-†çûª ûªy®Ωí¬ Ñ chapter ´·Tü∆lç.
Ü£æ« é¬¢√L, éπ≠dçæ é¬ü¿’. v°æߪ÷-ùÀ-èπ◊©’.... É™« who/ which/ whose ûÓ
Å®ΩnçûÓ Æ‘Y©†’ Å´-´÷-†-éπ-®Ωçí¬ Ææç¶-Cµç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ P. Ravikumar, Aiza.
´îËa clauses sentence ™ ¶µ«í∫ç Å®·-ûËØË
Finish = °æE °æ‹Jh-îË-ߪ’úøç. O’®Ω-†’-èπ◊†o Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC. éπÈ®Íéd.
¢√úø-û√®Ω’.
He has finished his home work. Q. Who was the son of Dasaratha ¢√éπu E®√tùç
Stupid = Idiot = ´‚®Ω’^©’
Finish Åçõ‰ ûª’C-¢Á’-®Ω’í∫’ ÅØË Å®Ωnç v°æ鬮Ωç ÉC -v°æ¨¡o. DE Å®Ωnç: ü¿¨¡-®Ωü∑¿’úÕ èπ◊´÷-®Ω’- U.Hari, Tandoor.
stupid movie/ stupid jokes, etc - É™«çöÀ
The chair lacks finish = Ñ èπ◊KaéÀ é¬Ææh ¢Á’®Ω’í∫’/
úÁ-´®Ω’?é¬-F 'ü¿¨¡-®Ω-ü∑¿’úÕ èπ◊´÷-®Ω’-úÁj-†-ô’-´çöÀ Q. Why the words THE, A pronounce in differ-
¢√öÀ™x stupid èπ◊ Å®Ωnç – unintersting and dull (®√´·úø’)— ÅE éÌEo Spoken English °æ¤Ææh-鬙x
Çéπ-®Ω{ù ™‰ü¿’. (N’í∫û√ N≠æ-ߪ÷©’ ÆæJí¬ ÖçúÌa) ent ways like The - A-
ü¿ – C, à – Å.
ÅE, ÇÆæ-éÀh-éπ-®Ωçí¬ ™‰èπ◊çú≈ NÆæ’-í∫-E-°œçîË.
Iron= Ɇ’´·
îª÷¨»ç. ᙫçöÀ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x Å™« ®√ßÁ·îª’a? A. We pronounce the as 'C—
before English
Rogue = ¢Á÷Ææ-í¬-úÁj† ü¿’®√t-®Ω’_úø’
A. Who was the son of Dasaratha? Ñ sen- words beginning with any of the Telugu
Scoundrel = ü¿’®√t-®Ω’_úø’ steel= Öèπ◊\ (Éçöx ¢√úË §ƒvûª©’– stainless
tence É™«Íí Ö†oôx®·ûË D-EéÀ -Å®Ωnç ü¿¨¡-®Ω-ü∑¿’úÕ sounds, Å, Ç, É, Ñ, Ö, Ü, á, à, â, ä, ã, å
Rascal = Rogue = ü¿’®√t-®Ω_°æ¤ ¢Á÷Ææ-í¬úø’, Å®·ûË steel)
èπ◊´÷-®Ω’-úÁ-´®Ω’? ÅØË. Å®·ûË Sri Rama, who The (C) egg (áí˚), The (C) ant, The (C)
rascal †’ English ™ Aô’d-°æ-ü¿çí¬ Å†’-éÓ®Ω’. Hardware - ¶µº´-Ø√© éπôd-ú≈-©èπ◊ ¢√úË É†’°æ, was the son of Dasaratha, killed Ravana - idea (â), The (C) owl (噸), etc.
ÅGµ-´÷-†çûÓ ÅØË °æü¿çí¬ (´’†ç *†o-¢√-∞¡x†’, ÉûªhúÕ, éπç, Öèπ◊\ ≤ƒ´’vT– ¢Ë’èπ◊©’, buckets, Ééπ\úø who was the son of Dasaratha ÅØËC Before English words beginning with other
question é¬ü¿’. ¢Á·ûªhç sentence ™ ÅüÓ
üÌçí∫ ¢Áüµ¿´) ņoô’x ¶µ«N-≤ƒh®Ω’.
than the Telugu sounds from to the is
í∫úÕ-ߪ’©’ ™«çöÀN. Å å,
Q. logo, muscat, symbol, emblem, motto.
M.A.K. Chakravarthi, Nadakuduru
¶µ«í∫ç. É™« sentence ™ ¶µ«í∫çí¬ ´*a-†-°æ¤púø’ pronounced as ü¿.
A. Logo = trade mark = ã éπç°F/ ÆæçÆæn Ö°æ-ßÁ÷- 'ü¿¨¡-®Ωü∑¿’úÕ èπ◊´÷-®Ω’-úÁj† ®√´·úø’— ÅØË Å®Ωnç The (ü¿)building, the (ü¿) tree, The (ü¿)
TçîË *£æ«oç. Q. Simple, Complex and Compound ´Ææ’hçC. University, etc.
Emblem= ÉC èπÿú≈ *£æ«o¢Ë’. Å®·ûË ÉC äéπ Sentences í∫’Jç* îÁ°æpçúÕ.
Q. Which is being pulled down by them. ÉC A is mostly pronounced as Å, and only
ñ«A, ü˨¡ç, ®√≠æZç, †í∫-®Ω-§ƒ-Léπ ÆæçÆæn©’ ûª´’ A. Simple, Compound and Complex sen- v°æ¨¡o éπü∆. é¬F 'àüÁjûË ¢√∞¡xûÓ °æúø-íÌ-ôd-•-úø’ûª÷ when we want to stress it (äéπ\õ‰, àüÓ äéπ
í∫’®Ω’hí¬ ¢√úË *£æ«oç. tences: ÖçüÓ Ç (éπôdúøç)— ÅE Å®Ωnç ÖçC. ÉC ᙫ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ØÌéÀ\ °æL-Íé-ô-°æ¤púø’), we pronounce
The Asoka pillar with the three lions and the Standard Conversions ≤ƒüµ¿uç? it as, á.
wheel is the national emblem of India =
Q. What is exact meaning of 'Back drop of.'
Simple Complex Compound
´‚úø’ Æœç£æ…©÷, îªvéπç Ö†o Ũéπ Ææh綵ºç ¶µ«®Ωûª Kindly explain its usage with example.
But/ yet/ and yet
ñ«A *£æ«oç. Though/ although/
1) Inspite of/ despite A. Back drop= 1) The drop curtain at the back
Mascot (muscat é¬ü¿’) Åü¿%-≠æd-éπ-®Ω-¢Á ’iç-Cí¬ even though of a stage in a theatre (drama hall),
¶µ«NçîË ïçûª’´¤, ´’E≠œ à ¶Ô´’t-®·Ø√. or/ otherwise/ or else
2) without/ but for If/ unless 2) All that we can see around us when an
The eagle is the mascot of the US = Å¢Á’-Jé¬
3) because of becasuse so/ therefore event takes place.
mascot - í∫®Ω’-úø-°æéÀ~.
A man was here and he was The roaring Sea provided a back drop to
Symbol - à *£æ«o-¢Á’iØ√ 1. A tallman was here A man who was tall was
tall. the fight between the two =
here.
(Tall man - phrase -
¢√J §Úö«x-ôèπ◊,
Motto - äéπ ÆæçÆæn/ ´uéÀh †¢Ë’t Çü¿®Ωzç – äéπ *†o DØËo
clause - A man
îË-ßÁ·îª’a £æ«ÙÈ®-ûª’h-ûª’†o Ææ´·vü¿ç ØË°æ-ü∑¿uçí¬ ÆæJ-§Ú-®·çC.
¢√éπuç ®Ω÷°æç™– Ææûªu-¢Ë’´ ïߪ’ûË- ™«. ´÷´‚- 3) äéπ Ææç°∂æ’-ô† ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’-†o-°æ¤púø’ / ïJ-Íí-ô°æ¤púø’,
©’í¬ ÉC logo, emblem ™«çöÀ ¢√öÀ™x ¶µ«í∫çí¬ who is tall ÅE)
2. Inspite of/ Despite He is rich but/ yet/ and yet
ü∆EéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*†/ ü∆E-é¬\-®Ω-ù-´’ßË’u °æJ-Æœn-
Öçô’çC. though/ although/ even
he spends little.
ûª’©’.
Q. quick, soon, urgent, immediately. though he is rich, he spends
eg: The communal clashes broke out
(Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ)
A. Quick - Inspite of/ Despite his little
against the backdrop of the comments the
ûªy®Ωí¬/ ¢Ëí∫çí¬
Soon = ¢ÁçôØË. äéπ Ææç°∂æ’-ô† ïJ-T† ¢ÁçôØË. wealth he spends little. people of one community made against
(Quick ÅØËC, éπü¿-L-éπ™  ¢Ëí∫ç ûÁ©’-°æ¤-ûª’çC– 3. Without his telling me, I only if he tells me, I will go/ He should tell me (to go); or the other= äéπ ´®√_-EéÀ îÁçC-†-¢√®Ω’, ÉçéÓ ´®Ω_ç
Soon = ûÌçü¿-®Ωí¬, äéπ N-≠æߪ’ç ûª®√yûª) will not go. unless he tells me, I will not go else/ otherwise I will not go. O’ü¿ îËÆœ† ¢√uêu© ØË°æ-ü∑¿uç™ ´®Ω_ Ææç°∂æ’®Ω{ù
urgent = Å´-Ææ-®Ωçí¬/ ņ’-èπ◊†o ¢ÁçôØË ï®Ω-í¬-Lq† 4. Because of his illness he Because he is ill, he is He is ill, so he is absent. v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº-´’-®·çC.
immediate = ûªéπ~ùç. is absent. absent.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm