16.2.

2 Tschebyscheff Low-Pass Filters

The Tschebyscheff low-pass filters provide an even higher gain rolloff above fC. However,
as Figure 166 shows, the passband gain is not monotone, but contains ripples of
constant magnitude instead. For a given filter order, the higher the passband ripples, the
higher the filters rolloff.
10

10
|A| Gain dB

2nd Order
20

4th Order
30

40
9th Order
50

60
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Frequency

Figure 166. Gain Responses of Tschebyscheff Low-Pass Filters

With increasing filter order, the influence of the ripple magnitude on the filter rolloff dimin-
ishes.

Each ripple accounts for one second-order filter stage. Filters with even order numbers
generate ripples above the 0-dB line, while filters with odd order numbers create ripples
below 0 dB.

Tschebyscheff filters are often used in filter banks, where the frequency content of a signal
is of more importance than a constant amplification.

16.2.3 Bessel Low-Pass Filters

The Bessel low-pass filters have a linear phase response (Figure 167) over a wide fre-
quency range, which results in a constant group delay (Figure 168) in that frequency
range. Bessel low-pass filters, therefore, provide an optimum square-wave transmission
behavior. However, the passband gain of a Bessel low-pass filter is not as flat as that of
the Butterworth low-pass, and the transition from passband to stopband is by far not as
sharp as that of a Tschebyscheff low-pass filter (Figure 169).