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Technological Institute of the Philippines

AMMONIA GAS
SPHERICAL
STORAGE TANK
SS-101
 Technological Institute of the Philippines

EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION

Ammonia Storage Tank Data EQUIPMENT TAG: SS-101

Sheet DESCRIPTION (FUNCTION)
To store Ammonia Gas.
Sheet No. 1
Operating Data 1
No. Required 5 Material of Carbon Steel 2
Construction (S42; Graded A)
Operating 30 ºC Operating 3.5 atm 3
temperature pressure
Contents Ammonia 4
Tank Capacity 8373.78 m3 5
Vessel data 6
Inside Diameter 25.760 m 7
Outside Diameter 25.785 m 8
Shell Thickness 12.689 mm 9
Circumference of the Sphere 81.006 m 11
Actual Dimension of the tank 12
Corrosion allowance 2 mm 13
Actual tank circumference 81.006 m 14
Actual Tank Diameter 25.785 m 15
Actual Inside Diameter 25.760 m 16
Actual No. of Layers 14 layers 17
Total no. of plates 57 plates 18
Inlet Nozzle Diameter 3 -inch, Schedule 5S 19
Outlet Nozzle Diameter 2 ½-inch, Schedule 80S 20

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Data and Assumptions:

1. Mass flow rate = 2,256.57 kg/hr

2. 20% Volumetric Allowance

Design Requirements:

a. Material of Construction

b. Diameter

c. Shell Thickness

Design Calculations:

From Table 2-143, Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 8th Ed.:

T= 30˚C

kg
ρ = 9.107
m3

Capacity of the Tank (for the basis of 7 days, or 168 hrs)

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

kg
2256.57 x 168 hrs
V= hr = 𝟒𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟕. 𝟕𝟑 𝐦𝟑
kg
9.107 3
m

Solving for the diameter using spherical tank (Silla, 2003)

Calculating the number of tanks:

41627.73 m3
N= = 4.97 = 𝟓 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐤𝐬
m3
8373.78
tank

Tank Diameter

πD3
VTheo =
6

Solving for inside diameter of the vessel (using tank capacity)

πD3
3
8,373.78 m =
6

𝐃 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟏𝟗𝟓 𝐦

Solving for the Surface Area of Sphere

SA = πD2

SA = 25.1952 π = 1994.245 m2

𝐒𝐀 = 𝟔𝟖𝟑𝟐. 𝟖𝟎 𝐟𝐭 𝟐

Standard size for plates is 6 x 20 ft.

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Solving for number of plates

6832.80 ft 2
Nplates = = 56.940 = 𝟓𝟕 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬
ft 2
(6 x 20)
plate

Using N = 57 plates

120 ft 2
SA = 57 plates x = 𝟔𝟖𝟒𝟎 𝐟𝐭 𝟐
plate

𝐒𝐀 = 𝟐𝟎𝟖𝟒. 𝟖𝟑𝟐 𝐦𝟐

2084.832 = πD2

𝐃 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟕𝟔𝟎 𝐦

Solving for inside diameter of the vessel (using liquid level)

41627.73 m3 πD3
=
5 6

𝐃 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟏𝟒𝟔 𝐦

25.760 m 3
Volumetric Allowance = [( ) − 1] x 100 % = 𝟖. 𝟐𝟐%
25.146 m

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Design Pressure

From Ammonia Spherical Tank,

Pd = 3.5 atm = 354637.5 Pa

𝐏𝐝 = 𝟑𝟓𝟒𝟔𝟑𝟕. 𝟓 𝐏𝐚

Solving Shell Thickness

From Table 13.2 Typical Maximum Allowable Stresses for Plates under ASME
BPV Code Sec. VIII (R K Sinnott)

N
Carbon Steel, S = 360 mm2

From Equation 13.39, (Chemical Engineering Design and Principles by

Coulson and Richardson)

Pd R i
t=
2SE − 0.2Pd

Where:

t = shell thickness

Pd = design pressure

Ri =internal diameter

S = design stress

E = joint efficiency

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

N
(0.3546375 ) (25760 mm)
t= mm2
N N
(2)(1)(360 2 ) − 0.2(0.3546375 )
mm mm2

𝐭 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟔𝟖𝟗 𝐦𝐦

Outside Diameter

Do = Di + 2t

Do = 25.760 m + 0.025378 m

𝐃𝐨 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟕𝟖𝟓 𝐦

Nozzle Sizing

Basis:

As per Engineering Standard for Process Design (Standard Code IPS-PR-880)

1. For fluid inlet (Gas or Liquid): ρv2 < 1000

2. For gas outlet: ρv2 < 3600
3. For liquid outlet: v= 1 m/s

Feed Inlet Nozzle

Density (kg/m3) 9.107
ρv 2 (kg/ms2) 1000

1000 kg/ms2
v=√ = 10.479 m/s
9.107 kg/m3

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Feed Flow Rate= 0.626825 kg/s

m 0.626825 kg/s
A= = = 6.568 x 10−3 m2
ρv kg m
(9.107 3 )(10.479 s )
m

4A 4(6.568 x 10−3 m2 )
Dn = √ = √ = 0.0914 m ≈ 91.447 mm
π π

Dn = 3.600 in, therefore use 3-inch Nominal Pipe Size, Schedule 5S.

Gas Outlet Nozzle

Density (kg/m3) 9.107

ρv 2 (kg/ms2) 3600

Outlet Flow Rate= 0.338 kg/s

3600 kg/ms2
v=√ = 19.882 m/s
9.107 kg/m3

m 0.626825 kg/s
A= = = 3.462 x 10−3 m2
ρv kg m
(9.107 3 )(19.882 s )
m

4A 4(3.462 x 10−3 m2 )
Dn = √ = √ = 0.06639 m ≈ 66.39 mm
π π

Dn = 2.614 in, therefore use 2 1/2-inch Nominal Pipe Size, Schedule 80S.

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

CARBON
DIOXIDE
SPHERICAL
STORAGE
TANK
SS-102

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION

Ammonia Storage Tank Data EQUIPMENT TAG: SS-102

Sheet DESCRIPTION (FUNCTION)
To store Carbon Dioxide Gas.
Sheet No. 1
Operating Data 1
No. Required 32 Material of Carbon Steel 2
Construction (S42; Graded A)
Operating 30 ºC Operating 3.5 atm 3
temperature pressure
Contents Ammonia 4
Tank Capacity 14950.186 m3 5
Vessel data 6
Inside Diameter 30.564 m 7
Outside Diameter 30.594 m 8
Shell Thickness 15.06 mm 9
Circumference of the Sphere 96.019 m 11
Actual Dimension of the tank 12
Corrosion allowance 2 mm 13
Actual tank circumference 96.019 m 14
Actual Tank Diameter 30.594 m 15
Actual Inside Diameter 30.564 m 16
Actual No. of Layers 14 layers 17
Total no. of plates 80 plates 18
Inlet Nozzle Diameter 5 -inch, Schedule 5S 19
Outlet Nozzle Diameter 3 1/3 inch, Schedule 80S 20

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Data and Assumptions:

3. Mass flow rate = 4,994 kg/hr

4. 20% Volumetric Allowance

Design Requirements:

a. Material of Construction

b. Diameter

c. Shell Thickness

Design Calculations:

From Table 2-143, Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 8th Ed.:

T= 30˚C

kg
ρ = 1.777
m3

Capacity of the Tank (for the basis of 7 days, or 168 hrs)

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

kg
4,994 x 168 hrs
V= hr = 𝟒𝟕𝟐𝟏𝟑𝟗. 𝟓𝟔 𝐦𝟑
kg
1.777 3
m

Solving for the diameter using spherical tank (Silla, 2003)

Calculating the number of tanks:

472139.56 m3
N= = 13.58 = 𝟑𝟐 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐤𝐬
m3
14950.186
tank

Tank Diameter

πD3
VTheo =
6

Solving for inside diameter of the vessel (using tank capacity)

πD3
3
14950.186 m =
6

𝐃 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟓𝟔𝟒 𝐦

Solving for the Surface Area of Sphere

SA = πD2

SA = 30.5642 π = 2934.74 m2

𝐒𝐀 = 𝟗𝟔𝟐𝟖. 𝟒𝟑 𝐟𝐭 𝟐

Standard size for plates is 6 x 20 ft.

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Solving for number of plates

9628.43 ft 2
Nplates = = 80.24 = 𝟖𝟎 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬
ft 2
(6 x 20)
plate

Using N = 80 plates

120 ft 2
SA = 80 plates x = 𝟗𝟔𝟐𝟖. 𝟒𝟑𝐟𝐭 𝟐
plate

𝐒𝐀 = 𝟐𝟗𝟑𝟒. 𝟕𝟒𝟒 𝐦𝟐

2934.744 = πD2

𝐃 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟓𝟔𝟒 𝐦

Solving for inside diameter of the vessel (using liquid level)

472139.56 m3 πD3
=
32 6

𝐃 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟒𝟑𝟎 𝐦

30.564 m 3
Volumetric Allowance = [( ) − 1] x 100 % = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟑%
30.430 m

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Design Pressure

From Ammonia Spherical Tank,

Pd = 3.5 atm = 354637.5 Pa

𝐏𝐝 = 𝟑𝟓𝟒𝟔𝟑𝟕. 𝟓 𝐏𝐚

Solving Shell Thickness

From Table 13.2 Typical Maximum Allowable Stresses for Plates under ASME
BPV Code Sec. VIII (R K Sinnott)

N
Carbon Steel, S = 360 mm2

From Equation 13.39, (Chemical Engineering Design and Principles by

Coulson and Richardson)

Pd R i
t=
2SE − 0.2Pd

Where:

t = shell thickness

Pd = design pressure

Ri =internal diameter

S = design stress

E = joint efficiency

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

N
(0.3546375 ) (30564mm)
t= mm2
N N
(2)(1)(360 2 ) − 0.2(0.3546375 )
mm mm2

𝐭 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟎𝟔 𝐦𝐦

Outside Diameter

Do = Di + 2t

Do = 30.564 m + 0.03012 m

𝐃𝐨 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟓𝟗𝟒 𝐦

Nozzle Sizing

Basis:

As per Engineering Standard for Process Design (Standard Code IPS-PR-880)

4. For fluid inlet (Gas or Liquid):2 < 1000

5. For gas outlet: ρv2 < 3600
6. For liquid outlet: v= 1 m/s

Feed Inlet Nozzle

Density (kg/m3) 9.107
ρv 2 (kg/ms2) 1000

1000 kg/ms2
v=√ = 10.479 m/s
9.107 kg/m3

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 Technological Institute of the Philippines

Feed Flow Rate= 1.248 kg/s

m 1.248 kg/s
A= = = 0.013 m2
ρv kg m
(9.107 3 )(10.479 s )
m

4A 4(0.013 m2 )
Dn = √ = √ = 0.129 m ≈ 128.65 mm
π π

Dn = 5.065 in, therefore use 5-inch Nominal Pipe Size, Schedule 5S.

Gas Outlet Nozzle

Density (kg/m3) 9.107

ρv 2 (kg/ms2) 3600

Outlet Flow Rate= 1.38 kg/s

3600 kg/ms2
v=√ = 19.882 m/s
9.107 kg/m3

m 1.387 kg/s
A= = = 7.660 x 10−3 m2
ρv kg m
(9.107 3 )(19.882 s )
m

4A 4(7.660 x 10−3 m2 )
Dn = √ =√ = 0.099m ≈ 98.76 mm
π π

Dn = 3.89 in, therefore use 3 1/3-inch Nominal Pipe Size, Schedule 80S.

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