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s' l xPsf] abfd vfg k' u ] 5 ' . d' v }
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nflu s] x L k} ; f lbg] , cf} i flw
pkrf/sf] nflu klg s]xL k};f lbg]
ul//fv]sf 5f}+. To;sf/0f clxn]
s]xL ;d"xx? cufl8 a9]sf] 5.
t/ s[liflt/ xfdLn] ;f]r]sf] s] xf]
eGbfv]/L w]/} hUufx? Ps}7fpF
knl6Ë u/]/ Pp6f kmd{sf] ?kdf
ljsf; ug'{k5{ eg]/ w]/} 5nkmn
cufl8 a9fof}. t/ ;d:of s]
eOlbof] eg] sfd ug] { dfG5]
eOlbPg. !* jif{ k'u]kl5 o'jfx?
kf;kf]6{ agfpg yfN5g\. ufpFdf
ls ev{/ k9\g nfu]sf ljBfyL{
5g\ ls a'9 fvf8f 5g\ . x/]s
ufpFdf clxn] o'jfx? e]l6Gg.
;a} ljb]zsf] df]xdf uof]. To;n]
ubf{v]/L xfdLn] ;f]r] cg';f/ sfd
cufl8 a9fpg ;s]gf}. xfdLn]
s] ;f]r]s f lyof} eg]. clxn]
ufpFkflnsfn] %) nfv nufgL
u/] / ef8fdf hUuf lnP/,
ufpFkflnsfsf s[lif k|fljlwsx?nfO{
To;df lgu/fgL ug{ nufP/ xfdLn]
Hofnfbf/L dfG5] /fv]/ eP klg Pp6f
tflnd s]Gb| h:tf] kmd{ s]Gb| vf]nf}
eGg] ;f]r]sf lyof}. clxn] xfdL;Fu
Tof] k};f cefj eof]. cfufdL jif{sf]
nflu xfdLn] To:tf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/
sfd ug]{ of]hgf agfO/x]sf 5f}+.
xfdLn] o;/L sfd cufl8 a9fof} eg]
s[ifsx? cfslif{t eP/ ;d"x agfP/,
;xsf/L agfP/ Joj;fo ug{ cufl8
a9\y] ls eGg] p2]Zon] xfdLn] o;f]
ug{ vf]h]sf] xf].
ufpF k flnsfdf s[ l if tyf
kz'kfngsf] k|fljlws k|ofKt 5}gg\
eGg] u' g f;f] a] n f a] n fdf
cfO/xG5. tkfOx?sf] cj:yf
s:tf] 5<
xfdL;Fu s[lif k|fljlws h]l6P x?
5g\ ;d:of k/] s f] 7fpFd f xfdLn]
v6fPsf 5f}+. pxfFx? hfg'ePsf] 5.
;] j f lbO/xg' e Psf] 5. vf] h ] s }
;dod} t gx'g ;S5 t/ l9nf] rf8f]
k|fljlwsx? ;d:of k/]sf] 7fpFdf
k'lu/fv]sf 5g\. o;sf/0f Tolt al9
k|fljlwssf] ;d:of 5}g.
o' j fx?nfO{ :yfgLo :t/d}
#
cfslif{ t ug] { ljleGg k| o f;sf
afjh" b oxfF n ] cl3 eg] h:t}
w] / } o' j fx? clxn] a} b ] l zs
/f] h uf/df uO/fv] s f 5g\ .
j} b ] l zs /f] h uf/ ;DjGwL k| o f{ K t
r]t gfsf cefjsf sf/0f sltko
o' j fx? 7luPsf klg 5g\ .
a} b ] l zs /f] h uf/df hfg]
o' j fx?nfO{ 7lugaf6 hf] l ug]
hfgsf/Ld" n s ;r] t gfd" n s
sfo{ q md ufpF k flnsfn] ;~rfng
ug] { s] x L of] h gf agfPsf] 5<
xfd|f] egfO t s] xf] eg] ljb]zdf
hfg} x'Fb}g eGg] xf]. xfdLn] clxn]
r'lxg] ef8f]df kfgL xfln/fv]sf 5f}+.
Tof] e/kbf]{ xf]Og. xfdL ljb]z hfg
x'Gg. tkfOx?n] oxL sfd ug'{xf];\.
To;df xfdLn] ;xof]u u5f}{. oxL
pTkfbgdf nfUg'xf];. eg]/ xfdLn]
elg/fv]sf 5f}+. n cfpg'xf];\ xfdL
zLk l;sfpF5f}, tkfO{ ljb]z hfg';\
eg]/ To;/L xfdLn] eg]sf 5}gf}. t/
7lugaf6 hf] l vg] lsl;dsf
;r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf
nflu xfdLnfO{ clxn] ;Dd k| : tfj
cfPsf] 5}g. To; lsl;dsf] k|:tfj
cfPdf To; lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx?
;~rfng ug{ ;lsG5.
vfg] k fgLsf] ;d:of
;dfwfgsf] nflu s] s:tf
sfo{ q mdx? oxfF x ?n] cufl8
a9fpg' e Psf] 5<
xfdLn] :yfgLo :t/df ug{ ;Sg]
vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx? xfdLn] cufl8
a9fPsf 5f} + . xfdLn] ug{ g;Sg]
of]hgfx? k|b]zdf k7fPsf 5f}+. ;+3df
klg k7fPsf 5f}+. clxn] ;+3 k|b]zaf6
s] x L of] h gf ;~rfng ug] { eg] /
gfdfs/0f ePsf] 5. To;sf] klg
la:tf/} Joj:yf x'G5.
clxn] slt 3/w'/LnfO{ kfgL
k' ¥ ofpg' k g] { cfjZostf 5<
;/sf/sf] Ps 3/ Ps wf/fsf] gLlt
cg';f/ t kfgL k'¥ofpg ;d:o} 5.
clxn] ;/sf/n] Ps 3/ Ps wf/fsf]
gLlt ckgfPsf] 5. dfly 8f8f 8f8fdf
klg ;Defjgf b]lvGg. $÷% 3/n]
Pp6f wf/f k|of]u ug{kg]{ b]l vG5.
lnˆ6af6 kfgL tfg]/ 3/ 3/ wf/f /fVg]
dfG5]sf] Ifdtf klg slt x'G5 < Tof]
cWoogsf] ljifo eof]. vfg] kfgL
lkpg} gkfP/ To:tf] ;d:of ePsf]
cj:yf klg x}g. *÷!) ldg]6 nufP/
ufu|Ldf af]s]/ ePklg dflg;n] lgjf{x
u/]sf] 5. t/ k|ofKt 5\ofnJofn kfgL
5}g.
;fd' b flos jg pkef] Q mf
;d" x ;F u s:tf] vfnsf] ;xsfo{
ufpF k flnsfn] ul//fv] s f] 5<
xfdLn] z'?df pxfFx?nfO{ af]nfP/
5nkmn rnfof} . tkfOx?n] ag
;+/If0f ug'{k5{. cfPsf ;d:ofx?
tkfO{ xfdL ldn]/ ug'{k5{ eGg] s'/f]
klg eof]. jgsf] sfof{nonfO{ klg
xfdLn] af]nfof}. tkfO{n] klg xfdL;Fu
;xsfo{ u/] / sfd ug' { k 5{ eGg]
s'/fsfgL eof]. t/ jgn] clxn] ;+3
dfkm{t k¥of]. Tolt xfdLnfO{ jf:tf
afFs L $ k] hdf

s[lifnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ =====================
klg u/]sf] 5}g. of]hgfj4 geP klg
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?n]
xfdLn] eg] cg' ; f/ sfd
ul//fVg'ePsf] 5. ;xsfo{ /fd|f] /x]sf]
5.
afUb' n f ledlu7] ;8s /
dbg e08f/L dfu{ afx] s
ufpF k flnsfsf] ;8ssf] cj:yf
s:tf] 5<
lxpFb] af6f] htfst} uPsf] 5. j8f
g+= & / * df jiff{bsf] l;hgdf klg
uf8L rNg ;Sg] cj:yf xf]. t/ k'n
gePsf] sf/0fn] jiff{df uf8L hfb}g.
af6fx? /fd|f ag]sf 5g\. aflbsf]6df
klg jiff{ d f klg uf8L nuftf/
rln/fv]sf] 5. cf]v/sf]6df cem}
xfdLn] a; nfg ;ls/fv]sf 5}gf}.
of] ;fn n}hfG5f}. lsgeg] af6f] cln
;f3'/f] ePsf] sf/0fn] ut;fn xfdLn]
k" / f ug{ ;s]g f}. o;kfnL lxpbdf
cf] v /sf] 6 df a; n} h fg] of] h gf
agfPsf 5f}+. xfdLn] ufpFkflnsfsf]
jl/kl/af6 Pp6f l/+u/f]8sf] lgdf{0f
ul//fv] s f 5f}= . bxvf]n fsf] dfly
dsf{jfªaf6 r'wf/f x'Fb} af+u] uf}8f x'Fb}
kf]v/L lx68f8f aflbsf]6, l6d'/rf}/,
t' i ff/f, s' l 6rf} / em/] / dsf{ j fªdf
hf]l8g] xf]. w]/}h;f] 7fpFdf of] ;8s
k"/f e};s]sf] 5. s]xL 7fpF afFsL 5
Tof] klg Ps b'O{ jif{df k"/f x'G5.
;8s lgdf{0 f ubf{ hyfeflj
d] l zgx?sf] k| o f] u n] ljkb\ s f]
hf] l vd klg a9fPsf] eg] / w] / }
rrf{ x' g ] u/] s f] 5. oxfF s f]
ufpFkflnsfdf s:tf] a]nfdf d]lzg
k| o f] u ug] { eGg] s] x L gLltx?
agfpg' e Psf] 5 <
;8s lgdf{0fsf] qmddf jgx? t xfd|f]
Tolt a9L gfz ePsf] 5}g. h] hlt
ePsf] 5 tL e}xfn]. dfG5]sf gLhL
hUufx?af6 g} af6f] uPsf] 5.
;fj{hlgs hUufx?af6 Psbd sd
5. xfdLn] Pp6f gLlt t agfPsf 5f}+
t/ s] ug]{ ToxL gLlt cg';f/ hfg] xf]
eg] af6f] klg gvlgg]. s]xL ug{ klg
g;lsg] . To;sf/0f g9f6Lsg
eGbfv]/L cfFvf lrDd u/]/ klxn] af6f]
agfpF To;kl5 lj?jf /f]Kg] xl/ofnL
u/fpg] sfd u/f}nf eg]sf 5f}+. xfdLn]
pkef] Q mfx?nfO{ af6f] s f] l8ndf
lj?jf /f]Kg nufO/x]sf 5f}+.
ufpF k flnsfn] kmf] x f] /
Joj:yfkg s;/L ul//fv] s f]
5<
xfdLn] oxfF s f] kmf] x f] / d} n f
Joj:yfkgsf] 8lDkª;fO6 agfPsf
5f}+. / s]xL ;do cl3b]lv ToxfF
kmf]xf]/ kmfNg /f]lsPsf] 5. ToxfF k'Ug]
af6f] elTsPsf] / 6] 08/ k| l qmof
cufl8 a9fP/ csf] { dlxgfb] l v
xfdLn] km]l/ z'? u5f}{. ut ;fn
xKtfsf] Pslbg kmf]xf]/ p7fpg] u/]sf
lyof}. t/ clxn] ufpFkflnsfjf;Lsf]
r] t gfsf] j[ l 4 eP;F u } hyfeflj
ˆoflsg] kmf]xf]/ ;+sng x'g yfn]sf]n]
ca xKtfsf] b'O{ lbg kmf]xf]/ p7fpg]
sfd ub}{ 5f}.
ufpF k flnsfsf] cfGtl/s
cfDbfgLn] kflnsfsf] ljsf;df
dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpFb5. t/
kflnsfjf;Lx?sf] s/ w] / } eof]
eGg] u' g f;f] x ? cfpg] u/] s f]
x'G5. oxfFsf] kflnsfsf] cj:yf
s:tf] 5<
xfdLn] w]/} s/ nufPsf 5}gf} c?
ufpF k flnsfsf] t' n gfdf. sltko
s'/fdf xfd|f] al9 xf]nf sltko s'/fdf
xfd|f] sd xf]nf To:t} ;/b/df To:tf]
al9 5} g . lxhf] ;fljssf
uflj;x?n] p7fPsf]df xfdLn] To:tf]
w]/} a[l4 u/]sf 5}gf}.
u/LjLnfO{ ;d] 6 \ g ] sfo{ q md
:yfgLo txn] Nofpg
;ls/fv] s f 5} g g\ eGg] u' g f;f]
cfO/x]sf] 5. oxfFs f] kflnsfsf]
cj:yf s:tf] 5 <
u/Lj s]xL g s]xL u5'{ eg]/ t cfpg'
k¥of] lg. u/Ljx?n] d afv|f kfNg
tof/ 5'F. d s[lif v]tL ug{ tof/ 5'F.
d s]xL pBd u/]/ cfDbfgLsf] >f]t
a9fpg tof/ 5' F eg] / ul/jx?
cfpg' k ¥of] . xfdLn] cfJxfg klg
ul//fv]sf 5f}+. cfpg'xf];\, To:tf
of] h gfx? agfpg' x f] ; \ . xfdL
tkfO{ x ?nfO{ ;xof] u u5f} { e g] /
elg/fv]sf 5f}+. t/ xfd|f] a'emfO{
s:tf] eof] eGbfv] / L df5f dfg{
gl;Sg] df5f df/] / vfg lbg] .
@)&^÷)%÷@$ d+ u njf/
vfnsf] xfd|f] of] a'emfO eof]. clxn]
b] z e/L tnb] l v dfly;Dd hf]
lat/0fd'vL ah]6 cfO/fv]sf] 5 of]
ah]6n] b]znfO{ sxfF k'¥ofpg] xf] <
b]zsf] cj:yf s:tf] x'g] xf] < of]
lrGtfsf] ljifo 5. clxn] dfG5]sf]
;f] r fO wf/0ff klg s] ePsf] 5
eGbfv]/L ca k'/} ;/sf/n] ul/lbg'k5{,
;/sf/n] lbg'k5{. of] ;/sf/sf] lhDdf
xf] eGg] cj:yf h'g l;h{gf eof].
of] lemd|'s ufpFkflnsf dfq xf]Og
;du| b]zs} ;d:of xf]. To;sf/0f
xfd|f] egfO eg]sf] s] xf] eg] dfG5]x?
lg:s[ o x} g . dfG5] x ?nfO{ ;s[ o
agfpg'k5{. dfG5]x ?nfO{ >dhLjL
agfpg'k5{. >ddf xfdLn] ljZjf;
ug'{k5{. Tof] >d ug]{ qmddf cfOk/]sf
;d:ofx?nfO{ xfdLn] 6]jf lbg] xf].
ltgLx?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ xf]. To;sf]
nflu xfdLn] jf/ jf/ dfu ul//fv]sf
5f} + . of] h gf NofP/ cfpg' x f] ; \ .
sfo{qmdsf] sfd ug'x{ f];\. t/ dfG5]x?
pT;flxt 5}g. sfd s]xL u/]sf] 5}g
Tolts} cg' b fg dfU5. u/LjL
cGTosf nflu ;/sf/n] dfq u/]/ x'bF g}
cfkm} klg >ddf nfUg'kb{5.
ko{ 6 g If] q sf] ljsf;sf]
nflu s] s:tf sfo{ q mdx?
cufl8 a9fpg' e Psf] 5<
ko{6g eg]s} s] xf] eGg] xfd|f] a'emfOdf
pxL 7"nf 7"nf lxdfn, tfn tn}of
x'g\ eGg] xf]. Tof] a'emfO{ dfq x}g
/x]5 ko{6g. ko{6g eg]sf] h+un klg
/x]5. a:tL klg /x]5, v]tL ls;fg
klg /x] 5 . af6f3f6f oL ;a}
s' / fx?sf] ljsf; eg] ko{ 6 g;F u
hf]l8P. To;sf/0f cf]v/sf]6df klg
xfdLn] Pp6f k'/ftfTjLs dxTjsf] sf]6
5. Tof] sf]6df hfgsf] nflu clxn]
Pp6f l;9L agfPsf] xf]. Tof] klg cem}
cw'/f] 5. Tof] k"/f ug{ afFsL 5. csf]{
v]n d}bfg agfO/x]sf 5f}+. xfdL;Fu
hUuf pknJw gePsf] n ] kfs{ x ?
agfpg ;ls/flvPsf] 5} g .
;fd'bflos xf]d:6]sf] ejg aGb} 5
Tof] klg ck'/f] 5. xfdL] clxn] 9f8df
/s uf8]{gsf] nflu @) nfv vr{
u/]/ u'? of]hgf agfPsf 5f}+. To;sf]
@@ s/f] 8 sf] :6Ld] 6 cfPsf] 5.
$
To;sf] lgdf{0fsf] nflu xfdL ah]6 oxfF n fO{ eGg} dg nfu] s f]
dfu ug{ klg uO/fv]sf 5f}+. clxn] o; cl3 xfd| f ] s' / fsfgLdf
s]Gb|n] %) nfv lbPsf] 5. ljut g;d] l 6Psf] s' / f eP eGg' x f] ; \ .
jif{ @% nfv lbPsf] lyof]. xfd|f] s[lifnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fv]/
l8lkcf/ aGg l9nf u/]sf] sf/0fn] xfdLn] l;rfO ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ug{ w]/}
Tof] ;a} k};f vr{ ug{ ;lsPg. !) s' n fx? lgdf{ 0 f u/] s f 5f} + . 6f/L
nfv dfq} vr{ ul/of]. Pp6f 9'+uf v]tx?df klg xfdLn] s'nf agfPsf
lj5\of/ l;9L ;lxtsf] /fd|} uf]/]6f] af6f] 5f}+, h;n] ubf{ dflg;x?n] clxn]
agfPsf 5f}+. ca Tof] l8lkcf/sf] ;lhn} l;+rfO ug{ ;s]sf 5g\.
cfwf/df l:6d]6/ u/]/ lgdf{0f sfo{ To;n] ubf{v]/L dflg;nfO{ w]/}
cufl8 a9fpg] of]hgf 5. :gfyfg /fd|f] k|efj klg k/]sf] 5. xfd|f] 7"nf]
kl/dflh{t ug]{, l;l9x?, kf]v/L agfpg] of]hgf eg]sf] bfl/drf}/sf] l;rfO s'nf]
sfdx? ePsf 5g\. lbofNgfrf}/df xf]. Tof] sl/j () nfvsf] of]hgf
v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f eO/fv]sf] 5. Eo' xf]. Tof] k|b]z / xfdL ldn]/ ;dk'/s
6fj/ lgdf{0f ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5. of] h gfdf kf] x f] / ;fn $) nfv
t'iff/fsf]6df klg rf}kf/Lx? lgdf{0f ?k}ofsf] sfd eof] clxn] %) nfv
ul/Psf] 5. ToxfFsf] dlGb/ klg gof ?k}of 5. of] ;fn To;nfO{ ;DkGg
tl/sfn] ag]sf] 5. ko{6gsf] k"jf{wf/ ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5. To:t} c?
xfdLn] tof/ ub}{ 5f}. ;DkGg x'g t ;fgfltgf w]/} s'nfx? xfdLn] agfPsf
s]xL ;do nfUnf. xfdLn] Pp6f ;f]r 5f}+. l;rfO{ kfOk klg v/Lb u/]/
agfPsf 5f}+ slt k"/f x'g] x'g\ slt xfdLn] ls;fgx?nfO{ ljt/0f u/]sf
xf]Ogg\. 5f}+.
a}ls+u sf/f]jf/ ;fOg /];u
+' fdf lsg<
xflb{s ;dj]bgf
hGd ldltM– :juf{ / f] x 0fM–
@)!^÷!)÷!^ @)&^÷)%÷!^
:j= wgf e08f/L
Ko"7fg lhNnf gf}jlxgL ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= * n'Kn'ª lgjf;L
o; df08jL ;fKtflxssf lat/s >L ofdnfn e08f/Lsf]
ddtfdoL cfdf :j = wgf e08f/Lsf] ^) jif{sf] pd]/df b'Mvb
lgwg ePsf]n] lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{
;d:t zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgk|lt w}o{wf/0f ug]{ zlQm k|fKt xf];\
eGb} xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+.
df08jL ;fKtflxs kl/jf/
Ko"7fg gu/kflnsf j8f g+= & Ko"7fg .
df08jL
dlxnfdf x'g] k|d'v SofG;/, s;/L aRr] <
SofG;/, ;fdfGo efiffdf eGbf
z/L/sf s' g } efusf sf] l ifsfx?
clgolGqt / c;fdfGo ?kdf a9\b}
hfg' xf] , h;sf sf/0f ;fdfGo
sf]ifx?sf sfddf afwf kg{ hfG5.
To;n] sfnfGt/df z/L/el/ o:tf
c;fdfGo SofG;/sf sf]ifx? 5l/O{
w]/} c+ux?sf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf afwf
k'Ug uO{ d[To'sf] d'v;Dd k'¥ofpF5.
SofG;/ cfh ;Dk"0f{ dfgj
hLjgsf nflu Ps k|d'v :jf:Yo
r'gf}tL ag]sf] 5. o; r'gf}tLnfO{ lrb}{
lrlsT;f lj1fgn] s]xL To:tf k4lt
Jojxf/df NofO;s]sf] 5, h;af6
SofG;/;Fusf] n8fOFdf w]/}n] lht
xfl;n ul/;s] s f 5g\ . cfh
dlxnfdf x'g] k|d'v b'O{ SofG;/ /
SofG;/ l/lnkm ;f];fO6L/ ljZj
:jf:Yo ;+u 7g nufotåf/f hf/L
/f]syfdsf pkfosf af/]df k|sfz
kfb}{5'.
OG6/g] ; gn Ph] G ;L km/
SofG;/ l/;r{ -cfOPcf/;L_ åf/f
@)!* sf] cGTodf hf/L cfFs8f
cg';f/ :tg SofG;/ ;+;f/el/sf
dlxnfdf ;aeGbf a9L cyf{t\ ;Dk"0f{
SofG;/kLl8tdWo] @%=$ k|ltzt :tg
SofG;/ kLl8t /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5. cGo
tLg k|d'v SofG;/df sf]nf]/]S6n -
7"nf] cfG›f_ / kmf]S;f] SofG;/ /
kf7]3/sf] d'vsf] SofG;/ /x]sf 5g\.
pQm tYof+s cg';f/ dlxnf
z/L/sf cGo efusf] SofG;/sf]
t'ngfdf oL tLg SofG;/n] kLl8t
dlxnfsf] ;+ V ofdWo] nueu %)
k|ltzt ;+Vof cf]u6]sf 5g\. rf}+yf]
/ xfd|f] If]qdf dxTj /fVg] ljifo aGg
cfpF5, kf7]3/sf] d'vsf] SofG;/
cyjf ;ef{ O sn SofG;/. o:t}
dlxnfdf b] l vg] cGo SofG;/df
kf7]3/, l8Daf;o, yfO/f]O8, k]6,
sn]hf], KoflGqmofh, ls8\gL, 5fnf,
e] h fOgf, of{ nu| G yL, 3fF 6 L, d' v
cflbsf] SofG;/ / lnDkmf] d f,
No's]ldof nufot k5{g\.
t/ ljZjel/sf] tYof+s / xfd|f]
h:tf] ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sdf ul/Psf
vf] h cg' ; Gwfgdf cfwfl/t
tYof+sdf w]/} km/s 5. o;sf]
hf] l vdaf6 aRgsf nflu of]
leGgtfsf sf/0faf/] a'‰g cToGt
h?/L 5. SofG;/ l/lnkm ;f];fO6L
g]kfn, g]kfn cf]Gsf]nf]lhsn ;f];fO6L
nufotåf/f @)!& df hf/L tYof+s
cg';f/ g]kfnL dlxnfdf b]lvPsf
k|d'v SofG;/x?df
kf7] 3 /sf] d' v sf] SofG;/
kLl8t dlxnfsf] ;+Vof !(=! k|ltzt,
:tg SofG;/ !^=# k|ltzt, kmf]S;f]
tyf :jf;k|Zjf;;DaGwL SofG;/
!)=@ k|ltzt, l8Daf;o ^=! k|ltzt
/ k]6sf] SofG;/ #=* k|ltzt /x]sf
5g\.
ljZjel/sf] tYof+ s cg' ; f/
rf}+yf] :yfgdf /x]sf] kf7]3/sf] d'vsf]
SofG;/ g]kfnL dlxnfdf rflxF k|yd
:yfgdf s;/L b]lvof] t<
kf7] 3 /sf] d' v sf] SofG;/
ljsl;t ljZjdf 36\bf] b/df
/x]sf] of] /f]usf] sf/s tTj Xo'dg
Kolknf]df efO/; gfds lhjf0f' xf].
ljsf;f]Gd'v ljZjsf dlxnfdf of]
;+qmd0f x'g' / o; SofG;/sf] hf]lvd
a9\g'sf sf/0fx? x'G, sd pd]/df
ljjfx, sd pd]/ d} uef{wfg, w]/ }
k6ssf] uef{wfg, sdhf]/ cfly{s /
;fdflhs cj:yf, PseGbf a9L
k' ? if;F u sf] of} g ;Dks{ cyjf
o:tfvfn] of} g hLjg ePsf
klt;F u sf] ;Dks{ , sdhf] / /f] u
k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf, nfdf] ;do;Dd
uel{g\ /f]ws rSsL ;]jg, w"dkfg cflb
x'g \. ;fy} o; SofG;/ lj?4sf]
EoflS;gnfO{ s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ug{
g;Sg'nfO{ klg xfd|f] If]qdf o;sf
kLl8tsf] ;+Vof a9\b} hfg'sf] sf/0f
/x]sf] 5.
k|fylds r/0fdf s'g } nIf0f
gb] l vg] eP tfklg sfnfGt/df
b'vfO/lxt /ut aUg], ;]tf] kfgL aUg],
sDd/ b'Vg] nufot ;d:of b]vf
kg{'sf ;fy} P8efG; :6]h SofG;/df
cGo c+ux?df km}lng] / cg]s c+u
;Da4 nIf0fx? b]vf kb{5g\. o;sf]
/f]syfdsf nflu hgr]tgf g} d'Vo
pkfosf ?kdf cl3 ;fl/Psf] 5,
h;df dfly plNnlvt hf] l vdsf
sf/0fx?sf] /f] s yfd ub} { hf]l vd
Go"gLs/0f ug{' g} xf].
ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gåf/f hf/L
lgb] l { \ z sf adf] l hd (-!# jif] {
aflnsfnfO{ lgz'Ns PrlkeL EoflS;g
lbOg] k| f jwfg cg' ; f/ :s' n ]
5fqfx?nfO{ lgz'Ns EoflS;g nfu"
ul/;lsPsf] 5 t/ klg plrt r]tgf
cefjdf k|efjsf/L x'g g;ls/x]sf]
cu|0fL ljz]if1x¿sf] /fo 5. ljsl;t
d'n'sx? ;ef{Osn SofG;/ lgd{"n
ug]{tkm{ tlNng 5g\ / xfnsf lbgdf
k'?if afnsx?nfO{ klg of] EoflS;g
lbg] k|fjwfg NofO;s]sf 5g\ eg] xfdL
w]/} k5fl8 ?dlNnO/x]sf 5f}F.
oL t eP /f]syfdsf pkfo.
;dod} /f] u klxrfgsf nflu
cjnDag ul/g] tl/sfdWo] Ps /x]sf]
5, Kofk :d] c / l:qmlgª 6] : 6.
cd]l/sg SofG;/ ;f];fO6Låf/f hf/L
;ef{Osn SofG;/ /f]syfd lgb]l{\zsf
adf]lhdsf ufO8nfOG; lgDg 5G:
!_ @! jif{b]lv @( jif{ pd]/
;d"xsf dlxnfn] k|To]s # jif{df Kofk
l:do/ 6]:6 u/fpg]
@_ #) jif{ gf3]kl5 ^% jif{;Dd
Kofk 6]:6;Fu} PrlkeL 6]:6 k|To]s %
jif{df u/fpg]
#_ h;df o; SofG;/sf]
hf]lvd a9L b]lvG5, pxfFx?n] cfˆgf]
ljz]i f1sf /fo adf]lhd kmnf]-ck
u/fO/xg] / cGo hfFrx? u/fpg]
$_ ^% jif{ pd] / kl5 cfˆgf]
kl5Nnf] !) jif{df lgoldt hfFrdf
/xL s' g } c;fdfGotf gb] l vPsf]
cj:yfdf l:qmlgª 6]:6 ul//xg' kb}{g
o;/L l:qmlgª, PrlkeL 6]:6
nufotsf] l/hN6 c;fdfGo b]lvPsf]
;fy} ;DalGwt nIf0fx? b]lvPsf]
cj:yfdf la:t[t zf/Ll/s hfFr ;fy}
cGo hfF r x? h:t} lecfOP,
sNkf]:sf]kL, ;le{sf]u|fkmL, So'/]6]h-
afof] K ;L, lx:6] / f] : sf] k L / cGo
efux?df km}lnPsf] z+sf ePdf cGo
c+usf] hfFrx? ul/G5.
:tg SofG;/
;+;f/e/df :tg SofG;/nfO{
dlxnfn] nueu SofG;/sf]
kof{ojfrLsf ?kdf lng] u/]sf 5g\.
:tg SofG;/sf k|f/lDes nIf0fx?df
:tg / sfvLdf lgoldt b' v fO
x'g'/ufF7fx? b]vf kg{', :tgsf] 5fnfdf
kl/jt{g b]l vg', lgKknsf] cfsf/
kl/jt{g x'Fb} hfg' cflb kb{5g\.
:tgdf /xg] b'Uw u|GyL, 8S6 -
:tgsf] d'G6f;Dd b'w Nofpg] 6\o\A;_,
cGo tGt'x?, af];f] nufotaf6 ;'?
@)&^÷)%÷@$ d+unjf/
–8f= clgtf /f}lgof/
x'g] o; SofG;/sf] olsg sf/0f
kQf gnfu] klg s] sf/0fn] / s:tf
cj:yfdf x' g ;Sg] hf]l vd a9L
/xG5, eGg] s' / fx? ljleGg
cg';Gwfgn] k'li6 u/]sf 5g\.
:tg SofG;/sf] hf] l vd
a9\gs ' f sf/0fx? lgDg 5g:!_ a9\bf]
pd] / , @_ SofG;/sf] kfl/jfl/s
k[i 7e"l d lacf/l;P!/lacf/l;P@
lhg, oL Ps k' : tfb] lv csf] {d f
j+zf0f'ut lsl;dn] ;5{g\ / oL lhg
x'g] dlxnfdf :tg SofG;/sf] hf]lvd
cToGt} a9L /xG5. #_afSnf] :tg,
$_ sd pd]/df dlxgfjf/L ;'? x'g'
/ a9L pd]/;Dd dlxgfjf/L g;'Sg',
aRrfnfO{ b"w gr';fpg' jf Ps
jif{eGbf sd ;dodfq b"w r';fpg',
%_ clgolGqt zf/Ll/s jhg, ^_
dWokfg, hfF 8 -/S;L ;] j g, &_
ljls/0fsf] k|efj, *_ xdf]{ghlgt
pkrf/, uel{\g/f]ws rSsLsf] nfdf]
;do;Dd ;]jg cflb kb{5g\.
o:tf cfˆgf] a;df /xg]
hf]lvdk"0f{ afgLx?af6 cfkm"nfO{ 6f9}
/fVg' , lgoldt Jofofd ug{ ' /
zf/Ll/s tGb'?:ttf sfod /fVg
;Sg'n] w]/} g} hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f u5{.
o;sf ;fy} a9\ b f] pd] / ;F u }
ljz] i f1x?;F u sf] /fo ;Nnfx
adf] l hd plrt hfF r x? ugf{ n ]
cfkm"df x'g;Sg] SofG;/sf] hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0f x'g'sf ;fy} ;dod} /f]u
klxrfg eO{ k"0f{ pkrf/ kZrft\ :jf:y
/xg ;lsG5. hf] l vd klxrfg
kZrft\ j+zf0f'ut cfwf/df cToGt}
hf]lvddf /x]sf dlxnfsf] /f]u b]lvg'
cufl8 g} zNolqmof ug] { rng
ljsl;t d'n 's df kfOG5. ljZj
:jf:Yo ;+u7gåf/f hf/L lgb]l{\zsf
cg';f/ o; SofG;/sf /f]syfdsf
pkfo lgDg 5Gf\M
!_ :tg SofG;/sf k|f/lDes
nIf0fx?sf af/]df hgr]tgf a9fpg'
/ ;s];Dd l56f] /f]usf] klxrfgsf
nflu :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ ug{'
@_ l:qmlgª 6]:6: o;dWo]
:tgsf] lrlsT;sLo hfF r /
d]df]u|fkmL k5{g\. d]df]u|fkmL :tg
SofG;/sf] Ps dfq k|dfl0ft pkof]uL
l:qmlgª 6]:6 xf]. xfdLsxfF a9\bf]
xf]n a8L r]scksf] 6«]G8;Fu} o:tf
l:qmlgª 6]:6x?sf] af/]df hgr]tgf
km}nfpg' cfhsf] cfjZostf ag]sf]
5.
#_ cGo hfF r x?:
cN6« f ;fpG8, Pdcf/cfOO,{
6f]df]l;Gy]l;;, afof]K;L cflb.
hfF r x?dfkm{ t SofG;/sf]
klxrfg kZrft\ o;sf] k|sf/, :6]lhª,
xdf]{g ;]lG;l6le6L, pd]/ cflbsf
cfwf/df lrlsT;f k4lt ckgfOG5,
h;df zNolrlsT;f,
/]l8of]/s]df]y]/fkL, xdf]{gy]/fkL k5{g\.
cGT odf
xfdLsxfF ;' G gdf cfpg]
SofG;/af6 x' g ] d[ T o' s f sf/0f
nueu ;tk| l tzt g} l9nf /f] u
klxrfg x'g' xf]. o;sf] /f]syfdsf
pkfosf af/]df hgr]tgf, hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0fsf nflu b}lgs hLjgdf
x]/km]/ h:t} vfgkfg/zf/Ll/s Jofofd
/ lgb]l{\zsf adf]lhdsf lgoldt
hfFr g} x' g \. hlt l56f] /f]usf]
klxrfg x'G5, Tolt g} l56f] o:tf
/f] u af6 d' Q m eO{ :j:y /xg
;lsG5.
:jf:Yo vj/klqsfaf6.
%
8]u
+ ' Hj/f] ;DjGwL
;r]tgfd"ns ;Gb]z
kl/ro M
8]u+ ' Hj/f] Pl8; Plhk6fO{ -Aedes aegypti_ hftsf] kf]yL nfdv'§s ] f]
6f]sfO{af6 dflg;df ;g]{ ;?jf /f]u xf] . of] Pl8; nfdv'§n ] ] lbgdf
dfq 6f]Sg] u/]sf] kfO{G5 . of] /f]u dflg;af6 dflg;df l;w} ;b}{g . of]
nfdv'§]n] ;kmf kfgL hd]sf ;–;fgf :yfgdf km'n kfg]{ ub{5 .
vf;u/L jiff{sf] kfgL hDg] l6gsf 8Aafx?, /Ësf vfnL 8Aaf, yf]qf
jf k'/fgf 6fo/, cnsqf jf dl§t]nsf vfnL 8«dx?, km'nbfgL, udnf,
s'n/, kfgLsf 6\ofª\sL cflbdf o;n] km''n kfb{5 . jiff{t\sf] dlxgf;Fu}
htftt} kfgL hDg yfn]kl5 of] /f]usf] k|sf]k x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 .
8]+u' Hj/f]sf nIf0fx? M
8]+u' Hj/f]sf] d'Vo nIf0f PSsf;L pRr Hj/f] cfpg' xf] . of]
Hj/f] %–& lbg;Dd /xg ;S5 . ;fy} lgDg nIf0fx? klg
b]lvG5 M
 cfFvfsf] u]8L tyf 6fpsf]sf] kl5Nnf] efu w]/} b'Vg],
 z/L/ s6\s6L b'Vg],
 z/L/df lald/f cfpg] / /Qm>fj x'g],
 hf]gL{, x8\8L tyf dfF;k]zLx? b'Vg] .
 pRr Hj/f] ;Fu} dflysf nIf0fx? dWo] b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L
nIf0fx? b]vfk/]sf] v08df 8]+u' Hj/f] ePsf] z+sf ug{ ;lsG5.
o;sf ;fy;fy} jfsjfsL nfUg], jfGtf x'g], k]6 b'Vg], gfs jf luhfaf6
/ut aUg], /Qm>fj x'g] jf z/L/df /ut /x]sf rSsf -lgn8fd_
b]vfkg],{ a]xf]z x'g] cflb nIf0fx? klg b]vf kg{ ;S5g\ .
8]+u' Hj/f]sf] pkrf/ M
8]u+ ' Hj/f] ljiff0f' -Virus_ sf] sf/0faf6 x'g] ePsf]n] o;sf] vf;
pkrf/ 5}g . :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf o;sf] nIf0f cg';f/ pkrf/ ul/G5 .
8]+u' Hj/f]af6 x'g ;Sg] hl6ntfaf6 arfpg :jf:Yo hfFr / pkrf/sf]
nflu tTsfn glhs}sf] :jf:Yo ;+:Yffdf ;Dks{ /fVg' k5{ .
8]+u' Hj/f]af6 aRg] pkfo M
 8]+u' Hj/f]af6 aRg nfdv'§sf] 6f]sfO{a{ f6 aRg' k5{ .
 cfkm' a:g] 7fpF jl/kl/ kmflnPsf vfnL a§f, cnsqf jf dl§t]nsf
vfnL 8«dx?, k'/fgf 6fo/ cflbdf kfgL hDg glbg] pkfo ug'{
k5{.
 kfgL hldxfn]sf] v08df xKtfdf @ k6s kfgL jl/kl/ df]lan jf
dl§t]n 5s{g] / vfg]kfgLsf 6\ofª\sLnfO{ klg nfdv'§] k|j]z ug{
glbg] u/L 9fs]/ /fVg'k5{ .
 kfgL 6\ofª\sLnfO{ x/]s xKtf vfnL u/L ;kmf ug'{k5{ .
 s'n/df /x]sf] kfgLdf k|To]s xKtf Ps÷b'O{ rDrf dl§t]n xflnlbg]
ug'{ k5{ / %÷% lbgdf s'n/df hDdf ePsf] kfgL ;kmf ug'k{ 5{.
 udnfsf] kfgL klg xKtfdf b'O{ k6s ;'Sg lbg' kb{5 . ;'sfpg
;Dej geP b'O{ rDrf 89]sf] df]lan jf dl§t]n xflnlbg' k5{ .
To:t} efF8fnfO{ kfgL hDg glbg 3f]K6\ofP/ /fVg' kb{5 .
 nfdv'§]sf] 6f]]sfO{af6 aRg k'/f afx'nf ePsf] k'/f z/L/ 9fSg]
n'uf nufpg' k5{ . o;sf ;fy} nfdv'§s ] f] 6f]sfO{af6 aRg] dnd
nufpg' k5{ .
 8]+u' Hj/f] lj?4sf] vf]k tyf vf; pkrf/ ;d]t gePsf] x'bF f
nfdv'§]sf] 6f]sfO{af6 aRg' g} o; /f]uaf6 aRg] d'Vo pkfo xf].
nfdv'§], e';'gf ;fgf k|f0fL x'g\, logsf] 6f]sfO{n]
:jf:Yodf 7"nf] vt/f Nofpg ;S5 .
k'/f afx'nf ePsf] n'uf nufcf}+, ;'Tbf ;w}+ em'nsf] k|of]u
u/f}+,
nfdv'§]sf] 6f]sfO{af6 arf},+ 8]+u' Hj/f]af6 arf}+ .
8]+u' tyf cGo ls6hGo /f]u ;DaGwL yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu
glhssf] :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf .
cg'/f]ws M :jf:Yo sfof{no, Ko"7fg
 df08jL
k|hftGqsf dxfg ;]gfgLsf] lgwg Ps ;:d/0f
g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df Pp6f dWod
kl/jf/sf] hgtfsf] 5f] / f h;n]
hLjge/ ;+ 3 if{ u/] / k| h ftGqsf]
:yfkgf u¥of], b]zsf] gjlgjf{lrt
k|wfgdGqL aGof]. /fhfåf/f @)!& kf}if
! df k|hftGq ckx/0f ubf{ aL;f}{
jif{eGbf al9 ;+3if{/t g]tfsf] lgwgdf
b]z ljb]zaf6 h'g >4f ;'dg ck{0f
ul/of], o:tf >4f z'dg ;+;f/d} sd}
x'G5g\. tTsfngLg /fhf dxg]Gb| /
pgsf pQf/lfwsf/L /fhf lj/]Gb|sf]
kfnfdf g]kfndf !! jif{ / ef/tdf
$ jif{ u/L !( jif{ pgL sf/fuf/sf]
aGbL eP.
s[i0f k|;fb sf]O/fnf, aLkL
/ sf]O/fnf kl/jf/ hLjge/ ljlw
/ k2lt :yfkgfy{ tTsfnsf
;/sf/ la?4 ;+3if{ u/]. ;+3if{
ub}{ ubf{sf] cj:yfdf lktf s[i0f
k| ; fb sf] O /fnfsf] lgwg x' F b f
sf/fuf/df alGb aLkLn] lktfsf]
lqmof ;d]t v'nf aftfj/0fdf ug{
kfPgg\. Pp6f dWod kl/jf/df
hlGdPsf lktf s[ i 0f k| ; fb
sf]O/fnfsf k'qx? s]jn s[i0f
k| ; fb sf] O /fnfsf dfq ;' k ' q
ePgg\, pgLx? g]kfns} nflu /
k| h ftGq :yfkgfy{ s f] n8fO{ d f
nl8/x]. cGttM pg}n] :yfkgf
u/]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];s} g]t[Tjdf
!)$ jif{ ;Dd h/f] uf8]sf] /f0ff
zf;gsf] cGTo ;d]t eof]. pg}sf]
;lqmotfdf @)!% ;fndf k|yd
lgjf{ r g ;DkGg eO{ g] k fnL
sf+u|];n] b'O{ ltxfO{ dt k|fKt u¥of].
jLkL b]zsf] k|wfgdGqL ePsf] 8]9
jif{ laTbf glaTb} /fhf dx]Gb|n]
;+;b\ lj36g u/L bn dfly k|ltjGw
nufP. ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf,
sfo{ s tf{ x ?nfO{ sf/fuf/df alGb
agfOof] , /fhf dx] G b| n ] ;+ ; bLo
Joj:yfsf] ljsNkdf k~rfotL
Joj:yf nfu" u/]. o;/L /fhfåf/f
:yfkgf ul/Psf] lgb{nLo Joj:yfsf]
cGTo ug{ / ;+ ; bLo Joj:yf
:yfkgfsf] k' g M g] t [ T j klg aLkL
sf]O/fnf / g]kfnL sf+u|];n] g} u¥of].
b]zleq / k|jf;af6 ;d]t g]kfnL
sf+u|]; ;lqmo eO{ ;+u7gdf nfUof].
k6s–k6s ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx? ub}{
uof] . hgdt ;+ u | x sf] jftfj/0f
l;h{gf u¥of].
hgdtsf] kl/0ffdnfO{ :jLsfb}{
cufl8 a9\of]. aLkL rfx] sf/fuf/df
a;'g\, rfx] k|jf;df, rfx] v'nf ?kdf
b]z e|d0fdf lx8'g\ s'g} ;do klg
cfˆgf] b[9 l;4fGtdf larlnt ePgg\.
pgL rfx] /fhf;F u xf] ; \ jf k~r
g]tfx?;Fu xf];\ jf :jod cfˆgf]
bnsf g] t f sfo{ s tf{ ; F u xf] ; \
abnfsf] efjgfn] sfo{ gu/L ljlw /
k2tL cg';f/ b]z rnfpFg], hgtfsf]
;]jf ug]{, ;j]{;jf{ hgtf g} x'g\ eGg]
k| h ftflGqs k2ltsf] ;/sf/sf]
:yfkgfy{ lg/Gt/ ?kdf nflu/x] ,
nflu/x]. pgn] b]z ljb]zdf ;w}–
;w} k|hftflGqs jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gfsf]
cfJxfg u/]. h;sf] sf/0fn] /fhfn]
hgdt ;+ u | x sf] 3f] i f0ff, hgdt
;+ u | x sf] kl/0ffdkl5 ;+ l jwfgdf
;+zf]wg / s]l x v's 'nf]kg cfpFg
;Dej ePsf] lyof].
aLkL :jod qmflGtsf/L lyP /
pgn] qmflGtsf] kl/efiff lbb}+ eGg] ub{y]
…d qmflGtsf/L x'F, cft+ssjfbL xf]Og.
qmflGt d]/f] cy{df hgtfsf] ;s[o
la/f] wsf] To:tf] l:ylt xf] h;df
hgtf, la/f]wL ;/sf/ dfly o:tf]
c;x} o bjfj kf5{ ls – To;
;/sf/n] hgtfsf] k| h ftflGqs
clwsf/ lbg afWo x'g'kb{5.Ú
aLkL k6s–k6s h]ndf kg'{,
k|jf;df a:g', cfˆgf] :jf:Yo eGbf
al9 lrGtg b]zsf] ug'{, hgtfsf]
d'lQmsf] nflu k|hftGq :yfkgfsf]
nflu ;do lbbf pgn] cfˆgf]
:jf:Yojf/] ;dod} ;hu ePgg\.
k|f yldstf k|hftGqsf] nflu lbP.
To;}n] nfdf] ;dob]lv ;'?jft ePsf]
pgsf] /f]u SofG;/ a9\b} uof]. ;do
;dodf pgn] ;fdfGo :jf:Yo k/LIf0f
u/fpF b f SofG;/sf] nIf0f ePsf]
8fS6/sf] l/kf] 6 { cflb / /fli6« o
cGt/f{li6«o bjfjsf] sf/0fn] pgnfO{
/fhfn] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/fO{ cf}iflw
pkrf/ ug{ sf/fuf/af6 d'Qm u/].
aLkL ef/tsf] aDjO{ x' F b }
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kmf]g M )*^–$@)!!), (*$&*#*%!@
dR5L M ;Dks{ JolQm /rgf xdfn, kmf]g M (*$(%@@(@)
lah'jf/ M ldqdl0f rf]s, ;Dks{ JolQm ;/:jtL k/fh'nL
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kmf]g )*^–$!)!#$, $!)!!), (*$&*@)^!^
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le+uL| , dR5L, bfvfSjf8L / b/efg ahf/ tyf l5d]sL /f]Nkf,
c3f{vfFrL, bfª, u'NdL nufotsf lhNnfaf;Lx?n] ;d]t ;]jf
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cf}iflw lat/0f  cTofw'lgs d]lzgaf6 @$ ;} 306f lel8of] PS;/] ;]jf 
#)) PdPsf] PS;/] d]lzgaf6 PS;/] ;]jf d'6'sf] PS;/] O{=l;=lh= ;]jf
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sf+u|];sf] bf]>f] r/0f hfu/0f cleofg cfhb]lv z'?
Ko" 7 fg. k| d ' v k| l tkIfL bn lhNnf tx;Dd s] l Gb| o k| l tlglw u/]sf] unt lqmofsnfksf]
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Ps;fy …lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO{ dw]z k| b ] z lgjf{ r g If] q df k| l tlglwx? dxf;ldlt a}7saf6 kfl/t
g]kfnL sf+u; ]| /fli6«o hfu/0f cleofgÚ v6fP/ cleofgnfO{ ljs]Gb|Lt u/]sf] gLlt, sfo{qmd / ;+zf]lwt
ljwfgaf/] kf6L{sf] :yfgLo
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sf]O/fnfsf] hGdhoGtLsf] cj;/df bf] > f] r/0fsf] cleofg ;'b[9Ls/0fsf ultljlw cl3
kf/]/ sf+u|];n] cleofg k|f/De u/]sf] ;~rfngsf nflu o"7fgdf dgf]hdl0f a9fpg] / sf+u|];sf] g]t[Tjdf
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ut] ;dfkg x'g] 5. bfª_ nfO{ s]lGb|o k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf /fhgLlts pknlAw Pj+
;d[ l 4sf] ;Dk| ] i f0f ug] {
o; cl3 a}zfv @% ut]b]lv
z'? ePsf] k|yd r/0fsf] cleofgdf
sf+u|];n] v6fPsf] 5.
cleofgn] jt{dfg ;/sf/n]
nufot p2] Z o /fv] s f]
atfOPsf] 5. ;'lglZlrt dlxnf tyf
;fd'bflos /]l8of] df08jLsf] jflif{s pT;jdf
pkl:yt eOlbg] af/]sf] ;"rgf Û
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jfn clwsf/ ;';DkGg
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sfo{qmddf pkl:yltsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ /]l8of]sf nufgLstf{ tyf z'elrGtsx?nfO{
g]kfnsf] k"jf{wf/ .
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dfgL pkl:yt eOlbg'x'gsf] nflu cg'/f]w 5.
g]kfn ;/sf/
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