danaSaulis prevencia

( )

(EMC)

2017
 (EMC)
,
.
. , .
EMC.

:
: 2006"
:
:

: 500

ISBN: 978-9941-0-9856-7

,
, (EMC)
.

: . 12, ,
.: +995 032 2 23 37 06

www.emc.org.ge
humanrightsemc@gmail.com
https://www.facebook.com/EMCRIGHTS/

........................................................................................................................6
.............................................................................................. 8
. ............................................................................................ 10

I . .......................................................................................................................14
1. .......................................................... 15
2.
............................................................................................................20
3. ...........25
3.1. .............27
3.2. - ...................................................................... 30
3.3. ........................................................................ 33
4. .......................................................................... 35

II . ...................................................................................................................... 37
1. .....38
1.1. ....................... 39
1.2. ............................. 41
1.3. .................................................. 44
2. ................................................................... 48
2.1.
......................................................................... 48
2.2. , ............................ 50
2.3. ................................ 52
2.4. ............................ 53
2.5. ......................................................................................... 56
3. .......................................................................... 58

III .......................................................................................................................60
1. .......................... 61
2. ............................................................ 63
2.1. ................................................................................ 63
2.2. ................................................................................ 65
3. ............................................................................ 69
4. .......................................................................... 77

-
. -
- , -
.
, -

.
,

.

2013 .
, -
,
.
,
, , -
: , , ,
. ,

, -
. ,
,
,
.

2013
, -
,
. , , -
-
.
, -
, -

. ,

-
, .

-
(EMC)
, -
,
, , -
.
, -
, -
-
.

(EMC), . -

.

7

-
. -
,

.

-
, ,
,
. , -
-
,
.

-
. -
, ,
, 2013 -

. -
,
. , -
,
. , ,
,

. , -
,
, , , .

, , -
. -
, ,
-
.

-
-
. , -
,
, .
EMC- -
-
.

9


, -

. -
-
,
,
.
( , )
,
-
,
.

,
-

. -
, 2013
-
. ,
, -
. , -
,
-
. , , -
, .

,
-
, , .
, -
-
.
, -
, , . , ,

10


, -
,

.
, -

.

-
, -
.
-
( ) -
, ,
, -
. , -
. , ,

, -
. -
, -
, , ,
.

-
, -
. , -

. , - -
, . -
, ,
. , , -
, .
, ,
. ,
, ,
, , -
.

11


, -
-
.
, -
, , -
, , -
,
.

-
. ,
.
, -
,
. ,
. -

.

-
. ,
-
. , , -
.

-

. -
: - -
, -
.

- ,

. EMC- -
-
,
-
, , -

12


. EMC-
, , -
. -


. , , -
, ,
, , -
, ,

.

, EMC- -

,
, , -
. ,
,
, , - -
-
.
, -
-
.
, -
,
,
. -
,
.

13
 I

14
 1.

-
,

.

-
, , -
, -
, .

, ,
,
, . -
, ,
, -
, , -
, -
, .

-
.

. -
, -
.
,
, -
. -
/
.
-
.1 -

1 , , .124.

15
 1.

, -
.2

, -
, -

. -

, , -
, ,
, , -
,
,
-
.3

,
,
- , -
. -

. -
.

-
.4 -

, -
, -
.5
,
, , -
. -
. ,

2 Erich Marks/Wiebke Steffan, Prvention braucht Praxis, Politik und Wissenschaft, 2014, . 66-68.
3 (2009/902/JHA) -2
-2 . [: https://goo.gl/ov8Rhm : 12.09.2017]
4 , , .320.
5 Jrg-Beat Ackermann, Zusammenarbeit von Polizei und Staatsanwaltschaft im Schnittbereich von Gefahrenabwehr
und Strafverfolgung, .11.

16
 1.

-
,
. -
, -
-
, .6

,
, 1990- -
. - -
. -
,
.7
, broken-window-Theorie8-
-
, -
, -
, , ,
-
. . stop and frisk- -
( )
-
.9

-
, 2001 11
, , -
.10

6 , , .123.
7 Sandra Born, Kommunale Kriminalprvention in einer Grostadt, 2009, . 77.
8 ,

, .
, , ,
, , ,
.
9 George Szpiro, Schranken fr New Yorks Polizei, [: https://www.nzz.ch/reduzierte-anwendung-
von-stop-and-frisk-1.18233069, : 12.09.2017]
10 Anna Hofmann/Bontje Zngerling, Innere Sicherheit und Prventionsstaat, .1, [: http://fzk.
rewi.hu-berlin.de/doc/sammelband/Innere_Sicherheit.pdf, : 10.09.2017]

17
 1.

-
,
-
-
. -

, -
, -
.11
,
-
() .12

, -

. -
, ,
, -

.

2002/13

, -
-

.13

(2009/902/
JHA) , , -


, , -
,
.

11 , . 3-4.
12 , . 3-4.
13 2002/13 ,
1.

18
 1.

-

- .

-

,
, -
-
-
.

19
 2.


-

, , -
.
-
-
.

-
,
,
, -
,
, -
- .
.
, -
.

2017 25 N275 , -
, -
-
,

- -
() . -
, / -
,
,
. -
-
,
. -

20
 2.

. -
,
-
, ,
.
. -
, /
-
. ,
, -
-

-
.

2017-2020 , -
, -
.

, -

.

, ,
2016 , -
-

, -
. -
, -
,
. , -
,
-
.
, - -

, , -

21
 2.

-
.

2016 -

. -



, -
- , ,
.

, ,
( -
) , ,
, 2017-2021
,
.
,
-
. -
-
. ,

. ,
, -
.
.
.
, -
. ,
.

, -
-


.

22
 2.

, -
-
.

-
,
. ,
-
,
.

-
-
,
. ,
2013 -
.
,
. 2013
, -
-
. , -

.14
2013 -
.15
, -
, .
-
- -
,
, -
.

-
- -

14 , , . 79.
15 EMC, , .43, [:
https://emc.org.ge/2015/06/18/samartaldamcavi-sistemebis-kvleva/, , 10.09.2017]

23
 2.

, -
-
.
, . -
,
.16
-
- .

,
.17

-

,
-
.

16 , 9.
17 , , . 118.

24
 3.

,
. . ,
( ) -
- -
, -
,
.
, -
-
, .18

, -
IV . -
.
-
-
.
,
.

-3 ,
, -
, -

-
. -
,
-
, .

18 Lwe/Rosenberg, die Strafprozessordnung und das Gerichtsverfassungsgesetz, .41-43.

25
 3.

-5 -5 ,
, -

.19 -
, -

.
-16 -

.

-
.

-
, , ,
-
.
,

.20 , -
, -

. , -
-
, .

-
-

,
.
, -

-
, / -
.

19 -5 -5 .
20 , , .122.

26
 3.

,
, ,

-
. -
-
,
, -
. , , -
-

.

3.1.

-18
, , -
. -
-
(, ) .
,
.21

, -
.

-18 -
11 :

) ;
) ;
) ;
) ;
) ;
) ;

21 , , .144.

27
 3.

) ;
)
;
) () ;
) ;
) - .

-
, -
. -
, ,
, -
, , ,
-
.

, 22- , -
,
, , -
, -
.

. ,
, , . -
, -
.22
-
.

, ,
-
, ,
,
, , -
.

, 2013 -

22 , 24.

28
 3.

, , -
.

-
, ,
.
-
- -
-
() ,
, -
, -
.
-
,
.
, -
, . ,


,
.23

,

(Anfangsverdacht 152 StPO). , -
, , .24
, -
, , -
, .

, , -
-
, .
-

23 Khne, Strafprozessordnung, . 238.

24 2005 23 ,
[: http://www.bverwg.de/entscheidungen/entscheidung.php?ent=231105U6C2.05.0,
:09.09.2017]

29
 3.

, -
.25

, ,
,
( ) -
, , -
,
, , -
-
,26
,
, -
.

3.2. -

-
- ,
29- ,
- .

- , -
- , -

, , -
, , -
, ,
, (),

.27

-3 - -
, -
, ,

25 Mohr Siebeck, Kriminalprventionsrecht, .78.

26 Eser, in : Sachnke/Schrder, Strafgesetzbuch, 28.Aufl. 2010, vor 22 Rdn. 13.
27 - , 7.

30
 3.

, -
. ,
, -
-
,
.

- -
-
- , -
,
, ,
, ,
.28

-
.

, , ,
.29
,
. , ,

, - -
.

,
,
. ,
-
, ,
-
.

, -
:
, -

28 - , 8.
29 , 101.

31
 3.

, , -
, , ,
, ,
-
.30

, -
, , -
. , ,
, , ,
--
. , ,
,
: -
(, -
), -
.

, - -
- ,31 , -
- -
,
/.
, -
- .
, , -
-
,32
( )
- .

-
, -
,
, -
.

30 01701189486.
31 -18 .
32 NSSG 1 17 02088162.

32
 3.

3.3.

-
2005 , -
. -
-
-
, ,
. 2006
, -
.
, -
-
, . -
-
- -
-, / -
, ,
-33. -
, ,

,
. , -
, -
, , ,
, .34

-
,
, -

.

33 2013 153
-, -
.
34 2005 26 875

.

33
 3.

, -
- -
, -
,
.

34
 4.

-
, -
,
-
,
.
, -
-
.
, -
.

, -
:

, -
,
-
;

, ,
;

-
;

-
;

35
 4.

- -
-
;

-
, -
;

, -

-
,
.

36


II

37
 1.


, 2013
-

. ,
, -
.
, , -
, /
.

, -
-
.
-
, -
.35
, , ,
,
, -
.

, -
, , -

. , ,
,
, :

1) -
( ,
,

35 2012 24

, 8.

38
 1.

, -
);

2) -
, -
.
;

3)
, -
. ,
,
, -
.

-
.

1.1.

-
, -
, ,
, -
. ( -
, -
),
.36 ,
,
-
4
.37

,
, -
, -

36 -19 -2 -3 .
37 , 21- .

39
 1.

-
, -
.38
.39

,
,
(,
, -
/),
. , -
-
,
,
. -
, ,
, , .

. -

,
. , -
, -
, ,

38 , -16 .
39 ;
;
;

,
;
;
, ,
; ,
; ;
; ,
,
; - ;
;
; -
; ,
.

40
 1.

. -
..
.40 -
( -5 ) -
,
.41 , -
-
.

-
. -
, -
.42

1.2.

(.. ) -
.
,
-
, ,
, , ,
, .

, -
, , -
, , ,
/.43 ,
,
-
.

40 , , . 132.
41 , . 136.
42 2012 24

, 8.
43 EMC, , 47, [:
https://emc.org.ge/2015/06/18/samartaldamcavi-sistemebis-kvleva/, : 10.09.2017]

41
 1.

, , -
, ,
. , , -
, -
,
-
.

() -
, ,
- .44

, ,

.

, -
-
, ,
.

, -

, , , -
, , ,
, .

,
-
, , ,
. , , -
-
.

, -
, ,

44 . , [: https://goo.
gl/bfYh53, : 12.09.2017]

42
 1.

-
-
.

, 2011 , -
. , -
( ,
,
)
Code of Practice, -
.
2010
.45

-8
,
( 44-
47 ). , 1) (senior police officer)
, ,
,
; 2)
, ,
, 3) , -
,
, ,
, ; 4) ,
, ,
, , .

, , -
30 , -
-
. , ,
, , , .
,
-8 .46

45 Gillan and Quinton v United Kingdom, ECHR, 2010.

46 Gillan and Quinton v United Kingdom, ECHR, 57, 2010.

43
 1.

47A -
,
( -

), -
:

1. , ;

2. , :

) ;

) , -
;

) ,
;

, , -
, ,
, -
( )
,
.

1.3.

,
, -
,
,
.

, -19 - -
, -

, . , -

44
 1.

-
47
, ,
,
, , / , -
, .

, , -
,
.
( ), ,
. - -
, -
,
.
, -
. ,
, , -
,
.48

, ,
. , -
, -
,
.49 ,
-
, , , ,
( ),
, -
, .

, -
, -
:

47 , 113.
48 2013 11
-
, 72.
49 22- -10 .

45
 1.

,
;

, .

-
, , -
.
, , -

.50 , , -
,
, (-

) .

-
:

(genuine) , ,
;

, ,
. -
, .51

,
:

, -
;

50 , 100.
51 A Revised Code of Practice for the exercise by: Police Officers of Statutory Powers of stop and search Police
Officers and Police Staff of requirements to record public encounters (
).

46
 1.

, ;

, ;
, -
, .

, , .52

-
- .
, -
/ -
. , -
, ,
(
). -
, / -
, .53 -
, , , ,
, ,
, .

, -
.
( 1993 , 2013
)
,54 : )
, (-
, ); ) -
3) -
, , ,
() .55

52 , 3.8 .
53 Sibron v. New York, 392 U.S. 40, 64 and 67 (1968). ,
(frisk) , ,
.
54 1993 -91 -4 .
55 22- -2 .

47
 2.

2.1.

-
. ,
, -
, -
.

-
-
1993 , -

. ,
,
( ) -
,
, -
.

,

. ,
,
, -20
( ).

, -

.
,
-18 ( -
),
-20 ( ).

48
 2.

, ,

. , -
, -
, -18
-20 .

, -
,
, -
.
, ,
, -
.

,
, -
, ,
. , -18 -5
, 1) -
2) ; 3) -
, , . -
,
, -

.56

, ,
, , -
-
, -
.

, -18 -
-5 , -
, -18

56 . 2013 11
-
, 50-54.

49
 2.

,
, -
.

,
-
,
. ,
, ,
-20 , -
, , -
. , ,
-
,

.

, , -

,
,
( ) , -
. ,
-
,
.57

2.2. ,

-
. , , , -
.
,
,
. , -
, -

57 , 63.

50
 2.

,
.58

: 1)

59 -
- .
, , -
, ( -
) .
, -
, ,
,
; 2) -
-
, .
-
. 3) , -
,
, ,
(, ) .

-
, ,
-
. , ,
, ,
,
.

-
, ,
, .

58 -18 -3 .
59 (01701189486) ,
:
, ,
, , , ,
, ,
,
.

51
 2.

-5
, -
, ,
. -
,
, -
,
.60

2.3.

,
, , -
,
, -
.

, -
, -
.

-19 , -
, -
, , -
. ,
, -
,
. 21- ,
,
,
. -
.

,
, , -
, ,

60 Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, 60259/11 62, 103-108.

52
 2.

. ,
(, - ) -
-
, ,
, -
,
,
,
, .

-
,
, , -
.

, -

, , ,
. ,
, ,
-
. , -
(, )
-
.

2.4.

, -
. ,
, -
, , -
.

-
, -

53
 2.

. , -

-
, , -
.
, ,
.61

, -
-
, : ,
. , , -
, ,
, , .
, -
, -
, .

-
, -
( )
.62

, ( ,
) -
, -
. ,
/-
, ,
( , ) ..

-
-
. ,
-
, , -

61 Stop watch, Carry on Recording, Why police stops should still be recorded, .3, [: http://
www.stop-watch.org/uploads/documents/WhyRecordingIsStillImportantBriefing.pdf, : 12.09.2017]
62 24- -5 .

54
 2.

,
.

-
. ,

. -
,
.63

-, - -
, -
( N75-80a),
, , -
, ,
.

Racial and Identity Profiling Act of 2015 (RIPA 2015)

-
. ,
,
, -
/ ,
:

, -;
;
, , , /
,
;

;
, , ;
, , .

63 A Revised Code of Practice for the exercise by: Police Officers of Statutory Powers of stop and search Police
Officers and Police Staff of requirements to record public encounters, 5.

55
 2.

/ :

;
, ,
;
.

2.5.

, -
, -

. , -
, -
( ,

). ,
,
.64

,
.

-
.65
, , -
, ,
.
, -
: , , -
(, ,
) .

, -
( , ), , -
, -

64 21- -3 .
65 , 22- -7 23- -7 .

56
 2.

,

, -
, ( -
, ),
, -
,
, -
, -
, -
.

57
 3.

, -
, -
-
, .
-
. -
, , -
, ,
. -
-
.

,
:

,

;

-
, ,
, -
;

-
, -
.
;

-
, , -
, ;

58
 3.

, , -

, -
;

, -
. ,
-
, ( -
, ) ;

,
-
, -
,
. ,
;

, -
, -
, .

-
.

59
 I. , ,

III

60
 1.

, -
,
.66 -
, -
-
.
-
-
, ,
. ,
-
,
.67

,
, ,
, -
.

.68

-
, -
.
/
-
.

66 OSCE, Good Practices in Building Police-Public Partnerships, . 24, [: http://www.osce.org/se

cretariat/32547?download=true, 08.09.2017]
67 UNODC, Handbook on police accountability, oversight and integrity, .9 [: http://www.unodc.
org/, 08.09.2017]
68 European Code of Police ethics, Recommendation Rec(2001)10 adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the
Council of Europe on 19 September 2001 and explanatory memorandum, 61 [: https://polis.osce.
org/node/4711, : 08.09.2017]

61
 1.

, , ,
, ,

, .69

, -
, , -
,
,
, -
-
. , -
.
-
.70

-
-
.71

, - -
: -
, -

.

, , -
,
72 -
.

69 , 56.
70 , 56.
71 , 57.
72 , EMC- 3
, - -
- .

62
 2.

-
,
, -
,
. ,
,
.

, -
/ , , -
,
, -
.73

2.1.

,
, .

. -
, ,
, ,
.

: 1. ,
; 2. -
; 3. . -
,
.74

73 UNODC, Handbook on police accountability, oversight and integrity, .43 [: http://www.unodc.

org/, : 08.09.2017]
74 , , , . 123.

63
 2.

EMC- ,
, ,
-
,
,
.

,
,
:75

/ -
( -
) : , , -
, ;

/ , -
. -
, , ,
-
,
;76

, ,

. -
-
,
, ,
.

, -
, -
, -
.

75 . http://police.ge/ge/contact-us, [ 08.09.2017 ]
76 EMC, TI, , .22 [:
https://emc.org.ge/2017/04/25/emc-255/, : 08.09.2017]

64
 2.

, EMC-
, , . -
2013 2017
-
, , ,
,
, 2016 2017
-
.77
,78 -
,
2016 1 -
.

2.2.

.
, 79 -

, , -
-

.
, -

-
- .

, -
. -
,
,
.

77 MIA 81701676924.
78 MIA 01701189486.
79 , 22-24- .

65
 2.

- -
,

- . -19 -
-

.

--
, - -
. --

. : ) ; ) -
; )
; ) , , . -
-19 , -
- , -
-2
: )
, -
; )
, -19 ; ) -
; ) -
. ,
.
, .80
,
- .

EMC- - ,
,
-19 - -
-
, , .81

51- -2
, , -

80 , , . 31-35.
81 2017 23 .

66
 2.

-
, -
- -
3 . - -
, EMC- ,

. -
.

--
-
- -
,
.

, , . -
. -
, -
,
, .. .

- ,
-
, ,
: -
-
, .
, -
.
-
-
. -
, .82

, , -
-
.

82 , , .30.

67
 2.

-
, , -
4 ; 2
; 1 , 1 ,
, -
.83

EMC- /.
, , -
-
,
, -

.84 ,
-
-
, -
. , -
-
-
,
, -
. , -
,
,
-
- .85 -
, EMC-
, -
.

83 MIA 817 01681900.

84 2017 28 .
85 2016 21 .

68
 3.

-
. , ,

.86

, -

,
. -
. -
, -

, -
, ,
, .87

,
/ -
. / ,
, , . ,
, ,
, -
.88

, -
, ,
-
.

86 UNODC, Handbook on police accountability, oversight and integrity, .39 [: http://www.unodc.

org/, : 08.09.2017]
87 , .39.
88 European Code of Police ethics, Recommendation Rec(2001)10 adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the
Council of Europe on 19 September 2001 and explanatory memorandum, .69 [: https://polis.
osce.org/node/4711, : 08.09.2017]

69
 3.

,
. -
,
. -
,

. -
, . -
-
,
.

, .. (Soft
Law), ,
. ,
, , -
. -
.

-
,
, , -
-
.

, , -


- .89

,90
-
.
, 2013 1 2017 31 ,
-
9531 .

89 , 2.
90 81701957652.

70
 3.

1 1

34

483

18

59

758

2337

2941

2899

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

( ).

, -
-
( ,
)
, ,
(), -
, -
, .91

-
-
:
, -
-, .92

91 , 9.
92 , 9.

71
 3.

-
, -
,
.

, -
, , ,
-8 .

EMC-

, , - EMC -
-
.

, -
, -
. , -
,
, .
EMC- -
,
. -
- , -
-
.

, -
. -
, -
, , .
, - ,
, EMC- ,

-
, -
. , -
, -
.

72
 3.

-
, ,
.

, - -
- , ,
.

, -
-
. , -
,
99-
, -
.

,
, .93
, , . -
-
, , ,

, ,
, .

-
, . -

.

, ,
EMC- -
, , -
, 94 -
. ,
-
, ,

93 , 9.
94 MIA61701280192.

73
 3.

,
, .

,
, , -
- .95 ,
, ,
, -
. , , -
, . , -
,
,
. ,
, -
,
. , , -
, ,
.96

, -
, 2013
2017 , -
63-.97

11%
21%

1%

8%
43%

16%

95 , 4.
96 EMC, , . 47-48, [: https://emc.org.
ge/2016/09/05/emc-128/, : 08.09.2017]
97 81701957652.

74
 3.

,98 -
13- -
,
. ,
- -
-
, -
/ , ;99

;100 , -

, .101

,
-
-
, , , -
.

, EMC-
3 , -
-
-
-
. , , ,
, ,
-
. , -
-
,
.

, -
. - -
. ,

98 31701422470.
99 2015 19 201.
100 2013 17 26.
101 2010 6 497.

75
 3.

, , -
.. , -
.102 , , , ,
-
. -
, -
.

, -
,
, . -
.
, -
, , -
, , , ,
. EMC-
, ,
, . -
, ,
.. ,
/ .

-
, , -
-

,
, .
.

-
, -
.103 ,
, , -
-
. EMC
.

102 2016 15 .
103 2017 17 .

76
 4.

, ,
.

, -
, , -
.

, , , -
:

/
-
/ ,
;

-
;

-
-
;

; ( , , , ,
);

/ -
-
;

, -
;

77